ADLINK USB-1210 User Manual

USB-1210

4-CH 16-Bit 2MS/s Simultaneous-Sampling USB

DAQ Module

User’s Manual

Manual Rev.: 2.00

Revision Date: July 31, 2014

Part No: 50-1Z162-1000

Advance Technologies; Automate the World.

Revision History

Revision Release Date Description of Change(s)

2.00 July 31, 2014 Initial Release

ii

USB-1210

Preface

Copyright 2014 ADLINK Technology, Inc.

This document contains proprietary information protected by copy­right. All rights are reserved. No part of this manual may be repro­duced by any mechanical, electronic, or other means in any form
without prior written permission of the manufacturer.

Disclaimer

The information in this document is subject to change without prior
notice in order to improve reliability, design, and function and does
not represent a commitment on the part of the manufacturer.

In no event will the manufacturer be liable for direct, indirect, spe­cial, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or
inability to use the product or documentation, even if advised of
the possibility of such damages.

Environmental Responsibility

ADLINK is committed to fulfill its social responsibility to global
environmental preservation through compliance with the Euro­pean Union's Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) direc­tive and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)
directive. Environmental protection is a top priority for ADLINK.
We have enforced measures to ensure that our products, manu­facturing processes, components, and raw materials have as liL­VTTLe impact on the environment as possible. When products are
at their end of life, our customers are encouraged to dispose of
them in accordance with the product disposal and/or recovery pro­grams prescribed by their nation or company.

Trademarks

Product names mentioned herein are used for identification pur­poses only and may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks
of their respective companies.

Preface iii

Conventions

Take note of the following conventions used throughout this
manual to make sure that users perform certain tasks and
instructions properly.

Additional information, aids, and tips that help users perform
tasks.

NOTE:

NOTE:

Information to prevent minor physical injury, component dam­age, data loss, and/or program corruption when trying to com-

CAUTION:

WARNING:

plete a task.

Information to prevent serious physical injury, component
damage, data loss, and/or program corruption when trying to
complete a specific task.

iv Preface

USB-1210

Table of Contents

Revision History...................................................................... ii

Preface .................................................................................... iii

List of Figures ....................................................................... vii

List of Tables.......................................................................... ix

1 Introduction ........................................................................ 1

1.1 Overview.............................................................................. 1

1.2 Features............................................................................... 1

1.3 Applications ......................................................................... 1

1.4 Specifications....................................................................... 2

1.4.1 General Specifications................................................ 2

1.4.2 Analog Input ............................................................... 3

1.5 Schematics .......................................................................... 4

1.5.1 Module........................................................................ 4

1.5.2 Module Stand ............................................................. 7

1.6 Connector Pin Assignment ................................................ 11

1.6.1 Connector Signal Description ................................... 11

1.7 Analog Input Signal Connection ........................................ 12

1.8 Software Support ............................................................... 14

1.9 Driver Support for Windows............................................... 14

1.10 Utilities for Windows .......................................................... 14

2 Getting Started ................................................................. 15

2.1 Unpacking Checklist .......................................................... 15

2.2 Attaching the Module Stand............................................... 15

2.3 Rail Mounting..................................................................... 16

2.4 Wall Mounting .................................................................... 17

2.5 Installing the USB-1210 Module ........................................ 18

Table of Contents v

2.5.1 Connecting the USB-1210 Module ........................... 18

2.5.2 Device ID .................................................................. 19

2.5.3 Hardware Configuration............................................ 20

3 Operation & Calibration.................................................... 21

3.1 Operation ........................................................................... 21

3.1.1 Signal Function ......................................................... 21

3.1.2 A/D Conversion......................................................... 22

3.1.3 Trigger Sources ........................................................ 25

3.1.4 Trigger Modes........................................................... 27

3.1.5 Programmable Function I/O...................................... 31

3.1.6 Basic Timer/Counter Function .................................. 32

3.1.7 General Purpose Timer/Counter Modes................... 33

3.1.8 Isolation .................................................................... 39

3.2 Calibration.......................................................................... 39

3.2.1 Loading Calibration Constants.................................. 39

3.2.2 Auto-Calibration ........................................................ 40

3.2.3 Saving Calibration Constants ................................... 40

Important Safety Instructions............................................... 41

Getting Service ...................................................................... 43

vi Table of Contents

USB-1210

List of Figures

Figure 1-1: USB-1210 Module Rear View..................................... 4

Figure 1-2: USB-1210 Module Side View ..................................... 5

Figure 1-3: USB-1210 Module Front View .................................... 6

Figure 1-4: Module, Stand, Connector, and USB Cable ............... 7

Figure 1-5: Module, Stand, & Wall Mount Kit Side View

(w/ connections) ......................................................... 8

Figure 1-6: Module in Stand Front View ....................................... 8

Figure 1-7: Module Stand Top View ............................................. 9

Figure 1-8: Module Stand Side Cutaway View ........................... 10

Figure 1-9: Module Stand Front View ......................................... 10

Figure 1-10: GRND-Referenced Source w/ DIFF Input ................ 13

Figure 1-11: Floating Source w/ DIFF Input.................................. 13

Figure 2-1: Rail Mount Kit ........................................................... 16

Figure 2-2: Module Pre-Rail Mounting ........................................ 16

Figure 2-3: Module Rail-Mounted ............................................... 17

Figure 2-4: Wall Mount Holes ..................................................... 17

Figure 2-5: Module with Wall Mount Apparatus .......................... 18

Figure 2-6: USB-1210 module in Windows Device Manager...... 19

Figure 2-7: Device ID Selection Control...................................... 20

Figure 3-1: Carrier Board Functional Block Diagram .................. 21

Figure 3-2: Daughter Board Functional Block Diagram .............. 22

Figure 3-3: Analog Input ............................................................. 23

Figure 3-4: Configuring Different Sampling Rates ...................... 25

Figure 3-5: Below-Low Analog Triggering................................... 26

Figure 3-6: Above-High Analog Triggering ................................. 27

Figure 3-7: Digital Triggering ...................................................... 27

Figure 3-8: Post Trigger without Retriggering ............................. 28

Figure 3-9: Delayed Trigger ........................................................ 28

Figure 3-10: Middle Trigger........................................................... 29

Figure 3-11: Pre-Trigger ............................................................... 29

