P³yta ceramiczna
EHS 602
'URJL .OLHQFLH
']LNXMHP\ L JUDWXOXMHP\ Z\ERUX V]NODQR FHUDPLF]QHM Sá\W\ (OHFWUROX[ XU]G]HQLD Z\VRNLHM MDNRFL L WUZDáRFL 1LQLHMV]D LQVWUXNFMD REVáXJL SRPRH 3DVWZX ]DSR]QDü VL ] QRZ\P XU]G]HQLHP L SR]ZROL Z\NRU]\VWDü MHJR IXQNFMH 3U]HG UR]SRF]FLHP X\WNRZDQLD Sá\W\ ]DOHFDP\ XZDQLH SU]HF]\WDü UR]G]LDá Ä:VND]yZNL GRW\F]FH EH]SLHF]HVWZD´
,QVWUXNFM QDOH\ SU]HFKRZ\ZDü Z SREOLX XU]G]HQLD DE\ Z UD]LH NRQLHF]QRFL PyF
] QLHM VNRU]\VWDü
8U]G]HQLH VSHáQLD QRUP\ 8( ν ((& ν ((& ν ((& ν ((&
63,6 75(&,
:6.$=Ï:., '27<&=&( %(=3,(&=(67:$
2EVáXJD XU]G]HHOHNWU\F]Q\FK
(NVSORDWDFMD
&]\V]F]HQLH =áRPRZDQLH XU]G]HQLD
3à<7$&(5$0,&=1$
23,6 3à<7<
(OHPHQW\ VWHUXMFH SU]\FLVNL
35=(' 3,(5:6=<0 8<&,(0
&]\V]F]HQLH 3LHUZV]H ZáF]HQLH
3à<7$&(5$0,&=1$
3RZLHU]FKQLD Sá\W\
3U]\FLVNL :VNDQLN FLHSáD ]JURPDG]RQHJR
(.63/2$7$&-$
:áF]DQLH Sá\W\
:áF]DQLH SyO JU]HMQ\FK
:\EyU SR]LRPX PRF\ JU]HMQHM
:\áF]DQLH SyO JU]HMQ\FK
6]\ENLH Z\áF]DQLH SyO JU]HMQ\FK :\áF]DQLH Sá\W\
%ORNDG\ EH]SLHF]HVWZD
32':Ï-1( 32/( *5=(-1(
:áF]DQLH SRGZyMQHJR SROD
JU]HMQHJR
:\áF]DQLH SRGZyMQHJR SROD
JU]HMQHJR
%/2.$'$3à<7< /8% 3Ï/
*5=(-1<&+
%ORNDGD XU]G]HQLD
%ORNDGD SRV]F]HJyOQ\FK
SyO JU]HMQ\FK
6=<%.,( 1$*5=(:$1,(
:\EyU IXQNFML
:\ZLHWODQLH Z\EUDQHJR SR]LRPX PRF\
=PLDQD SR]LRPX PRF\ Z WUDNFLH 6]\ENLHJR 1DJU]HZDQLD
:\NRU]\VWDQLH FLHSáD ]JURPDG]RQHJR
:\áF]DQLH IXQNFML V]\ENLHJR QDJU]HZDQLD
=(*$5
:áF]DQLH IXQNFML ]HJDUD
=PLDQD XVWDZLRQHJR F]DVX
JRWRZDQLD
:\ZRá\ZDQLH DNWXDOQHJR F]DVX
JRWRZDQLD :\áF]DQLH IXQNFML ]HJDUD
=(*$5 Ä0,1871,.´ *272:$1,(-$-
:áF]HQLH
:\áF]DQLH
1$&=<1,$'2 *272:$1,$
=X\FLH HQHUJLL :áDFLZH QDF]\QLD
&=<6=&=(1,( , .216(5:$&-$
&]\V]F]HQLH SR NDG\P X\FLX
,QQH NáRSRW\
&2 =52%,û *'< "
'$1( 7(&+1,&=1(
52=3$.2:$1,(
:6.$=Ï:., '27<&=&( ,167$/$&-,
0RQWDZ EODFLH URERF]\P :\PLDU\ Z\FLü
0RQWD
:\MPRZDQLH Sá\W\
3RGáF]HQLH HOHNWU\F]QH
6FKHPDW
:6.$=Ï:., '27<&=&( %(=3,(&=(67:$
