EROCOMM, Inc. AEROCOMM, Inc. reserves the right to make
A
periodic modifications of this product without obligation to notify
any person or entity of such revision. Copying, duplicating, selling, or otherwise
distributing any part of this product without the prior consent of an authorized
representative of A
All brands and product n ame s i n thi s pu bl ication are registered
trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.
This material is preliminary
EROCOMM, Inc. All rights reserved.
EROCOMM, Inc. is prohibited.
Information furnis hed by A
by A
EROCOMM are covered by the w a rrant y and patent ind emnification provisions appearing in its
Terms of Sale only. A
descri pti on , re g ar din g the in fo rm ati on se t fo rt h here i n . A
EROCOMM in this specific ation is be lieved to be accurate. Device s sold
EROCOMM makes no warranty, express, statutory, and implied or by
EROCOMM reserves the right to change
specifications at any time and without notice.
EROCOMM products are intended for use in normal commercial applications. Applications
A
requiring extended temperature range or unusual environmental requirements such as military,
medical life-support or life-sustaining equipment are specifically not recommended without
additional testing for such application.
Limited Warranty
For a period of one (1) year from the date of purchase, A
against defects in materials and workmanship. A
EROCOMM will not honor this warranty (and this
EROCOMM warrants the transceiver
warranty will be automatically void) if there has been any:
(1) Tampering, signs of tampering, or opening the transceiver’s case.
(2) Use of AC power adapters and cables other than t hose or iginally supplied with the
transceivers.
(3) Repair or attempt to repair by anyone other than an A
EROCOMM authorized
technician.
This warranty does not cover and A
EROCOMM will not be liable for, any damage or failure caused
by misuse, abuse, acts of God, accidents, electrical irregularity, or other causes beyond
EROCOMM control, or claim by other than the original purchaser.
A
6/21/2005 2
FCC Information
FCC Notice
WARNING: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to
the following two condition s: (1) This device may not cause harmful
interference and ( 2) This device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
RF Exposure/Installation Instructions
WARNING: To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirem ents for mobile transmitting devices,
this equipment must be professionally installed such that the end user is
prevented from replacing the antenna with a non-approved antenna. The
end user should also be pr evented from being within 20cm of the antenna
during normal use with the exce ption of hands, feet, wrists and ankles.
The preceding statement must be included as a CAUTION statement in
manuals for OEM products to alert users on FCC R F Ex posur e compliance.
Caution: Any change or modification not expressly approved by
AeroComm could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
Figure 9- Multiple Networks of Point-to-Multi p oint CL 4424s...................................15
Tables
Table 1 – DTE, DCE and Null Modem Signal Definitions.........................................10
6/21/2005 4
CL4424 User’s Manual
1. CL4424 RF Transceiver
The CL4424 transceiver is a Frequency-Ho pping Spread Spectrum ( FHSS) radio designed for
license-free operatio n in the 2.4GHz ISM band. Out-of-the box, the radio susta ins a standard
asynchronous serial data stream between two or more radios. Housed in a compact and rugged
die-cast enclosure, the radio is equipped to re pl ace thousands of meters of serial cable with its
wireless link. The radio features an RS-232 or RS-485 interface for integration into legacy data
systems.
Features
Durable Industrial grade en closur e
Transparent operation, supports any legacy system
Transmits around corners, through walls
Reliable communication up to 115.2Kbps
1.1 Overview
The CL4424 uses Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum modulation, where the units “hop ” from
frequency to frequency many times per second using a specific hop pattern applied to all the
transceivers in the same network. A distinct hopping pattern is provided for each Channel
Number, thereby allowi ng multiple networks to co-exist in the same area without interference.
CL4424 transceivers operate in a Point-to-Point or Point-to-Multipoint, Clie nt-Server or Peer-toPeer architecture. One transceiver is configured as a Server and there can be one or ma ny
Clients. To establish sync hronization betwee n transceivers, the Server emits a beacon. Upon
detecting a beacon, a Client transceiver informs its Host and a RF link is established.
CL4424s implement a pr oprietary communication protocol to provide secure data transmissions.
Using FHSS technology, the data r emains reliable over long distances. The us e of license free
frequency bands ensures that the units are ready to use with no further certification
requirements.
Each unit is small and easily portable for use in mobile and temporary settings as well as for fixed
installations. The CL4424 configuration software enables cu stom configurations based on unique
application requirements.