Figure 3-12: Post Trigger with Retriggering .................................. 30

Figure 3-13: Gated Trigger ........................................................... 30

Figure 3-14: Mode 1-Simple Gated-Event Calculation ................. 33

Figure 3-15: Mode 2-Single Period Measurement ........................ 34

Figure 3-16: Mode 3-Single Pulse-Width Measurement ............... 35

Figure 3-17: Mode 4-Single-Gated Pulse ..................................... 35

Figure 3-18: Mode 5-Single-Triggered Pulse................................ 36

Figure 3-19: Mode 6-Re-Triggered Single Pulse .......................... 36

List of Figures vii

Figure 3-20: Mode 7-Single-Triggered Continuous Pulse............. 37

Figure 3-21: Mode 8-Continuous Gated Pulse.............................. 37

Figure 3-22: Mode 9-Edge Separation Measurement................... 38

Figure 3-23: Mode 10-PWM Output Following Trigger ................. 38

Figure 3-24: Mode 10-PWM Output Following GATE Control ...... 38

Figure 3-25: Isolation .................................................................... 39

viii List of Figures

USB-1210

List of Tables

Table 1-1: USB-1210 Pin Assignment ............................................ 11

Table 1-2: CN1/CN2 I/O Signal Description.................................... 12

Table 3-1: Bipolar Analog Input Range and Output Digital Code ... 23

Table 3-2: Pin Definition of LVTTL Digital I/O................................. 31

Table 3-3: Timer/Counter Pin Definition.......................................... 32

List of Tables ix

This page intentionally left blank.

xList of Tables

1 Introduction

1.1 Overview

The USB-1210 is a 16-bit high-speed USB 2.0-based DAQ mod­ule equipped with 4 analog input channels providing simultaneous
sampling at up to 2MS/s per channel. The USB-1210 delivers high
accuracy and excellent dynamic performance at maximum sam­pling rates and features flexible trigger function. In addition,
onboard 256MS FIFO ensures no data loss during acquisition
even with heavy loading on CPU or system.

The USB-1210 is USB bus powered and equipped with removable
screw-down terminals for easy device connectivity, and the
included multi-functional stand can be used for desktop, rail, or
wall mounting.

Suitable for high-speed data acquisition, laboratory and medical
research, the USB-1210 provides a reliable measurement solution
at an affordable price.

1.2 Features

X Hi-Speed USB 2.0

X USB bus power

X 4-CH simultaneous-sampling analog input, up to 2MS/s per

channel

X Analog and digital triggering

X 500VDC bus isolation

X Removable screw terminal

X Lockable USB cable for secure connectivity

X Ready-to-use testing application (U-Test) included

USB-1210

1.3 Applications

X Automotive testing

X High-speed data acquisition

X Laboratory research

X Medical

X I/O control

Introduction 1

1.4 Specifications

1.4.1 General Specifications

Digital I/O Specifications

Number of channels 8-CH programmable function digital input (DI)

4-CH programmable function digital output
(DO)

Compatibility LVTTL (single-end) (supports 3.3V and 5 V DI

but 3.3V DO)

Input voltage Logic low: VIL = 0.8 V max; IIL = 0.2 mA

max.Logic high: VIH = 2.0 V min.; IIH = 0.2 mA
max.

Output voltage Logic low: VOL = 0.5 V max; IOL = 10 mA max.

Logic high: VOH = 2.6V min.; IIH = 10 mA max.

Supporting modes (only one
can be selected and function
at the same time, please see
Section 3.1.5: Programma­ble Function I/O)

Data transfers Programmed I/O

Physical, Power, and Operating Environment

Interface

Dimensions

I/O Connector Two 20-pin removable screw-down terminals

Power requirement USB power (5 V @ 500 mA)

Operating environment

Storage environment

8-CH LVTTL DI and 4-CH LVTTL DO
2-CH 32-bit general-purpose timer/counters:

Clock source: internal or external
Max source frequency: internal: 80 MHz;

external: 10 MHz

2-CH PWM outputs”:

Duty cycle:1-99% (please see Section :

Mode 10: PWM Output)

Modulation frequency: 20 MHz to 0.005Hz

High speed USB 2.0 compatible, mini-USB
connector

156 (L) x 114 (W) x 41 (H) mm (6.14 X 4.49 X 1.61
in.)

Ambient temperature: 0 to 55°C
Relative humidity: 10% to 90%, non-condensing

Ambient temperature: -20 to 70 °C
Relative humidity: 5% to 95%, non-condensing

2Introduction

1.4.2 Analog Input

Resolution 16 bit

Channels 4 differential (simultaneous sampling)

Maximum sampling rate 2MS/s per channel

Programmable gain 1, 5

Input range (voltage) ± 10 V, ± 2 V

Offset error

Gain error

-3dB bandwidth

CMRR (fin=1 kHz)

SFDR (fin=10 kHz) 108 dB (gain=5)

SINAD (fin=10 kHz) 89 dB (gain=1 & 5)

THD (fin=10 kHz) 100 dB (gain=1 & 5)

SNR (fin=10 kHz) 89 dB (gain=1 & 5)

ENOB (fin=10 kHz) 14.3-Bit (gain=1 & 5)

Temperature Drift:
Gain Error

Temperature Drift:
Offset Error

FIFO buffer 256 Msamples

Trigger sources

Trigger mode

External A/D conversion
source

Input coupling DC

Overvoltage protection

Input impedance 1 GΩ

± 1mV (gain=1)
± 0.2mV (gain=5)

Typical: ± 0.01% of FSR (gain=1 & 5)
Maximum: ± 0.02% of FSR (gain=1 & 5)

630kHz (gain=1)
600kHz (gain=5)

80 dB (gain=1)
90 dB (gain=5)

5 ppm/°C (gain=1 & 5)

50µV/°C (gain=1)
20µV/°C(gain=5)

Software, external digital, analog trigger
(from one analog input channel)

Post trigger, pre-trigger, delay trigger,
middle trigger, gate trigger, post or delay
trigger with re-trigger

Yes (from CONV)

Power on: ± 35 V
Power off: ± 15V

USB-1210

Introduction 3

Data transfer

1.5 Schematics

All units are in millimeters (mm)

NOTE:

NOTE:

1.5.1 Module

Programmed I/O, continuous (USB bulk
transfer mode)

Figure 1-1: USB-1210 Module Rear View

4Introduction

156.5

USB-1210

Figure 1-2: USB-1210 Module Side View

Introduction 5

114

41.3

Figure 1-3: USB-1210 Module Front View

6Introduction

USB-1210

1.5.2 Module Stand

The multi-function USB-1210 stand is compatible with desk, rail, or
wall mounting. To fix the module in the stand, slide the module
body into the stand until a click is heard. To remove the module
from the stand, twist the bottom of the stand in a back-and forth
motion and separate from the module.

