AEG-Electrolux CROWN ITECH User Manual

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Operation Manual

I-Tech Series

I-T4000

I-T6000

I-T8000

Obtaining Other Language Versions:

local Crown Distributor. If you need assistance locating your local distributor, please contact Crown at 574-294-8000. This manual does not include all of the details of design, production, or variations of the equipment. Nor does it cover every possible

situation which may arise during installation, operation or maintenance. The information provided in this manual was deemed accurate as of the publication date. However, updates to this information may have

occurred. To obtain the latest version of this manual, please visit the Crown website at www.crownaudio.com.

Trademark Notice:

and TCP/IQ are trademarks of Crown International. HiQnet is a trademark of Harman International Industries, Inc. Other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Crown, Crown Audio, IQ, IQ System, BCA, and Amcron are registered trademarks of Crown International. IQwic

To obtain information in another language about the use of this product, please contact your

Some models may be exported under the name Amcron.

137289-6A 6/05

Important Safety Instructions

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

1) Read these instructions.

2) Keep these instructions.

3) Heed all warnings.

4) Follow all instructions.

5) Do not use this apparatus near water.

6) Clean only with a dry cloth.

7) Do not block any ventilation openings. Install in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

8) Do not install near any heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other apparatus (including amplifiers) that produce heat.

9) Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or grounding-type plug. A polarized plug has two blades with one wider than the other. A grounding-type plug has two blades and a third grounding prong. The wide blade or the third prong is provided for your safety. If the provided plug does not fit into your outlet, consult an electrician for replacement of the obsolete outlet.

10) Protect the power cord from being walked on or pinched, particularly at plugs, convenience receptacles, and the point where they exit from the apparatus.

11) Only use attachments/accessories specified by the manufacturer.

12) Use only with a cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or table specified by the manufacturer, or sold with the apparatus. When a cart is used, use caution when moving the cart/apparatus combination to avoid injury from tip-over.

13) Unplug this apparatus during lightning storms or when unused for long periods of time.

14) Refer all servicing to qualified service personnel. Servicing is required when the apparatus has been damaged in any way, such as powersupply cord or plug is damaged, liquid has been spilled or objects have fallen into the apparatus, the apparatus has been exposed to rain or moisture, does not operate normally, or has been dropped.

15) WARNING: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPARATUS TO RAIN OR MOISTURE.

16) DO NOT EXPOSE TO DRIPPING OR SPLASHING. DO NOT PLACE OBJECTS FILLED WITH LIQUID, SUCH AS VASES,ON THIS APPARATUS.

TO PREVENT ELECTRIC SHOCK DO NOT REMOVE TOP OR BOTTOM COVERS. NO USER SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL.

À PRÉVENIR LE CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE N’ENLEVEZ PAS LES COUVERCLES. IL N’Y A PAS DES PARTIES SERVICEABLE À L’INTÉRIEUR. TOUS REPARATIONS DOIT ETRE FAIRE PAR PERSONNEL QUALIFIÉ SEULMENT.

TO COMPLETELY DISCONNECT THIS EQUIPMENT FROM THE AC MAINS, DISCONNECT THE POWER SUPPLY CORD PLUG FROM THE AC RECEPTACLE. THE MAINS PLUG OF THE POWER SUPPLY CORD SHALL REMAIN READILY OPERABLE.

WATCH FOR THESE SYMBOLS:

The lightning bolt triangle is used to alert the user to the risk of electric shock.

The exclamation point triangle is used to alert the user to important operating or maintenance instructions.

IMPORTANT

I-Tech Series amplifiers require Class 1 output wiring.

CAUTION

I-Tech amplifiers and their associated sound system may be capable of producing SPL’s that cause hearing loss. The user is encouraged to keep SPL's within safe limits as specified by ANSI, NIOSH or

EPA

MAGNETIC FIELD

CAUTION! Do not locate sensitive high-gain equipment such as preamplifiers or tape decks directly above or below the unit. Because this amplifier has a high power density, it has a strong magnetic field which can induce hum into unshielded devices that are located nearby. The field is strongest just above and below the unit.

If an equipment rack is used, we recommend locating the amplifier(s) in the bottom of the rack and the preamplifier or other sensitive equipment at the top.

FCC COMPLIANCE NOTICE

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

CAUTION: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

page 2

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

Crown International, Inc.

ISSUED BY: Crown International, Inc.

1718 W. Mishawaka Road Elkhart, Indiana 46517 U.S.A.

European Representative's Name and Address:

Nick Owen 35, Bassets Field Thornhill Cardiff. South Glamorgen CF14 9UG United Kingdom

Equipment Type: Commercial Audio Power Amplifiers Family Name: I-Tech Model Names: I-T4000, I-T6000, I-T8000

EMC Standards:

EN 55103-1:1997 Electromagnetic Compatibility - Product Family Standard for Audio, Video, Audio-Visual and Entertainment Lighting Control Apparatus for Professional Use, Part 1: Emissions

EN 55103-1:1997 Magnetic Field Emissions-Annex A @ 10 cm and 20 cm EN 61000-3-2:2001 Limits for Harmonic Current Emissions (equipment input current less than or equal to 16 A per phase) EN 61000-3-3:2002 Limitation of Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker in Low-Voltage Supply Systems Rated Current less than or equal to16A EN 55022:2003 Limits and Methods of Measurement of Radio Disturbance Characteristics of ITE: Radiated, Class B Limits; Conducted, Class A EN 55103-2:1997 Electromagnetic Compatibility - Product Family Standard for Audio, Video, Audio-Visual and Entertainment Lighting Control Apparatus for Professional Use, Part 2: Immunity EN 61000-4-2:2001 Electrostatic Discharge Immunity (Environment E2-Criteria B, 4k V Contact, 8k V Air Discharge) EN 61000-4-3:2001 Radiated, Radio-Frequency, Electromagnetic Immunity (Environment E2, criteria A) EN 61000-4-4:2001 Electrical Fast Transient/Burst Immunity (Criteria B) EN 61000-4-5:2001 Surge Immunity (Criteria B) EN 61000-4-6:2003 Immunity to Conducted Disturbances Induced by Radio-Frequency Fields (Criteria A) EN 61000-4-11:2001 Voltage Dips, Short Interruptions and Voltage Variation

Safety Standard:

IEC 60065: 2001 7th Ed. Safety Requirements - Audio Video and Similar Electronic Apparatus

I certify that the product identified above conforms to the requirements of the EMC Council Directive 89/336/EEC as amended by 92/31/EEC, and the Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EES as amended by 93/68/EEC.

DECLARATION of CONFORMITY

FOR COMPLIANCE QUESTIONS ONLY:

Sue Whitfield 574-294-8289 swhitfield@crownintl.com

Signed

Date of Issue: May 1, 2004

Title: Senior Vice President of Manufacturing

Operation Manual page 3

Due to line current harmonics, we recommend that you contact your supply authority before connection.

Getting Started With I-Tech

Welcome! Operating your I-Tech amplifier can be as simple or advanced as you wish. Right out of the box, it works like any other amplifier with stereo loudspeaker loads.

• For bridge-mono operation, see page 5.

• If you want to control and monitor the amplifier with Crown’s IQ Section 4.5.4. If you are going to use SystemArchitect, please follow the information included with System Architect.

• If you want to load DSP presets or perform diagnostics using the amplifier’s LCD control screen (Figure A.3), see Section 4.2. You can refer to this Quick-Start Guide to get up and running quickly. To learn about I-Tech’s many advanced features, please see the rest of this manual.

System® software, see

Quick-Start Guide: Stereo Wiring

Let’s assume that you unpacked and installed your amplifier with the proper cooling. If not, see Section 2 in this manual. We’ll also assume that you will operate the amplifier in stereo. want to operate your amplifier in bridge-mono, skip to page 5.

1. IMPORTANT: Turn off the amplifier. Unplug its power cord from the AC outlet.

The amplifier must be grounded when plugged into AC power.

2. See Figure A.1. Connect two cables from your mixer output to the amplifier’s XLR input con-

nectors.

3. Using Class 1 wiring, connect speaker cables either to the amplifier’s Speakon

(as in Figure A.2) or to the 5-way binding posts (as in Figure A.1.)

If you

connectors

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

Figure A.1 Rear-panel Connections for Stereo Wiring

4. Turn down your mixer master faders. Plug the power cord into the amplifier and then into an

AC outlet. Turn on the front-panel power switch. The LCD Control Screen will light up (Figure A.3).

5. Using both Encoder knobs (Level controls), set Attenuation to 0 dB. Press the Menu/Exit

button, then the Next button, to access CH1 Sensitivity. Turn an Encoder knob fully down (CCW) until the minimum dB gain is displayed. Then press Next and repeat for CH2 Sensitivity. See Appendix B for details.

6. Play a program through your mixer. Set its level to peak at 0 dB or 0 VU maximum on the

mixer meters. Gradually turn up (CW) the amplifier Encoder knobs (Level controls) to the desired volume for CH2. Press Prev and repeat for CH1. Press Exit when done.

Note: If the SPL is too high at the beginning of Step 6, press Menu/Exit, then press Next until you see ADVANCED MENU. Push an Encoder knob. Press Next until you see MAXIMUM ANALOG INPUT. Press an Encoder knob so the display reads 21 dBu. Press Menu/Exit twice. Press Next. CH1 Sensitivity will be displayed. Gradually turn up (CW) the left Encoder knob to the desired volume for CH1. Press Next and repeat for CH2. Press Exit when done.

CAUTION – SHOCK HAZARD: Potentially lethal voltages exist at the output connectors when the amplifier is turned on and is passing a signal.

page 4

Wiring Two Speakers

Figure A.2

to Two Speakon Con-

nectors for Stereo

Operation

Channel 1 Loudspeaker

Bottom Speakon (Channel 2)

Top Speakon (Channel 1)

Channel 2 Loudspeaker

Figure A.3

The LCD Control Screen

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

Quick-Start Guide: Bridge-Mono Wiring

Let’s assume that you unpacked and installed your amplifier with the proper cooling. If not, see Section 2 in this manual. We’ll also assume that you will operate the amplifier in BridgeMono. Basically you will turn on the amp, enable Bridge-Mono mode with the LCD Control Screen, turn off the amp, wire it, and turn it back on.

1. Be sure that no cables are connected to the amplifier. Plug the amplifier power cord into

the amplifier, then into an AC outlet.

2. Turn on the amplifier power switch on the front panel. The LCD Control Screen will light

up (Figure A.4).

3. Under the LCD Control Screen, press the Menu/Exit button. Press the Next button until

you see Output Mode on the screen.

4. Press either Encoder knob to select BRIDGE MONO. Press and hold the knob to confirm

your choice. Press the Menu/Exit button.

5. IMPORTANT: Turn off the amplifier. Unplug its power cord from the AC out-

let. The amplifier must be grounded when plugged into AC power.

6. See Figure A.5. Connect a cable from your mixer output to the amplifier’s Channel-1 XLR

input connector.

7. Using Class 1 wiring, connect the speaker cable either to the amplifier’s top Speakon

connector (terminals 1+ and 2+, Figure A.6) or across the red binding posts of both channels (Figure A.5). Do not use the black binding posts in bridge-mono mode.

8. Turn down your mixer master faders. Plug the power cord into the amplifier and then into

an AC outlet. Turn on the front-panel power switch. The LCD Control Screen will light up (Figure A.3).

9. Using both Encoder knobs (Level controls), set Attenuation to 0 dB. Press the Menu/

Exit button, then the Next button, to access CH1 Sensitivity. Turn an Encoder knob fully

down (CCW) until the minimum dB gain is displayed. See Appendix B for details.

10. Play a program through your mixer. Set its level to peak at 0 dB or 0 VU maximum on

the mixer meters. Gradually turn up (CW) the left Encoder knob (Level control) to the desired volume for CH1. Press Exit when done.

Note: If the SPL is too high at the beginning of Step 10, press Menu/Exit, then press Next until you see ADVANCED MENU. Push an Encoder knob. Press Next until you see MAXIMUM ANALOG INPUT. Press an Encoder knob so the display reads 21 dBu. Press Menu/ Exit twice. Press Next. CH1 Sensitivity will be displayed. Gradually turn up (CW) the left Encoder knob to the desired volume for CH1. Press Exit when done.

Figure A.5 Rear Panel Connections

for Bridge-Mono Wiring

CAUTION – SHOCK HAZARD: Potentially lethal voltages exist at the output connectors when the amplifier is turned on and is passing a signal.

Figure A.4

The LCD Control Screen

Figure A.6

Wiring a Speaker to the Top

Speakon Connector for Bridge-Mono Operation

Operation Manual page 5

Table of Contents

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

Important Safety Instructions ............................................................2

Declaration of Conformity..................................................................3

Getting Started with I-Tech ................................................................4

Quick Start Guide: Stereo Wiring.......................................................4

Quick Start Guide: Bridge-Mono Wiring............................................5

Table of Contents...............................................................................6

1 Welcome ........................................................7

1.1 Features ................................................................................7

1.2 How to Use This Manual .......................................................7

2 Setup ............................................................8

2.1 Unpack and Install Your Amplifier ........................................8

2.2 Connecting to AC Mains ......................................................9

2.3 Wire Inputs and Outputs .......................................................9

3 Operation .......................................................13

3.1 Protecting Your Speakers......................................................13

3.2 Startup Procedure .................................................................13

3.3 Precautions ..........................................................................13

3.4 Front Panel Controls and Indicators .....................................14

3.5 Back Panel Controls, Indicators and Connectors ..................15

4 Advanced Operation............................................16

4.1 Advanced Operation Table of Contents..................................16

4.2 Navigating the LCD Control Screen.......................................17

4.3 Presets..................................................................................22

4.4 Digital-Audio Options (AES/EBU)..........................................22

4.5 TCP-IQ Networking...............................................................23

4.6 Software-Controllable Onboard DSP ....................................29

5 Troubleshooting ................................................ 32

6 Specifications .................................................. 34

6.1 Performance...........................................................................34

6.2 Charts.....................................................................................36

7 AC Power Draw and Thermal Dissipation .................. 37

8 Advanced Features ............................................ 40

8.1 Protection Systems ...............................................................40

8.2 Global, Switching Power Supply with PFC ...........................40

8.3 3rd Generation Class I Circuitry............................................40

8.4. Color-Coded Rear Overlay ...................................................40

8.5 Rear Rack Ears with Integral EZ-Rack Pin..............................40

9 Appendix A: TCP/IQ Network Basics......................... 41

Appendix B: Setting Sensitivity for Best Gain Staging.... 44

10 Service ......................................................... 45

11 Warranty ....................................................... 46

Crown Factory Service Information Form .........................................49

page 6

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

20 Hz - 20 kHz

I-T4000

2-ohm Dual (per ch.) 4-ohm Dual (per ch.) 8-ohm Dual (per ch.) 4-ohm Bridge 8-ohm Bridge

20 Hz - 20 kHz Power refers to guaranteed minimum power in watts with 0.35% THD.

Power

1,800W

2,000W

1,250W 3,600W 4,000W

Menu/Exit Prev Next

20 Hz - 20 kHz

I-T6000

2-ohm Dual (per ch.) 4-ohm Dual (per ch.) 8-ohm Dual (per ch.) 4-ohm Bridge 8-ohm Bridge

20 Hz - 20 kHz Power refers to guaranteed minimum power in watts with 0.35% THD.

I-T8000

2-ohm Dual (per ch.) 4-ohm Dual (per ch.) 8-ohm Dual (per ch.) 4-ohm Bridge 8-ohm Bridge

20 Hz - 20 kHz Power refers to guaranteed minimum power in watts with 0.35% THD.

Power

2,500W

3,000W

1,500W 5,000W 6,000W

20 Hz - 20 kHz

Power

3,500W

4,000W

2,100W 7,000W 8,000W

1 Welcome

The Crown® I-Tech Series offers amazing power, light weight and ease of use for touring sound applications. Unlike other amplifiers, it includes onboard DSP, an LCD control screen, and a built-in network connection.

