AeroComm AC4424 100 Users Manual

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Page 1

AC4424

AC4424AC4424

2.4 GHz OEM TRANSCEIVERS

2.4 GHz OEM TRANSCEIVERS2.4 GHz OEM TRANSCEIVERS

Specifications Subject to Change

Specifications Subject to ChangeSpecifications Subject to Change

User’s Manual

User’s ManualUser’s Manual

Version 1.5

Version 1.5Version 1.5

10981 EICHER DRIVE

10981 EICHER DRIVE10981 EICHER DRIVE

LENEXA, KS 66219

LENEXA, KS 66219LENEXA, KS 66219

(800) 492

(800) 492----2320

(800) 492(800) 492

www.aerocomm.com

www.aerocomm.comwww.aerocomm.com

wireless@a

wireless@aerocomm.com

wireless@awireless@a

2320

23202320

erocomm.com

erocomm.comerocomm.com

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DOCUMENT INFORMATION

DOCUMENT INFORMATIONDOCUMENT INFORMATION

CopyrightCopyright Information

Information

InformationInformation

This material is preliminary

This material is preliminaryThis material is preliminary Information furnished by A

by A

EROCOMM are covered by the warranty and patent indemnification provisions appearing in its

Terms of Sale only. A description, regardi ng th e in formation set forth he rein . A specifications at any time and without notice.

EROCOMM’s products are intended for use in normal commercial and industrial applications.

Applications requiring unusual environmental requirements such as military, medical life-support or life-sustaining equipment are specifically not recommended without additional testing for such application.

EROCOMM, Inc. AEROCOMM, Inc. reserves the right to make

A periodic modifications of this product with ou t obli ga ti on to n oti fy any person or enti ty of su ch revision. Copying, du plicating, selling, or otherwise distributing any part of this product without the pri or consen t of a n a u th ori zed representative of A

All brands and produ ct names in this pu bl i cation are registe re d trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.

EROCOMM in this specification is believed to be accurate. Devices sold

EROCOMM makes no warranty, express, statutory, and i mplied or by

EROCOMM, Inc. is prohibited.

EROCOMM rese rves t he ri ght to c hange

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DOCUMENT INFORMATION

DOCUMENT INFORMATIONDOCUMENT INFORMATION

Revision

Revision Description

RevisionRevision

Version 1.0 11/7/2001 – Initial Release Version Version 1.1 Version 1.2 Version 1.3 Version 1.4 Version 1.5

Description

DescriptionDescription

10/14/2002 – Not Released 10/18/2002 – Full release of AC4424 specification 11/19/2002 – Made Full-Duplex incompatible with Stream Mode 12/09/2002 – Changed Sub Hop Adjust setting recommendations 1/30/2003 – Removed all references to Commercial and Industrial temperature. All products are no w Ind ustrial te mperat ure. C hanged S ectio n 4.2.1 EEPROM Byte Read allow multiple byte reads.

4.2.1 EEPROM Byte Read to

4.2.1 EEPROM Byte Read4.2.1 EEPROM Byte Read

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FCC INFORMATION

Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.

FCC INFORMATION

FCC INFORMATIONFCC INFORMATION

Agency App

Agency Approval Overview

Agency AppAgency App

Part Number

Part Number US/FCC

Part NumberPart Number AC4424-10 X X X X X X AC4424-100 X X X X-32cm* X-32cm* AC4424-200 X X X-32cm* X-32cm*

* See RF Exposure warning on next page Note: The product approvals above are with antennas specified below.

Agency Identification Numbers

Agency Identification NumbersAgency Identification Numbers

Part Number

Part Number US/FCC

Part NumberPart Number AC4424-10 KQL-PKLR2400 CAN2268391158A X AC4424-100 X X X AC4424-200 KQL-PKLR2400-200 CAN2268391180A

FCC Notice

FCC NoticeFCC Notice

roval Overview

roval Overviewroval Overview

US/FCC CAN/IC

US/FCCUS/FCC

US/FCC CAN/IC

US/FCCUS/FCC

CAN/IC EUR/EN

CAN/ICCAN/IC

EUR/EN Portable

EUR/ENEUR/EN

CAN/IC EUR/EN

CAN/ICCAN/IC

Portable Mobile

PortablePortable

Mobile Fixed

MobileMobile

EUR/EN

EUR/ENEUR/EN

Fixed

FixedFixed

WARNING:

WARNING: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the

WARNING: WARNING:

following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interferen ce rec eived, i ncluding interference that may cause undesired operation.

Labeling Requirements

Labeling RequirementsLabeling Requirements

WARNING:

WARNING: The Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) must ensure that FCC labeling

WARNING: WARNING:

requirements are met. This includes a clearly visible label on the outside of the OEM enclosure specifying the appropriate AeroComm FCC identifier for this product as well as the FCC Notice above. The FCC identifiers are listed above in the Agency Identifier Numbers section.

Antenna Warning

Antenna WarningAntenna Warning

WARNING:

WARNING: This device has been tested with an MMCX connector with the antennas listed

WARNING: WARNING:

below. When integrated in the OEMs product, these fixed antennas require installation preventing end-users from replacing them with non-approved antennas. Any antenna not in the following table must be tested to comply with FCC Section 15.203 for unique antenna connectors and Section 15.247 for emissions.

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FCC INFORMATION

FCC INFORMATIONFCC INFORMATION

Approved Antenna List

Approved Antenna ListApproved Antenna List

100

Gain

Gain Gain

Item

Item Part Number

Part Number Mfg.

ItemItem

Part NumberPart Number

1 S131CL-5-RMM-2450S Nearson 1/4 Wave Dipole 2 MF MF

2 S191FL-5-RMM-2450S Nearson 5/8 Wave Dipole 3 PMF MF MF

Mfg. Type

Mfg.Mfg.

Type

TypeType

(dBi)

(dBi)(dBi)

AC4424X

200

AC4424X

P=Portable, M=Mobile, F=Fi xe d/Base st ati on

P=Portable, M=Mobile, F=Fi xe d/Base st ati onP=Portable, M=Mobile, F=Fi xe d/Base st ati on

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FCC INFORMATION

FCC INFORMATIONFCC INFORMATION

RF Exposure AC4424

RF Exposure AC4424----10

RF Exposure AC4424RF Exposure AC4424

WARNING:

WARNING: To comply with FCC RF Exposure requirements, the Original Equipment

WARNING: WARNING:

RF Exposure AC4424

RF Exposure AC4424----100

RF Exposure AC4424RF Exposure AC4424

WARNING:

WARNING: To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements for mobile and base station

WARNING: WARNING:

1010

Manufacturer (OEM) must ensure that Antennas 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 in the previous table must be installed and/or configured to operate with a separation distance of 20cm or more from all persons to satisfy RF Exposure compliance.

The preceding statement must be included as a CAUTION statement in manuals for products operating with Antennas 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 in the previous table to alert users on FCC RF Exposure compliance.

100

100100

transmitting devices, a separation distance of 20cm or more should be maintained between the antenna of this device and persons during operation. To ensure compliance, operations at closer than this distance is not recommended.

The preceding statement must be included as a CAUTION statement in manuals for OEM products to alert users on FCC RF Exposure compliance.

RF Exposure AC4424

RF Exposure AC4424----200

RF Exposure AC4424RF Exposure AC4424

WARNING:

WARNING: To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements for mobile and base station

WARNING: WARNING:

200

200200

transmitting devices, a separation distance of 32cm or more should be maintained between the antenna of this device and persons during operation. To ensure compliance, operations at closer than this distance is not recommended.

The preceding statement must be included as a CAUTION statement in manuals for OEM products to alert users on FCC RF Exposure compliance.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTS

OVERVIEW

1.1.

2. AC4424 SPEC IF ICA T ION

2.2.

3. SPECIFICATIONS

3.3.

3.1 INTERFACE SIGNAL DEFINITIONS.............................................................................................. 11

3.2 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS.................................................................................................. 12

3.3 SYSTEM TIMING...................................................................................................................... 12

4. CONFIGURING THE AC44

4.4.

4.1 EEPROM PARAMETERS......................................................................................................... 14

4.2 EEPROM CONFIGURATION COMMANDS.................................................................................. 15

4.3 ON-THE-FLY CONTROL COMMAND REFERENCE......................................................................... 17

OVERVIEW................................

OVERVIEWOVERVIEW

AC4424 SPECIF ICA T IONSSSS................................

AC4424 SPECIF ICA T IONAC4424 SPECIF ICA T ION

SPECIFICATIONS................................