6/21/2005 5
CL4424 User’s Manual
1.2 CL4424 Specification
Specifications CL4424
TRANSCEIVER PERFORMANCE
Output power (w/ 3dBi antenna) 100mW
Transmission range Up to 500 feet (450m) indoors; Up to 1 mile (1.6 km) line-of-sight
Data rate Up to 115.2 Kbps
RF Data Rate 576kbps fixed
Receiver Sensitivity -100dBm typical @ 576kbps RF Data Rate
Power Consumption (@ 12 Vdc) 102mA (50% Tran smit/Recei ve duty cycle)
Configuration software Easy-to-use Windows based software
NETWORKING AND SECURITY
Frequency band, RF Technology 2402 – 2478MHz, FH SS
Supported Network Topologies Point-to-Point, Point- to-Multipoint
Channels 40 US/Canada/Europe, 20 France
Security One byte System ID
ANTENNA
RF Connector RPSMA Jack
Type 1/2 Wave Dipole
ELECTRICAL
Electrical requ irements Line voltage 10 0 – 120V (240V outside US);
Power supply 6-foot cable, AC power connector
ENVIRONMENTAL
Environmental c onditions Operating temp erature -40° to +80°C; 10% to 90% humidity (non-condensing)
PHYSICAL
Dimensions 4.4 x 2.7 x 1.4 inc hes
Weight 6 oz (170 g)
Serial Connector DB-9 Male (RS-232), Terminal B lock (RS-485)
Power Jack Dimensions 0.100” diamet er pin with 0.25 0” diameter op en ing. Center positive.
Serial Cord length 6 feet (183 cm)
6/21/2005 6
CL4424 User’s Manual
1.3 CL4424 Interface
CL4424 transceivers support RS-232/ RS-485 (2-wire Half Duplex) prot ocols. In a cabled
environment, the RS-4 85 protocol can tolerate high noise and push signals over long cable
lengths. RS-485 cabling can also communicate as far as 4000 feet (1200m) and offer multi-drop
capability where up to 32 nodes can be connected. RS-232 cabling is suitable for distances le ss
than 100 feet (30.5m) and only supports point-to-point com munications. CL4424 transceivers
offer performance impr ovements over a standard ca bled link. Distance a nd multipoint
communications ar e greatly enhanced. A sel ection of RS-232/RS-48 5 ca n be made when
ordering the CL4424s.
Figure 1- RS-232/RS-485 CL4424 Front View
Status LEDs
RPSMA Antenna Connector
Pwr Link Rx Tx
CL4424 Status LEDs
LED Color Description
Pwr Green On indicates that the unit is powered up.
On indicates the Client unit(s) and Server unit are in range of one
Link Red
another. Link LED remains activated on Server units. Client units
activate the Link LED when in range of the Server unit.
Rx Green When flashing, LED indicates CL4424 unit is r eceiving data.
Tx Red When and flashing, LED indicates CL4424 unit is sending data.
6/21/2005 7
CL4424 User’s Manual
RS-232 Pin Assignments
15
69
Figure 2- RS-232 CL4424 Back View
Power ConnectorDB9 Male Connector
Input /
Pin Description
1
DCD
Output
O
2TxD O
3RxD I
4DSR O
5GND
6DTR I
7CTS O
8RTS I
9 RI O
RS-485 (2-wire Half Duplex) Terminal Bloc k Pin Assi g n m ents
Figure 3- RS-485 CL4424 Back View
Terminal Block
Power Connector
PinDescription
–
2 485- (485B)
3 No Connect
16
Note: Standard power is applied through the power connector. Alternative power is available via
the terminal block pins.
4 No Connect
5 485+ (485A)
6GND
6/21/2005 8
CL4424 User’s Manual
CL4424 Mechanical Diagram
Figure 4- CL4424 Mechanical Diagram
1.170
0.536
0.060
0.000
2.750
2.375
9 Pin Male D-Connector
Power Jack w/ 0.100 dia. pin and
0.250 opening, pin is PWR.
0.375
Antenna Connector
SMA Jack, Reverse Polarity
0.538
Side View
Label Recess, 3.5w x 2.0h
0.150 dia. mounting holes
(4) places
2.000
J3
Status LEDs
J4
Pwr Link Rx Tx
0.000
Top View
0.250
0.565
Note: All dimension in inches unless noted
4.185
4.500
4.750
0.000
6/21/2005 9
CL4424 User’s Manual
2. Interfacing Protocol
The CL4424 is a DCE (Data Communications Equipment). A DCE can be inter faced to a DTE
using a straight through serial cable (the ser ial cable provided wi th the CL4424 is a straight
through cable). Typically, PC’s are defined as a DTE and peripherals are defined as DCE. To
interface a DCE with another DCE, or a DTE with another DTE, a null modem (or a Crossover)
cable is required. The null modem simply swaps pins to convert a DCE to a DTE and vice-versa.