Modern power amplifiers are sophisticated pieces of engineering capable of producing extremely high power levels. They must be treated with respect and correctly installed if they are to provide the many years of reliable service for which they were designed.

In addition, I-Tech Series amplifiers include a number of features which require some explanation before they can be used to their maximum advantage.

Please take the time to study this manual so that you can obtain the best possible service from your amplifier.

1.1 Features

• Global Power Supply with PFC (Power Factor Correction) works anywhere in the world.

• High power density, up to 8000 watts in a 2U chassis.

• Highest output voltage in the industry (200V peak) provides clean transient peaks.

• 3rd-generation patented Class I (BCA cuitry couples power efficiently to the load and provides low AC current drain.

) cir-

• Onboard DSP with 24-bit, 96 kHz Cirrus Logic A/D and D/A converters.

• Pushbutton presets simplify setup. Custom presets for various loudspeakers can be downloaded.

• AES/EBU digital audio input. Ethernet connector accepts RJ-45 connector for HiQnet™ or TCP/IQ networking. Analog and digital thru connectors.

• LCD Control Screen is used to adjust the amplifier's attenuation and muting, configure the amp, set up and view error monitoring, and recall DSP presets to reconfigure the amp for various applications.

• Comprehensive array of indicators provide accurate diagnostics: Power, Data, Bridge, along with Ready, Signal, Clip, Thermal and Fault for each channel.

• AC mains indicator in power switch glows green when AC power is present.

• Light weight due to aluminum chassis, special internal construction and switching power supply.

• Thermal management controller and two discrete thermal zones with variable-speed fans, forced-air cooling.

• The rear rack ears have a built-in EZ-Rack Pin for easier installation.

• Advanced protection circuitry guards against: shorted outputs, DC, mismatched

loads, general overheating, under/over voltage, high-frequency overloads and internal faults.

• Three-Year, No-Fault, Fully Transferable Warranty completely protects your investment and guarantees its specifications.

1.2 How to Use This Manual

This manual provides you with the necessary information to safely and correctly setup and operate your amplifier. It does not cover every aspect of installation, setup or operation that might occur under every condition. For additional information, please consult Crown’s Amplifier Application Guide (available online at www.crownaudio.com), Crown Technical Support, your system installer or retailer.

We strongly recommend you read all instructions, warnings and cautions contained in this manual. Also, for your protection, please send in your warranty registration card today. And save your bill of sale — it’s your official proof of purchase.

Operation Manual page 7

2 Setup

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

2.1 Unpack and Install Your Amplifier

Please unpack and inspect your amplifier for any damage that may have occurred during transit. If damage is found, notify the transportation company immediately. Only you can initiate a claim for shipping damage. Crown will be happy to help as needed. Save the shipping carton as evidence of damage for the shipper’s inspection.

We also recommend that you save all packing materials so you will have them if you ever need to transport the unit. Never ship the

unit without the factory pack.

YOU WILL NEED (not supplied):

• Input wiring cables

• Output wiring cables Rack for mounting amplifier (or a stable surface

for stacking)

WARNING: Before you start to set up your amplifier, make sure you read and observe the Important Safety Instructions found at the beginning of this manual.

CAUTION: Before you begin, make sure your amplifier is disconnected from the power source, with the power switch in the “off” position and all level controls turned completely down (counterclockwise).

Use a standard 19-inch (48.3 cm) equipment rack (EIA RS-310B). See Figure 2.1 for amplifier dimensions.

You may also stack amps without using a cabinet.

NOTE: When transporting, amplifiers should be supported at both front and back.

MAGNETIC FIELD

If an equipment rack is used, we recommend locating sensitive equipment at least 20 cm away from the amplifier.

When using an equipment rack, mount units directly on top of each other. Close any open spaces in rack with blank panels. DO NOT block front or rear air vents. The side walls of the rack should be a minimum of two inches (5.1 cm) away from the amplifier sides, and the back of the rack should be a minimum of four inches (10.2 cm) from the amplifier back panel.

Figure 2.2 illustrates standard amplifier airflow.

page 8

19 In.

48.3 cm

16.2 In.

41.1 cm

Figure 2.1

Dimensions

1.5 In.

3.8 cm

3.5 In.

8.9 cm

Figure 2.2 Airflow

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

2 Setup

2.2 Connecting to AC Mains

WARNING: The third (ground) prong of the supplied AC power cord connector is a required safety feature. Do not attempt to disable this ground connection by using an adapter or other methods.

Amplifiers don’t create energy. The AC mains voltage and current must be sufficient to deliver the power you expect. You must operate your amplifier from an AC mains power source with not more than a 10% variation above or a 15% variation below the amplifier’s specified line voltage range and within the specified frequency requirements (indicated on the amplifier’s back panel label). If you are unsure of the output voltage of your AC mains, please consult your electrician.

2.3 Wire Inputs and Outputs

2.3.1 Wiring basics

• Always use shielded wire for input wiring. The higher the density of the shield (the outer conductor) the better. Spiral wrapped shield is not recommended.

• When using unbalanced lines keep the cables as short as possible. Avoid lengths greater than 10 feet (3 meters).

• Do not run the audio input cables together with the high-level wiring such as loudspeaker wires or AC cords. (This lessens the chance of hum and noise being induced into the input cables.)

• Turn the entire sound system off before changing any connections. Crown is not liable for damage incurred when any transducer or component is overdriven.

THE CHANNEL 2 INPUT IS IGNORED if the amplifier is used in BridgeMono mode.

For additional information on audio input wiring please refer to the Crown Amplifier Application Guide available online at www.crownaudio.com. It contains helpful information on preventing unwanted subsonic frequencies, radio frequency interference, ground loops, and feedback oscillation.

Operation Manual page 9

2 Setup

2.3.2 Choose Input Wire and Connectors

Crown recommends using pre-built or professionally wired, balanced line (two-conductor plus shield), 22-24 gauge cables and connectors. Use 3-pin male XLR connectors.

Unbalanced line may also be used but may result in noise over long cable runs.

Figure 2.1 shows connector pin assignments for balanced analog wiring or AES/EBU digital wiring. The use of standard analog cable with AES/EBU will result in diminished performance. For best results, 110 ohm shielded twisted-pair cable for AES/EBU signals is highly recommended. Figure 2.2 shows connector pin assignments for unbalanced analog wiring.

NOTE: Custom wiring should only be performed by qualified personnel.

2.3.3 Choose Output Wire and Connectors

Crown recommends using pre-built or professionally wired, high-quality, two- or four-conductor, heavy gauge speaker wire

and connectors. Use Class 1 output wiring. You may use a 4-pole Speakon connector (Figure 2.3) or banana plugs, spade lugs, or bare wire for your output connectors (Figure 2.4). To prevent the possibility of short-circuits, wrap or otherwise insulate exposed loudspeaker cable connectors.

CAUTION – SHOCK HAZARD: Potentially lethal voltages exist at the output connectors when the amplifier is turned on and is passing a signal.

Using the guidelines below, select the appropriate size of wire based on the distance from amplifier to speaker.

Distance Wire Size

up to 25 ft. 16 AWG 26-40 ft. 14 AWG 41-60 ft. 12 AWG 61-100 ft. 10 AWG 101-150 ft. 8 AWG 151-250 ft. 6 AWG

CAUTION: Never use shielded cable for output wiring.

Figure 2.1 Balanced Analog Input Connector Wiring or AES/EBU Digital Connector Wiring

Figure 2.3 Left: Speakon Right: Speakon

Output Connector on Back Panel

Cable Connector

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

Figure 2.2 Unbalanced Analog Input Connector Wiring

page 10

5-Way Binding Post Connections

Figure 2.4

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

2 Setup

2.3.4 Stereo Mode Wiring

Typical input and output wiring is shown in Figure 2.5.

IMPORTANT: Turn off the amplifier and unplug its power cord.

INPUTS: Choose one of these options:

• Connect analog input wiring for both channels.

• Connect an AES/EBU digital signal to the AES/EBU connector.

OUTPUTS: Maintain proper polarity (+/–) on output connectors. Use

Class 1 output wiring.

Figure 2.5 shows how to wire stereo speakers to the 5-way binding

posts. Connect Channel 1 loudspeaker’s positive (+) lead to Channel 1

positive (red) terminal of amp; repeat for negative (–). Repeat Channel 2

wiring as for Channel 1.

To wire stereo speakers to the Speakon

methods:

Method 1 (Table 1 and Figure 2.6): Wire one Speakon cable connector

to two speakers. Insert the Speakon cable connector into the amplifier’s

top Speakon connector.

Method 2 (Table 2 and Figure 2.7): Plug the Channel 1 speaker into the

Channel 1 (top) Speakon connector, and plug the Channel 2 speaker

into the Channel 2 (bottom) Speakon connector.

connectors, use one of these

Figure 2.5

System Wiring,

Stereo Mode

Table 1

Stereo Wiring Method 1: Use Top Speakon Only

PIN1+1–2+2–

CH 1+ 1– 2+ 2–

Figure 2.6 Wiring Two Stereo Speakers

to the Top Speakon Connector

Table 2

Stereo Wiring Method 2: Use Both Speakons

PIN 1+ 1–

Top Speakon

CH 1+ 1–

PIN 1+ 1–

Bottom Speakon

CH 2+ 2–

Channel 1 Loudspeaker

Bottom Speakon (Channel 2)

Top Speakon (Channel 1)

Figure 2.7 Stereo Wiring Using Both Speakon Connectors

Channel 2 Loudspeaker

Operation Manual page 11

2 Setup

2.3.5 Bridge-Mono Mode

Overview: Turn on the amp, enable Bridge-Mono mode using the LCD Control

Screen, turn off the amp, wire it, and turn it back on.

1. Be sure that no cables are connected to the amplifier. Turn on the front-panel

power switch. The LCD Control Screen will light up (Figure 2.8).

2. Under the LCD Control Screen, press the Menu/Exit button. Press the Next

button until you see OUTPUT MODE on the screen.

3. Press an Encoder knob to select BRIDGE MONO. Press the knob again to confirm

your choice. Press Menu/Exit. Turn down both level controls (Encoders) until you

reach maximum attenuation.

4. IMPORTANT: Turn off the amplifier and unplug its power cord.

INPUTS: There are three ways to connect an input signal to the amplifier (Figure 2.9):

• Connect an analog signal source to the Channel-1 amplifier input.

• Connect an AES/EBU digital signal source to the Digital Input IN connector.

NOTE: Crown provides a reference of wiring pin assignments for commonly used

connector types in the Crown Amplifier Application Guide available at

www.crownaudio.com.

OUTPUTS: Use Class 1 output wiring. There are two ways to wire the amplifier output

connectors for Bridge-Mono mode:

1) Wire the speaker across the red binding post of each channel (Figure 2.9). Do not

use the black binding posts when operating in Bridge-Mono mode.

2) Wire the speaker only to the top Speakon connector as shown in Table 3 and Fig-

ure 2.10.

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

Figure 2.9 Bridge-Mono Wiring to Binding Posts

page 12

Figure 2.8 The LCD Control Screen

NOTE: In Bridge-Mono mode, the Channel 1 Level control sets the level; the Channel 2 Level control is defeated.

Table 3

Top Speakon Wiring for Bridge-Mono

PIN 1+ 2+

SPKR+ –

Figure 2.10 Wiring a Speaker in Bridge-Mono Mode to the Top Speakon Connector

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

3 Operation

3.1 Protecting Your Speakers

It's wise to avoid clipping the amplifier signal. Not only does clipping

sound bad, it can damage high-frequency drivers. To prevent clipping,

use IQwic™ or System Architect software to enable or display the peak

voltage limiter and average power limiter in your amplifier’s built-in

DSP. That way, no matter how strong a signal your mixer produces, the

amplifier will not clip. Set the limiter threshold so that mixer signals

above 0 dB or 0 VU on the mixer meters do not quite drive the ampli-

fier into clipping.

Also, avoid sending strong subsonic signals to the amplifier. High-

level, low-frequency signals from breath pops or dropped micro-

phones can blow out drivers. To prevent subsonic signals, use one of

these methods:

• Insert a highpass filter between mixer output and amplifier input (or

between mixer and limiter).

• Use the I-Tech’s onboard DSP to set up a highpass filters.

• Switch in highpass filters at your mixer. Set the filter to as high a fre-

quency as possible that does not affect your program. For example, try

35 Hz for music and 75 Hz for speech. On each mixer input channel,

set the filter frequency just below the lowest fundamental frequency of

that channel's instrument.

3.2 Startup Procedure

When first turning on your amplifier, follow the procedures in the Quick-Start Guide on page 4 (stereo) or page 5 (bridge-mono).

If you ever need to make any wiring or installation changes, don’t forget to disconnect the power cord.

For help with determining your system’s optimum gain structure (signal levels) please refer to the Crown Amplifier Application Guide, available online at www.crownaudio.com.

3.3 Precautions

Your amplifier is protected from internal and external faults, but you should still take the following precautions for optimum performance and safety:

1. Before use, your amplifier first must be configured for proper operation, including input and output wiring hookup. Improper wiring can result in serious operating difficulties. For information on wiring and configuration, please consult the Setup section of this manual or, for advanced setup techniques, consult Crown’s Amplifier Application Guide available online at www.crownaudio.com.

2. Use care when making connections, selecting signal sources and controlling the output level. The load you save may be your own!