SPECIFICATIONSSPECIFICATIONS

3.3.1 Serial Interface Data Rate............................................................................................ 12

3.3.2 Latency Times.............................................................................................................. 12

3.3.3 Maximum Overall System Throughput........................................................................ 12

CONFIGURING THE AC4424

CONFIGURING THE AC44CONFIGURING THE AC44

4.2.1 EEPROM Byte Read .................................................................................................... 16

4.2.2 EEPROM Byte Write..................................................................................................... 16

4.2.3 EEPROM Exit Configuration Command...................................................................... 16

4.3.1 Status Request............................................................................................................. 17

4.3.2 Change Channel with Forced Acquisition Sync.......................................................... 17

4.3.3 Server/Client Command.............................................................................................. 18

4.3.4 Power-Down Command ..............................................................................................18

4.3.5 Power-Down Wake-Up Command............................................................................... 19

4.3.6 Broadcast Mode .......................................................................................................... 19

4.3.7 Read Static Bank #1 Byte........................................................................................... 19

4.3.8 Write Static Bank #1 Bytes.......................................................................................... 20

4.3.9 Read Static Bank #2 Bytes.......................................................................................... 20

4.3.10 Write Static Bank #2 Bytes.......................................................................................... 21

4.3.11 Write Destination Address ........................................................................................... 21

4.3.12 Read Destination Address........................................................................................... 21

4.3.13 Temperature Update.................................................................................................... 22

................................................................

24 ................................

................................................................

2424

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..............................................................

................................................................

..........................................................

................................................................

........................................................

................................................................

...........................................

................................................................

........................9999

................................................

..............................10

............................................................

...........11

......................

..........................14

....................................................

1010 11

1111

1414

5. THEORY OF OPERATION

5.5.

5.1 HARDWARE INTERFACE ...........................................................................................................23

5.2 SOFTWARE PARAMETERS........................................................................................................25

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THEORY OF OPERATION................................

THEORY OF OPERATIONTHEORY OF OPERATION

5.1.1 TXD (Transmit Data) and RXD (Receive Data) (pins 2 and 3 respectively)................. 23

5.1.2 Hop Frame (pin 6)........................................................................................................ 23

5.1.3 CTS Handshaking (pin 7)............................................................................................ 23

5.1.4 RTS Handshaking (pin 8).............................................................................................23

5.1.5 9600 Baud/Packet Frame (pin 12)............................................................................... 24

5.1.6 RSSI (pin 13)................................................................................................................ 24

5.1.7 Wr_Ena (EEPROM Write Enable) (pin 14)................................................................... 25

5.1.8 UP_Reset (pin 15)........................................................................................................ 25

5.1.9 Command/Data (pin 17).............................................................................................. 25

5.1.10 In Range (pin 20)......................................................................................................... 25

5.2.1 RF Architecture (Server-Client/Peer-to-Peer)............................................................... 25

5.2.2 RF Mode ......................................................................................................................26

5.2.3 Sub Hop Adjust............................................................................................................ 27

5.2.4 Duplex Mode................................................................................................................ 27

................................................................

...............................................................

................................................................

...............................23

..............................................................

2323

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5.2.5 Interface Timeout/RF Packet Size................................................................................ 27

5.2.6 Serial Interface Baud Rate........................................................................................... 28

5.2.7 Network Topology .......................................................................................................28

5.2.8 Auto Config.................................................................................................................. 29

6. APPLICA

6.6.

7. DIMENSIONS

7.7.

8. ORDERING IN FOR MA T ION

8.8.

8.1 PRODUCT PART NUMBERS ......................................................................................................32

8.2 DEVELOPER KIT PART NUMBERS.............................................................................................. 32

Figures

FiguresFigures

Figure 1 – RSSI Voltage vs. Received Signal Strength..................................................................24

Figure 2 – AC4424 with MMCX...................................................................................................... 31

Tables

TablesTables

Table 1 – Pin Definitions.................................................................................................................11

Table 2 – DC Input Voltage Characteristics................................................................................... 12

Table 3 – DC Output Voltage Characteristics................................................................................12

Table 4 – Maximum Overall System Throughputs......................................................................... 13

Table 5 – EEPROM Parameters..................................................................................................... 14

Table 6 – Static Memory Address Map.......................................................................................... 17

Table 7 – Sub Hop Adjust Settings................................................................................................ 27

Table 8 – Baud Rate.......................................................................................................................28

Table 9 – US and International RF Channel Number Settings...................................................... 29

Table 10 – Auto Config Parameters............................................................................................... 29

APPLICATION EXAMPLES

APPLICAAPPLICA

DIMENSIONS................................

DIMENSIONSDIMENSIONS

ORDERING INFORMATION................................

ORDERING INFO RM AT IO NORDERING INFO RM AT IO N

TION EXAMPLES ................................

TION EXAMPLESTION EXAMPLES

................................................................

..............................................................

................................................................

..................................................

................................................................

.............................................................

................................................................

..............................30

............................................................

..................31

....................................

.............................32

..........................................................

3030 31

3131 32

3232

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AC4424 Specifications

AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications

AC4424 Features

AC4424 FeaturesAC4424 Features

 Simple 5V TTL level serial interface for fast integration  Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum for security and interference rejection  Cost Efficient for high volume applications  Low power consumption for battery powered implementations  Small size for portable and enclosed applications  Very Low latency and high throughput  Industrial temperature ( - 40°C to 80°C)

1. Overview

Overview

1.1.

OverviewOverview

The AC4424 is a member of AeroComm’s ConnexRF OEM transceiver family. It is designed for integration into OEM systems operating under FCC part 15.247 regulations for the 2.4 GHz ISM band.

The AC4424 is a cost-effective, High performance, 2.4 GHz frequency hopping spread spectrum transceiver. It provides an asynchronous TTL level se rial interfac e for OEM Host communi cations. Communications include both system and configuration data. The Host supplies system data for transmission to other Host(s). Configuration data is stored in an on-board EEPROM. All frequency hopping, synchronization, and RF system data transmission/reception is performed by the transceiver.

The AC4424 transceivers can be used as a direct serial cable replacement – requiring no special Host software for operation. They also feature a number of On-the-Fly Control Commands providing the OEM Host with a very versatile interface for any situation.

AC4424 transceivers operate in a Point-to-Point or Point-to-Multipoint, Client-Server or Peer-to-Peer architecture. One transceiver is configured as a Server and there can be one or many Clients. To establish synchronization between transceivers, the Server emits a beacon. Upon detecting a beacon, a Client transceiver informs its Host and a RF link is established.

There are two data rates the OEM should be aware of:

• Serial Interface Data Rate – All transceivers can be configured to comm o n PC serial port baud rates from 110 bps to 288,000 bps.

• Effective Data Transmission Rate – The AC4424 is a highly efficient, low-latency transceiver.

This document contains information about the hardware and software interface between an AeroComm AC4424 transceiver and an OEM Host. Information includes the theory of operation, specifications, interface definition, configuration information and mechanical drawing.

The OEM is responsible for ensu ring t he fin al produc t mee ts all FCC and/o r appropriat e reg ulatory agency requirements listed herein before selling any product.

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AC4424 Specifications

AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications

2. AC4424 Specification

AC4424 Specificationssss

2.2.

AC4424 SpecificationAC4424 Specification

GENERAL

GENERALGENERAL

Interface 20 pin mini-connector Serial Interface Data Rate PC baud rates from 110 bps to 288,000 bps Power Consumption ( typic al) Duty Cycle (TX=Transmit; RX=Receive)

10%TX AC4424-10: 90mA 115mA 140mA 85mA 15mA AC4424-100: 100mA 160mA 235mA 85mA 15mA

AC4424-200: 115mA 235mA 385mA 85mA 15mA Channels (used to create indep endent net wor ks) 4 channel sets consisting of 16 c hannels each Security One byte System ID

RADIO

RADIORADIO

Frequency Band US/Canada: 2.402 – 2.478 GHz

Radio Type Frequency Hopping Spread Spec trum Output Power (conducted, no antenna) AC4424-10, 10mW typical

Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP with 3dBi gain antenna)

Voltage 5V nominal ±2%, ±50mV ripple Sensitivity -90dBm typical Range (based on 3dBi gain antenna)

ENVIRONMENTAL

ENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL

Temperature (Operating) Industrial: AC4424: -40°C to 80°C Temperature (Storage) -50°C to +85°C Humidity (non-condensing) 10% to 90%

PHYSICAL

PHYSICALPHYSICAL

Dimensions 1.65” x 2.65” x 0.20” Antenna AC4424-10, MMCX Jack

Weight Less than 0.75 ounce

France: 2.448 – 2.457 GHz

AC4424-100, 50mW typical

AC4424-200, 200mW typical

AC4424-10, 20mW typical

AC4424-100, 100mW typical

AC4424-200, 400mW typical

AC4424-10, Indoors to 300 ft., Outdoors to 3000 ft.