Figure 1-4: Module, Stand, Connector, and USB Cable

Introduction 7

200.1

169.4

156.5

Figure 1-5: Module, Stand, & Wall Mount Kit Side View (w/ connections)

114.30

Figure 1-6: Module in Stand Front View

8Introduction

USB-1210

26

B

20.4

Figure 1-7: Module Stand Top View

Introduction 9

20.4

3.4

6

Figure 1-8: Module Stand Side Cutaway View

1.5

5.89

100

Figure 1-9: Module Stand Front View

10 Introduction

USB-1210

1.6 Connector Pin Assignment

The USB-1210 module is equipped with 40-pin removable
screw-down terminal connectors, with pin assignment as shown.

Pin Pin

IGND 20 40 IGND

GPI0 19 39 GPO0

GPI1 18 38 GPO1

GPI2 17 37 GPO2

GPI3 16 36 GPO3

GPI4 15 35 IGND

GPI5 14 34 CONV

GPI6 13 33 IGND

GPI7 12 32 AITG

IGND 11 31 NC

IGND 10 30 IGND

AI0- 9 29 AI2-

AI0+ 8 28 AI2+

IGND 7 27 IGND

AI1- 6 26 AI3-

AI1+ 5 25 AI3+

IGND 4 24 IGND

NC 3 23 NC

NC 2 22 NC

CGND 1 21 IGND

Table 1-1: USB-1210 Pin Assignment

1.6.1 Connector Signal Description

Signal Reference I/O Description

IGND N/A None Isolated ground for AI and DI/O

AI+[0 to 3]
AI-[0 to 3]

Introduction 11

IGND I Differential Input for channels 0 to 3

Signal Reference I/O Description

CGND N/A None Chassis ground

Function Input <0..7>

GPI<0..7> IGND I

GPO<0..3> IGND O

CONV IGND I External A/D conversion clock

AITG IGND I Digital trigger for analog input

NC NC NC No connection

Table 1-2: CN1/CN2 I/O Signal Description

(see Section 3.1.5: Programmable
Function I/O)

Function Output <0..3>
(see Section 3.1.5: Programmable
Function I/O)

1.7 Analog Input Signal Connection

The USB-1210 provides 4 truly differential analog input channels.
These four channels are simultaneous-sampling and support up to
2MS/s per channel. The analog signal can be converted to a digi­tal value by the A/D converter. To avoid ground loops and obtain
more accurate measurement from the A/D conversion, it is impor­tant to understand the type of signal source and how to connect
the signal in differential mode.

Signal Source Types

Floating

A floating signal source is not connected in any way to the
existing ground system. A device with an isolated output is a
floating signal source. This includes optical isolator outputs,
transformer outputs, and thermocouples.

Ground-Referenced

A ground-referenced signal is connected in some way to the
existing ground system. That is, the signal source is already
connected to a common ground point with respect to the
USB-1210, assuming that the computer is connected to the
same power system. Non-isolated outputs of instruments and

12 Introduction

devices that plug into the existing power systems are

A

A

x

A

A

ground-referenced signal sources.

Input Configurations

Differential Input Mode

Differential input mode provides positive signal and negative
signal inputs that respond to signal voltage difference between
them, as shown. If the signal source is ground-referenced, dif­ferential mode can be used for noise rejection for improvement
over single-ended mode.

Ground
referenced
signal source

Common-mode
noise & Ground
potential

Figure 1-10: GRND-Referenced Source w/ DIFF Input

= 0, ..., 3

Vcm

Input multiplexer

IxH

IxL

IGND

Instrumentation amplifier

+

-

To A/D
converter

-

USB-1210

Connection of a floating signal source to the USB-1210 module
in differential input mode is further shown. For floating signal
sources, the negative side of the signal should be connected to
the AIGND, with less noise coupled into the signal connections
than in single-end mode.

IxH

IxL

Input Multiplexer

+

-

IGND

Instrumentation
Amplifier

To A/D
Converter

-

x = 0, ..., 3

Floating
Signal
Source

Figure 1-11: Floating Source w/ DIFF Input

Introduction 13

1.8 Software Support

ADLINK provides comprehensive software drivers and packages
to suit various user approaches to system building. In addition to
programming libraries, such as DLLs, for most Windows-based
systems, ADLINK also provides drivers for other application envi­ronments such as LabVIEW
are included in the ADLINK All-in-One CD.

Be sure to install the driver & utility before using the USB-1210
module.

®

and MATLAB®. All software options

1.9 Driver Support for Windows

UD-DASK

UD-DASK is composed of advanced 32/64-bit kernel drivers and
SDK for customized DAQ application development. USB-DASK
enables you to perform detailed operations and achieve superior
performance and reliability from your data acquisition system.
DASK kernel drivers now support Windows 7/8 OS.

DAQPilot

DAQPilot is a driver and SDK utility providing control and configu­ration capabilities for ADLINK USB DAQ devices in LabVIEW®.

You can download and install DAQPilot at:

http://www.adlinktech.com/TM/DAQPilot.html.

1.10 Utilities for Windows

U-Test

U-Test is a free and ready-to-use utility which can assist instant
testing and operation of all ADLINK USB DAQ series functions
with no programming. In addition to providing data collection and
monitoring functions, U-Test also supports basic FFT analysis and
provides direct control of analog output and digital I/O with a
user-friendly interface.

You can download and install U-Test at: http://www.adlink­tech.com/

14 Introduction

2 Getting Started

2.1 Unpacking Checklist

Before unpacking, check the shipping carton for any damage. If
the shipping carton and/or contents are damaged, inform your
dealer immediately. Retain the shipping carton and packing
materials for inspection. Obtain authorization from your dealer
before returning any product to ADLINK. Ensure that the fol­lowing items are included in the package.