3U]HG UR]SRF]FLHP X\ZDQL Sá\W\ QDOH\ GRNáDGQLH SU]HF]\WDü QLQLHM V] LQVWUXNFM REVáXJL 3URVLP\ R ]ZUyFHQLH V]F]HJyOQHM XZDJL QD ZVND]yZNL GRW\F]FH EH]SLHF]H
VWZD R]QDF]RQH V\PEROHP
3R]ZROL WR QD ]PQLHMV]HQLH U\]\ND QLH EH]SLHF]HVWZD ]DUyZQR GOD X\WNRZ QLND MDN L VDPHJR XU]G]HQLD ,Q VWUXNFM QDOH\ SU]HFKRZ\ZDü Z EH]SLHF]Q\P PLHMVFX : SU]\SDGNX VSU]HGD\ Sá\W\ QDOH\ UyZQLH SD PLWDü R SU]HND]DQLX LQVWUXNFML QRZH PX X\WNRZQLNRZL
” 3á\WD PRH E\ü X\ZDQD Z\áF]QLH Z ZDUXQNDFK JRVSRGDUVWZD GRPR ZHJR ]JRGQLH ] MHM SU]H]QDF]H QLHP
” 3á\WD VSHáQLD PLG]\QDURGRZH QRUP\ EH]SLHF]HVWZD L FKDUDNWH U\]XMH VL Z\VRN MDNRFL
” &HFK\ L IXQNFMH EH]SLHF]HVWZD Sá\W\ QLH FKURQL SU]HG ZV]\VWNLPL PROLZ\PL Z\SDGNDPL ORVRZ\PL
2EVáXJD XU]G]H HOHNWU\F]Q\FK
” ,QVWDODFML HOHNWU\F]QHM Sá\W\ PRH GRNRQDü Z\áF]QLH XSUDZQLRQ\ WHFKQLN HOHNWU\N =H Z]JOGyZ EH]SLHF]HVWZD XU]G]HQLD GR ]DEXGRZ\ PXV] E\ü PRQWRZD QH Z SU]H]QDF]RQ\FK GR WHJR V]DINDFK OXE EODWDFK
” 3á\WD PRH E\ü X\ZDQD GRSLHUR SR ]DNRF]HQLX LQVWDODFML 3R]ZROL WR XQLNQü SU]\SDGNRZHJR NRQWDNWX ] SU]HZRGDPL HOHNWU\F]Q\PL
” 3RGF]DV LQVWDODFML RUD] HNVSORDWDFML QDOH\ SRVWSRZDü ]JRGQLH ]H ZVND]yZNDPL ]DZDUW\PL Z QLQLHM V]HM LQVWUXNFML REVáXJL
” 3á\W XV]NRG]RQ\FK OXE SNQLW\FK QLH ZROQR SRGáF]Dü GR ]DVLODQLD HOHNWU\F]QHJR
” =H Z]JOGyZ EH]SLHF]HVWZD QD SUDZ\ XU]G]HQLD PRJ E\ü Z\NR Q\ZDQH Z\áF]QLH SU]H] SHUVRQHO DXWRU\]RZDQ\FK ]DNáDGyZ VHUZL VRZ\FK 8VWHUN QDOH\ ]JáRVLü Z VHUZLVLH
” -HHOL Sá\WD PD E\ü ]DLQVWDORZDQD Z SREOLX RGELRUQLNyZ UDGLRZ\FK WHOHZL]\MQ\FK LWS QDOH\ XSHZQLü VLH XU]G]HQLD QLH EG SRZR GRZDá\ Z]DMHPQ\FK ]DNáyFH G]LDáDQLD
” 8U]G]HQLH RGáF]D VL ] VLHFL ]D VLODQLD HOHNWU\F]QHJR SRSU]H] Z\á F]HQLH Z\NUFDMF ]DEH]SLHF]H QLD OXE SU]HUZ Z GRVWDZLH SUGX
(NVSORDWDFMD
” 1LH GRSXV]F]Dü DE\ G]LHFL GRW\ NDá\ UR]JU]DQHM Sá\W\ OXE ]QDMGXM F\FK VL QD QLHM QDF]\ ,VWQLHMH U\ ]\NR SRSDU]HQLD VL
” 3R ZáF]HQLX Sá\WD QDJU]HZD VL EDUG]R V]\ENR 3á\W QDOH\ Zá F]\ü GRSLHUR SR XVWDZLHQLX QD QLHM QDF]\