3. Do not short the ground lead of an output cable to the input signal ground. This may form a ground loop and cause oscillations.

4. WARNING: Never connect the output to a power supply, battery or power main. Electrical shock may result.

5. Tampering with the circuitry, or making unauthorized circuit changes may be hazardous and invalidates all agency listings.

6. Do not operate the amplifier with the red Clip LEDs constantly flashing.

7. Do not overdrive the mixer, which will cause clipped signal to be sent to the amplifier. Such signals will be reproduced with extreme accuracy, and loudspeaker damage may result.

8. Do not operate the amplifier with less than the rated load impedance. Due to the amplifier’s output protection, such a configuration may result in premature clipping and speaker damage.

9. CAUTION – SHOCK HAZARD: Potentially lethal voltages exist at the output connectors when the amplifier is turned on and is passing a signal.

Remember: Crown is not liable for damage that results from overdriving other system components.

Operation Manual page 13

3 Operation

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

3.4 Front Panel Controls and Indicators

A. Cooling Vents

Front-to-rear forced airflow through foam dust filter.

LCD Control Screen and Controls

B. LCD Control Screen

Integrated LCD with white backlight, controls amplifier setup and operation.

The LCD Control Screen and its controls let the user

adjust the amplifier's attenuation and muting, configure the amp, set up and view error monitoring (such as temperature and load supervision), and recall DSP presets. The presets allow the user to quickly reconfigure the amp for various applications.

C. Level Controls (Encoders)

Speed-sensitive, 0.5 dB steps, range 0 to –100 dB. These two knobs affect the Channel-1 and Channel-2 output levels. They also select Menu items and adjust parameter values that are displayed on the LCD control screen.

D. Menu/Exit Button

“Menu” enters the main menu. “Exit” leaves the menu.

E. Prev Button

Selects the previous item in the menu.

F. N e x t Button

Selects the next item in the menu.

Thermal and Fault Indicators

G. Clip Indicator

Red LED, one per channel, illuminates when the channel’s output signal reaches the onset of audible

clipping. The Clip Indicator also will illuminate during Thermal Level Control (TLC) limiting.

H. Thermal Indicator

Red LED, one per channel, illuminates when the channel has shut down due to thermal stress or overload.

I. Fault Indicator

Red LED, one per channel, flashes when the amplifier output channel has stopped operating. Usually this means that the amplifier must be serviced.

Signal Indicators

Three green LEDS per channel indicate the amplifier’s input and output signal levels. From top to bottom the LEDs are:

J. –10 dB: amplifier output is 10 dB below clipping. K. –20 dB: amplifier output is 20 dB below clipping. L. Signal: input signal is above –40 dBu.

M. Ready Indicator

Green LED, one per channel, illuminates when the channel is initialized and ready to produce audio output. Indicator is off when the channel is set to standby mode via System Architect or the IQ system.

N. Power Indicator

Blue LED indicates amplifier has been turned on and AC power is available. The LED will flash when the AC line voltage is 15% above or below the nominal rated range.

O. Bridge Mode Indicator

Yellow LED illuminates when the amplifier is set to Bridge-Mono mode.

P. Data Indicator

Yellow LED indicates HiQnet or IQ TCP/IP data activity. Data indicator flashes only when the amplifier is polled for data, or is polled to see whether it is online.

Q. Power Switch

Push-on/push-off switch glows green when AC power is present at the power cord and the amplifier circuit breaker is in the “on” position.

page 14

Figure 3.1 Front Panel Controls and Indicators

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

3 Operation

3.5 Back Panel Controls, Indicators and Connectors

A. Fans

Provide front-to-back forced airflow for cooling.

ANALOG INPUTS SECTION

B. Balanced Analog XLR Inputs

A 3-pin female XLR connector for each channel.

C. Balanced Analog XLR Loop-Through Outputs

Two 3-pin male XLR output connectors are provided (one per channel). The signal at these connectors is paralled with the input signal for feeding the input signal to other amplifiers.

OUTPUTS SECTION

D. 4-Pole Speakon Output Connectors

Two high-current, 50A Neutrik NL4MLP (mates with NL4FC and NL4), one per channel. Class 1 output wiring required.

These two connectors accept 2-pole or 4-pole Speakon connectors. See Figures 2.5 through

2.10 and Tables 1, 2 and 3 for connector wiring. The top Speakon connector is wired for both channels so it can be used for bridgemono wiring or for stereo wiring of two speakers to a single Speakon connector.

E. 5-Way Binding Post Output Jacks

One pair per channel of high-current, 60A color-coded 5-way binding posts. Accepts banana plugs, spade lugs or bare wire.

Speakon

F. Power Cord Connector

Standard 20 amp IEC inlet. Voltage range is indicated above IEC inlet.

G. Reset Switch/Circuit Breaker If the current draw of the amplifier exceeds safe limits, this breaker automatically disconnects the power supply from the AC mains. The switch resets the circuit breaker.

DIGITAL INPUTS SECTION

H. AES/EBU Digital Input

This 3-pin female XLR connector accepts a digital signal in the AES/EBU format.

I. AES/EBU Digital Loop-through Output Male XLR active/re-clocked AES/EBU digital loop-through. The signal at this connector duplicates the digital input signal for feeding the input signal to other amplifiers.

NETWORKING SECTION

J. Preset Indicator

Yellow LED flashes to signal the number of the current preset if active.

K. Data Indicator

Yellow LED indicates HiQnet or IQ TCP/IP data activity. Data indicator flashes only when the amplifier is polled for data, or is polled to see whether it is online.

L. Network Connector

This Ethernet connector accepts an RJ-45 connector for networking. Built into the connector is a yellow LINK ACT indicator that shows network activity, and a green 100Mb indicator that shows a 100Mb network connection.

Figure 3.2 Back Panel Controls and Connectors

Operation Manual page 15

4 Advanced Operation

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

4.1 Advanced Operation Table of Contents............16

4.2 Navigating the LCD Control Screen ...................... 17

4.2.1 Introduction........................................................................17

4.2.2 Basic Menu........................................................................17

4.2.3 Advanced Menu.................................................................18

4.2.4 Monitor Menu ...................................................................19

4.2.5 Operation Examples........................................................... 21

4.2.6 Menu Tree.......................................................................... 21

4.3 Presets ........................................................ 22

4.3.1 Introduction.......................................................................22

4.3.2 User Presets......................................................................22

4.3.3 Downloadable Presets .......................................................22

4.4 Digital Audio Options (AES/EBU).......................... 22

4.5 TCP-IQ Networking .......................................... 23

4.5.1 The Network Wizard .......................................................... 23

4.5.2. Introduction...................................................................... 23

4.5.3 Glossary ............................................................................ 23

4.5.4 Install the Wiring...............................................................24

4.5.5 TCP/IQ Addressing Rules..................................................25

4.5.6 TCP/IQ Setup.....................................................................28

4.5.7 TCP/IQ Addressing Worksheet...........................................28

4.6 IQ-Controllable Onboard DSP ............................. 29

4.6.1 User Presets .....................................................................29

4.6.2 Clip Event Monitor ............................................................ 29

4.6.3 Input Signal Level Monitor ................................................29

4.6.4 Output Signal Level Monitor ..............................................29

4.6.5 Thermal Headroom Level Monitor .....................................29

4.6.6 Power/Standby Control .....................................................29

4.6.7 Signal Mute .......................................................................29

4.6.8 Polarity Inverter .................................................................29

4.6.9 Dynamic Gain Monitors (Ghost Faders) .............................29

4.6.10 Amplifier Information .......................................................29

4.6.11 User and Channel Labels .................................................29

4.6.12 Line Voltage Monitor .......................................................29

4.6.13 Error Reporting ................................................................29

4.6.14 Input Signal Compressor/Limiter .....................................30

4.6.15 Peak Voltage Limiter ........................................................30

4.6.16 Average Power Limiter .....................................................30

4.6.17 Clip Eliminator ................................................................30

4.6.18 Limiter Tie .......................................................................30

4.6.19 Load Supervision ............................................................30

4.6.20 Memory Backup Configuration ........................................30

4.6.21 Input Signal Router ..........................................................31

4.6.22 Filters ..............................................................................31

4.6.23 Delay (Latency).................................................................31

4.6.24 Noise Generator ...............................................................31

4.6.25 Sine-wave Generator .......................................................31

page 16

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

MUTE

Attenuation Preset 1 (M)

-16.5

-23.0

Attenuation Preset 12 (M)

-23.0

CH1 Sensitivity

dB Gain

RMS Volts

CH2 Sensitivity

dB Gain

RMS Volts

4 Advanced Operation

4.2 Navigating the LCD Control Screen

4.2.1 Introduction

The LCD Control Screen and its controls let you configure the amplifier and access many features that before were available only through a remote computer. Also, you can recall DSP presets for certain loudspeaker models. (Some DSP parameters cannot be adjusted with the LCD Control Screen. That is done in System Architect or IQwic.)

Figure 4.1 shows the parts of the LCD Control Screen. Its functions are described below. NOTE: Listed functions can also be controlled in System Architect or IQwic. The LCD-screen Menu Tree is on Page 21.

Figure 4.1 Parts of the LCD Control Screen

Attenuation and Bar Meters

On power-up with the factory defaults, the LCD Control Screen displays the attenuation in dB and on bar meters. To change the attenuation in either channel, turn the Encoder. Attenuation changes 0.5 dB per detent when you turn the Encoder slowly, and more when you turn the Encoder quickly. The current preset name is displayed in the upper-right corner. The (M) is explained on page 18 under Presets.

If Attenuator Limits have been set (in the Attenuator Limits screen, described later), small lines showing those limits will appear in the bar meters as shown. If the attenuators for both channels are linked (in the Attenuator Link screen, described later), the word LINK appears. If there is an error in the error log, an exclamation point

Operation Manual page 17

Attenuation Preset 12 (M)

-23.0

Mute/Unmute

• To mute either channel: Press and hold an Encoder knob for 1 second. The display will alternate between MUTE and the attenuation level. While the amplifier is muted, you can adjust attentuation for each channel by turning an Encoder knob.

• To unmute either channel: Press and hold an Encoder knob again for 1 second. The (M) is explained on page 18 under Presets.

Attenuation Preset 1 (M)

MUTE

Front Panel Lockout

The amplifier’s administrator can control access to menu mode and the amplifier’s attenuators. This lockout can be done either by the front panel buttons or by System Architect or IQ software.

To lock or unlock the menu with the front-panel buttons: press Next and Prev

simultaneously. To lock or unlock the menu with System

Architect or IQ software: in the IQwic Control Panel, go to the General Page and press the lockout button.

If the lockout is done from the software, the user can disable the lockout only in the software, not by pressing the front-panel buttons.

If the menu is locked and you press any button or turn an Encoder, the word “LOCKED” is displayed.

4.2.2 BASIC MENU

Getting around in the Menu is intuitive. Here are the basic operations:

• Press Menu/Exit to enter the main menu.

• Press Next to go to the next item in the menu.

• Press Prev

• Turn or press either Encoder knob to change the value of the dis- played parameter.

• Press Menu/Exit to leave the menu and return to the Attenuation screen at any time.

to go to the previous item in the menu.

-16.5

Some menu items require confirmation: after you request a change, the display might say “Press and hold.” To confirm a change, press and hold an Encoder knob. If you don't want the change to occur during a confirmation, turn the knob or wait five seconds.

Basic Menu Items

Contrast: Press Menu/Exit to enter the Basic Menu. The first item

on the menu you see is the Contrast screen. Turn an Encoder knob to change the contrast of the LCD screen. You can return to the Attenuation screen by pressing Menu/Exit, or go to other menu items by pressing Next or Prev.

CH1 Sensitivity: Sets the input sensitivity of Channel 1. Turn an Encoder knob to change the input sensitivity.

Note: If you do not see the sensitivity you need, try changing the Maximum Analog Input level in the Advanced Features Menu (described later). This makes different sensitivities available.

To optimize the system gain structure, see Section 3.1 in the I-Tech application Guide at www.crownaudio.com/itech/pdf/137327.pdf.

CH1 Sensitivity

RMS Volts

CH2 Sensitivity: Sets the input sensitivity of Channel 2. Turn an Encoder knob to change the input sensitivity. (This screen will not display in Bridge Mono mode).

Note: If you do not see the sensitivity you need, try changing the Maximum Analog Input level in the Advanced Features Menu (described later). This makes different sensitivities available.

CH2 Sensitivity

RMS Volts

dB Gain

-9.0

Attenuator Limits

OUTPUT LEVELS

Bar Meter Display Type

4 Advanced Operation

Presets

Preset 7(A)

Preset 5

CH1: CH2:

LF-1&2 LF-3&4

AVERAGE

LED Meter Display Type

Presets

Preset 7(M)

Preset 7

CH1: CH2:

MF-1&2 MF-3&4

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

Presets: A preset is a group of DSP and amplifier settings for a particular speaker. Turn an Encoder to view presets 1 through 20. To recall a preset, press the Encoder, then press and hold the Encoder to confirm. The last recalled preset name is displayed in the upper right corner. For more information on presets, see Section

4.3.

In the example shown below,

• Preset 7 was the last recalled preset (it’s in the upper right).

• The amplifier settings have been modified (M) since Preset 7 was loaded.

• Preset 7 will be recalled if the Encoder is pressed, making it active.

• Preset 7’s Channel-1 label is “MF–1&2”.

• Preset 7’s Channel-2 label is “MF–3&4”.

Presets

Preset 7(M)

Preset 7

CH1:

MF-1&2 MF-3&4

CH2:

In the example shown below, the user turned an Encoder knob.

• Preset 7 was the last one recalled (it’s in the upper right).

• Preset 7 is active (A). That means the amplifier state matches the preset.

• Preset 5 will be recalled if the Encoder is pressed, making it active.

• Preset 5’s Channel-1 label is “LF–1&2.”

• Preset 5’s Channel-2 label is “LF–3&4.”

Presets

Preset 7(A)

Preset 5

CH1:

LF-1&2 LF-3&4

CH2:

To download presets for a particular loudspeaker unit, visit www.IQaudiosystems.com.

Output Mode: Press an Encoder knob to select DUAL or BRIDGE (Bridge Mono). You will be prompted to confirm your choice. Press and hold an Encoder knob to confirm your choice. DUAL is the default. The Bridge indicator on the front panel will illuminate when the amplifier is bridged.

Input Y: Press an Encoder knob to select STEREO or Input Y. You will be prompted to confirm your choice. Press and hold an Encoder knob to confirm your choice. When INPUT Y is enabled, Channel 1's input signal feeds both channels. STEREO is the default. (This screen will not display in Bridge Mono mode).