X USB-1210 module

X Stand

X Two removable screw terminals

X USB cable (2-meter length)

X Rail mount kit

X ADLINK All-in-One CD

X User’s manual

2.2 Attaching the Module Stand

The multi-function USB-1210 stand is compatible with desk, rail, or
wall mounting. To fix the module in the stand, slide the module
body into the stand until a click is heard. To remove the module
from the stand, twist the bottom of the stand in a back-and forth
motion and separate from the module.

USB-1210

Getting Started 15

2.3 Rail Mounting

The multi-function stand can be mounted on the DIN rail using the
rail-mount kit as shown.

Figure 2-1: Rail Mount Kit

Figure 2-2: Module Pre-Rail Mounting

16 Getting Started

Figure 2-3: Module Rail-Mounted

2.4 Wall Mounting

USB-1210

The multi-function stand can be fixed to a wall using four flush
head screws as shown. The four screw holes should be
approximately 3.4 mm in diameter.

20.4

13.0

Figure 2-4: Wall Mount Holes

Getting Started 17

Figure 2-5: Module with Wall Mount Apparatus

2.5 Installing the USB-1210 Module

The appropriate driver must be installed before you can con­nect the USB DAQ to your computer system. Refer to

WARNING:

2.5.1 Connecting the USB-1210 Module

Section 1.9: Driver Support for Windows for driver support
information.

1. Turn on your computer.

2. Connect the USB-1210 module to one USB 2.0 port on
your computer using the included USB cable.

3. The first time the USB-1210 module is connected, a New
Hardware message appears. It will take around 6 sec­onds to load the firmware. When loading is complete, the
LED indicator on the rear of the USB DAQ module
changes from amber to green and the New Hardware
message closes.

4. The USB-1210 module can now be located in the hard­ware Device Manager, listed as ADLINK USBDAQ 1210
Device as shown.

18 Getting Started

USB-1210

Figure 2-6: USB-1210 module in Windows Device Manager

If the USB-1210 module cannot be detected, the power provided
by the USB port may be insufficient. The USB-1210 module is
exclusively powered by the USB port and requires 460 mA @ 5 V.

2.5.2 Device ID

A rotary control on the rear of the module (as shown) controls
device ID setting and can be set from 1 to 8. The device ID allows
dedicated control of the USB-1210 module irrespective of the con­nected USB port. When more than one USB module of the same

Getting Started 19

type is connected, each must be set to a different ID to avoid con­flicts and errors in operation.

Figure 2-7: Device ID Selection Control

2.5.3 Hardware Configuration

All remaining hardware configurations are software
programmable, including sampling/update rate, input/output
channel, input range, and others. Please see the UD-DASK
Function Reference manual for details.

20 Getting Started

3 Operation & Calibration

Operation of the USB-1210 is described here to assist in
configuration and programming of the module. Functions
described include A/D conversion, programmable function I/O,
and others

3.1 Operation

3.1.1 Signal Function

The USB-1210 provides 4 truly differential and
simultaneous-sampling analog input channels of 16-bit A/D input.
Each A/D input channel is connected to one ADC (LT LTC2380 or
equivalent). The ADC controller and all timing control logics are
implemented by the FPGA. The USB-1210 utilizes calibration
circuits to provide high performance and low-temperature drift
signal acquisition. Calibration data is saved in the EEPROM.

80 MHz

DIO

CPLD SPI

BUS

ADC BUS

OSC

GPTC

Configuration

AI Calibration CTRL

8051 Core

Function

FPGA

Configuration

ADC Control

Trigger Control

Data Processing

FIFO

DDR3

EEPROM

A

D
A

D

3.3V, 1.2V
Supply

/

D

A

T

24 MHz

XTAL

Cypress

CY7C68013A

8051 Core

12/24/48MHz

3.3V Supply

Power
Circuit

Isolation Moat

DIO

Trigger

And

AI Configuration

ADC SPI

Trigger

DI
DO

DIO and Trigger

66 MHz

OSC

AI Configuration

CPLD

ADC SPI BUS

Isolated

Isolated

CPLD SPI

BUS

Isolated

ADC BUS

Isolator

Circuit

Isolator

Circuit

Isolator

Circuit

40 Pin Board to Board Conn x2

Isolated 3.3V

Supply

Isolated +13V, -13V

Supply

Isolation

Power
Circuit

USB-1210

USB Bus

PXIe_DSTARCp/n

PCIe Gen1

x4

USB BUS

+5V Supply

USB Interface

Figure 3-1: Carrier Board Functional Block Diagram

Operation & Calibration 21

AI CH0+

AI CH0-

AI CH1+

AI CH1-

AI CH2+

AI CH2-

AI CH3+

AI CH3-

Signal

Protection

IO Connector

Signal

Protection

DC path/

Calibration Source

SW

Calibration

Mux and

Reference Src

DC path/

Calibration Source

SW

PGA

PGA

2nd-order

LPF

2nd-order

LPF

1st CH

Four channels

ADC

4th CH

SDO_CH0

BUSY_CH0

SDO_CH1

BUSY_CH1

SDO_CH2

BUSY_CH2

SDO_CH3

BUSY_CH3

SCK

40 Pin Board to Board Conn x2

DI CH[7..0]

DO CH[3..0]

AI TRIGGER

DO

Trigger

DI

Trigger

DIO
And

Figure 3-2: Daughter Board Functional Block Diagram

3.1.2 A/D Conversion

When using an A/D converter, the properties of the signal to be
measured must be considered and a channel and connection of
signals to the module selected. Please see Section 1.7: Analog
Input Signal Connection. As well, A/D signal configuration,
including channel, gain, and signal type must be defined and set.

A/D acquisition is initiated by a predefined trigger source. Data
acquisition will commence once a trigger condition is matched.

After A/D conversion, A/D data is buffered in a data FIFO for
transfer into system memory for further processing.

22 Operation & Calibration

USB-1210

Analog Input Circuitry

AI CHx_P

Signal Input

AI CHx_N

Signal Input

2 MHz

Path_DC

Calibration SRC

Signal Protection

Path Selection

MUX

MUX

PGA
With

x1 or x4

PGA

MUX

2nd order

With level shift

REF

IC

x

2

LPF

x1/2

x1

Figure 3-3: Analog Input

Clock

Buffer

CLK

SW

Buffer

A
D
C
O
N
V
_
C
H
0

ADC

AI Data Format

The acquired 16-bit A/D data is 2’s complement coded data for­mat. Valid input ranges and ideal transfer characteristics are
shown.