” 1DOH\ ]DFKRZDü V]F]HJyOQ RVWURQRü SRGF]DV SUDF\ ] JRUF Sá\W L QDF]\QLDPL JG\ LVWQLHMH U\]\NR SRSDU]HQLD VL
” :VNDQLN QDJURPDG]HQLD HQHUJLL FLHSOQHM SRND]XMH NWyUH SROH JU]HM QH MHVW MHV]F]H JRUFH
” -HHOL QD SROX JU]HMQ\P SR]RVWD ZLP\ QDF]\QLH WR ZVNDQLN QDJUR PDG]HQLD HQHUJLL FLHSOQHM PRH VL Z\áF]\ü JG\ SROH EG]LH VL QD JU]HZDáR RG FLHSáHJR JDUQND
” : SU]\SDGNX SU]HUZ\ Z ]DVLODQLX HOHNWU\F]Q\P ZV]\VWNLH XVWDZLHQLD RUD] V\PEROH QD Z\ZLHWODF]X ]QLNQ 1DOH\ ]DFKRZDü RVWUR QRü JG\ ZVNDQLN QDJURPDG]H QLD FLHSáD QLH EG]LH DNW\ZQ\ QLH EG]LH SRND]\ZDá NWyUH SROH MHVW JRUFH
” -HHOL Z SREOLX Sá\W\ ]QDMGXMH VL JQLD]GNR HOHNWU\F]QH QDOH\ XSHZ QLü VLH SU]HZyG ]DVLODMF\ QLH GRWNQLH JRUFHM SRZLHU]FKQL Sá\W\
” : V]XIODGDFK OXE QD SyáNDFK XPLHV]F]RQ\FK SRG Sá\W QLH QDOH \ SU]HFKRZ\ZDü PDWHULDáyZ áD WZRSDOQ\FK VSUD\¶H GHWHUJHQW\ OXE ZUDOLZ\FK QD WHPSHUDWXU
” 3RZLHU]FKQL Sá\W\ QLH QDOH\ WUDN WRZDü MDNR EODWX URERF]HJR
8ZDJD 1LH QDOH\ SDWU]Hü VL EH]SR UHGQLR Z ZLDWáR SRFKRG]FH ] KDORJHQRZHJR SROD JU]HMQHJR
” 3RGF]DV JRWRZDQLD OXE VPDHQLD SRWUDZ ] ROHMHP OXE WáXV]F]DPL QLH ZROQR SR]RVWDZLDü Sá\W\ EH] QDG ]RUX ,VWQLHMH U\]\NR Z\VWSLHQLD SRDUX
” 'R JRWRZDQLD QD Sá\FLH FHUDPLF] QHM QLH ZROQR VWRVRZDü QDF]\ ] WZRU]\Z V]WXF]Q\FK IROLL DOXPL QLRZHM LWS 0DWHULDá\ WH WRSL VL Z Z\VRNLHM WHPSHUDWXU]H L PRJ XV]NRG]Lü V]NODQR FHUDPLF]Q SR ZLHU]FKQL Sá\W\
” 1LH QDOH\ GRSXV]F]Dü GR NRQ WUDNWX FXNUX OXE SODVWLNX ] JRUF SRZLHU]FKQL Sá\W\ 3RGF]DV VW\ JQLFLD PRJ Z\VWSLü QD Sá\FLH U\ V\ OXE SNQLFLD -HHOL FXNLHU OXE WZRU]\ZR V]WXF]QH SU]HGRVWDQLH VL QD Sá\W QLH ZROQR MHM Z\áF]Dü 5HV]WNL QDOH\ QDW\FKPLDVW XVX Qü JG\ Sá\WD MHVW MHV]F]H FLHSáD &KURQLü UFH SU]HG RSDU]HQLHP
” $E\ XQLNQü U\VRZDQLD Sá\W\ QDOH\ X\ZDü MHG\QLH QDF]\ L JDUQNyZ ] SáDVNLP GQHP EH] RVWU\FK NUD ZG]L
” &HUDPLF]QD SRZLHU]FKQLD Sá\W\ MHVW RGSRUQD QD VNUDMQH WHPSHUDWXU\ =DUyZQR QLVND MDN L Z\VRND WHPSH UDWXUD QLH MHVW GOD QLHM V]NRGOLZD -HGQDNH QLH QDOH\ GRSXV]F]Dü GR XSXV]F]HQLD F]HJRNROZLHN QD SRZLHU]FKQL Sá\W\ 3XQNWRZH XV]NRG]HQLD SRZLHU]FKQL QS SR SU]H] XSDGHN SRMHPQLND ] SU]\ SUDZDPL PRJ VSRZRGRZDü U\V\ OXE SNQLFLD Sá\W\