A null modem cable can be provided with the CL4424 on request.
The CL4424 transceiv ers support the followin g interface protocols
• RS-232
• RS-485 (2-wire) Half Duplex
Table 1 – DTE, DC E and Null Modem Sig n a l Definitions
DCE Pin
Number
1 DCD O 1 DCD I 1 NC
2 TXD O 2 RXD I 2 3
3 RXD I 3 TXD O 3 2
4 DTR I 4 DTR O 4 6
5 GND 5 GND 5 5
6 DSR O 6 DSR I 6 4
7 RTS I 7 RTS O 7 8
8 CTS O 8 CTS I 8 7
9 RI O 9 RI I 9 NC
DCE Signal
Name
DCE
Direction
DTE Pin
Number
DTE Signal
Name
DTE
Direction
Null Modem
Female DB9
Null Modem
Male DB9
6/21/2005 10
CL4424 User’s Manual
S
S
G
C
C
SR
SR
R
2.1 RS-232
RS-232 is a single ended data transmission protocol. The RS-232 signals are rep resented by
voltage levels with respect to a system commo n (power / logic ground). The "idle" state (MARK)
has the signal level negativ e with respect to common, and the " active" state (SPACE) has the
signal level positive with respect to common. RS-232 has numerous handshaking lines (primarily
used with modems), and also specifies a communications protocol.
Note: The Straight Through Cable pr ovided with the CL4424 has female connectors on both
ends and the Crossover cable has a male connector at one end and a female connector at the
other end. Please use a ma le-to-male adapter or femal e-to-fem a le adapter wherever required.
Using a null modem adapter with a Crossover cable is equivalent to using a Strai ght Through
cable.
2.2 RS-485 (2-wire Half Duplex)
The RS-485 interface uses a Differential Data Transmission that can help nullify the effects of
ground shifts and induced noise signals that can appear as common mode voltages on a
network.
The CL4424 implem ents a RS-485 (2-wire Ha l f Duplex) multi-drop in terface. Typically, a RS-485
bus will consist of a master and several slaves. The nodes will have unique addresses and can
send addressed packets to specific nodes. Because the bus is half duplex, no two nodes should
try to talk at the same time. The CL4424 does not have a RS-485 address, therefor e, it will
transmit all RS-485 tra ffic over the RF. Conversely, as soon as a CL4424 receives a packet over
the RF, it will transmit the packet over the RS-485 bus.
Note: When using RS-485 (2-wire Half Duplex), a RS-485 to RS-232 convert er is required to
configure the unit. Aer o Comm recommends a B&B Electronics 4WSD9R converter to translate
RS-485 to RS-232.
6/21/2005 13
CL4424 User’s Manual
2.3 Hardware Flow Control
Often, the host device ca n send data to the CL4424 faster than it can be sen t over the RF. The
CL4424 has a 256 byte buffer to store data before sending it over the RF. If the host device is
sending data faster than the CL4424 can send it out, eventually, the buffer will fil l up. If the host
device continues to send data while the CL4424 buffer is full, that data will be discarded. To
avoid this situation, the CL4424 will de-assert CTS as a warning that the buffer is filling. The host
device should stop sending data. When the CL4424 is able to free some buffer space, it will
assert CTS and the host device ca n continue sending data. Similarly, if RTS is enabled in the
CL4424, the host device can throttle the CL4424 by de-asserting RTS. No te: CT S is always
enabled by default. RS-485 Interface do es not support Hardware flow control and RTS mode
should not be enabled on a RS-485 CL4424.
6/21/2005 14
CL4424 User’s Manual
y
y
3. Network Topologies
Topology refers to the shape of a network, or the netw ork's layout. How different nodes in a
network are connected to each other and how they co mmunicate is determined by the network's
topology. The CL4424s support a Point-to-Point and a Point-to-Multipoi nt network topology.
3.1 Point-to-Point
A point-to-point system is a simple arrangement consi sting of just two CL4424s - a Server and a
Client. Sometimes referred to as a wireless bridge, a point-to-point link replaces a single
communications cable. A point-to-point link might be used to connect a PLC to a rem ote
monitoring station.
Figure 8- Point-to-Point Network
OEM HOST
(Remote Monitoring
Station)
Server
Client
OEM HOST
(PLC)
3.2 Point-to-Multipoint
Point-to-Multipoint systems have one base station, or access point, that controls communications
with all of the other wireless nodes in the network. This allo ws for the creation of a wireless
network consisting of multiple nodes. By programming each CL4424 with a network specific
Channel Number and Sy stem ID multiple networ k s can be created as shown below.