AC4424-100, Indoors to 400 ft., Outdoors to 6000 ft.

AC4424-200, Indoors to 500 ft., Outdoors to 10000 ft.

AC4424-100, MMCX Jack

AC4424-200, MMCX Jack

Duty Cycle (TX=Transmit; RX=Receive)

Duty Cycle (TX=Transmit; RX=Receive)Duty Cycle (TX=Transmit; RX=Receive) 10%TX 50%TX

10%TX10%TX

50%TX 100%TX

50%TX50%TX

100%TX 100%RX

100%TX100%TX

100%RX Pwr

100%RX100%RX

Pwr----Down

Down

PwrPwr

DownDown

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AC4424 Specifications

AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications

3. Specifications

Specifications

3.3.

SpecificationsSpecifications

3.1

3.1 IIIINTERFACE

3.13.1

NTERFACE S

NTERFACE NTERFACE

SIGNAL

IGNAL D

IGNAL IGNAL

DEFINITIONS

EFINITIONS

EFINITIONSEFINITIO N S

The AC4424 has a simple interface that allows OEM Host communications with the transceiver. Table 1 –––– Pin Definitions

Pin Definitions, shows the connector pin numbers and associated functions. The I/O direction is with

Pin Definitions Pin Definitions

Table 1

Table 1 Table 1

regard to the transceiver. All I/O is 5 VDC TTL level si gnals except for RSS I. All inputs are w eakly pulled High and may be left floating during normal operation.

Table

Table 1111 –––– Pin Definitions

Table Table

Pin Type

PinPin

10 PWR VCC 5V ± 2%, ± 50mV ripple 11 PWR VCC 5V ± 2%, ±50 mV ripple 12 I/O 9600_BAUD/

13 O RSSI Received Signal Strength - An analog output giving a relative indication of received signal

14 I WR_ENA EEPROM Write Enable – When pulled logic Low, it allows the Host to write the on-board

15 I UP_RESET RESET – Controlled by the AC4424 for power-on reset if left unconnected. After a Stable

16 GND GND Signal Ground 17 I Command/Data When logic Low, transcei ver interp rets Ho st data as command da ta. When lo gic Hig h,

18 NC No Connect 19 NC No Connect 20 O IN_RANGE In Range – Active Low when a Client radio is in range of a Server on same Channel with the same

Type Signal Name

TypeType

1 NC No Connect 2 O TXD Transmitted data out of the trans ceive r 3 I RXD Data input to the transce iver 4 NC No Connect 5 GND GND Signal Ground 6 O Hop Frame HOP FRAME – Active Low when the transceiver is hopping. 7 O CTS Clear to Se nd – Active Low when the transceiv er is rea dy to acce pt data fo r transmissio n. 8 I RTS Request to Send – When enabled in EEPROM, active Low when the OEM Host is ready to

9 NC No Connect

Signal Name Function

Signal NameSignal Name

accept data from the transceiver. NOTE: Keeping RTS High for too long can cause data loss.

9600_BAUD – When pulled logic Low before applying power or resetting the transceiver’s

Packet Frame

serial interface is forced to a 9600, 8, N, 1 rate. To exit, transceiver must be reset or powercycled with 9600_Baud logic High. Packet Frame – When programmed in EEPROM, Packet Frame will transition logic Low at the start of a received RF pa cket and transi tion log ic High a t the compl etion o f the packet.

strength while in Receive Mode

EEPROM. Resetting the transce iver with this p in pulle d Low may c orrupt EEPROM d ata.

power-on (50ms) a 50us logic High pulse will reset the AC4424. Do not power-up the transceiver with this pin tied Lo w.

transceiver interprets H ost data as transmit data.

System ID.

Pin Definitions

Pin DefinitionsPin Definitions

Function

FunctionFunction

I = Input to the transceiver O = Output from the transceiver

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AC4424 Specifications

AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications

3.2

3.2 EEEELECTRICAL

3.23.2

LECTRICAL S

LECTRICAL LECTRICAL

Pin Type

Type Name

PinPin

TypeType 3 I RXD 0.2Vcc+0.9 Vcc+0.5 -0.5 0.2Vcc-0.1 V 8 I RTS 0.2Vcc+0.9 Vcc+0.5 -0.5 0.2Vcc-0.1 V

12 I 9600_Baud 0.2Vcc+0.9 Vcc+0.5 -0.5 0.2Vcc-0.1 V 14 I WR_ENA 0.7Vcc Vcc+1 -0.3 0.5 V 15 I UP_RESET 0.7Vcc Vcc+0.5 -0.5 0.2Vcc-0.1 V 17 I Command/Data 0.2Vcc+0.9 Vcc+0.5 -0.5 0.2Vcc-0.1 V

SPECIFICATIONS

PECIFICATIONS

PECIFICATIONSPECIFICATIONS

Table

Table 2222 –––– DC Input Voltage Characteristics

Table Table

Name High Min.

NameName

Table

Table 3333 –––– DC Output Vo

Table Table

Pin Type

PinPin

Type Name

TypeType 2 O TXD Vcc-0.7 @ -30µA 0.4 @ 1.6mA V 6 O Hop Frame Vcc-0.7 @ -30µA 0.4 @ 1.6mA V 7 O CTS Vcc-0.7 @ -30µA 0.4 @ 1.6mA V

12 O Packet Frame Vcc-0.7 @ -30µA 0.4 @ 1.6mA V 13 O RSSI See Figure 1 See Figure 1 V 20 O IN_RANGE Vcc-0.7 @ -30µA 0.4 @ 1.6mA V

DC Input Voltage Characteristics

DC Input Voltage Characteristics DC Input Voltage Characteristics

High Min. High Max.

High Min.High Min.

DC Output Voltage Characteristics

DC Output Vo DC Output Vo

Name High Min.

NameName

High Max. Low Min.

High Max.High Max.

ltage Characteristics

ltage Characteristicsltage Characteristics

High Min. Low Max.

High Min.High Min.

Low Min. Low Max.

Low Min.Low Min.

Low Max. Unit

Low Max.Low Max.

Low Max. Uni t

Low Max.Low Max.

Unit

UnitUnit

Unit

UnitUnit

3.3

3.3 SSSSYSTEM

3.33.3

Care should be taken when selecting transceiver architecture as it can have serious effects on data rates, latency timings, and Overall System Throughput. The importance of these three characteristics will vary from system to system and should be a strong consideration when designing the system.

3.3.1

3.3.1 Serial Interface Data Rate

3.3.13.3.1

The Serial Interface Data Rate is programmable by the Host. This is the rate the Host and transceiver communicate over the serial bus. Possible values range from 110 bps to 288,000 bps. The only

supported mode is asynchronous – 8-bit, No Parity, 1 Start Bit, and 1 Stop Bit

3.3.2

3.3.2 Latency Times

3.3.23.3.2

TBD

3.3.3

3.3.3 Maximum Overall System Throughput

3.3.33.3.3

When configured as shown in the table below, an AC4424 transceiver is capable throughput. However, in the presence of interference or at longer ranges, the transceiver may not be able to meet these specified throughputs. Note: Higher overall system throughputs are po Contact technical support for details.

Contact technical support for details.

Contact technical support for details.Contact technical support for details.

YSTEM T

YSTEM YSTEM

Serial Interface Data Rate

Serial Interface Data RateSerial Interface Data Rate

Latency Times

Latency TimesLatency Times

Maximum Overall System Throughput

Maximum Overall System Throughput Maximum Overall System Throughput

TIMING

IMING

IMINGIMING

Note: Higher overall system throughputs are possible.

Note: Higher overall system throughputs are poNote: Higher overall system throughputs are po

....

capable of achieving the listed

capable capable

ssible.

ssible. ssible.

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AC4424 Specifications

AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications

Table

Table 4444 –––– Maximum Overall System Throughputs

Table Table

Maximum Overall System Throughputs

Maximum Overall System Throughputs Maximum Overall System Throughputs

RF Mode Interface Baud

Rate

Stream 192k Half Disabled One way 192k

Stream 192k Half Enabled One way 64k

Acknowledge 115,200 Half Disabled One way 80k

Acknowledge 115,200 Full Disabled Both ways 40k

Duplex FEC Direction Throughput

(bps)

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AC4424 Specifications

AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications

4. Configuring the AC4424

Configuring the AC4424

4.4.