” 5HV]WNL SRWUDZ NWyUH Z\NLSLDá\ SRGF]DV JRWRZDQLD PRJ SU]HGR VWDü VL GR LQVWDODFML HOHNWU\F]QHM SRSU]H] XV]NRG]RQ SRZLHU]FKQL Sá\W\
” : SU]\SDGNX Z\VWSLHQLD XV]NR G]H SNQLü OXE U\V QD SR ZLHU]FKQL Sá\W\ QDOH\ QDW\FKPLDVW Z\áF]\ü SROH JU]HMQH L RGáF]\ü Sá\W RG ]DVLODQLD HOHNWU\F]QHJR =JáRVLü XVWHUN Z DXWRU\]RZDQ\P ]DNáDG]LH VHUZLVRZ\P
” 3R NDGRUD]RZ\P X\FLX Sá\W\ QD OH\ XSHZQLü VLH MHVW Z\áF]R QD
” 1DOH\ SU]HVWU]HJDü ZVND]yZHN GRW\F]F\FK REVáXJL NRQVHUZDFML L P\FLD Sá\W\ ]DZDUW\FK Z QLQLHMV]HM LQVWUXNFML : SU]\SDGNX QLHSU]H VWU]HJDQLD SU]HSLVyZ EH]SLHF]H VWZD RUD] QLHSUDZLGáRZHM REVáXJL ILUPD (OHFWUROX[ QLH SRQRVL DGQHM RGSRZLHG]LDOQRFL ]D SRZVWDáH V]NRG\
&]\V]F]HQLH
” 3RGF]DV F]\V]F]HQLD OXE P\FLD Sá\W\ ZV]\VWNLH SROD JU]HMQH QD OH\ Z\áF]\ü 8SHZQLü VLH SROD V MX Z\VWDUF]DMFR VFKáR
G]RQH SRF]HNDü D ZVNDQLN QDJURPDG]RQHJR FLHSáD ]JD QLH DE\ XQLNQü SRSDU]HQLD
” 3RZLHU]FKQL Sá\W\ QDOH\ XWU]\ P\ZDü Z F]\VWRFL =H Z]JOGyZ EH]SLHF]HVWZD QLH QDOH\ F]\FLü Sá\W\ URGNDPL OXE XU]G]HQLDPL G]LDáDMF\PL SRG Z\VRNLP FLQLH QLHP SDURZ\PL LWS
=áRPRZDQLH XU]G]HQLD
=X\WH XU]G]HQLH RUD] HOH PHQW\ RSDNRZDQLD QDOH\ XVXQü ]JRGQLH ] RERZL]XMF\PL SU]HSLVDPL R RFKURQLH URGRZLVND
6WRS
7HQ V\PERO R]QDF]D V\WXDFMH VWZDU]DMFH U\]\NR QLHEH]SLH F]HVWZD 1DOH\ EH]Z]JOGQLH SU]HVWU]HJDü SRGDQ\FK ZVND ]yZHN
8ZDJD
7HQ V\PERO SRMDZLD VL SU]\ ZDQ\FK ZVND]yZNDFK ,FK QLH SU]HVWU]HJDQLH PRH SURZDG]Lü GR SRZDQHJR ]DJURHQLD GOD EH]SLHF]HVWZD X\WNRZQLND OXE XU]G]HQLD
3U]HF]\WDM
3U]\ W\P V\PEROX ]QDMG]LHFLH 3DVWZR ZDQH LQIRUPDFMH GR W\F]FH SUDZLGáRZHM REVáXJL XU]G]HQLD
3à<7$ &(5$0,&=1$ 2SLV Sá\W\
(+6 3 |
(+6 3 |
3ROH V]\ENRJU]HMQH SRZLNV]RQD VWUHID JU]HMQD fPP :
3ROH V]\ENRJU]HMQH
fPP :
3ROH V]\ENRJU]HMQH
SRZLNV]RQD VWUHID JU]HMQD fPP :
3ROH V]\ENRJU]HMQH
fPP :
(OHPHQW\ VWHUXMFH