Me/You Amp Finder: Allows users to identify a specific amplifier in a large network of amplifiers without having to compare address information. Me/you can be turned on/off from software and/or the front panel. Press an Encoder knob to turn on the Me/You amp finder. When on, the menu-button LEDs flash.

4.2.3 ADVANCED MENU

When you see this screen, press an Encoder knob to enter the Advanced Menu, described next. You can go to the Advanced Menu screen from the Attenuation screen by pressing

Menu/Exit > Prev > Prev.

Attenuator Limits: You can set the minimum attenuation from 0

dB to –100 dB. This feature allows you to set a limit on the attenuators. Once set, attenuation cannot be adjusted above this level. The attenuator limit appears as a line in the attenuator bar meter.

NOTE: The attenuator setting must be below the attenuator limit that you are trying to set. For example, if the attenuator is set at –3 dB, you cannot set the attenuator limit below –3 dB unless you also decrease the attenuator level.

Attenuator Limits

Attenuator Link: Allows either attenuator (Encoder) to control both channels. Push an Encoder knob to select Independent or Linked. Once the attenuators are linked, any difference in channel attenuation will be maintained, and the word LINK appears on the Attenuation screen.

LED Meter Display Type: Press either encoder to make the front-panel output LEDs display average or peak values. This menu changes the operation of the –10 and –20 output LEDs only.

LED Meter Display Type

AVERAGE

Bar Meter Display Type: You can select what the bar meters will display in the Attenuator Screen. Press an Encoder knob to select Attenuation, Input Levels, Output Levels, or Thermal %.

Attenuation is displayed as the length of the bar meters in the Attenuation screen that appears on startup. Input Levels and Output Levels are displayed as both average and peak in the bar meters.

Thermal % indicates the amplifier temperature in percent, where 100% is the maximum allowable temperature. If Thermal % reaches 100%, the amplifier is out of thermal headroom and has shut down.

Bar Meter Display Type

OUTPUT LEVELS

Clip Limiter: Limits the output signal to prevent excessive clipping. Press an Encoder knob to select ON or OFF for each channel. OFF is the default.

page 18

-9.0

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

OFF

Pink Noise Generator

-17

DIG

Input Source

A D

21dBu

Maximum Analog Input

12.0

AES/EBU Input Trim

13.5

Thermal %

OFF

Avg Power Limiter

1050

OFF

Peak Voltage Limiter

224

OFF

Load Monitoring

Normal

4 Advanced Operation

Peak Voltage Limiter: Limits the peak output voltage to a level that you set, either OFF or 0 to 255 volts. Press the Encoder to turn on the Limiter. Once it’s on, turn the Encoder to set the voltage. Additional controls, such as attack and release, are available through IQwic.

Peak Voltage Limiter

OFF

Average Power Limiter: Limits the output power to an amount that you set, from 10 watts to the maximum output power of the amplifier. Press the Encoder to turn on the Limiter. Once it’s on, turn the Encoder to set the power. Additional controls, such as nominal impedance, attack, and release, are available through IQwic.

Avg Power Limiter

OFF

Pink Noise Generator: The default setting is OFF. Press an Encoder knob to turn on the generator. Its level will read –100 dB. Adjust the noise level from –100 dB to +20 dB in 0.5 dB steps by turning Encoder 1 or 2. The level can be adjusted only when this menu option is visible. To turn off the generator, press an Encoder knob or go to another menu item.

224

1050

AES/EBU Input Trim: Sets the gain of the AES/EBU digital input signal. Turn an Encoder to change the gain.

AES/EBU Input Trim

12.0

Input Source: For each channel, press the Encoder to select analog, digital, or automatic backup source. Options are: Digital (DIG) Analog (ANLG) Digital with analog backup (A <– D) Digital with analog override (D <– A)

Digital with analog backup: The I-Tech is being fed a digital signal and an analog signal. The input is currently switched to the digital signal. If it fails, the I-Tech switches instantly to the analog signal.

Digital with analog override: The input is switched to the digital signal, and no analog signal is applied. If an analog signal is sent, the I-Tech switches instantly to the analog signal. If the analog signal fails, the I-Tech switches to the digital signal after a delay set by the Hold Time slider in the Input Section of the IQwic Signal Path Page.

Input Source

DIG

Maximum Analog Input: Press an Encoder to select +21 dBu or +15 dBu. When set to +21 dBu, the maximum input level to the amplifier is +21 dBu. When set to +15 dBu, the maximum input level to the amplifier is +15 dBu. Note: Changing this value changes the range of sensitivities available to the amplifier.

13.5

A D

4.2.4 MONITOR MENU

This menu lets you monitor the status of the amplifier. Starting from the Attenuation Screen, press Menu, then press Prev. Or, starting from the Advanced Menu screen, press Next to go to the Monitor Menu screen. Then press an Encoder knob to enter the menu.

Load Monitoring: Press an Encoder knob (or use IQwic) to turn speaker load monitoring off or on. When on, the load connected to the amplifier output is displayed. The text below the reported load indicates whether the value is within the limits set in IQwic. LOW means the load is below limits; HIGH means the load is above limits. NORMAL means the load is within limits.

Load Monitoring

OFF

Thermal %: This indicates the amplifier temperature in percent, where 100% is the maximum allowable temperature. If Thermal % reaches 100%, the amplifier is out of thermal headroom and has shut down (or will very soon).

Thermal %

Normal

Operation Manual page 19

Pink Noise Generator

OFF

-17

For more information see the I-Tech Sensitivity Charts in the

Appendix of the I-Tech Application Guide. It is available online at www.crownaudio.com/itech/pdf/137327.pdf.

Maximum Analog Input

AC Voltage: This shows the AC line voltage at the AC cord inlet to the amplifier.

21dBu

Exit: To exit the Advanced Menu and go to the Attenuation screen, press Menu/Exit once.

4 Advanced Operation

Manufacturing Info

Crown IT6000

S/N:10143

Date:0054

Low Limit Load Errors

120.1 Hrs

Last

High Limit Load Errors

None

56.1 Hrs

Last

466.5 Hrs

Operating Time

Firmware Versions

Thermal Errors

None

148.3 Hrs

Last

114

Clip Errors

111

118.4 Hrs

Last

Line Voltage Errors

70.3 Hrs

6.8 Hrs

Last

Low

High

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

Firmware Versions: Displays the firmware versions of the Display and DSP.

Firmware Versions

Manufacturing Info: Displays the amplifier model, serial number, and date code.

Manufacturing Info

Networking: Displays the amplifier’s IP address, subnet mask, HiQnet or IQ address, and MAC address.

Operating Time: This displays the number of hours the amplifier has been on since manufacture. Like a car’s odometer, it shows the total amount of operating hours and cannot be reset. All I-Techs come with a variable amount of operating time on them due to burnin and testing before shipping.

Operating Time

Note: To prolong the life of the memory devices, this value is stored only every 30 minutes. For this reason, operating time serves only as a general means of determining how long the amplifier has been “on.”

page 20

Crown IT6000

S/N:10143

Date:0054

466.5 Hrs

Clip Errors: This screen lets you view clip errors without using IQwic. A clip error occurs if the number of clip events exceeds the value set with the Count slider (within the time set by the Time slider) on the Error Reporting Page of the IQwic Control Panel.

When an error occurs, the count displayed in this screen is incremented, and the operating time since the error is displayed.

To clear this screen, press and release an Encoder. The display will prompt you to confirm your choice by pressing and holding the Encoder.

NOTE: You must use IQwic to enable error reporting and set its limits.

Clip Errors

114

118.4 Hrs

Thermal Errors: This screen lets you view thermal errors without using IQwic. A

thermal error occurs if the amplifier thermal % exceeded the value set with the Thermal slider on the Error Reporting Page of the IQwic Control Panel.

When an error occurs, the count displayed in this screen is incremented, and the operating time since the error is displayed.

To clear this screen, press and release an Encoder. The display will prompt you to confirm your choice by pressing and holding the Encoder.

NOTE: You must use IQwic to enable error reporting and set its limits.

Thermal Errors

148.3 Hrs

Low Limit Load Errors: This screen lets you view low-load errors without using IQwic. A low limit load error occurs if the load impedance falls below the value set with the Low Limit spin control on the Load Monitoring Page of the IQwic Control Panel.

When an error occurs, the count displayed in this screen is incremented, and the operating time since the error is displayed.

To clear this screen, press and release an Encoder. The display will prompt you to confirm your choice by pressing and holding the Encoder.

NOTE: You must use IQwic to enable error reporting and set its limits.

Low Limit Load Errors

120.1 Hrs

Last

111

118.4 Hrs

None

120.1 Hrs

High Limit Load Errors: This screen lets you view high limit load errors without using IQwic. A high limit load error occurs if the load impedance rises above the value set with the High Limit spin control on the Load Monitoring Page of the IQwic Control Panel.

When an error occurs, the count displayed in this screen is incremented, and the operating time since the error is displayed.

To clear this screen, press and release an Encoder. The display will prompt you to confirm your choice by pressing and holding the Encoder.

NOTE: You must use IQwic to enable error reporting and set its limits.

High Limit Load Errors

Last

None

High

70.3 Hrs

56.1 Hrs

Line Voltage Errors: This screen lets you view line-voltage errors without using IQwic. A line voltage error occurs if the line voltage falls outside the values set with the High/Low Limits slider on the Line Voltage Page of the IQwic Control Panel.

When an error occurs, the count displayed in this screen is incremented, and the operating time since the error is displayed. The “Low” and “High” indicators show whether the line voltage was below or above the line-voltage limits.

To clear this screen, press and release an Encoder. The display will prompt you to confirm your choice by pressing and holding the Encoder.

NOTE: You must use IQwic to enable error reporting and set its limits.

Line Voltage Errors

Low

6.8 Hrs

Exit: To exit the Monitor Menu and go to the Attenuation screen, press Menu/Exit once.

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

4 Advanced Operation

4.2.5 Operation Examples

Operation Example 1 How to set the CH1 input sensitivity using the LCD Control Screen:

1. After power-up, press Menu/Exit. The first menu item appears: the Contrast screen.

2. Press Next until you see “CH1 Sensitivity.”

3. Turn an Encoder to set the sensitivity. NOTE: If you do not see the sensitivity you want, try changing the Maximum Analog Input level (see below).

4. Press Menu/Exit.

Operation Example 2

How to set the Maximum Analog Input level using the LCD Control Screen:

1. After power-up, press Menu/Exit. The first menu item appears: the Contrast screen.

2. Press Prev until you see “Advanced Menu.”

3. Push an Encoder knob.

4. Press Next

5. Press an Encoder to change the maximum analog input level.

6. Press Menu/Exit.

Operation Example 3

How to monitor the Thermal Errors using the LCD Control Screen:

1. After power-up, press Menu/Exit. The first menu item appears: the Contrast screen.

2. Press Prev. You will see “Monitor Menu.”

3. Push an Encoder knob.

4. Press Next until you see “Thermal Errors.”

4.2.6 Menu Tree As a handy reference, Figure 4.2 shows the menu structure of the

LCD control screen. Once you are in a menu, you can loop through its selections using the Next and Prev buttons. The Menu/Exit button returns you to the Attenuation screen which you see on power-up.

You access the Monitor Menu title screen from the Attenuation screen by pressing Menu/Exit > Prev. You access the Advanced Menu title screen from the Attenuation screen by pressing Menu/Exit > Prev > Prev.

until you see “Maximum Analog Input.”

MENU TREE

Attenuation - Mute - Lockout

Menu button

BASIC MENU

Contrast (Prev goes to Monitor Menu) CH1 Sensitivity CH2 Sensitivity Presets Output Mode Input Y Me/You Amp Finder Advanced Menu screen

Exit

Monitor Menu screen

ADVANCED MENU

(press knob to access these items:) Attenuator Limits Attenuator Link LED Meter Display Type Bar Meter Display Type Clip Limiter Peak Voltage Limiter Average Power Limiter

Exit

Pink Noise Generator AES/EBU Input Trim Input Source Maximum Analog Input

MONITOR MENU

(press knob to access these items:) Load Monitoring Thermal % AC Voltage Operating Time Firmware Manufacturing Info Networking

Exit

Clip Errors Thermal Errors Low Limit Load Errors High Limit Load Errors Line Voltage Errors

Figure 4.2 Menu Tree of the I-Tech LCD Control Screen

Operation Manual page 21

4 Advanced Operation

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

4.3 Presets

4.3.1 Introduction

Your I-Tech amplifier has a wide variety of onboard Digital Signal Processing (DSP). Some applications for this DSP are speaker configuration (setting the drive levels, frequency bands, delays and limiting for your particular speakers), EQ, filtering, compression, and much more. Those functions are described in Section 4.6. IQwic software lets you adjust the DSP settings, such as filter slope, compression ratio, EQ frequency bands, and so on.

A preset is a group of DSP settings that configure the amp for a specific application. For example, you might use one preset that optimizes the amp’s DSP for a JBL Vertec Line Array. You might use another preset that sets up the DSP for a stereo pair of loudspeakers of your choice. You can choose any of 20 presets with the LCD Control Screen.

The I-Tech amplifier works with two types of presets:

1. User presets. Using IQwic, you can create your own custom DSP presets, label them, and send them to the I-Tech amplifier. The amp stores those presets in firmware. You can recall those presets from the LCD Control Screen.

2. Downloadable presets. Crown and JBL engineers have designed presets that are optimized for various JBL loudspeakers, such as Vertec Line Arrays. You can download presets from the Crown Support Forum at http://www.crownaudio.com/forums/. Then in IQwic, send the preset files to the I-Tech amplifier, where you can recall them from the LCD Control Screen.

We will describe each type of preset in detail.

4.3.2 User Presets

User presets are DSP presets that you set up. This is the basic procedure:

1. Adjust the DSP settings as desired in the IQwic software (not with the LCD Control Screen).

2. Save this group of settings as preset. Give it a label.

3. Download the preset to the I-Tech amplifier. See the Presets Help file in IQwic for details. Basically, you will open and engage a data frame.

4. Select that preset from the LCD Control Screen. The preset will automatically set the DSP parameters as you set them up in IQwic.

Setting the parameters of the DSP in the I-Tech amplifier is done using the IQwic software, not by the amplifier’s LCD Control Screen. For example, if you want to set filter Q, compression ratio, or graphic EQ, you would do so within the IQwic software.

Adjusting DSP parameters within IQwic can be done in two ways: with a software Wizard or directly. The Wizard asks a series of questions to help you set up DSP parameters for loudspeakers.

If you need to do more advanced control than the Wizard offers, you can set the parameters directly. If you need assistance, in IQwic select Help, then select Adjusting DSP.