Configuring the AC4424Configuring the AC4424

4.1

4.1 EEPROM P

EEPROM PARAMETERS

4.14.1

EEPROM PEEPROM P

A Host can program various parameters that are stored in EEPROM and become acti ve after a powe ron reset. TTTTable 5 can be read or written by a Host. Factory default values are also shown. addresses other than those listed below. Do not copy a transceive

addresses other than those listed below. Do not copy a transceiver’s EEPROM data to another

addresses other than those listed below. Do not copy a transceiveaddresses other than those listed below. Do not copy a transceive transceiver. Doing so may cause the transceiver to malfunction.

transceiver. Doing so may cause the transceiver to malfunction.

transceiver. Doing so may cause the transceiver to malfunction.transceiver. Doing so may cause the transceiver to malfunction.

able 5 ---- EEPROM Parameters

able 5 able 5

ARAMETERS

ARAMETERSARAMETERS

EEPROM Parameters, gives the locations and descriptions of the parameters that

EEPROM Parameters EEPROM Parameters

Table

Table 5555 –––– EEPROM Parameters

Table Table

EEPROM Parameters

EEPROM Parameters EEPROM Parameters

Do not write to any EEPROM

Do not write to any EEPROM Do not write to any EEPROM

r’s EEPROM data to another

r’s EEPROM data to another r’s EEPROM data to another

EEPROM

EEPROM EEPROM

Parameter

ParameterParameter

Product ID 00H 40

Sub Hop Adjust 36H 1 80h, D0h D0h

Channel Number 40H 1 00 – 3Fh 00h

Server/Client

Mode

Baud Rate Low 42H 1 00 – FFh 05h Low Byte of the interface baud rate.

Baud Rate High 43H 1 00 – FFh 00h High Byte of the interface baud rate.

Control 0 45H 1 00010100b

Address

AddressAddress

41H 1 01 – 02h 02h

Length

th Length

Len (Bytes)

(Bytes) Range

(Bytes)(Bytes)

Range Default

RangeRange

Default Description

DefaultDefault

40 bytes - Product identifier string. Includes revision information for software and hardware. D0h = Acknowledge 80h = Stream Set 0 = 00 – 0Fh (US/Canada) Set 1 = 10 – 1Fh (US/Canada) Set 2 = 20 – 2Fh (US/Canada) Set 3 = 30 – 3Fh (France)

01h = Server 02h = Client

Settings are:

(14h)

Bit 7 – AeroComm Use Only

AeroComm Use Only

AeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use Only

Bit 6 – AeroComm Use Only

AeroComm Use Only

AeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use Only

Bit 5 – Sync to Channel

0 = Don't Sync to Channel 1 = Sync to Channel

Bit 4 – AeroComm Use Only

AeroComm Use Only

AeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use Only

Bit 3 – Packet Frame

0 = Disable Packet Frame 1 = Use pin 12 as Packet Frame

Bit 2 – RF Mode

0 = RF Stream Mode 1 = RF Acknowledge Mode

Bit 1 – RF Delivery

0 = Addressed 1 = Broadcast

Bit 0 – FEC

0 = No Forward Error Correction 1 = Use Forward Error Correction

Description

DescriptionDescription

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EEPROM

EEPROM EEPROM

Parameter

ParameterParameter

Frequency

Offset 46H 1 00h, 2Eh 00h

Transmit

Retries

Broadcast

Attempts 4DH 1 01 – FFh 04h

API Control 56H 1 01000011b

Interface

Timeout 58H 1 01 – FFh F0h

Sync Channel 5AH 1 00 – 3Fh 01h

RF Packet Size 5BH 1 01 – 40h 40h

CTS On 5CH 1 01 – FFh C0h CTS On

Hysteresis

Destination ID 70H 6 6 Bytes

System ID 76H 1 00 – FFh 01h

MAC ID 80H 6 6 Bytes Unique IEEE MAC Address

Address

AddressAddress

4CH 1 01 - FFh 10h

5DH 1 01 – FFh 80h

Length

th Length

Len (Bytes)

(Bytes) Range

(Bytes)(Bytes)

Range Default

RangeRange

Default Description

DefaultDefault

Channel Set 0 = N/A Channel Set 1 = 00h Channel Set 2 = 00h Channel Set 3 = 2Eh

Settings are:

= 43h

Bit 7 – Ae

AeroComm Use Only

AeAe

Bit 6 – RF Architecture

0 = Server-Client 1 = Peer-to-Peer

Bit 5 – AeroComm Use Only

AeroComm Use Only

AeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use Only

Bit 4 – AeroComm Use Only

AeroComm Use Only

AeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use Only

Bit 3 – AeroComm Use Only

AeroComm Use Only

AeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use Only

Bit 2 – RTS Enable

0 = RTS Ignored 1 = Transceiver obeys RTS

Bit 1 – Duplex Mode

0 = Half Duplex 1 = Full Duplex

Bit 0 – Auto Config

0 = Use EEPROM values 1 = Auto Configure Values

Description

DescriptionDescription

roComm Use Only

roComm Use OnlyroComm Use Only

4.2

4.2 EEPROM C

EEPROM CONFIGURATION

4.24.2

EEPROM CEEPROM C

The configuration set allows the Host to modify the operation of the transceiver. If the Command/Data pin (Pin 17) is pulled logic Low, a transcei ver will i nterpre t inco ming Host data as Command Dat a. The Host can then read and write parameters using the various configuration commands listed below. To exit Configuration Mode, the Host must perform a hardware or power-on reset or issue an Exit Command Mode command to the transceiver.

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ONFIGURATION ONFIGURATION

COMMANDS

OMMANDS

OMMANDSOMMANDS

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4.2.1

4.2.1 EEPROM Byte Read

4.2.14.2.1

Upon receiving this command, a transceiver will transmit the desired data from the address requested by the Host.

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

4.2.2

4.2.2 EEPROM Byte Write

4.2.24.2.2

Upon receiving this command, a transceiver will write the data byte to the address specified but will not echo it back to the Host until the EEPROM write c ycle is c omplete . The write c an take as long as 10ms to complete. Following the write cycle, a transceiver will transmit the data byte to the Host. The WR_ENA pin (Pin 14) must be pulled logic Low to enable the write prior to issuing this command or the write will not occur, requiring the transceiver to be reset. The length byte must be set to 01h. Only single byte writes are allowed.

EEPROM Byte Read

EEPROM Byte ReadEEPROM Byte Read

Byte 1 = C0h Byte 2 = Address Byte 3 = Length (01…FFh = 1…255 bytes; 00h = 256 bytes)

Byte 1 = C0h Byte 2 = Address Byte 3 = Length Byte 4…n = Data at requested address(s)

EEPROM Byte Write

EEPROM Byte WriteEEPROM Byte Write

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Byte 1 = C1h Byte 2 = Address Byte 3 = 01h Byte 3 = Data to store at Address

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

Byte 1 = C1h Byte 2 = Address Byte 3 = 01h Byte 4 = Data to store at Address

EEPROM

Note: The WR_ENA pin on the connector should only be pulled logic Low before sending an

Byte W

Byte Write

Byte WByte W

4.2.3

4.2.3 EEPROM Exit Configuration Command

4.2.34.2.3

The OEM Host can cause the transceiver to exit command mode by issuing the Exit Configuration Command mode command to the transceiver. How changes programmed into the EEPROM until the transceiver is reset.

changes programmed into the EEPROM until the transceiver is reset.

changes programmed into the EEPROM until the transceiver is reset.changes programmed into the EEPROM until the transceiver is reset. Host Command:

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

rite

command and must be held logic Low until the data byte i s echoed to the Host.

riterite

EEPROM Exit Configuration Command

EEPROM Exit Configuration CommandEEPROM Exit Configuration Command

However, the transceiver will not reflect any of the

ever, the transceiver will not reflect any of the

HowHow

ever, the transceiver will not reflect any of the ever, the transceiver will not reflect any of the

Byte 1 = 56h

EEPROM

EEPROM EEPROM

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4.3

4.3 OOOON

4.34.3

The AC4424 transceiver contains static memory that holds many of the parameters that control the transceiver operation. Using the “CC” command set allows many of these parameters to be changed during system operation. Because the memory these commands affect is static, when the transceiver is reset, these parameters will revert back to the settings stored in the EEPROM. Do not to modify undocumented static addresses as undesired operation may occur. All “CC” commands must be

undocumented static addresses as undesired operation may occur. All “CC” commands must be

undocumented static addresses as undesired operation may occur. All “CC” commands must be undocumented static addresses as undesired operation may occur. All “CC” commands must be issued from the Host to the transceiver with Command/Data (Pin 17)

issued from the Host to the transceiver with Command/Data (Pin 17) pulled logic Low. To exit “CC”

issued from the Host to the transceiver with Command/Data (Pin 17) issued from the Host to the transceiver with Command/Data (Pin 17) mode, simply take the Command/Data pin High.

mode, simply take the Command/Data pin High.

mode, simply take the Command/Data pin High.mode, simply take the Command/Data pin High.