ADCONV_CHn

Description Bipolar Analog Input Range Digital Code

Full-scale range ±10 V ±2 V N/A

Least significant bit 305.2 µV 61.03 µV N/A

FSR-1LSB 9.999695V 1.999938V 7FFF

Midscale +1LSB 305.2 µV 61.03 µV 0001

Midscale 0 V 0 V 0000

Midscale –1LSB -305.2 µV -61.03 µV FFFF

-FSR -10 V -2 V 8000

Table 3-1: Bipolar Analog Input Range and Output Digital Code

Operation & Calibration 23

Software Conversion with Polling Data Transfer Acquisi­tion Mode (Software Polling)

Generally the most convenient way to acquire a single A/D data
sample, the A/D converter starts a conversion when the dedicated
software command is executed. The software then polls the
conversion status and reads back the A/D data when it is
available.

This method is indicated when there is a need to process A/D data
in real time or instant closed-loop control. In this mode, the timing
of the A/D conversion is fully controlled by the software.

The A/D conversion rate is determined by the software timer
and may not be precise.

WARNING:

Continuous Acquisition Mode

Continuous A/D Conversion Clock Source

When the onboard ADC receives a conversion clock signal,
A/D conversion is triggered. The USB-1210 conversion clock
may originate with the internal hardware timer or externally via
CONV (external A/D conversion clock) pin. While the conver­sion clock source can be chosen by setting AI source configu­ration, if precision acquisition is required, use of the internal
hardware timer is recommended.

Sampling Rate Control with Internal Hardware Timer

This mode is recommended if a fixed and precise A/D sampling
rate is required.The period between conversions of individual
channels can be accurately programmed. ADC sampling rate is
determined by:

Sampling Rate = 2M/ScanIntrv Where ScanIntrv is scan
interval counter, value can be 1, 2, 3, 4… 232 - 1

24 Operation & Calibration

Trigger

TIMEBASE

ScanIntrv = 1

USB-1210

D2

D1

D4

D3

D6

D5

D8

D7

D10

D9

DATA

ScanIntrv = 2

ScanIntrv = 3

Acquisition
In Progress

D1

D1

Acquisition begins following this clock edge

D2 D3 D4 D5 D6

D2 D3 D4

Figure 3-4: Configuring Different Sampling Rates

Sampling Rate Control with External Conversion Strobe Clock

The A/D conversion clock can be provided by external strobe
clock via CONV pin. The valid frequency of external clock is from
DC to 2 MHz and the minimum pulse width is 225ns.

Analog Input Triggering

The USB-1210 supports flexible trigger sources for analog input
functionality. The trigger source can originate with software com­mand, external analog, or external digital signal in continuous ana­log input mode. Users can configure the trigger source and trigger
mode by software.

3.1.3 Trigger Sources

Software Triggering

This trigger mode requires no external trigger source. The trigger
asserts immediately following execution of the specified function
calls to begin the operation.

External Analog Triggering

The analog multiplexer can select one input channel as the analog
trigger source. That is, one of 4 input channels in differential mode
can be selected as the analog trigger source. An external analog

Operation & Calibration 25

trigger occurs when the analog trigger signal crosses above
(above high) or below (below low) the pre-defined voltage level.
The range of trigger level is the full-scale range of the selected
input channel and the resolution is 16-bit.

Below-Low Analog Triggering

In below-low analog triggering, as shown, the trigger signal is
generated when the input analog signal is less than the
Low_Threshold voltage. High_Threshold setting is not used in
this triggering situation.

Figure 3-5: Below-Low Analog Triggering

Above-High Analog Triggering

In above-high analog triggering, as shown, the trigger signal is
generated when the input analog signal exceeds the
High_Threshold voltage. Low_Threshold setting is not used in
this triggering situation

26 Operation & Calibration

USB-1210

Figure 3-6: Above-High Analog Triggering

External Digital Triggering

An external digital trigger occurs when a rising or falling edge is
detected on the digital signal connected to the AITG (analog input
trigger) pin. Trigger polarity can be programmed using ADLINK
software drivers.

Signal level of the external digital trigger signals should be
LVTTL-compatible, with a minimum pulse of 20ns.

WARNING:

Positi ve-edge (rising)

t r i gger event occu r s

Negati ve-edge (f all ing)

t r i gger event occ ur s

Figure 3-7: Digital Triggering

3.1.4 Trigger Modes

Analog input supports post, pre, middle, delay, gate, post trigger
with retrigger, and delay trigger with retrigger modes.

Operation & Calibration 27

Post-Trigger Acquisition Mode (no retriggering)

Post-trigger acquisition is indicated when data is to be collected
after the trigger event, as shown..

Trigger

ƔOperation

initiates

ƔTrigger event occurs
ƔAcquisition begins

N samplesData

ƔAcquisition stops
ƔData transfer to system commences

Figure 3-8: Post Trigger without Retriggering

Delayed-Trigger Acquisition Mode (no retriggering)

Delay-trigger acquisition is indicated when the data collection is to
be delayed following the trigger event, as shown. Delay duration is
specified by a 32-bit counter value, whereby maximum delay is the
period of TIMEBASE X (2
the timebase.

32

- 1), and minimum delay the period of

Time

ƔOperation initiates

Trigger

Data

ƔTrigger event occurs

Delay Time

ƔAcquisition begins

N samples

ƔAcquisition stops
ƔData transfer to system begins

Time

Figure 3-9: Delayed Trigger

Middle Trigger Mode

Middle-trigger acquisition mode is indicated when data is to be col­lected before and after the trigger event. The amount of stored
data before and after trigger event can be set individually (M and
N samples), as shown.

28 Operation & Calibration

USB-1210

Trigger

Data

ƔOperation initiates
ƔAcquisition initiates

ƔTrigger event occurs

ƔAcquisition stops
ƔData transfer to system begins

N samplesM samples

Figure 3-10: Middle Trigger

Pre-Trigger Mode

Pre-trigger acquisition is indicated when data is to be collected
before the trigger event. Acquisition commences once specified
function calls are executed to begin the pre-trigger operation, and
stops when the trigger event occurs. If the trigger event occurs
after the specified amount of data has been acquired, the system
stores only data preceding the trigger event by a specified
amount, as shown.