After setting the DSP parameters as desired,

1. Save them as a preset in IQwic. Presets are stored and recalled through the Presets Page in IQwic. See the Presets Help file in IQwic for details.

2. Download the preset to the I-Tech amplifier. See the Presets Help file in IQwic for details. Basically, you will open and engage a data frame.

3. When you want to recall the preset, select it on the LCD Control Screen.

4.3.3 Downloadable Presets

Crown and JBL engineers have designed I-Tech DSP presets that are optimized for various JBL loudspeakers, such as Vertec Line Arrays. To use them, follow this procedure:

1. Go to the I-Tech website at www.crownaudio.com/itech/.

2. Select Downloads.

3. Click on the preset of your choice. It will download to your computer.

4. In IQwic, select File > Open. Browse to the downloaded preset file and

open it.

5. In IQwic, see the Help file on Presets for details on downloading the pre-

set to an I-Tech amplifier. Basically, you will open and engage a data frame. The file will overwrite the preset you designate.

6. Recall the preset from the LCD Control Screen. Then your amp will be

configured to work with the specified loudspeaker model.

4.4 Digital Audio Options (AES/EBU)

Digital audio inputs allow you to keep the amplifier input signals in the digital domain. Keeping the input signal digital reduces the number of Digital-to-Analog and Analog-to-Digital conversions. This provides better sound quality and reduces pickup of electrical interference.

The AES/EBU connector provides the most widely accepted format. Connect an AES/EBU signal to the AES/EBU connector on the rear panel.

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4.5 TCP/IQ Networking

4.5.1 The Network Wizard

If you are setting up a dedicated audio network that is not part of another network, you can use the Network Wizard to set up your network easily.

1. Open IQwic.

2. Select Setup > Network Wizard.

3. Follow the instructions on the screen.

4. When done, skip to Section 4.6.

4.5.2 Introduction

I-Tech amps connect directly to IQ networks with TCP/IQ protocol. This permits extensive amp and speaker diagnostics and control by computer. For example, your amplifier’s DSP functions can be controlled and monitored by a computer running IQwic software.

The computer connects to the amplifier on a TCP/IQ network via a Category 5 cable plugged into the Network connector on the back of the amplifier. The TCP/IQ format uses off-the-shelf, fast (100 Mb) Ethernet connections.

Every component in a TCP/IQ network is identified by a unique address. Before you set up a TCP/IQ network with addressing, it’s important to understand all the terms involved. The following glossary explains network terminology. It is arranged in logical order rather than alphabetical order.

4.5.3 Glossary

Network: A group of interconnected components, such as a central computer, network switching equipment, and other computers or devices.

TCP/IQ network: A network made of a computer, network switching equipment, and other audio devices such as IQ-PIP cards plugged into power amps. Since each I-Tech amp connects directly to a network, each amp is also a network component.

Subnet: A small network within a larger network. For example, a TCP/IQ audio network might be a subnet of a venue’s network, which could include computers throughout the building. Or an audio network might be divided into subnets. For example, one audio subnet might be for the house system and another audio subnet might be for the paging system.

IP address: An identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/IP network. Each device in a network has its own IP address to identify it. Example: 126.126.17.42. Networks using the TCP/IP protocol route messages based on the IP address of the destination. An IP address is made of four numbers separated by periods. Each number can be zero to 255. The last number can never be a zero or 255. For example, 126.126.17.1 could be an IP address.

126.126.17.0 would not be a valid IP address.

A TCP/ IP or IP address has two parts: the NETWORK ID and the HOST ID. The NETWORK ID identifies the network, and the HOST ID identifies either the subnet and device, or just the device if there is no subnet.

The subnet mask is a code that indicates which part of the TCP/IP address is the NETWORK ID and which part is the HOST ID. In subnet-mask code, 255 means “This part of the address is the NETWORK ID”.

Example: Suppose the IP ADDRESS of a device is 126.126.17.42 and the SUBNET MASK is 255.255.0.0.

That means, (126.126) is the NETWORK ID. The remaining set of numbers (17.42) is the HOST ID. If your audio network stands alone (it is not part of a larger network) then the HOST ID identifies each device in the network.

If your audio network is part of a venue’s larger network, your network is actually a sub-network or subnet. In this case, the HOST ID can be further divided into two or more parts. The first part is the SUBNET ID. The other part is the DEVICE ID. The first part of the HOST ID identifies the subnet of your audio system, and the remaining part identifies the particular device within that subnet.

So in this case, a complete IP address is in the form NETWORK ID - SUBNET ID - DEVICE ID.

All devices in the network have the same network ID. All devices in a subnet have the same subnet ID.

There are many resources available on the Internet for IP and subnet calculation. For a stand-alone system, Crown has provided a worksheet of a tested configuration later in this section.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): This is a protocol for automatically assigning IP addresses to devices on a network. With dynamic (DHCP) addressing, a device might have a different IP address every time it connects to the network. If a computer is NOT connected to a network with a DHCP server, the computer will place a default network ID into the TCP/IP address and Subnet Masks.

TCP/IQ does not use DHCP. A computer attached to a TCP/IQ network must have its IP addresses assigned statically (manually).

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4.5.4 Install the Wiring

IMPORTANT: Please read the wiring rules below before installing the wiring. If your computer does not communicate with the network devices after installation and addressing, reread this section, as well as Section 4.5.5 on TCP/IQ addressing rules.

Connect each device to the network through its own cable in a Star Network. Do not connect them in a serial fashion (as was done with the previous IQ current loop method).

Make sure each device has its own Category 5 certified cable connecting it to a central concentrator, most often a switch (as in Figure 4.3).

Detailed instructions follow.

1. Using a standard Category 5 cable, connect the network connector to a 100 Mb port on an Ethernet switch that is used to form the TCP/IQ control network. For more detail see Section 9 TCP/IQ Network Basics. If the amplifier is not to be connected to a TCP/IQ control network, it can be temporarily connected to a computer’s Ethernet port with a crossover cable (TX and RX pairs switched) to set up the amplifier for desired operation.

2. Connect the audio input wiring. See Section 2.3.2 for more detail on audio wiring.

3 Reconnect the amplifier’s power cord.

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

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Figure 4.3

TCP/IQ Network Wiring

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4.5.5 TCP/IQ Addressing Rules

In the next section, you will be assigning TCP/IP addresses to the devices in your network. When you do so, be sure to follow the addressing rules below. Otherwise, the computer may not communicate with the devices.

1. Turn off DHCP (automatic addressing). This will be done in Instruction 1C, described later.

2. Assign each device a static (fixed) IP address. An IP address is made of four numbers separated by periods. Each number can be zero to 255. The last number can never be a zero or 255. For example, 126.126.17.1 could be an IP address. 126.126.17.0 would not be a valid IP address.

3. Make sure that the computer and all the devices have the same NETWORK IDs in their addresses. This tells the computer that all those devices are on the same network. Various tools are available to determine whether devices are on the same network. In TCP/IQ utility described later, if items are NOT on the same network, they are highlighted in the list.

4. Make sure that each component has its own TCP/IP address, and there are no duplicate addresses. The same holds true for IQ addresses.

5. Assign a subnet mask. Make it the same for all devices on the network. If the network you are assembling will interconnect with other networks, your network is considered to be a subnet within the larger network. Check with the network administrator to determine the proper Subnet Mask for your subnet.

If you have a stand-alone network, set the Subnet Mask to 255.255.0.0 for all components, including the computer.

Note: Just because two components have the same subnet mask does not mean that they are on the same network. As we said, the subnet mask just tells what part of the TCP/IP address is the Network ID.

1. Select Settings > Control Panel > Network Connections (Figure 4.4). Set a static TCP/IP address and Subnet mask on the master computer. Document the address and mask.

Figure 4.4 Selecting Settings > Control Panel

1A. Right-click on LAN Connections. Then select Internal > Properties (Figure 4.5).

Result of Clicking LAN Connections > Internal

Figure 4.5

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1B. Once the Properties window opens (Figure 4.6), click on Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).

Figure 4.6 Internal Properties Window

1C. We recommend that you uncheck “Obtain an IP address automatically”, and check “Use the following address.” If you decide to set an IP address manually, specify an IP address. The IP address is four numbers between 1 and 255 separated by periods. For example, 126.126.0.1.

Select a subnet mask. The subnet mask is four numbers between 1 and 255 separated by periods. For example, 255.255.0.0.

1D. Click OK and close the Control Panel. At this point, some computer operating systems will require a restart.

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The Internet Protocol (TCP/IQ) Properties window appears (Figure 4.7). Disable Virtual Private Network or other encryption settings.

See Section 4.5.7, TCP/IQ Addressing Worksheet, later in this document. Open the supplied Excel worksheet called IQ Worksheet.XLS.

Figure 4.7 Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties Window

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2. Select IQ Systems > IQwic > TCPIQ Utility (Figure 4.8). This launches the TCPIQ Utility on the master computer.

Figure 4.8 Selecting IQ Systems > IQwic > TCPIQ Utility

2A. The master computer should discover the TCP/IQ products (Figure 4.9). If not, please re-read Section 4.5.4 on wiring rules and Section 4.5.5 on addressing rules. Also read Chapter 5, Troubleshooting.

2B. Once TCP/IQ Utility has launched, select a single component and click on Set Address. In the Set Address window (Figure 4.10), set up a TCP/IQ address—it must be unique. Then set up the same Subnet mask for all of the components as well as the master computer. Set the IQ address, and select Send Code.

2C. Close the software. Repeat as necessary.

Figure 4.10 Set Address Window

3. Launch IQwic (Figure 4.11) and run a roll call. If there are problems, please re-read Section 4.5.3 on wiring rules and Section 4.5.5 on addressing rules. Also read Chapter 5, Troubleshooting.

Figure 4.9 Example of Discovered Components

Figure 4.11 Selecting IQ Systems > IQwic

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4.5.6 TCP/IQ Setup

This example is based on a stand-alone system using switches and routers. The screen captures were done in Windows 2000; your exact configuration may vary. If your computer uses a network for other applications, please check with your Information Technology Department before making any changes. Section 4.5.7 includes a helpful worksheet for assigning addresses.

4.5.7 TCP/IQ Addressing Worksheet

Table 4 is an example of valid TCP/IP addresses on a stand-alone network. If the TCP/IQ network is going to be shared with other people, check with the Network Administrator for their addressing scheme. Without getting into all of the networking rules, the table lists approximately 20 network addresses out of a possible 65,534 addresses on this network. There are other addresses that are valid; these are just shown as a starting point.

• The Subnet Mask for all components, including the computer, needs to be set to

255.255.0.0.

• Each computer running IQwic software must have a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0. It also must be assigned one of the addresses listed on the following table.

• A space has been left to the right of all the addresses. This area is for your notes, such as the IQ address or the component type.

In the CD-ROM that came with your I-Tech amplifier is an Excel spreadsheet that you can use to keep track of TCP/IQ addresses.

Tab le 4

EXAMPLE OF AN IQ ADDRESSING WORKSHEET

ADDRESS IQ ADDRESS MODEL DESCRIPTION CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 2

126.126.0.1 COMPUTER

126.126.0.2 2 I-T8000 #1 RACK ROOM LEFT CLUSTER RIGHT CLUSTER

126.126.0.3

126.126.0.4

126.126.0.5

126.126.0.6

126.126.0.7

126.126.0.8

126.126.0.9

126.126.0.10

126.126.0.11

126.126.0.12

126.126.0.13

126.126.0.14

126.126.0.15

126.126.0.16

126.126.0.17

126.126.0.18

126.126.0.19

126.126.0.20

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4.6 Software-Controllable Onboard DSP

Crown’s latest-generation Digital Signal Processing is built into the I-Tech amplifier. Its 24-bit/96kHz converters offer extremely low noise and extended dynamic range. When you use an I-Tech amp, the loudspeaker processors, crossovers, limiters and delays are in the onboard DSP – so you don’t need those rack-mounted devices. This drastically cuts setup time, commissioning, rack space and costs.

The I-Tech’s DSP can be monitored and controlled with a computer running IQwic software, and connected to the amplifier Network Connector by a network Category 5 cable.

Some applications for this DSP are:

• Set up signal flow

• Optimize system gain structure

• Set up speaker configurations (set the drive levels, frequency bands, delays and limiting for your particular speakers)

• Set up EQ, filtering, compression, and much more.

Listed below are the available DSP functions.

4.6.1 User Presets

The control settings for all the functions can be stored as presets.Up to 20 presets can be saved in the I-Tech amp’s nonvolatile memory. Each preset can be named with a 30 character name describing its function, which is also stored in memory.

• The Store Preset Control saves the current setting to the specified preset.

• The Recall Preset Control recalls the specified preset settings.

• The Preset Valid Monitor indicates if a change has been made to

any setting since the last time a preset has be saved or recalled.

• The Last Stored or Recalled Preset Monitor indicates what the Last Stored or Recalled preset is.

4.6.2 Clip Event Monitor

A clip detector is provided each channel. These monitors will indicate any clip condition (> 0.05% distortion) in the amplifier channel. The clip detectors also can indicate Thermal Level Control limiting or incorrect setting of Stereo/Bridge-mono mode in the LCD-screen menu.

4.6.3 Input Signal Level Monitor

The input signal level of each channel can be monitored. The measurement range is from +20dBu to –40dBu with 0.5dBu resolution. Each audio channel has the following monitors:

• Analog Audio Input: The audio input at the Balanced Audio Inputs of the I-Tech amplifier.

• Switched Audio Input: The audio input after the Input Audio Router.

4.6.4 Output Signal Level Monitor

The output signal level of each channel can be monitored. The measurement range is from 0 dB to –40 dB with 0.5 dB resolution. The monitors are scaled so that 0 dB is referenced to the full rated output voltage of the amplifier.

4.6.5 Thermal Headroom Level Monitor

The thermal headroom level of each channel can be monitored with the software. This level represents the percent of available power/thermal capacity that is currently being used within the output section of the amplifier. When the thermal headroom level reaches 100%, the amplifier cannot produce any more power and it will begin to protect the output devices by limiting their drive level. The thermal limiter feature of the I-Tech’s DSP can be set to engage at a pre-selected thermal level.

4.6.6 Power/ Standby Control

Each channel can be independently turned on and off.

4.6.7 Signal Mute

The output signal of each channel can be independently muted. This function produces 60 dB or more of attenuation.

4.6.8 Polarity Inverter

The input signal polarity of each channel can be independently inverted.

4.6.9 Dynamic Gain Monitors (Ghost Faders)

These indicators let the user monitor the actual signal path gain. The actual gain may vary from the input attenuator settings as a result of compression and limiting. On standard IQwic software control panels, these indicators appear as flying ghost faders behind the input attenuator controls.