4.3.1

4.3.1 Status Request

4.3.14.3.1

The Host issues this command to request the status of the transceiver.

N-

-THE

THE-

FLY

LY C

CONTROL

THETHE

---FFF

Status Request

Status RequestStatus Request

ONTROL C

LY LY

ONTROL ONTROL

Static Bank #

Static Bank # Address

Static Bank #Static Bank #

1 67h – 69h Lower 3 bytes of Destination Address

COMMAND

OMMAND R

OMMAND OMMAND

Table

Table 6666 –––– Static Memory Address Map

Table Table

Static Memory Address Map

Static Memory Address Map Static Memory Address Map

Address Description

AddressAddress

REFERENCE

EFERENCE

EFERENCEEFERENCE

Description

DescriptionDescription

Do not to modify

Do not to modify Do not to modify

pulled logic Low. To exit “CC”

pulled logic Low. To exit “CC” pulled logic Low. To exit “CC”

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00h Byte 3 = 00h

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = Firmware version number Byte 3 = Data1

Where:

Where:Where: Data1 =

00 for Server in Normal Operation 01 for Client in Normal Operation 02 for Server in Acquisition Sync 03 for Client in Acquisition Sync

4.3.2

4.3.2 Change Channel with Forced Acquisition Sync

4.3.24.3.2

The Host issues this command to change the channel of the transceiver and force the transceiver to actively begin synchronization.

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

Change Channel with Forced Acquisition Sync

Change Channel with Forced Acquisition SyncChange Channel with Forced Acquisition Sync

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 02h Byte 3 = RF Channel Number (Hexadecimal)

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = RF Channel Number (Hexadecimal)

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4.3.3

4.3.3 Server/Client Command

4.3.34.3.3

The Host issues this command to change the mode (Server or Client) of the transceiver and can force the transceiver to actively begin synchronization.

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

Server/Client Command

Server/Client CommandServer/Client Command

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 03h Byte 3 = Data1

Where:

Where:Where: Data1 =

00 for Server in Normal Operation 01 for Client in Normal Operation 02 for Server in Acquisition Sync 03 for Client in Acquisition Sync

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = Software Version Nu mber Byte 3 = Data1

Where:

Where:Where: Data1 = Data1 from Host Command

4.3.4

4.3.4 Power

4.3.44.3.4

After the Host issues the power-down command to the transceiver, the transceiver will de-assert the In_Range line afte r ente ring p ower-do wn. A Clie nt t ransce iver i n pow er-down will remai n in sync w ith a Server for a minimum of 2 minutes. To maintain synchronization with the Server, this Client transceiver should re-sync to the Server at least once every 2 minutes. This re-sync is accomplished by issuing the Power the Client transceiver is in sync with the Server and can be put back into power-down.

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

Power----Down Command

PowerPower

Power----Down Wake

PowerPower

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 06h

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00h

Down Command

Down CommandDown Command

Down Wake----Up Command

Down WakeDown Wake

Up Command and waiting for the In Range line to go active. Once this occurs,

Up CommandUp Command

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4.3.5

4.3.5 Power

4.3.54.3.5

The Power-Down Wake-Up Command is issued by the Host to bring the transceiver out of powerdown mode.

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

4.3.6

4.3.6 Broadcast Mode

4.3.64.3.6

Power----Down Wake

PowerPower

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 07h

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00h

Broadcast Mode

Broadcast ModeBroadcast Mode

Down Wake----Up Command

Down WakeDown Wake

Up Command

Up CommandUp Command

The Host issues this command to change the transceiver operation between Addressed Mode Broadcast Mode

Broadcast Mode. If addressed mode is selected the transceiver will send all packets to the radio

Broadcast ModeBroadcast Mode designated by the Destination Address

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 08h Byte 3 = 00 for addressed mode, 01 for broadcast mode

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00 for addressed mode, 01 for broadcast mode

4.3.7

4.3.7 Re

4.3.74.3.7

The OEM Host issues this command to the transcei ver to re ad Stati c Bank #1 Byt es. Stat ic Bank #1 is a bank of memory that holds many of the parameters that control the radio. Using the Read/Write Static Bank #1 command allows thes e paramete rs to be c hanged dynamic ally. Because the me mory bank is static, when the radio is reset, these parameters will revert back to the settings stored in EEPROM. Be careful not to change undocumented Static Bank addresses as undesired operation may occur.

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

Read Static Bank #1 Byte

ReRe

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 0Ah Byte 3 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #1 address

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #1 address

Destination Address programme d in t he t ran sc e i ve r.

Destination AddressDestination Address

ad Static Bank #1 Byte

ad Static Bank #1 Bytead Static Bank #1 Byte

Addressed Mode and

Addressed ModeAddressed Mode

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4.3.8

4.3.8 Write Static Bank #1 Bytes

4.3.84.3.8

The Host issues this command to the transceive r to writ e Stat ic Bank #1 Bytes. St atic Bank #1 is a bank of memory that holds many of the parameters that control the radio. Using the Read/Write Static Bank #1 command allows these parameters to be change d dynamically. Bec ause the memory bank is static, when the radio is reset, these parameters will revert back to the settings stored in EEPROM. Be careful not to change undocumented Static Bank addresses as undesired operation may occur.

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

4.3.9

4.3.9 Read Static Bank #2 Bytes

4.3.94.3.9

Write Static Bank #1 Bytes

Write Static Bank #1 BytesWrite Static Bank #1 Bytes

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 0Bh Byte 3 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #1 address Byte 4 = 00 – FFh corresponding to new value for address specified by Byte 3

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #1 address Byte 3 = 00 – FFh corresponding to new value for address specified by Byte 2

Read Static Bank #2 Bytes

Read Static Bank #2 BytesRead Static Bank #2 Bytes

The Host issues this command to the transcei ver to read S tati c Bank #2 Byte s. Stati c Bank #2 i s a bank of memory that holds many of the parameters that control the radio. Using the Read/Write Static Bank #2 command allows these parameters to be change d dynamically. Bec ause the memory bank is static, when the radio is reset, these parameters will revert back to the settings stored in EEPROM. Be careful not to change undocumented Static Bank addresses as undesired operation may occur.

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 0Ch Byte 3 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #2 address

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #2 address

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4.3.10

4.3.10 Write Static Bank #2 Bytes

4.3.104.3.10

The Host issues this command to the transceive r to writ e Stat ic Bank #2 Bytes. St atic Bank #2 is a bank of memory that holds many of the parameters that control the radio. Using the Read/Write Static Bank #2 command allows these parameters to be change d dynamically. Bec ause the memory bank is static, when the radio is reset, these parameters will revert back to the settings stored in EEPROM. Be careful not to change undocumented Static Bank addresses as undesired operation may occur.

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

4.3.11

4.3.11 Write Destination Address

4.3.114.3.11

Write Static Bank #2 Bytes

Write Static Bank #2 BytesWrite Static Bank #2 Bytes

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 0Dh Byte 3 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #2 address Byte 4 = 00 – FFh corresponding to new value for address specified by Byte 3

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #2 address Byte 3 = 00 – FFh corresponding to new value for address specified by Byte 2

Write Destination Address

Write Destination AddressWrite Destination Address

The Host issues this command to the transceiver to change the Destination Address. This is a very powerful

powerful command that provides the OEM Host with a means for ad-hoc networking. Only the three

powerful powerful Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery.

Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery.

Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery.Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery. Host Command:

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 10h Bytes 3 – 5 = 00 – FFh corresponding the three LSB’s of the destination MAC Addr ess

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

Byte 1 = CCh Bytes 2 – 4= 00 – FFh corresponding the three LSB’s of the destination MAC Addr ess

4.3.12

4.3.12 Read Destination Address

4.3.124.3.12

The Host issues this command to the transceiver to read the Destination Address. This is a very powerful

powerful command that provides the OEM Host with a means for ad-hoc networking. Only the three

powerful powerful Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery.

Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery.

Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery.Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery. Host Command:

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Transc

Transceiver Response:

TranscTransc

Read Destination Address

Read Destination AddressRead Destination Address

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 11h

eiver Response:

eiver Response:eiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Bytes 2 – 4= 00 – FFh corresponding the three LSB’s of the destination MAC Addr ess

Only the three

Only the three Only the three

Only the three

Only the three Only the three

very

very very

very

very very

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4.3.13

4.3.13 Temperature Update

4.3.134.3.13

The Host issues this command to update the transceiver with the ambient temperature. This command is only valid on AC4424 family transceivers not already fitted with a temperature sensor.

Host Command:

Host Command:Host Command:

Transceiver Response:

Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:

Temperature Update

Temperature UpdateTemperature Update

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = A3h Byte 3 = D8h – 50h (corresponding to the ambient temperature in °C)

Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = D8h – 50h (corresponding to the ambient temperature in °C)

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5. Theory of Operation

Theory of Operation

5.5.

Theory of OperationTheory of Operation

5.1

5.1 HHHHARDWARE INTERFACE

5.15.1

Below is a description of all hardware pins used to control the AC4424.

5.1.1

5.1.1 TXD (Transmit Data) and RXD (Receive Data) (pins 2 and 3 respective l y)

5.1.15.1.1

The AC4424 accepts 5V TTL level asynchronous serial data in the RXD pin and interprets that data as either Command Data or Transmit Data. Data is sent from the transceiver to the OEM Host via the TXD pin. The data must be of the format 8-N-1 (8 data bits, No Parity bits, One stop bit).

5.1.2

5.1.2 Hop Frame (pin 6)

5.1.25.1.2

The AC4424 is a frequency hopping spread spectrum radio. Frequency hopping allows the system to hop around interference in order to provide a better wireless link. Hop Frame transitions logic Low at the start of a hop and transitions logic High at the completion of a hop. The OEM Host is not required to monitor Hop Frame.

ARDWARE INTERFACE

ARDWARE INTERFACEARDWARE INTERFACE

TXD (Transmit Data) and RXD (Receive Data) (pins 2 and 3 re spe ctive l y)

TXD (Transmit Data) and RXD (Receive Data) (pins 2 and 3 re spe ctive l y) TXD (Transmit Data) and RXD (Receive Data) (pins 2 and 3 re spe ctive l y)

Hop Frame (pin 6)

Hop Frame (pin 6)Hop Frame (pin 6)

5.1.3

5.1.3 CTS Handshaking (pin 7)

5.1.35.1.3

The AC4424 has an interface buffer size of 256 bytes. If the buffer fills up and more bytes are sent to the transceiver before the buffer can be emptied, data corruption will occur. The transceiver prevents this corruption by asserting CTS High as the buffer fills up and taking CTS Low as the buffer is emptied. CTS On specifies the amount of bytes that must be in the buffer for CTS to be disabled (High). Even while CTS is disabled, the OEM Host can still send data to the transceiver, but it should do so carefully. Once CTS is disabled, it will remain disabled until the buffer is reduced to the size specified by CTS On Hysteresis. The following equation should always be used for setting CTS On, CTS On Hysteresis and RF Packet Size

RF Packet Size:

RF Packet SizeRF Packet Size CTS On

CTS On –––– CTS On Hysteresis = RF Packet Size

CTS On CTS On

5.1.4

5.1.4 RTS Handshaking (pin 8)

5.1.45.1.4

With RTS Mode the packet is received. However, some OEM Hosts are not able to accept data from the transceiver all of the time. With RTS Mode Enabled, the OEM Host can keep the transceiver from sending it a packet by disabling RTS (logic High). Once RTS is enabled (logic Low), the transceiver can send packets to the OEM Host as they are received. Note: Leaving RTS disabled for too long can cause data loss once the transceiver’s receive buffer fills up.

once the transceiver’s receive buffer fills up.

once the transceiver’s receive buffer fills up.once the transceiver’s receive buffer fills up.

CTS Handshaking (pin 7)

CTS Handshaking (pin 7)CTS Handshaking (pin 7)

CTS On in conjunction with CTS On Hysteresis

CTS OnCTS On

CTS On Hysteresis = RF Packet Size

CTS On Hysteresis = RF Packet Size CTS On Hysteresis = RF Packet Size

RTS Handshaking (pin 8)

RTS Handshaking (pin 8)RTS Handshaking (pin 8)

RTS Mode disabled, the transceiver will send any received packet to the OEM Host as soon as

RTS ModeRTS Mode

CTS On Hysteresis control the op e rat io n o f CT S . CT S On

CTS On HysteresisCTS On Hysteresis

Note: Leaving RTS disabled for too long can cause data loss

Note: Leaving RTS disabled for too long can cause data loss Note: Leaving RTS disabled for too long can cause data loss

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5.1.5

5.1.5 9600 Bau

5.1.55.1.5

9600_BAUD

9600_BAUD – When pulled logic Lo w be fore app lyin g p owe r or res et tin g, t he t rans ce ive r’s s eri al

9600_BAUD9600_BAUD interface is forced to a 9600, 8-N-1 (8 data bits, No parity, 1 stop bit) rate. To exit, transceiver must be reset or power-cycled with 9600_Baud logic High.

Packet Frame

Packet Frame – When enabled in EEPROM, Packet Frame will transition logic Low at the start of a

Packet FramePacket Frame received RF packet and transition logic High at the completion of the packet.

5.1.6

5.1.6 RSSI (pin 13)

5.1.65.1.6

Received Signal Strength In dicator is use d by the Host as an i ndicati on of instantaneous si gnal strength at the receiver. The Host must calibrate RSSI without a RF signal being presented to the receiver. Calibration is accomplishe d by following th e steps li sted below to find a minimum and maximum voltage value.

9600 Baud/Packet Frame (pin 12)

9600 Bau9600 Bau

RSSI (pin 13)

RSSI (pin 13)RSSI (pin 13)

1) Power up only one Client (no Server) transceiver in the covera ge area.

2) Measure the RSSI signal to obtain the minimum value with no other signal pr esent.

3) Power up a Server. Make sure the two transceivers a re in close proximity and measure the Client’s peak RSSI once the Client reports In Range to obtain a maximum value at full signal strength.

d/Packet Frame (pin 12)

d/Packet Frame (pin 12)d/Packet Frame (pin 12)

Figure 1 shows approximate RSSI performance. Output is 1.20V to 4.50V.

Figure

Figure 1111 –––– RSSI Voltage vs. Re ce ive d Sign al Stre n gth

Figure Figure

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

Signal at Receiver (dBm )

-70

-80

-90

RSSI Voltage vs. Received Signal Stre n gth

RSSI Voltage vs. Received Signal Stre n gth RSSI Voltage vs. Received Signal Stre n gth

-100

1.2 1.3 1.57 2.3 3.8 4.5

Voltage (VDC)

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5.1.7

5.1.7 Wr

5.1.75.1.7

Wr_Ena is a direct connection t o the Wri te Enable li ne on the EEPROM. Whe n logic L ow, the EEPROM’s contents may be changed. When logic High, the EEPROM is protected from accidental and intentional modification. It is recommended that this line only be Low when an EEPROM write is desired to prevent unintentional corruption of the EEPROM.

5.1.8

5.1.8 UP_Reset (pin 15)

5.1.85.1.8

UP_Reset provides a direct connection to the reset pin on the AC4424 microprocessor. To guarantee a valid power-up reset, t his pi n sho uld nev er be t ied L ow on powe r-up. For a va lid pow er-on re set, reset must be High for a minimum of 50us.

5.1.9

5.1.9 Command/Data (pin 17)

5.1.95.1.9

When logic High, transceiver interprets Host data as transmit data to be sent to other transceivers and their Hosts. When logic Low, transceiver interprets Host data as command data (see section 4)

5.1.10

5.1.10 In Range (pin 20)

5.1.105.1.10

Wr_Ena (EEPROM Write Enable) (pin 14)

_Ena (EEPROM Write Enable) (pin 14)

WrWr

_Ena (EEPROM Write Enable) (pin 14)_Ena (EEPROM Write Enable) (pin 14)

UP_Reset (pin 15)

UP_Reset (pin 15)UP_Reset (pin 15)

Command/Data (pin 17)

Command/Data (pin 17)Command/Data (pin 17)

In Range (pin 20)

In Range (pin 20)In Range (pin 20)

(see section 4).

(see section 4)(see section 4)

The IN_RANGE pin at the connector will be driven logic Low when a Client is in range of a Server on the sam e RF Channel pin logic High and enter a search mode looking for a Se rver. As soon as it dete cts a Se rver, the IN_RANGE pin will be driven logic Low. A Server Host can determine which Clients are in range by the Server’s Host software polling a Client’s Host.

5.2

5.2 SSSSOFTWARE

5.25.2

Below is a description of all software parameters used to control the AC4424.

5.2.1

5.2.1 RF Architecture (Server

5.2.15.2.1

The Server cont rols th e syst em ti ming by sen ding out re gular b eaco ns (tran sparen t to the t ransc eive r Host) which contain system timing information. This timing information synchronizes the Client radios to the Server.

Each network should consist of only one Server. There should never be two Servers on the same RF Chan

Channel Number

ChanChan hinder RF communications.