Figure 9- Multiple Net wor ks of Point-to-Multipoint CL 4424s
Example: Chann el N umber = 23
S
stem ID = 123
Example: Chann el N umber = 25
S
stem ID = 256
6/21/2005 15
CL4424 User’s Manual
4. CL4424 Configuration Utility Software
AeroComm provides the easy to use CL4424 Utility Software for programming the CL4424. The
software is compatible w ith Microsoft® Windows 95, 9 8, 2000, Me, NT and XP. CL4424s are
plug-and-play devices that work with minimal or no configuration.
Advanced users may refer to the AC4424 User’s Manual for more details about the radio’s
operation and additional configuration options. The SDK Software can be used to enable and
demonstrate these options. The SDK Software and AC4424 User’s man ual can be found on the
Connex Tools and Literature CD or on the website at http://www.aerocomm.com/
4.1 Installation
1. Locate the CL4424 Configuration Utility, 900 MHz link in the Software section of the Connex Tools
& Literature CD. This software is also available at
2. When prompted, sele ct the directory where the program files will be installed.
3. When finished, a window will be displayed indicating a successful installa tion. Click OK.
.
4.2 CL4424 Settings
The CL4424 Settings Page is shown below, as it will appear the first time the
program is run.
.
6/21/2005 16
CL4424 User’s Manual
4.2.1 ConnexLink Settings
Client/Server: Designates CL4424 type. In each network, there must be only one Serv er. All
other CL4424 units must be programmed as Clients. The number of Clients in the network is not
limited; however, if performance diminishes due to the number of CL4424s that need to access
the network, consider additional RF Networks.
nterface Baud Rate: This defines the baud rate used for comm unicating with the CL4424 over
I
the serial interface. The RF baud rate is fixed at 576kbps and is independent of the Interface
Baud Rate. The default baud rate setting is 115,200 bps unless th e units have been preconfigured by AeroComm. The Interface Baud Rate setting of the CL4424 must match the Baud
Rate setting of its host device.
Random Back Off: In an asynchronous network where any node can talk at any time, the
CL4424 can be programmed to use Random Back Off to mitigate the RF Link. If two nodes try to
send packets at the sam e time, the packets will col lide over the RF and will not be received by
the destination node. If Random Back Off is enabled when this occurs, both radios will generate
a random amount of time (in 8ms increments) to wait before retrying.
Channel N
designates a unique hopping sequence and constitutes an independent network of CL4424
units. Up to 40 independent networks can be crea ted (up to 20 in France). Mul tiple Servers
operating in the same coverage area must
prevent inoperability of the networks. The valid range of values for this field is 0 to 39.
umber: The CL4424 is a frequency hopping transceiver. Each Channel Number
be programmed with different Channel Numbers to
Table 1 – US and International RF Channel Number Settings
Channel
Set
Max Transmit Retries (For all Client s and for Servers in Point-to-Point networks): This value
represents the maximum number of times a particular data packet will be transmitted
unsuccessfully, or without an acknowledgement, before the CL4424 discards the packet. The
default value is 16 attempts. If communication is lost and the Client’s Link LED is on, try
increasing this value in small increments until communication is reestablished. The val id range
of values for this field is 0 to 255.
Broadcast Attempts (For Serv ers in Point-to-Multipoint networks): This value represents the
number of times a data packet will be transmitt ed by the Poi nt-to-Multipoint Server. The default
value is 4 attempts. If communication is lost and th e Clients’ Link LED is on, try increasing this
value in small increments until communication is reestablished. The va lid range of values for this
field is 0 to 255.
RF Channel Number
Range
1 0 – 19 2406 – 2435MHz US,Canad a, Europe, France
2 20 – 39 2444 – 2472MHzUS, Canada, Europe
Frequency RangeCountries
stem Identification:A number from 0 to 256 that provides added security to each independent
Sy
network of CL4424 units. The System ID serves as an RF password to maintain secure transfers
of data. The System ID will not
with the same Channel Number in the same coverage area.
Important Note
units in a given CL4424 netw ork must have identical Channel Numbers and System IDs.
6/21/2005 17
: Collocated CL4424 networks must operate on different Channel Numbers. All
prevent inoperability that occurs from loca ting multiple Server s
CL4424 User’s Manual
Destination Address: Programmed in the Point-to-Point Serv er, Destination Address is th e MAC
Address of the CL4424 Client. Used to optimize Point-to-Point communicatio ns by utilizing RF
Acknowledgement.
RF Delivery: Shows if the CL4424 is configured in Broadcast mode or Addressed mode. This is
controlled by the Sys tem Config selection that was made when the CL 4424 was configured.
irmware Version :Displa ys the CL4424’s firmware version.
F
AC Address: A unique 6 Byte, IEEE 802.3 Ethernet address assigned by AeroComm to each
M
CL4424.
4.2.2 Optional Settings
RTS Enable: Enables the Request To Send control line. W h en enabled, enables Ha rdware Flow
Control. Refer to Section 2.3 Hardware Flow Control.
ull Duplex: This mode restricts Client radios to transmitting on odd numbered frequ ency hop
F
bins and the Server to even numbered frequency hop bins. Though the RF hardware is still
technically half duplex, it makes the transceiver seem full duplex. This ca n cause overall
throughputs to be cut in half. Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same
setting for Full Duplex .
4.2.3 PC Settings
Port: On startup, the software will search the Wind ows Registry to locate all serial
communications ports. It will designate ea ch port it finds by displaying the full Windows identifier
for the port. Select the port that is connected to the CL 4424 unit.
aud Rate: Must be equal to the Inter f ace Baud Rate setting of the CL4424 unit that is to be
B
configured.
ystem Config: Type of CL4424 networ k to be configured. Valid choices are Point-to-Point (one
S
Server and one Client) or Point-to-Multipoint (one Server and multiple Clients).
Attention: When setting up a Point-to-Point network the Server’s Destination address must be
programmed with the Client’s MAC Address.
4.2.4 Additional Features
Show Defaults: When this button is clicked, the default values will be shown for all the
ConnexLink Settings parameters.
Save File: This will save all the ConnexLink Settings parameters to a file.
Load File: This will load a previously saved file and put all the values from that file into the
ConnexLink Settings parameters.
6/21/2005 18
CL4424 User’s Manual
4.3 Programming The CL4424 units
1. Connect a CL4424 unit to the serial communications port on the PC.
2. Connect the power supply to the CL4424 unit. Make s ure the Pwr LED is on.
3. Start the CL4424 Configuration Utility.
4. Select the COM Port that is connected to the CL4424 unit on the PC Settings section.
5. Select the Interface Baud Rate of the CL4424 unit. All CL4424 units a re shipped with a
default rate of 115,200 bps (unless units have been pre-configured to match specific serial
settings). If the Interface Baud Rate of the CL4424 unit is changed as described in Section
4.2 Changing CL4424 Settings, then PC Se tting Baud Rate must be set to the same Baud
Rate to allow proper programming of the un its.
6. Select the System Configuration for the CL4424 network, Point-to-Point (one Server a n d one
Client) or Point-to-Multipoint (one Server and multiple Clients).
7. Select R ead Radio to display the current settings of the CL4424 unit.
8. Change desired settings.
9. After all changes have been made, select Write Radio to save the changes.
10. Cycle Power to the unit after all changes has been saved. This wil l set the CL4424 unit to its
normal mode of operation.
6/21/2005 19
CL4424 User’s Manual
5. Troubleshooting
Problem Solution
Read Radio displays error message: “Radio not
responding.”
Write Radio displays error message: “Radio not
responding.”
Garbled Data received. 1. Verify that the baud rate of the CL4424 matches
Client’s Link LED does not come on. 1. Make sure the unit is connected to power.
1. Verify the PC Settings. See Section 4.2.3 PC
Settings.
2. Make sure the CL4424 unit uses the right serial
cable. Refer to Section 2.1 RS-232.
3. If any other program is running and is using the
same COM port as the CL4424, close that
program and try to read the radio again.
4. Reset the radio by cycl ing power after each
unsuccessful Read.
1. Cycle power to the radio.
2. Read the radio and make desired changes and
then Write the radio.
that of the CL4424 host device.
2. Cycle power to the radio.
3. Verify the Channel Number and System ID
settings.
Link LED is on, but data does not get transmitted or
received.
1. Make sure the CL4424 unit(s) is connected to
the correct COM Port.
2. Check the COM port settings for correct Baud
Rate. Units can have transmission errors with
Flow Control set to Xon/Xoff.
3. Try increasing the Maximum Transmit Attempts
(for Clients) and/or Broadcast Attempts (for
Servers) values in small increments until
communication is established.
4. Connect a Null Modem adapter between the
Client and its host dev ice.
5. Check the Destination Address setting.
If these troubleshooting tips do not resolve the problem, please call our toll free number at:
(800) 492-2320, extension 207. Technical support hours are Monday through Friday , 8:00 am to
5:00 pm Central Standar d Time.
6/21/2005 20
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