4.6.10 Amplifier Information

Information about the amplifier is stored in the IQwic software system inventory and is displayed on the software control panels. Information includes manufacturer, model, date code, and serial number.

4.6.11 User and Channel Labels

The I-Tech amplifier can store two user labels and two channel labels. These labels are 30-character strings that can be set by the user to indicate the function of the amplifier and its channels. For example, “LOWER RIGHT CLUSTER, FOR DELAY.”

4.6.12 Line Voltage Monitor

The AC line voltage supplied to the amplifier can be displayed with this function. No user input is required.

4.6.13 Error Reporting

The I-Tech amplifier can detect four different error conditions per channel and errors in the AC line voltage. Each error type can be individually configured to report the error through the network and/or the AUX port. Network reported errors appear in the IQ System Window. The IQwic software offers many options to further report errors, including audible alerts, printout, email, pager, serial port and fax. The following describes each error source.

CLIP: The I-Tech can be configured to report if an excessive number of clip events occur in either amplifier channel. The clip events are consider an error if they exceed the defined count per the defined unit of time. The Count Control sets the maximum number of events before the error is reported. The range is 1 to 100. The Time Control defines the amount of time that the events are counted before starting the counting process over. Its range is 1 to 10 seconds. Note: Clip events are defined as the start of each clip and every 10 milliseconds the amplifier is in clip thereafter. Using a high count setting with a short time setting may result in clip error never being detected.

THERMAL: Errors can be generated for excessive temperature in the output section of the amplifier channel. The Threshold Control sets the level that, if exceeded, will generate the error report. This control has a range of 1 to 100%.

LOAD: If the load monitoring feature is activated, an error report can be generated if the load impedance moves outside the pre-selected range.

LINE VOLTAGE: The AC line voltage can be monitored and an error generated whenever the voltage is outside of the limits set by the software.

Error

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4.6.14 Input Signal Compressor/Limiter

An input signal compressor/limiter is available for each channel. Five parameters control this feature:

Enable: Enables or disables this function.

Threshold: Sets the level, in dBu, above which the compressor

begins to attenuate the input signal. This level corresponds to the input level meter reading. The compressor is “feed-forward,” meaning that the level detection point is located before the gain control stage. The range is from +20 dBu to – 50 dBu.

Hysteresis: A “dead zone” that ensures a significant change before acting. The range is from 0 to 12 dB. It requires the signal to go above the upper threshold before engaging and to go below the lower threshold before releasing.

Attack Time: Sets the attack time of the compressor. The attack time is defined as the time it takes the compressor to attenuate the signal gain by 20 dB. The range is from 1 millisecond to 0.1 second.

Release Time: Sets the release time of the compressor. The release time is defined as the time it takes the compressor to increase the signal gain by 20 dB. The range is from 10 milliseconds to 10 seconds.

Compression Ratio: Sets the compression ratio of the compressor. The ratio is the relation between the amount of attenuation applied by the compressor verses the amount that the input signal is over the threshold. The available settings are 2:1 to 32:1.

Beyond the three controls for each channel, a single-control Com- pressor Tie connects the compressors together. The compressors are tied at their sense points, meaning that the greater of the two input signals will be used as stimulus for both compressors. Each compressor will still compress based on its individual threshold, attack, release and ratio settings.

4.6.15 Peak Voltage Limiter

This limits the peak voltage output of the amplifier. Four parameters control this limiter for each channel:

Enable: Enables or disables this function.

Threshold: Sets the level, in absolute voltage, which the limiter will

allow from the amplifier. The range is from 12 V

Attack Time: Sets the attack time of the limiter. The attack time is defined as the time it takes the limiter to attenuate the output signal by 20 dB. The range is from 1 millisecond to 100 milliseconds.

Release Time: Sets the release time of the compressor. The release time is defined as the time it takes the limiter to increase the output signal by 20 dB. The range is from 10 milliseconds to 10 seconds.

4.6.16 Average Power Limiter

This limits the long-term output power of the amplifier. Four parameters control this limiter for each channel:

Enable: Enables or disables this limiter.

Threshold: Sets the average power level, in watts, which the limiter

will allow from the amplifier channel. The range is from 10 watts to 10,000 watts. This level should be set to the connected loudspeaker’s long-term power rating. Also you must enter the loudspeaker’s nominal impedance.

Attack Time: Sets the attack time of the limiter. The attack time is defined as the time it takes the limiter to attenuate the output signal by 20 dB. The range is from 1 second to 30 seconds.

Release Time: Sets the release time of the compressor. The release time is defined as the time it takes the limiter to increase the output signal by 20 dB. The range is from 1 second to 30 seconds.

4.6.17 Clip Eliminator

This limiter monitors the clip events and attenuates the input signal to prevent amplifier clipping. The attack and release times are preset to optimum rates. Only one parameter controls this limiter. “Enable” enables or disables this limiter.

4.6.18 Limiter Tie

This control forces both channels to track by using the greatest (worst case) attenuation of any limiter from either channel. With this option disabled, each channel will independently take the greatest attenuation of its own four limiters (voltage, power, clip, thermal) and ignore the limiting of the other channel. Note that this function does not include the effects of the input compressors. To tie the input compressors, use the Compressor Tie function.

to 255 V

pk.

4.6.19 Load Supervision

The load supervision feature allows real-time monitoring of the load connected to each amplifier channel. When enabled, the I-Tech continuously monitors the amplifier output voltage and current, and calculates the long-term average load impedance. The measured load impedance is compared against the user-defined high and low limits. If either limit is exceeded, the status indicator and, if enabled, the IQwic Error Reporting functions alert the user of the problem. There are six controls and two indicators for each channel:

Enable: Enables or disables the load-supervision function.

High Limit: Sets the upper bound above which the system will report

a “high” error status.

Low Limit: Sets the lower bound below which the system will report a “low” error status.

Nominal Load Impedance: Sets the expected average impedance for the connected load. This value determines the output signal level required for the test. This parameter is also used by the average power limiter to determine the expected power threshold. (See Section

4.6.16).

Report Error to Network: Enables Error Reporting to send an error report via the network so that high and low load conditions are reported to the IQ software.

Test Indicator: This indicator is active when the amplifier output signal is sufficient to allow load impedance calculation and test verification.

Low/Normal/High Indicator: This indicator shows the present status of the load impedance with respect to the user-defined high and low limits.

Z Average Monitor: Reports the actual calculated average load impedance in ohms. Its range is from 0 ohms to 250 ohms.

4.6.20 Memory Backup Configuration

In normal operation, the I-Tech amplifier stores all its settings in nonvolatile memory. When the power is removed from the amplifier and then restored, the amplifier uses these backed-up settings for its functions. This feature can be disabled with the memory backup enable

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control. When the memory backup is disabled, the amplifier stops storing changes made to its settings. When the next power-up occurs the amplifier uses the settings that were active when the backup feature was disabled.

CAUTION: Care should be taken to backup “safe” levels for the input attenuator controls. It is possible for the memory backup feature to be disabled with “unsafe” levels stored. This may result in significantly greater system gain the next time power is reapplied to the amplifier.

4.6.21 Input Signal Router

Each channel of the I-Tech’s signal processing has an Input Signal Router that allows the choice of audio signal that will be used by the channel. The user may choose one of the following configurations:

• Analog Audio: This is the audio input from the audio connector on the back panel of the amp. Choices for the Analog Audio input are Channel 1, Channel 2, or a sum of Channels 1 and 2.

• Digital Audio: This is the audio input from the AES/EBU connector on the back panel of the amp.

4.6.22 Filters

Each audio channel has five separate places where filters can be placed in the system. Up to 64 filters can be placed anywhere within the system. In addition to filtering, each possesses up to +/-24dB of gain. The following filters are available:

• Lowpass: Bessel 2-4, Butterworth1-4, and Linkwitz-Riley 4

• Highpass: Bessel 2-4, Butterworth1-4, and Linkwitz-Riley 4

• Lowshelf: Low-frequency shelving EQ

• Highshelf: High-frequency shelving EQ

• Lowpass EQ: Variable Q from 0.1 to 35

• Highpass EQ: Variable Q from 0.1 to 35

• Parametric EQ: Variable Q from 0.1 to 35

• All Pass: 1st and 2nd order

All Pass filters provide no gain change to the output, but provide a phase change at the selected frequency. This corrects the phase relationship of the output without a gain reduction, such as is found in other filters.

4.6.23 Delay (Latency)

Due to the nature of DSP processing, there is some inherent delay or latency within the I-Tech’s DSP. These delays are:

• 1.13mS analog

• 2.36mS digital (44.1 kHz)

4.6.24 Noise Generator

Each channel has an independent uncorrected noise generator that allows noise to be mixed into the audio signal. This is useful for noise masking applications and testing. Each channel has the following controls:

• Noise On/Off: The channel’s noise generator can be independently turned on.

• Noise Type: Full spectrum white noise or pink noise.

• Noise Level: A fader to allow the noise level to be controlled.

4.6.25 Sine-wave Generator

A sine-wave signal generator allows the mixing of a single tone into the audio signal. Typical applications can be for the injection of a high frequency tone (19kHz) into the signal in paging type system to continually drive the speaker, allowing continuous monitoring of the speaker load. The following controls exist:

• Sine On/Off: The sine-wave signal generator’s function.

• Sine Frequency: Controllable from 20Hz to 20kHz.

• Sine Level: Each channel’s sine-wave signal level can be indepen-

dently controlled.

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“Off/Flashing/On” means that the LED can be off, or flashing, or on.

CONDITION: Power indicator is off and power switch is not illuminated.

POSSIBLE REASON

• The amplifier has lost AC power.

• The amplifier is not plugged into the power receptacle.

• Rear-panel breaker is off.

CONDITION: Power indicator is off and power switch is illuminated.

POSSIBLE REASON

• The amplifier’s Power switch is off.

CONDITION: Power indicator is flashing.

POSSIBLE REASON:

• The AC line voltage has dropped below 15% or has risen above 15% of the rated range.

CONDITION: Thermal indicator is on.

POSSIBLE REASON:

• The amplifier is becoming too hot for safe operation. Allow amplifier to cool. Check for loads less than 2 ohms, and for excessive input levels. Check for proper ventilation.

CONDITION: Fault indicator is flashing.

POSSIBLE REASON:

• The amplifier channel has stopped operating. Refer the unit to an authorized Crown Service Center.

CONDITION: Distorted sound.

POSSIBLE REASON:

• Load is wired incorrectly or Output Mode switch in LCD-screen menu is set incorrectly. Check both.

• Input is overloaded by a signal level that is too high. Turn down your amplifier level controls (Encoders), or turn down the input signal, until the clip light goes out.

Note: If the signal sounds distorted even though the Clip LED is off, the input signal may be distorted before it reaches the amplifier input. Check gain staging and output levels of the mixer or preamp.

page 32

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

5 Troubleshooting

CONDITION: No sound, even though the amp has power. Power LED is on with-

out flashing and the amp is receiving an input signal. Signal indicator is on or flashing.

POSSIBLE REASON:

• Speakers not connected.

• Open circuit due to speaker failure.

• There is a short on the amplifier output. First disconnect your speakers from the affected channel(s) one by one to determine if one of the loads is shorted.

• Ready LED is off. Channel has been set to standby mode via the software.

CONDITION: Data indicator not flashing, even though host computer IQ software is active.

POSSIBLE REASON:

• Cable between computer and amplifier is broken or not connected.

Note: Data indicator flashes only when the amplifier is polled for data, or is polled to see whether it is online.

CONDITION: Yellow LINK ACTIVITY indicator in Ethernet connector does not illuminate or flash.

POSSIBLE REASON:

• Ethernet link is broken.

CONDITION: Yellow LINK ACT indicator is on but green 100Mb indicator in Ethernet connector does not illuminate.

POSSIBLE REASON:

• Network connection is 10 Megabits.

CONDITION: No input signal. Signal indicator is not flashing even though audio is applied, and the channel is ready.

POSSIBLE REASON:

• Input signal level is very low.

CONDITION: Computer does not communicate with the network devices.

POSSIBLE REASON:

• Incorrect wiring. See Section 4.5.4 on wiring.

• IP Addressing is not done correctly. See Section 4.5.5 on addressing rules.

Operation Manual page 33

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

6 Specifications

6.1 Performance

Minimum Guaranteed Power I-T4000 I-T6000 I-T8000

20 Hz - 20 kHz with 0.35% THD

Stereo, 2 ohms (per ch.) Stereo, 4 ohms (per ch.) Stereo, 8 ohms (per ch.) Bridge mono, 4 ohms Bridge mono, 8 ohms

Performance I-T4000 I-T6000 I-T8000

1800W 2000W 1250W 3600W 4000W

2500W 3000W 1500W 5000W 6000W

3500W 4000W 2100W 7000W 8000W

Input Sensitivity (volts RMS) for rated output Adjustable in 0.1V steps from

Voltage Gain for full rated power at 8 ohms 37.1 dB to 22.2 dB 37.9 dB to 23.0 dB 39.3 dB to 24.5 dB

Frequency Response (at 1 watt, 20Hz - 20 kHz) ± 0.25 dB ± 0.25 dB ± 0.25 dB

Signal to Noise Ratio below rated full-bandwidth power, A-weighted > 105 dB > 105 dB > 105 dB

Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) at full rated power < 0.35% < 0.35% < 0.35%

Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) 60 Hz and 7 kHz at 4:1, from full rated output to –35 dB

Maximum Input Level +15 dBu or +21 dBu,

depending on setting of maximum input level

Latency (analog, digital inputs) Analog: 1.13 mS. Digital: See Table 5 below. Analog: 1.13 mS. Digital: See Table 5 below. Analog: 1.13 mS. Digital: See Table 5 below.

A/D, D/A Converters 24-bit 96 kHz Cirrus Logic 24-bit 96 kHz Cirrus Logic 24-bit 96 kHz Cirrus Logic

Digital Input AES/EBU, 24-bit, 32-96 kHz.

Network Onboard HiQnet and TCP/IQ, compatible with

standard 100Mb Ethernet hardware

DSP 24-bit conversion with 32-bit, floating-point

Attenuators Speed-sensitive rotary encoders, 0.5 dB steps,

1.4V to 7.75V

< 0.35% < 0.35% < 0.35%

Onboard sample rate converter.

DSP processing

range 0 to –100 dB.

Adjustable in 0.1V steps from

1.4V to 7.75V

+15 dBu or +21 dBu,

depending on setting of maximum input level

AES/EBU, 24-bit, 32-96 kHz.

Onboard sample rate converter.