In Server-Client architecture, the Server communicates with the Clients and the Clients only communicate with the Server. Enabling Pe communicate w ith ea c h othe r. Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting for Peer

setting for Peer----to

setting for Peersetting for Peer networ

network.

networnetwor

RF Channel and System ID

RF ChannelRF Channel

OFTWARE P

OFTWARE OFTWARE

RF Architecture (Server ----Client/Peer

RF Architecture (ServerRF Architecture (Server

nel Number in the same coverage area, as the interference between the two Servers will severely

nel Numbernel Number

k.k.

PARAMETERS

to----Peer and there must still be one, and only one, Server present in a Peer

Peer and there must still be one, and only one, Server present in a Peer----to

toto

Peer and there must still be one, and only one, Server present in a PeerPeer and there must still be one, and only one, Server present in a Peer

System ID. If a Client cannot hear a Server for 5s, it will drive the IN_RANGE

System IDSystem ID

ARAMETERS

ARAMETERSARAMETERS

Client/Peer----to

Client/PeerClient/Peer

Peer

er----to

to----Peer Mode

PePe

erer

toto

Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same

Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same

to----Peer)

Peer)

toto

Peer)Peer)

only

onlyonly

Peer Mode will allow all radios on the network to

Peer ModePeer Mode

RF RF

to----Peer

Peer

toto

Peer Peer

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AC4424 Specifications

AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications

5.2.2

5.2.2 RF Mode

5.2.25.2.2

All radios located on the same network must use the same RF Mode.

All radios located on the same network must use the same RF Mode.All radios located on the same network must use the same RF Mode. Acknowledge Mode

Acknowledge Mode

Acknowledge ModeAcknowledge Mode In Addressed Acknowledge Mode, the RF packet is sent out to the receiver designated by the

Destination Address

Destination Address. Transmit Retries

Destination AddressDestination Address intended receiver. Transparent to the OEM Host, the sending transceiver will send the RF packet to the intended receiver. If the receiver receives the packet free of errors, it will tell the sender. If the sender does not receive this acknowledge, it will assume the packet was never received and retry the packet. This will go on until the packet is successfully received or the transmitter exhausts all of its retries. The received pac ket wi ll only be sent t o the OEM Host if and whe n it i s rece ived fre e of errors.

In Broadcast Acknowledge Mode, the RF packet is broadcast out to all eligible receivers on the network. In order to increase the odds of succe ssful delivery, Broadcast Attempts the odds of successful delivery to the intended receiver(s). Transparent to the OEM Host, the sending transceiver will send the RF packet to the intended receiver. If the receiver detects a packet error, it will throw out the packet. This will go on until the packet is successfully received or the transmitter exhausts all of its attempts. Once the receiver successfully receives the packet it will send the packet to the OEM Host. It will throw out any duplicates caused by further Broadcast Attempts. The received packet will only be sent to the OEM Host if it is rec eive d free of e rrors.

RF Mode

RF ModeRF Mode

Transmit Retries is used to increase the odds of successful delivery to th e

Transmit RetriesTransmit Retries

Broadcast Attempts is used to i n cr ea se

Broadcast AttemptsBroadcast Attempts

Stream Mode

Stream ModeStream Mode In Broadcast Stream mode, the RF packet is broadcast out to all eligible receivers on the network. In

Addressed Stream Mode, the RF packet is sent out to the receiver designated by the Destination Address

Address. The sending transceiver will send each RF packet out once. There are no retries on the

AddressAddress packet. Whether or not the packet contains errors, the receiver(s) will send the packet to the OEM Host. However, if receiver is not able to receive the packet in its entirety (there are bytes missing), it will not send the packet to the OEM Host. In order to increase the odds of successful delivery, Forward Error Correction (FEC)

Error Correction (FEC) may be used. FEC is used (transparent to the OEM Host) to increase the odds

Error Correction (FEC)Error Correction (FEC) of correctly receiving a packet sent over the RF. When enabled, the transceiver will send every byte over the RF 3 times and then perform a best-of-three bit-wise decision on the received bytes. Enabling FEC can cut o v erall th ro u ghput b y 1/3. Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting for FEC. Stream Mode is inc o mpati ble wi th Full D uple x Mode.

same setting for FEC. Stream Mode is in c ompati ble w it h Full D uple x Mode .

same setting for FEC. Stream Mode is inc o mpati ble wi th Full D uple x Mode.same setting for FEC. Stream Mode is inc o mpati ble wi th Full D uple x Mode.

Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the

Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the

Destination

Destination Destination

Forward

Forward Forward

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AC4424 Specifications

AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications

5.2.3

5.2.3 Sub Hop Adjust

5.2.35.2.3

Sub Hop Adjust is an AC4424 protocol parameter and its settings are as follows:

5.2.4

5.2.4 Duplex Mode

5.2.45.2.4

In Half Duplex mode, the AC4424 will send a packet out over the RF when it can. This can cause packets sent at the same time by a S erver and a Client to colli de wit h each ot her over the RF. To prevent this, Full Duplex Mode can be enabled. This mode restricts Clients to transmitting on odd numbered frequency “bins” and the Server to transmitting on even frequency bins. Though the RF hardware is still technically half duplex, it makes the radio seem full duplex. This can cause overall through pu ts to be c ut i n ha lf. Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting for Full Duplex. Full Duplex mode is incompat ib le w i th St re

for Full Duplex. Full Duplex mode is incompat ib le w it h S t ream RF mode.

for Full Duplex. Full Duplex mode is incompat ib le w i th St refor Full Duplex. Full Duplex mode is incompat ib le w i th St re

Sub Hop Adjust

Sub Hop AdjustSub Hop Adjust

Duplex Mode

Duplex ModeDuplex Mode

Table

Table 7777 –––– Sub Hop Adjust Settings

Table Table

Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting

Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting

Sub Hop Adjust Settings

Sub Hop Adjust Settings Sub Hop Adjust Settings

RF Mode Sub Hop Adjust

Acknowledge D0h

Stream 80h

am RF mode.

am RF mode.am RF mode.

5.2.5

5.2.5 Interface Timeout/RF Packet Size

5.2.55.2.5

Interface timeout, in conjunction with RF Packet Size over the RF as a complete RF packet based on whic hever co ndition oc curs first.

Interface Timeout

Interface Timeout – Interface Timeout specifies a maximum byte gap in between consecutive bytes.

Interface TimeoutInterface Timeout When that byte gap is exceeded, the bytes in the transmit buffer are sent out over the RF as a complete packet. Interface timeout is adjustable in 160uS decrements. The actual timeout created by Interface Timeout is equal to the 2's complement of Interface Timeout times 160uS. The default value for Interface Timeout is F0H or 2.56ms.

RF Packet Size

RF Packet Size – When the amount of bytes in the transceiver transmit buffer equals RF Packet Size,

RF Packet Size RF Packet Size those bytes are sent out as a complete RF packet.

Interface Timeout/RF Packet Size

Interface Timeout/RF Packet SizeInterface Timeout/RF Packet Size

RF Packet Size, determines when a buffer of data will be sent out

RF Packet SizeRF Packet Size

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AC4424 Specifications

AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications

5.2.6

5.2.6 Serial Interface Baud Rate

5.2.65.2.6

This two-byte value determines the baud rate used for communicating over the serial interface to a transcei ve r. Table 5 110 baud are not supported. For a baud rate to be valid, the calculated baud rate must be within ±3% of the OEM Host b a u d rate. If the 9600_BAUD pin (Pin 12) is pulled logic Low at reset, the baud rate will be forced to 9,600

will be forced to 9,600.

will be forced to 9,600will be forced to 9,600 following equation can be used:

Serial Interface Baud Rate

Serial Interface Baud RateSerial Interface Baud Rate

Table 5 ---- Baud Rate/Timeout

Table 5 Table 5

Baud Rate/Timeout lists values for some common baud rates. Baud rates below

Baud Rate/Timeout Baud Rate/Timeout

If the 9600_BAUD pin (Pin 12) is pulled logic Low at reset, the baud rate

If the 9600_BAUD pin (Pin 12) is pulled logic Low at reset, the baud rate If the 9600_BAUD pin (Pin 12) is pulled logic Low at reset, the baud rate

. For Baud Rate values other than those shown in Table 5

. .