ƔTrigger Event Occurs
ƔAcquisition stops
ƔData transfer to system begins

Trigger

Data

ƔOperation initiates
ƔAcquisition initiates

N samples

Time

Time

This data is

discarded

Only the N acquired

samples are

returned to system

Figure 3-11: Pre-Trigger

Post-Trigger or Delayed-Trigger Acquisition Mode with Retriggering

Post-trigger or Delayed-Trigger acquisition with re-trigger function
is indicated when data is to be collected after several trigger
events. An example is shown, in which N samples of data are

Operation & Calibration 29

acquired after the first trigger signal, after which the USB-1210
awaits the next re-trigger signal (re-trigger signals occurring
before the N samples are completed will be ignored). When the
re-trigger signal occurs, another N samples are performed. The
process repeats until the specified number of re-trigger signals are
detected.

ƔOperation initiates

Trigger

Data

ƔTrigger event occurs
ƔAcquisition initiates

N samples N samples N samples

Figure 3-12: Post Trigger with Retriggering

Gated Trigger

Gated-trigger acquisition is indicated in applications where you
want to collect data when trigger events are set to level high/low,
and hold acquisition when trigger events are set to the opposite
level.

As shown, after the operation starts, the first scan of data is imme­diately acquired when the trigger signal is deasserted and paused
when the trigger signal is asserted.

The remaining A/D conversions are not performed until the trigger
signal is deasserted again. The process repeats until the specified
amount of data is acquired.

ƔAcquisition begins

ƔAcquisition stops

Time

ƔOperation initiates

Trigger

(Active High)

Data

ƔAcquisition begins ƔAcquisition stops

ƔAcquisition begins

Time

Figure 3-13: Gated Trigger

30 Operation & Calibration

USB-1210

3.1.5 Programmable Function I/O

The USB-1210 supports powerful programmable I/O function pro­vided by an FPGA chip, configurable as LVTTL DI/DO, 32-bit
timer/counters, and PWM output. These signals are single-ended
and 5 V LVTTL-compliant.

LVTTL DI/DO

Programmable function I/O can be used as static LVTTL-compli­ant 8-CH digital input and 4-CH digital output. You can read/write
these I/O lines by software polling, with sample and update rate
fully controlled by software timing.

Pin# Pin#

IGND 20 40 IGND

GPI0 19 39 GPO0

GPI1 18 38 GPO1

GPI2 17 37 GPO2

GPI3 16 36 GPO3

GPI4 15 35 IGND

GPI5 14 34 N/C*

GPI6 13 33 N/C*

GPI7 12 32 N/C*

IGND 11 31 N/C*

*Not used in DI/O

Table 3-2: Pin Definition of LVTTL Digital I/O

General Purpose Timer/Counter

The USB-1210 is equipped with two general purpose timer/coun­ter sets featuring:

X Count up/down controllable by hardware or software

X Programmable counter clock source (internal clock up to 80

MHz, external clock up to 10 MHz)

Operation & Calibration 31

X Programmable gate selection (hardware or software con-

trol)

X Programmable input and output signal polarities (high active

or low active)

X Initial Count loaded from a software application

X Current count value readable by software without affecting

circuit operation.

Pin Pin

IGND 20 40 IGND

GPTC_CLK 19 39 GPTC_OUT0

GPTC_UD0 18 38 GPTC_OUT1

GPTC_GATE0 17 37 GPTC_OUT2

GPTC_AUX0 16 36 GPTC_OUT3

GPTC_CLK2 15 35 IGND

GPTC_UD2 14 34 N/C*

GPTC_GATE2 13 33 N/C*

GPTC_AUX2 12 32 N/C*

IGND 11 31 N/C*

*Not used in GPTC

Table 3-3: Timer/Counter Pin Definition

3.1.6 Basic Timer/Counter Function

Each timer/counter has three inputs that can be controlled via
hardware or software. They are clock input (GPTC_CLK), gate
input (GPTC_GATE), and up/down control input (GPTC_UD). The
GPTC_CLK input provides a clock source input to the timer/coun­ter. Active edges on the GPTC_CLK input increment or decrement
the counter. The GPTC_UD input directs the counter to count up
or down (high: count up; low: count down), while the GPTC_GATE
input is a control signal acting as a counter enable or counter trig­ger signal in different applications. The GPTC_OUT then gener­ates a pulse signal based on the timer/counter mode set.

32 Operation & Calibration

USB-1210

All input/output signal polarities can be programmed by software
application. For brevity, all GPTC_CLK, GPTC_GATE, and
GPTC_OUT in the following illustrations are assumed to be active
high or rising-edge triggered.

3.1.7 General Purpose Timer/Counter Modes

Ten programmable timer/counter modes are available. All modes
initialize following a software-start signal set by the software. The
GPTC software reset initializes the status of the counter and
reloads the initial value to the counter. The operation remains
halted until software start is executed again. Operations under dif­ferent modes are described as follows.

Mode 1: Simple Gated-Event Counting

In this mode, the counter calculates the number of pulses on the
GPTC_CLK after a software start. Initial count can be loaded from
the software application. Current count value can be read back by
software any time with no influence on calculation. GPTC_GATE
enables/disables calculation. When GPTC_GATE is inactive, the
counter halts the current count value. Operation in which initial
count = 5, countdown mode is shown.

Software start

Gate

CLK

Count value

Figure 3-14: Mode 1-Simple Gated-Event Calculation

55 432110 ffff

Mode 2: Single Period Measurement

The counter calculates the period of the signal on GPTC_GATE in
terms of GPTC_CLK. The initial count can be loaded from the soft­ware application. After software start, the counter calculates the
number of active edges on GPTC_CLK between two active edges

Operation & Calibration 33

of GPTC_GATE. After the completion of the period interval on
GPTC_GATE, GPTC_OUT outputs high and then current count
value can be read by the software application. Operation in which
initial count = 0, count-up mode is shown.

Software start

Gate

CLK

Count value

Figure 3-15: Mode 2-Single Period Measurement

00 1234555

Mode 3: Single Pulse-Width Measurement

The counter calculates the pulse-width of the signal on
GPTC_GATE in terms of GPTC_CLK. Initial count can be loaded
from the software application. After software start, the counter cal­culates the number of active edges on GPTC_CLK when
GPTC_GATE is in its active state.

After the completion of the pulse-width interval on GPTC_GATE,
GPTC_OUT outputs high and current count value can be read by
the software application. Operation in which initial count = 0,
count-up mode is shown.

Software start

Gate

CLK

Count value

34 Operation & Calibration

00 1234555

USB-1210

Figure 3-16: Mode 3-Single Pulse-Width Measurement

Mode 4: Single-Gated Pulse Generation

This mode generates a single pulse with programmable delay and
programmable pulse-width following software start. The two pro­grammable parameters can be specified in terms of periods of the
GPTC_CLK input by the software application. GPTC_GATE
enables/disables calculation. When GPTC_GATE is inactive, the
counter halts the current count value. Generation of a single pulse
with a pulse delay of two and a pulse-width of four is shown.

Software start

Gate

CLK

Count value

OUT

Figure 3-17: Mode 4-Single-Gated Pulse

22 1032210

Mode 5: Single-Triggered Pulse

This mode generates a single pulse with programmable delay and
programmable pulse-width following an active GPTC_GATE edge.
These programmable parameters can be specified in terms of
periods of the GPTC_CLK input. When the first GPTC_GATE
edge triggers the single pulse, GPTC_GATE has no effect until
software start is executed again. Generation of a single pulse with
a pulse delay of two and a pulse-width of four is shown.

Operation & Calibration 35

Gate

CLK

Software start

Count value

22103210

OUT

Figure 3-18: Mode 5-Single-Triggered Pulse

Mode 6: Re-Triggered Single Pulse Generation

This mode is similar to Mode 5 except that the counter generates
a pulse following every active edge of GPTC_GATE. After soft­ware start, every active GPTC_GATE edge triggers a single pulse
with programmable delay and pulse width. Any GPTC_GATE trig­gers that occur when the prior pulse is not completed are ignored.
Generation of two pulses with a pulse delay of two and a pulse
width of four is shown.

S o f t w a r e s t a r t

G a t e

C L K

C o u n t v a l u e

O U T

22 1032102

Figure 3-19: Mode 6-Re-Triggered Single Pulse

I g n o r e d

210

32102

2

Mode 7: Single-Triggered Continuous Pulse Generation

This mode is similar to Mode 5 except that the counter generates
continuous periodic pulses with programmable pulse interval and
pulse-width following the first active edge of GPTC_GATE. When
the first GPTC_GATE edge triggers the counter, GPTC_GATE
has no effect until software start is executed again. Generation of
two pulses with a pulse delay of four and a pulse-width of three is
shown.

36 Operation & Calibration

USB-1210

S o f t w a r e s t a r t

G a t e

C L K

C o u n t v a l u e

O U T

44 4321021

0321021

032

Figure 3-20: Mode 7-Single-Triggered Continuous Pulse

Mode 8: Continuous Gated Pulse Generation

This mode generates periodic pulses with programmable pulse
interval and pulse-width following software start. GPTC_GATE
enables/disables calculation. When GPTC_GATE is inactive, the
counter halts the current count value. Generation of two pulses
with a pulse delay of four and a pulse-width of three is shown.

S o f t w a r e s t a r t

G a t e

C L K

C o u n t v a l u e

O U T

44 3321021

0321021

103

Figure 3-21: Mode 8-Continuous Gated Pulse

Mode 9: Edge Separation Measurement

Measures the time differentiation between two different pulse sig­nals. The first pulse signal is connected to GPTC_GATE and the
second signal is connected to GPTC_AUX. Clocks that pass
between the rising edge signal of two different pulses through the
80 MHz internal clock or external clock are calculated. You can
calculate the time period via the known clock frequency. The max-

Operation & Calibration 37

imum counting width is 32-bit. Decrease of the counter value in
Edge Separation Measurement mode is shown.

S o f t w a r e s t a r t

G a t e

A U X

C L K

C o u n t v a l u e

1313 12 11 9 8 7 6

10

5432111111

Figure 3-22: Mode 9-Edge Separation Measurement

Mode 10: PWM Output

The USB-1210 timer/counter can also simulate a PWM (Pulse
Width Modulation) output. The PWM starts to generate output fol­lowing a GPTC_GATE edge trigger or being activated/inactivated
by the GPTC_GATE high/low logic control. By setting a varying
amount of Pulse_initial_cnt and Pulse_length_cnt, varying pulse
frequencies (Fpwm) and duty cycles (Dutypwm) can be obtained.
PWM output is shown.

Software Start

Gate

PWMOUT

TIMEBASE

Pulse_Initial_cnt= 0x7

Pulse_Length_cnt= 0xB

Figure 3-23: Mode 10-PWM Output Following Trigger

Software Start

Gate

PWMOUT

TIMEBASE

Pulse_Initial_cnt= 0x7

Pulse_Length_cnt= 0xB

Figure 3-24: Mode 10-PWM Output Following GATE Control

Calculation of the PWM frequency and duty cycle is as follows.

38 Operation & Calibration

USB-1210

F

F

PWM

Duty

=

PWM

=

Time base

+

cntlengthPulsecntinitialPulse

____

cntlengthPulse

__

cntlengthPulsecntinitialPulse

+

____

3.1.8 Isolation

The USB-1210 provides 500VDC isolation capability to protect
against hazardous voltage caused by erroneous signal connection
or signal levels to be measured exceeding expectation. The isola­tion circuit can also reduce the ground-loop noise.

DDR3

ADC

DIO

CPLD

FPGA

Isolator

Power

Isolation

Power

USB

Controller

USB BUS

+5V

Supply

USB-1210

Figure 3-25: Isolation

3.2 Calibration

3.2.1 Loading Calibration Constants

The USB-1210 is factory-calibrated before shipment. The associ­ated calibration constants of the TrimDACs firmware are written to
the onboard EEPROM. TrimDACs firmware is the algorithm in the

Operation & Calibration 39

USB Interface

FPGA. Loading calibration constants entails loading the values of
TrimDACs firmware stored in the onboard EEPROM.