Onboard HiQnet and TCP/IQ, compatible with

standard 100Mb Ethernet hardware

24-bit conversion with 32-bit, floating-point

DSP processing

Speed-sensitive rotary encoders, 0.5 dB steps,

range 0 to –100 dB

Adjustable in 0.1V steps from

1.4V to 7.75V

+15 dBu or +21 dBu,

depending on setting of maximum input level

AES/EBU, 24-bit, 32-96 kHz.

Onboard sample rate converter.

Onboard HiQnet and TCP/IQ, compatible with

standard 100Mb Ethernet hardware

24-bit conversion with 32-bit, floating-point

DSP processing

Speed-sensitive rotary encoders, 0.5 dB steps,

range 0 to –100 dB

page 34

Table 5 Latency (digital inputs)

Sample rate Latency

32 kHz 2.74 mS

44.1 kHz 2.36 mS 48 kHz 2.28 mS 96 kHz 1.81 mS

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

6 Specifications

Performance I-T4000 I-T6000 I-T8000

Damping Factor (8 ohms): 20 Hz to 100 Hz > 5000 > 5000 > 5000

Crosstalk (below rated power, 20 Hz to 1 kHz) > 80 dB > 80 dB > 80 dB

Common Mode Rejection (CMR) (20 Hz to 1 kHz) > 50 dB > 50 dB > 50 dB

DC Output Offset (Shorted input) < ± 3 mV < ± 3 mV < ± 3 mV

Input Impedance (nominal) 20 kilohms balanced, 10 kilohms unbalanced 20 kilohms balanced, 10 kilohms unbalanced 20 kilohms balanced, 10 kilohms unbalanced

Load Impedance (Note: Safe with all types of loads) Stereo Bridge Mono

1-2-4-8-16 ohms

2-4-8 ohms

1-2-4-8-16 ohms

2-4-8 ohms

1-2-4-8-16 ohms

2-4-8 ohms

Required AC Mains Universal AC input, 100-240VAC (±15%),

AC Line Connector USA, UK, European, Australia, India USA, UK, European, Australia, India USA, UK, European, Australia, India

Construction I-T4000 I-T6000 I-T8000

Ventilation Flow-through ventilation from front to back Flow-through ventilation from front to back Flow-through ventilation from front to back

Cooling Dual-zone, microprocessor controlled,

Dimensions EIA Standard 19-inch rack mount width (EIA

Weight Net Shipping

50/60 Hz. Max. AC mains voltage 277VAC.

continuously variable speed fans

RS-310B), 3.5-inch (8.9-cm) height, 16.2-inch (41.1-cm) depth behind front mounting surface

28 pounds (12.7 kg) 36 pounds (16.3 kg)

Universal AC input, 100-240VAC (±15%),

50/60 Hz. Max. AC mains voltage 277VAC.

Dual-zone, microprocessor controlled,

continuously variable speed fans

EIA Standard 19-inch rack mount width (EIA RS-310B), 3.5-inch (8.9-cm) height, 16.2-inch (41.1-cm) depth behind front mounting surface

28 pounds (12.7 kg) 36 pounds (16.3 kg)

Universal AC input, 100-240VAC (±15%),

50/60 Hz. Max. AC mains voltage 277VAC.

Dual-zone, microprocessor controlled,

continuously variable speed fans

EIA Standard 19-inch rack mount width (EIA RS-310B), 3.5-inch (8.9-cm) height, 16.2-inch (41.1-cm) depth behind front mounting surface

28 pounds (12.7 kg) 36 pounds (16.3 kg)

Operation Manual page 35

6 Specifications

6.2 Charts

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

page 36

Figure 6.1 Typical Frequency Response (1W)

Figure 6.2 Typical Crosstalk vs. Frequency

Figure 6.3 Typical Damping Factor vs. Frequency

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

7 AC Power Draw and Thermal Dissipation

I-Tech 4000 AC Current Draw and Thermal Dissipation:

Pink noise 12dB crest factor, bandwidth limited 22Hz to 22kHz. Typical line impedance used. Data based on both channels driven.

120VAC 208VAC 230VAC

Watts Out

Line Current

Idle (sleep mode) 0.8 0.95 0.9 53 182 157 Idle (awake) 1.6 1.4 1.3 172 587 505

1/8th Power Pink Noise 8 Ohms/Ch.

Typical of program material 16 Ohms Bridge just at clip. 4 Ohms/Ch.

1/3rd Power Pink Noise 8 Ohms/Ch.

Typical of program material 16 Ohms Bridge with severe clipping. 4 Ohms/Ch.

Load

8 Ohms Bridge 2 Ohms/Ch. 4 Ohms Bridge

120VAC

5.3 94.659.6

7.8

10.9

17.8 711

17.7 115.3 128.7 824

Per 1A

Amp Line

Current

I-T4000

Watts Out

Line Current

208VAC

3.4

64.9 116.3

58.1

77.1

77.0

70.3

4.7 414

4.8

6.6

10.5

10.7

Per 1A

Amp Line

Current

106.9

96.1

126.2

129.1

Line Current

230VAC

3.1

4.4

6.0

9.5

9.4

Watts Out

Per 1A

Amp Line

Current

102.6

106.0

139.9

142.1

Watts

Dissipated

305

437

Thermal Dissipation

Btu/hr kcal/hr

1040 262

1413 356

1625

1491

2426 612

2814

4108.0 476

376

709

Operation Manual page 37

7 AC Power Draw and Thermal Dissipation

I-Tech 6000 AC Current Draw and Thermal Dissipation:

Pink noise 12dB crest factor, bandwidth limited 22Hz to 22kHz. Typical line impedance used. Data based on both channels driven.

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

120VAC 208VAC 230VAC

Watts Out

Line Current

Idle (sleep mode) 1.0 1.0 0.95 60 205 177 Idle (awake) 2.1 1.7 1.6 225 767 660

1/8th Power Pink Noise 8 Ohms/Ch.

Typical of program material 16 Ohms Bridge just at clip. 4 Ohms/Ch.

1/3rd Power Pink Noise 8 Ohms/Ch.

Typical of program material 16 Ohms Bridge with severe clipping. 4 Ohms/Ch.

Load

8 Ohms Bridge 2 Ohms/Ch. 4 Ohms Bridge

120VAC

6.6 4.2 3.857.6 91.2 99.8 392 1338 337

11.6 7.0 6.365.7 108.8 120.4

11.5 6.8 6.255.9 96.5 105.3 2373 598

13.6 8.1 7.474.4 125.3 137.2

27.6 16.0 14.373.9 127.2 141.0

Per 1A

Amp Line

Current

I-T6000

Watts Out

Line Current

208VAC

14.9 13.667.0 113.5 4173 105225.0 1223124.3

Per 1A

Amp Line

Current

Line Current

230VAC

Watts Out

Per 1A

Amp Line

Current

Thermal Dissipation

Watts

Dissipated

593 2024 510

695

579 1977 498

1149 3921 988

Btu/hr kcal/hr

page 38

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

7 AC Power Draw and Thermal Dissipation

I-Tech 8000 AC Current Draw and Thermal Dissipation:

Pink noise 12dB crest factor, bandwidth limited 22Hz to 22kHz. Typical line impedance used. Data based on both channels driven.

62.9

77.4

76.3

69.2

I-T8000

Line Current

208VAC

8.7

8.2

11.0

20.8

19.9

Watts Out

Per 1A

Amp Line

Current

115.2

106.1

128.3

128.6

120VAC 208VAC

Watts Out

Line Current

Idle (sleep mode) 0.9 1.1 1.0 62 212 183 Idle (awake) 2.0 1.8 1.6 213 726 625

1/8th Power Pink Noise 8 Ohms/Ch.

Typical of program material 16 Ohms Bridge just at clip. 4 Ohms/Ch.

1/3rd Power Pink Noise 8 Ohms/Ch.

Typical of program material 16 Ohms Bridge with severe clipping. 4 Ohms/Ch.

Load

8 Ohms Bridge 2 Ohms/Ch. 4 Ohms Bridge

120VAC

14.6 68.8 2394 603

14.2 764 2607 657

18.1 715 2439 615

35.1

33.9

Per 1A

Amp Line

Current

230VAC

Line Current

230VAC

8.0

7.7

9.9

18.7

Watts Out

Per 1A

Amp Line

Current

111.8

124.5

113.6

142.0

144.2

Thermal Dissipation

Watts

Dissapited

441 1504 3798.3 63.6 103.35.1 4.7

701

1370 4677 1179

1589 5425 1368118.0 131.117.9

Btu/hr kcal/hr

Operation Manual page 39

8 Advanced Features

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

8.1 Protection Systems

Your Crown amplifier provides extensive protection and diagnostic capabilities, including thermal level control, fault indicators, highpass filtering, DC protect, AC under/over voltage protection, inrush limiting, and variablespeed fans.

8.1.1 Thermal Level Control (TLC)

If the amplifier becomes too hot for safe operation, the TLC will engage the input compressor and the clip LED will illuminate. By compressing the input, the amplifier will not generate as much heat and will have a chance to cool down. The degree of compression is proportional to the amount of overheating. This feature allows the show to go on, rather than having the amplifier shut down, and only occurs in extreme situations.

8.1.2 Circuit Breaker

If the current draw of the amplifier exceeds safe limits, this breaker automatically disconnects the power supply from the AC mains.

8.2 Global Switching Power Supply with PFC

Thanks to its global power supply, the I-Tech amplifier works anywhere in the world. There’s no need to reset an AC mains voltage switch, and no need to order a special model. The amp will work or meet all specs on 100V - 240VAC, 50/60 Hz.

Crown’s Switching Power Supply minimizes the amplifier’s weight.

Typical non-switching power supplies require large, heavy transformers in order to produce the required power at the output stage. These transformers must be large to operate at 50 to 60 Hz (standard AC supplied by the power company).

By contrast, switching power supplies can operate with a much smaller (and lighter) transformer because they first convert the AC up to a much higher frequency, thereby reducing waste.

Power Factor Correction (PFC) controls how your amplifier draws current from the AC mains. Instead of drawing high-magnitude current spikes that reduce the capacity of your power distro (and couple noise into other system components), PFC draws a smooth and

quiet current waveform that is in phase with the mains voltage waveform. PFC allows you to reduce the size and weight of your power distribution and improve the performance of your signal processors.

8.3 3rd Generation Class I Circuitry

Class I (BCA, Balanced Current Amplifier) Interleave technology allows high levels of power output without all the associated heat found in a conventional amplifier. This highly efficient design also provides accurate, uncolored sound with very low distortion and a high damping factor for tight, clean bass response. And it can deliver more power to reactive loads than conventional dissipative designs (comfortably driving the latest high-technology transducers). Class I also reduces current draw of the AC mains, providing energy conservation.

8.4 Color-Coded Rear Overlay

The labels on the rear panel are color coded to group similar functions under common colors.

8.5 Rear Rack Ears with Integral EZ-Rack Pin

The rear rack ears have a built-in EZ-Rack Pin for easier installation.

page 40

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

9 Appendix A: TCP-IQ Network Basics

9.1 TCP/IQ Network Basics

TCP/IQ™ is a network based protocol that has the ability to control and monitor IQ components over a common TCP/IP network. Figure 9.1 shows a typical TCP/IQ network.

TCP/IQ offers a number of advantages over other non-network communications platforms.

• The use of “off-the-shelf” networking hardware. This technology makes use of network connectivity and hardware commonly used in the computer industry, making it both low-cost and readily available.

• Better Performance. The capacity for real-time display of meters is greatly enhanced through the use of the wide-bandwidth network.

PS8810

I-T4000

Some of the features of TCP/IQ include:

• Ability to quickly discover all IQ components connected to the network.

• Synchronization of multiple control points on a network.

• Control and monitor of IQ components on different Local Area Net-

works (LANs) through the use of an IP router.

• Component firmware upgrades via the network.

Ethernet Networks are established through the use of either a hub or a switch. These devices are centralized in the network and transfer the Ethernet data from point to point. Ethernet data is transferred in data packets that have addresses coded into their structure. Hubs and switches decipher these addresses and route the data packets to the appropriate component. Hubs do this by taking packets from any port and sending them out all other ports. Switches, on the other hand, are more intelligent and examine each packet’s address, sending that packet only to the addressed component. This results in a much more efficient data flow. TCP/IQ depends on the use of 100Mb switches and their use is highly encouraged.

Communications between networks is allowed, but requires the use of a special piece of equipment called an IP Router. The router acts as a Gateway to allow this communication to exist. Any data traffic that is to go to the other network is routed through the IP Router.

I-T4000

I-T6000

Computer

I-T6000

I-T8000

Laptop

100Mb Switch

Figure 9.1 A TCP/IQ Network

Operation Manual page 41

Each IQ Component has three identifiers that are used in the TCP/IQ system:

• Media Access Control (MAC) Address

• Internet Protocol (IP) Address

• IQ Address

Let’s explain each identifier.

Media Access Control (MAC) Address: This is a physical address that specifies a specific physical network component. This address is predefined during manufacture and cannot be modified. No two network components have the same MAC address and each component is uniquely identified by its MAC address. This 48 bit address is located on the outside of every IQ component and is shown in hexadecimal format as 6 two-byte octets such as: 00-0A-40-00-DC-2F

Internet Protocol (IP) Address: The IP address of a component is assigned during the setup of the network and identifies the IQ component to a larger audience. Because the MAC address is limited to a single physical LAN, communications between LANs is impossible solely through the use of the MAC address. The IP address allows components and controllers on other networks to communicate with each other through the use of an IP Router as shown in Figure 9.2.

Computer

100Mb Switch

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

Computer

IP Router

100Mb Switch

Wireless

Access Point

page 42

IQ Address: TCP/IQ components will be addressed with a unique number from 1 to 65,535 and are assigned within the IQ software. A separate utility is then run which queries the network and establishes what IQ components and their associated MAC addresses are present. An IP Address and IQ Address can then be assigned to each IQ component.

Wireless

Devices

Figure 9.2 Multiple Network Communication Via an IP Router

PDA

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

The MAC address does uniquely identify each TCP/IQ component and can be used to establish the physical location of the unit. The binding of the MAC address to the IQ address through the use of the TCP/IQ Utility assures that each TCP/IQ component is physically in the right position. The use of the IP address establishes the Local Area Network (LAN) and what components reside within that LAN. The Subnet Mask associated with each IQ Component tells what IP addresses can be assigned to a particular LAN. The Subnet Mask is also four numbers (0-255) separated by periods. For example, a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 and an IP address of 126.126.1.123 says that all IP addresses in that LAN are in the IP address range of 126.126.1.1 to 126.126.1.255.