BAUD = (18.432E+06/(32*desired baud rate) )

BAUD = (18.432E+06/(32*desired baud rate) )BAUD = (18.432E+06/(32*desired baud rate) )

BaudH= High 8 bits of BAUD (base16)

BaudH= High 8 bits of BAUD (base16)BaudH= High 8 bits of BAUD (base16)

BaudL = Low 8 bits of BAUD (base16)

BaudL = Low 8 bits of BAUD (base16)BaudL = Low 8 bits of BAUD (base16)

Table

Table 8888 –––– Baud Ra

Table Table

Baud

Baud Baud

Rate

RateRate 288,000 02h 00h FFh 192,000 03h 00h FFh 115,200 05h 00h FEh

57,600 0Ah 00h FDh 38,400 0Fh 00h FCh 28,800 14h 00h FBh 19,200 1Eh 00h F9h 14,400 28h 00h F7h

9,600 3Ch 00h F2h

4800 78h 00h E5h

2400 F0h 00h CBh

1200 E0h 01h 97h

300 80h 07h 01h 110 74h 14h 01h

BaudL

BaudL BaudL

(42h)

(42h)(42h)

BaudH

BaudH BaudH

(43h)

(43h)(43h)

Table 5 ---- Bau d Rate

Table 5 Table 5

Baud Rate

Baud Ra Baud Ra

Minimum Interface Timeout

Minimum Interface Timeout Minimum Interface Timeout

tete

(58h)

(58h)(58h)

Baud Rate, the

Baud Rate Baud Rate

5.2.7

5.2.7 Network Topology

5.2.75.2.7

RF Channel Number

RF Channel Number – RF Channel Number provides a physical separation between co-located

RF Channel NumberRF Channel Number networks. The AC4424 is a spread spectrum frequency hopping radio with a fixed hopping sequence. Without synchronizing the different networks to each other, different channel numbers could possibly interfere with each other and create “cross-talk.” To avoid cross-talk interference, co-located networks should use Sync frequency hop timing to a system located on the RF Channel specified by Sync Channel requirement is that Sync Channel be numerically less than RF Channel. Therefore, every co-located network will be synchronizing to the network with the lowest RF Channel. Four Channel sets are provided for the AC4424. Frequency Offset is a protocol parameter used to satisfy unique international requirements. Co

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Network Topology

Network TopologyNetwork Topology

Sync----ttttoooo----Channel

SyncSync

Channel. A Server radio with Sync-to-Channel enabled will synchronize its

ChannelChannel

Co----located networks must u

located networks must use the same Channel Set.

Co Co

located networks must ulocated networks must u

se the same Channel Set.

se the same Channel Set.se the same Channel Set.

Sync Channel. The onl y

Sync ChannelSync Channel

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AC4424 Specifications

AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications

Table

Table 9999 –––– US and International RF Channel Number Settings

Table Table

US and International RF Channel Number Settings

US and International RF Channel Number Settings US and International RF Channel Number Settings

Channel Set RF Channel Number Range

(40h)

0 00h – 0Fh N/A US,Canada

1 10h – 1Fh 0 US,Canada

2 20h – 2Fh 0 US,Canada

3 30h – 3Fh 2Eh France

System ID

System ID – System ID is similar to a password character or network number and makes network

System IDSystem ID eavesdropping more di fficu lt. A rec eiv ing radi o will n ot go i n range of or c ommunic ate with anoth er radio on a different System ID.

5.2.8

5.2.8 Auto Config

5.2.85.2.8

The AC4424 has several variables that control its RF performance and vary by RF Mode Architectu re

Architecture. Enabling Auto Config will bypass the value for these variables stored in EEPROM and use

Architectu reArchitecture predete rmi ne d v alu es fo r th e g iv e n I nt erf ac e B au d Ra te . Auto Config has been optimized for 192,000 baud Stream Mode, 115,200 baud Acknowledge Mode and all lower baud rates. It should only be

baud Stream Mode, 115,200 baud Acknowledge Mode and all lower baud rates. It should only be

baud Stream Mode, 115,200 baud Acknowledge Mode and all lower baud rates. It should only be baud Stream Mode, 115,200 baud Acknowledge Mode and all lower baud rates. It should only be disabled with recommendation from Ae roComm.

disabled with recommendation from AeroComm. Below is a list containing some of the variables

disabled with recommendation from Ae roComm.disabled with rec o mmendat io n from AeroComm. affected by Auto Config and their respective values:

Auto Config

Auto ConfigAuto Co nfig

Frequency Offset

(46h)

Auto Config has been optimized for 192,000

Auto Config has been optimized for 192,000 Auto Config has been optimized for 192,000

Countries

RF Mode and RF

RF ModeRF Mode

RF RF

Table

Table 10

Table Table

10 –––– Auto Config Parameters

Auto Config Parameters

1010

Auto Config Parameters Auto Config Parameters

Parameter Auto Config Value

RF Packet Size 40h

CTS On C0h

CTS On Hysteresis 80h

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AC4424 Specifications

AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications

6. Application Examples

Application Examples

6.6.

Application ExamplesApplication Examples

TBD

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AC4424 Specifications

AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications

7. Dimensions

Dimensions

7.7.

DimensionsDim e ns i ons

All AC4424 products measure 1.65”W x 2.65”L. Critical parameters are as follows:

• J1

J1 – 20 pin OEM interface connector ( Sa mtec TMM-110-01-L-D-SM, mates with Samtec

J1J1 SMM-110-02-S-D)

• MMCX Jack

MMCX Jack – Antenna connector (Telegartner P/N J 01341C0081) mates with any

MMCX JackMMCX Jack manufacturer’s MMCX plug

Figure

Figure 2222 –––– AC4424 with

Figure Figure

AC4424 with

AC4424 with AC4424 with

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Ordering Information

Ordering Information Ordering Information

8. Ordering Information

Ordering Information

8.8.

Ordering InformationOrdering Information

8.1

8.1 PPPPRODUCT

8.18.1

AC4424

AC4424----10

AC4424AC4424

AC4424

AC4424----100

AC4424AC4424

RODUCT P

RODUCT RODUCT

10: AC4424 with 10mW output power, interface data rates to 288Kbps, MMCX antenna

1010

100

100100

PART

ART N

NUMBERS

UMBERS

ART ART

connector, -40°C to 80°C

: AC4424 with 50mW output power, interface data rates to 288Kbps, MMCX antenna

connector, -40°C to 80°C

UMBERSUMBERS

AC4424

AC4424----200

AC4424AC4424

8.2

8.2 DDDDEVELOPER

8.28.2

SDK

SDK----4424I

4424I----10

SDKSDK

4424I4424I

SDK

SDK----4424I

4424I----100

SDKSDK

4424I4424I

SDK

SDK----4424I

4424I----200

SDKSDK

4424I4424I

: AC4424 with 200mW output power, interface data rates to 288Kbps, MMCX antenna

200

200200

connector, -40°C to 80°C

EVELOPER K

EVELOPER EVELOP ER

10: Includes (2) AC4424-10 transceivers, (2) RS232 Serial Adapter Boards, (2) 6Vdc

1010

unregulated power supplies, (2) Serial cables, (2) S151FL-5-RMM-2450S dipole antennas with 5” pigtail and MMCX connector, configuration/testing software, Integration engineering support

100

: Includes (2) AC4424-100 transceivers, (2) RS232 Serial Adapter Boards, (2) 6Vdc

100100

unregulated power supplies, (2) Serial cables, (2) S151FL-5-RMM-2450S dipole antennas with 5” pigtail and MMCX connector, configuration/testing software, Integration engineering support

200

: Includes (2) AC4424-200 transceivers, (2) RS232 Serial Adapter Boards, (2) 6Vdc

200200

unregulated power supplies, (2) Serial cables, (2) S151FL-5-RMM-2450S dipole antennas with 5” pigtail and MMCX connector, configuration/testing software, Integration engineering support

KIT

IT P

IT IT

PART

ART N

ART ART

NUMBERS

UMBERS

UMBERSUMBERS

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AeroComm AC4424 100 Users Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Part Number

Overview

AC4424 Specifications

Specifications

Serial Interface Data Rate

Latency Times

Maximum Overall System Throughput

Configuring the AC4424

EEPROM Parameters

EEPROM Byte Read

EEPROM Byte Write

EEPROM Exit Configuration Command

Status Request

Change Channel with Forced Acquisition Sync

Server/Client Command

Broadcast Mode

Read Static Bank #1 Byte

Write Static Bank #1 Bytes

Read Static Bank #2 Bytes

Write Static Bank #2 Bytes

Write Destination Address

Read Destination Address

Temperature Update

Theory of Operation

TXD (Transmit Data) and RXD (Receive Data) (pins 2 and 3 re spe ctive l y)

Hop Frame (pin 6)

CTS Handshaking (pin 7)

RTS Handshaking (pin 8)

9600 Baud/Packet Frame (pin 12)

RSSI (pin 13)

Wr_Ena (EEPROM Write Enable) (pin 14)

UP_Reset (pin 15)

Command/Data (pin 17)

In Range (pin 20)

RF Mode

Sub Hop Adjust

Duplex Mode

Interface Timeout/RF Packet Size

Serial Interface Baud Rate

Network Topology

Auto Config

Application Examples

Dimensions

Ordering Information