Dedicated space for storing calibration constants is provided in the
EEPROM. In addition to the bank of factory calibration constants,
there is one user-utilization bank, allowing loading of the Trim­DACs firmware values either from the original factory calibration or
a subsequently-performed calibration.

The default calibration constants are loaded from the user-utiliza­tion bank and are the same as those in the factory calibration bank
if no auto-calibration is performed.

Since measurement and output errors may vary depending on
time and temperature, it is recommended that you calibrate the
USB-1210 module in your existing testing environment, as follows.

3.2.2 Auto-Calibration

USB-1210 auto-calibration utility measures and corrects almost all
calibration errors with no external signal connections, reference
voltage, or measurement devices. The USB-1210 provides
onboard calibration reference to ensure the accuracy of auto-cali­bration. The reference voltage is measured in the production line
by a digital potentiometer and compensated in the software. The
calibration constant is stored after this measurement.

3.2.3 Saving Calibration Constants

Factory-calibrated constants are permanently stored in a bank of
the onboard EEPROM and cannot be modified. When the device
is recalibrated, the software stores the new constants in a
user-configurable section of the EEPROM. To restore original fac­tory calibration settings, the software can copy the factory-cali­brated constants to the user-configurable section of the EEPROM.
When auto-calibration is complete, the new calibration constants
can be saved to the user-configurable banks in the EEPROM.

The USB-1210 should be warmed up for at least 15 minutes
before initiating auto-calibration

NOTE:

NOTE:

40 Operation & Calibration

USB-1210

Important Safety Instructions

For user safety, please read and follow all instructions,
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, and NOTES marked in this manual

and on the associated equipment before handling/operating the
equipment.

X Read these safety instructions carefully.

X Keep this user’s manual for future reference.

X Read the specifications section of this manual for detailed

information on the operating environment of this equipment.

X When installing/mounting or uninstalling/removing

equipment:

Z Turn off power and unplug any power cords/cables.

X To avoid electrical shock and/or damage to equipment:

Z Keep equipment away from water or liquid sources;

Z Keep equipment away from high heat or high humidity;

Z Keep equipment properly ventilated (do not block or

cover ventilation openings);

Z Make sure to use recommended voltage and power

source settings;

Z Always install and operate equipment near an easily

accessible electrical socket-outlet;

Z Secure the power cord (do not place any object on/over

the power cord);

Z Only install/attach and operate equipment on stable

surfaces and/or recommended mountings; and,

Z If the equipment will not be used for long periods of time,

turn off and unplug the equipment from its power source.

Important Safety Instructions 41

X Never attempt to fix the equipment. Equipment should only

be serviced by qualified personnel.

A Lithium-type battery may be provided for uninterrupted, backup
or emergency power.

Risk of explosion if battery is replaced with an incorrect type;
please dispose of used batteries appropriately.

WARNING:

X Equipment must be serviced by authorized technicians

when:

Z The power cord or plug is damaged;

Z Liquid has penetrated the equipment;

Z It has been exposed to high humidity/moisture;

Z It is not functioning or does not function according to the

user’s manual;

Z It has been dropped and/or damaged; and/or,

Z It has an obvious sign of breakage.

42 Important Safety Instructions

Getting Service

Contact us should you require any service or assistance.

ADLINK Technology, Inc.

Address: 9F, No.166 Jian Yi Road, Zhonghe District
New Taipei City 235, Taiwan

ᄅקؑխࡉ೴৬ԫሁ 166 ᇆ 9 ᑔ

Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

Ampro ADLINK Technology, Inc.

Address: 5215 Hellyer Avenue, #110
San Jose, CA 95138, USA
Tel: [phone]
Toll Free: [phone] (USA only)
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

ADLINK Technology (China) Co., Ltd.

Address: Ϟ⍋Ꮦ⌺ϰᮄᓴ∳催⾥ᡔು㢇᯹䏃 300 ো(201203)
300 Fang Chun Rd., Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park

Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201203 China
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

USB-1210

ADLINK Technology Beijing

Address: ࣫ҀᏖ⍋⎔Ϟഄϰ䏃 1 োⲜ߯ࡼ࡯໻ E ᑻ 801 ᅸ(100085)

Beijing, 100085 China
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

ADLINK Technology Shenzhen

Address: ⏅ഇᏖቅ⾥ᡔು催ᮄϗ䘧᭄ᄫᡔᴃು

Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

LiPPERT ADLINK Technology GmbH

Address: Hans-Thoma-Strasse 11, D-68163
Mannheim, Germany
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

Rm. 801, Power Creative E, No. 1 Shang Di East Rd.

A1 󰶀 2 ὐ C  (518057)

2F, C Block, Bldg. A1, Cyber-Tech Zone, Gao Xin Ave. Sec. 7

High-Tech Industrial Park S., Shenzhen, 518054 China

Getting Service 43

ADLINK Technology, Inc. (French Liaison Office)

Address: 6 allée de Londres, Immeuble Ceylan
91940 Les Ulis, France
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

ADLINK Technology Japan Corporation

Address: ͱ101-0045 ᵅҀ䛑ҷ⬄⼲⬄䤯ފ⬎ 3-7-4

Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

ADLINK Technology, Inc. (Korean Liaison Office)

Address: 137-881 昢殾柢 昢爎割 昢爎堆嵢 326, 802 (昢爎壟, 微汾瘶捒娯)

Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

ADLINK Technology Singapore Pte. Ltd.

Address: 84 Genting Lane #07-02A, Cityneon Design Centre

Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

ADLINK Technology Singapore Pte. Ltd. (Indian Liaison Office)

Address: #50-56, First Floor, Spearhead Towers

Malleswaram, Bangalore - 560 055, India
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

ADLINK Technology, Inc. (Israeli Liaison Office)

Address: 27 Maskit St., Corex Building
PO Box 12777
Herzliya 4673300, Israel
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

ADLINK Technology, Inc. (UK Liaison Office)

Tel: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

⼲⬄ 374 ɛɳ 4F

KANDA374 Bldg. 4F, 3-7-4 Kanda Kajicho,

Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0045, Japan

802, Mointer B/D, 326 Seocho-daero, Seocho-Gu,

Seoul 137-881, Korea

Singapore 349584

Margosa Main Road (between 16th/17th Cross)

44 Getting Service