If a TCP/IQ controller is on a different network than the TCP/IQ components, communications must occur through an IP router. TCP/IQ discovery requires the use of broadcast Ethernet data packets onto the network. These broadcast commands cannot be done through an IP router, therefore a Discovery Proxy is required. The establishment of this proxy is done in TCP/IQ by naming the IP address of a known component on the component network as the Discovery Proxy within IQWin or TCPIQ Util.

Figure 9.1 Star Network Topology

Figure 9.2 Multi-Star Topology

Operation Manual page 43

9 Appendix B: Setting Sensitivity for Best Gain Staging

Optimized system gain structure maximizes signal to noise within the system. Adjusting your amplifier to fit within an optimized system gain structure is accomplished by properly setting both the sensitivity and attenuation controls within the amplifier. I-Tech amplifiers offer 149 sensitivity and gain settings allowing very fine adjustment of the amplifier’s gain and voltage sensitivity. The Appendix section of the I-Tech Application guide (online at www.crownaudio.com) provides charts with sensitivity in volts and gain in dB for each sensitivity/gain setting.

With other amplifiers, it is often necessary to apply attenuation in order to achieve the desired sound pressure level. Large amounts of attenuation are not necessary with I-Tech amplifiers and can, in fact, degrade performance. The attenuation adjustment should only be used for small (3 dB) or temporary adjustments in amplifier gain. Instead, set the sensitivity/gain of your I-Tech amplifier so that you can achieve the desired output with the attenuators at or near 0 dB.

Example: Suppose that you are using an I-T8000 with the sensitivity/gain set at 1.4V/37.1 dB. After optimizing the gain structure of the rest of your system you find that attenuating the amplifier by 10 dB produces the desired loudness. The same output level, with improved signal-to-noise ratio and headroom, can be achieved by using 0 dB of attenuation and by setting the amplifier sensitivity/gain to 5.81V/27.0 dB (37 dB – 10 dB = 27 dB).

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

page 44

Note: as indicated in the online appendix, the list of possible sensitivity settings is different for each position of the max input setting. If, while adjusting sensitivity/gain in your amplifier, you do not find the setting you need, try changing the status of the max input setting and search again.

Operation Manual

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

10 Service

Crown amplifiers are quality units that rarely require servicing. Before returning your unit for service, please contact Crown Technical Support to verify the need for servicing.

This unit has very sophisticated circuitry which should only be serviced by a fully trained technician. This is one reason why each unit bears the following label:

CAUTION: To prevent electric shock, do not remove covers. No user serviceable parts inside. Refer servicing to a qualified technician.

Complete the Crown Audio Factory Service Information form, in the back of this manual, when returning a Crown product to the factory or authorized service center. The form must be included with your product inside the box or in a packing slip envelope securely attached to the outside of the shipping carton. Do not send this form separately.

10.1 International and Canada Service

Service may be obtained from an authorized service center. (Contact your local Crown/Amcron representative or our office for a list of authorized service centers.) To obtain service, simply present the bill of sale as proof of purchase along with the defective unit to an authorized service center. They will handle the necessary paperwork and repair.

Remember to transport your unit in the original factory pack.

10.2 US Service

Service may be obtained in one of two ways: from an authorized service center or from the factory. You may choose either. It is important that you have your copy of the bill of sale as your proof of purchase.

10.2.1 Service at a US Service Center

This method usually saves the most time and effort. Simply present your bill of sale along with the defective unit to an authorized service center to obtain service. They will handle the necessary paperwork and repair. Remember to transport the unit in the original factory pack. A list of authorized service centers in your area can be obtained from Crown Factory Service, or online from http://www.crownaudio.com/support/servcent.htm.

10.2.2 Factory Service

Crown accepts no responsibility for non-serviceable product that is sent to us for factory repair. It is the owner’s responsibility to ensure that their product is serviceable prior to sending it to the factory. Serviceable product list is available at http://crownweb.crownintl.com/crownrma/. For more information, please contact us direct.

A Service Return Authorization (SRA) is required for product being sent to the factory for repair. An SRA can be completed online at www.crownaudio.com/support/ factserv.htm. If you do not have access to the web, please call Crown’s Customer Service at 574.294.8200 or

800.342.6939 extension 8205. For warranty service, we will pay for ground shipping

both ways in the United States. Contact Crown Customer Service to obtain prepaid shipping labels prior to sending the unit. Or, if you prefer, you may prepay the cost of shipping, and Crown will reimburse you. Send copies of the shipping receipts to Crown to receive reimbursement. Your repaired unit will be returned via UPS ground. Please contact us if other arrangements are required.

10.2.3 Factory Service Shipping Instructions:

1. Service Return Authorization (SRA) is required for product being sent to the factory for service. Please complete the SRA by going to www.crownaudio.com/support/factserv.htm. If you do not have access to our website, call

1.800.342.6939, extension 8205 and we'll create the SRA for you.

2. See packing instructions that follow.

3. Ship product to: CROWN AUDIO FACTORY SERVICE 1718 W MISHAWKA RD. ELKHART, IN 46517

4. Use a bold black marker and write the SRA number on three sides of the box.

5. Record the SRA number for future reference. The SRA number can be used to check the repair status.

10.2.4 Packing Instructions

Important: These instructions must be followed. If they are not followed, Crown Audio, Inc. assumes no responsibility for damaged goods and/or accessories that are sent with your unit.

1. Fill out and include the Crown Audio Factory Service Information sheet in the back of this manual.

2. Do not ship any accessories (manuals, cords, hardware, etc.) with your unit. These items are not needed to service your product. We will not be responsibility for these items.

3. When shipping your Crown product, it is important that it has adequate protection. We recommend you use the original pack material when returning the product for repair. If you do not have the original box, please call Crown at 800.342.6939 or

574.294.8210 and order new pack material. See instructions for “foam-in-place” shipping pack. (Do not ship your unit in a wood or metal cabinet.)

4. If you provide your own shipping pack, the minimum recommended requirements for materials are as follows:

a. 275 P.S.I. burst test, Double-Wall carton that allows

for 2-inch solid Styrofoam on all six sides of unit or 3 inches of plastic bubble wrap on all six sides of unit.

b. Securely seal the package with an adequate carton

sealing tape.

c. Do not use light boxes or “peanuts”. Damage caused

by poor packaging will not be covered under warranty.

Using your 'foam-in-place' shipping pack

Note: The foam-in-place packing is molded so that there is only one correct position for your product.

1. Open carton and lift center cushion leaving both end-cushions in place.

2. Carefully place your product with the product's front panel facing the same direction as arrows indicate.

3. Reset center cushion down over top of product's chassis. The foam-in-place packing was molded to accommodate different chassis depth sizes. If your product's chassis does not completely fill the foamin-place cavity, you may use a soft but solid packing material (such as paper or bubble wrap) behind the chassis.

4. Enclose the completed Crown Audio Factory Service Information form (or securely attach it to the outside of carton) and re-seal the shipping pack with a sturdy carton sealing tape.

10.2.5 Estimate Approval

Approval of estimate must be given within 90 days after being notified by Crown Audio Inc. Units still in the possession of Crown after 90 days of the estimate will become the property of Crown Audio Inc.

10.2.6 Payment of Non-Warranty Repairs

Payment on out-of-waranty repairs must be received within 90 days of the repair date. Units unclaimed after 90 days become the property of Crown Audio Inc.

If you have any questions, please contact Crown Factory Service.

Crown Factory Service

1718 W. Mishawaka Rd.,

Elkhart, Indiana 46517 U.S.A.

Telephone:

574.294.8200

800.342.6939 (North America,

Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands only)

Facsimile:

574.294.8301 (Technical Support)

574.294.8124 (Factory Service)

Internet:

http://www.crownaudio.com

Operation Manual page 45

I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

YEAR

11 Warranty

SUMMARY OF WARRANTY

Crown International, 1718 West Mishawaka Road, Elkhart, Indiana 46517-4095 U.S.A. warrants to you, the ORIGINAL PURCHASER and ANY SUBSEQUENT OWNER of each NEW Crown product, for a period of three (3) years from the date of purchase by the original purchaser (the “warranty period”) that the new Crown product is free of defects in materials and workmanship. We further warrant the new Crown product regardless of the reason for failure, except as excluded in this Warranty.

ITEMS EXCLUDED FROM THIS CROWN WARRANTY

This Crown Warranty is in effect only for failure of a new Crown product which occurred within the Warranty Period. It does not cover any product which has been damaged because of any intentional misuse, accident, negligence, or loss which is covered under any of your insurance contracts. This Crown Warranty also does not extend to the new Crown product if the serial number has been defaced, altered, or removed.

WHAT THE WARRANTOR WILL DO

UNITED STATES & CANADA

est, insurance, closing costs, and other finance charges less a reasonable depreciation on the product from the date of original purchase. Warranty work can only be performed at our authorized service centers or at the factory. Warranty work for some products can only be performed at our factory. We will remedy the defect and ship the product from the service center or our factory within a reasonable time after receipt of the defective product at our authorized service center or our factory. All expenses in remedying the defect, including surface shipping costs in the United States, will be borne by us. (You must bear the expense of shipping the product between any foreign country and the port of entry in the United States including the return shipment, and all taxes, duties, and other customs fees for such foreign shipments.)

HOW TO OBTAIN WARRANTY SERVICE

You must notify us of your need for warranty service within the warranty period. All components must be shipped in a factory pack, which, if needed, may be obtained from us free of charge. Corrective action will be taken within a reasonable time of the date of receipt of the defective product by us or our authorized service center. If the repairs made by us or our authorized service center are not satisfactory, notify us or our authorized service center immediately.

DISCLAIMER OF CONSEQUENTIAL AND INCIDENTAL DAMAGES

YOU ARE NOT ENTITLED TO RECOVER FROM US ANY INCIDENTAL DAMAGES RESULTING

FROM ANY DEFECT IN THE NEW CROWN PRODUCT. THIS INCLUDES ANY DAMAGE TO ANOTHER PRODUCT OR PRODUCTS RESULTING FROM SUCH A DEFECT. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATIONS OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.

WARRANTY ALTERATIONS

No person has the authority to enlarge, amend, or modify this Crown Warranty. This Crown Warranty is not extended by the length of time which you are deprived of the use of the new Crown product. Repairs and replacement parts provided under the terms of this Crown Warranty shall carry only the unexpired portion of this Crown Warranty.

DESIGN CHANGES

We reserve the right to change the design of any product from time to time without notice and with no obligation to make corresponding changes in products previously manufactured.

LEGAL REMEDIES OF PURCHASER

THIS CROWN WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS, YOU MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER RIGHTS WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE. No action to enforce this Crown Warranty shall be commenced after expiration of the warranty period.

THIS STATEMENT OF WARRANTY SUPERSEDES ANY OTHERS CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL FOR CROWN PRODUCTS. 12/01

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I-Tech Series Power Amplifiers

YEAR

11 Warranty

WORLDWIDE EXCEPT USA & CANADA

SUMMARY OF WARRANTY

Crown International, 1718 West Mishawaka Road, Elkhart, Indiana 46517-4095 U.S.A. warrants to you, the ORIGINAL PURCHASER and ANY SUBSEQUENT OWNER of each NEW Crown1 product, for a period of three (3) years from the date of purchase by the original purchaser (the “warranty period”) that the new Crown product is free of defects in materials and workmanship, and we further warrant the new Crown product regardless of the reason for failure, except as excluded in this Warranty.

1 Note: If your uni t bears the name “Amcron,” please substitute it

for the name “Crown” in this warranty.

ITEMS EXCLUDED FROM THIS CROWNWARRANTY

WHAT THE WARRANTOR WILL DO

We will remedy any defect, regardless of the reason for failure (except as excluded), by repair, replacement, or refund. We may not elect refund unless you agree, or unless we are unable to provide replacement, and repair is not practical or cannot be timely made. If a refund is elected, then you must make the defective or malfunctioning product available to us free and clear of all liens or other encumbrances. The refund will be equal to the actual purchase price, not including interest, insurance, closing costs, and other finance charges less a reasonable depreciation on the product from the date of original purchase. Warranty work can only be performed at our authorized service centers. We will remedy the defect and ship the product from the service center within a reasonable time after receipt of the defective product at our authorized service center.

HOW TO OBTAIN WARRANTY SERVICE

You must notify your local Crown importer of your need for warranty service within the warranty period. All components must be shipped in the original box. Corrective action will be taken within a reasonable time of the date of receipt of the defective product by our authorized service center. If the repairs made by our authorized service center are not satisfactory, notify our authorized service center immediately.

DISCLAIMER OF CONSEQUENTIAL AND INCIDENTAL DAMAGES

YOU ARE NOT ENTITLED TO RECOVER FROM US ANY INCIDENTAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECT IN THE NEW CROWN PRODUCT. THIS INCLUDES ANY DAMAGE TO ANOTHER PRODUCT OR PRODUCTS RESULTING FROM SUCH A DEFECT.

WARRANTY ALTERATIONS

DESIGN CHANGES

We reserve the right to change the design of any product from time to time without notice and with no obligation to make corresponding changes in products previously manufactured.

LEGAL REMEDIES OF PURCHASER

No action to enforce this Crown Warranty shall be commenced after expiration of the warranty period.

THIS STATEMENT OF WARRANTY SUPERSEDES ANY OTHERS CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL FOR CROWN PRODUCTS. 7/01

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Crown Audio Factory Service Information

Shipping Address: Crown Audio Factory Service, 1718 W. Mishawaka Rd., Elkhart, IN 46517

PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY

SRA #: __________________(If sending product to Crown factory service.) Model: ____________________________________________ Serial Number: _____________________ Purchase Date: _____________

PRODUCT RETURN INFORMATION

Individual or Business Name: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Phone #: __________________________________________________ Fax #: ________________________________________ E-Mail: _______________________________________________________

Street Address (please, no P.O. Boxes): _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

City: __________________________________________ State/Prov: ________________________________ Postal Code: _________________ Country: _________________________

Nature of problem: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Other equipment in your system: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

If warranty is expired, please provide method of payment. Proof of purchase may be required to validate warranty.

PAYMENT OPTIONS

I have open account payment terms. Purchase order required. PO#: __________________________________ COD

Credit Card (Information below is required; however if you do not want to provide this information at this time, we will contact you when your unit is repaired for the information.)

Credit card information:

Type of credit card: MasterCard Visa American Express Discover

Type of credit card account: Personal/Consumer Business/Corporate

Card # ______________________________________________ Exp. date: _____________ * Card ID #: __________________________

* Card ID # is located on the back of the card following the credit card #, in the signature area. On American Express, it may be located on the front of the card. This number is required to process the charge to your account. If you do not want to provide it at this time, we will call you to obtain this number when the repair of your unit is complete.

Name on credit card: ____________________________________________________________________________

Billing address of credit card: __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

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AEG-Electrolux CROWN ITECH User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual