ADC UNS PCS, UNS EGSM, UNS CELL, DAS9M 4E W User Manual

TM

InterReach Unison

Installation, Operation,

and Reference Manual

PN 8700-10

620003-0

TM

InterReach Unison

Installation, Operation,

and Reference Manual

PN 8700-10

620003-0

This manual is produced for use by LGC Wireless personnel, licensees, an d customers. The
information contained herein is the property of LGC Wireless. No part of this document
may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
for any purpose, without the express written permission of LGC Wireless.

LGC Wireless reserves the right to make c hanges, without notice, to the specifications and
materials contained herein, and sh all not be responsible for any damages caused by reliance
on the material as presented, including, but not limited to, typographical and listing errors.

Your comments are welcome – they help us improve our products and documentation.
Please address your comments to LGC Wireless, Inc. corporate headquarters in San Jose,
California:

Address 2540 Junction Avenue

San Jose, California
95134-1902 USA

Attn: Marketing Dept.
Phone [phone]
Fax [phone]
Help Hot Line 1-800-530-9960 (U.S. only)

[phone] (International)

[phone] (Europe)
Web Address http://www.lgcwireless.com
e-mail [e-mail]

[e-mail]

Copyright © 2001 by LGC Wireless, Inc. Printed in USA. All rights reserved.

Trademarks

All trademarks identified by ™ or ® are trademarks or registered trademark of LGC
Wireless, Inc. All other trademarks belong to their respective owners.

InterReach Unison User Guide and Reference Manual PN 8700-10

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Limited Warranty

Seller warrants articles of its manufacture against defective materials or workmanship for a
period of one year from the date of shipment to Purchaser, except as provided in an y warranty
applicable to Purchaser on or in the package containing the Goods (which wa rranty tak es
precedence over the following warranty). The liability of Seller under the foregoing warranty
is limited, at Seller’s option, solely to repair or replacement with equivalent Goods, or an
appropriate adjustment not to exceed the sales price to Purchaser, provided that (a) Seller is
notified in writing by Purchaser, within the one year warranty period, prompt ly upon
discovery of defects, with a detailed descripti on of such defects, (b) Purchaser has obtained a
Return Materials Authorization (RMA) from Seller, which RMA Seller agrees to provide
Purchaser promptly upon request, (c) the defective Goods are returned to Seller,
transportation and other applicable charges prepaid by the Purchaser, and (d )Seller’s
examination of such Goods discloses to its reasonable satisfaction that defects were not
caused by negligence, misuse, improper installation, improper maintenance, accident or
unauthorized repair or alteration or any other cause outside the scope of Purchaser’s warranty
made hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Seller shall have the opt ion to r epair any
defective Goods at Purchaser’s facility. The original warranty period for any Goods that have
been repaired or replaced by seller will not thereby be exten ded. In additi on, all s ales will be
subject to standard terms and conditions on the sal es con tract.

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InterReach Unison User Guide and Reference Manual PN 8700-10

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Table of Content s

SECTION 1 General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.1 Purpose and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

1.2 Conventions in this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

1.3 Acronyms in this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

1.4 Standards Conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

1.5 Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

SECTION 2

InterReach™ Unison System Description . . . . 2-1

2.1 System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.2 System Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

2.3 System Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

2.4 System OA&M Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

2.4.1 Configuring, Maintaining, and Monitoring Unison Locally . . 2-6

2.4.2 Monitoring and Maintaining Unison Remotely . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

2.4.3 Using Alarm Contact Closures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

2.5 System Connectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

2.6 System Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

2.7 System Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

2.7.1 Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

2.7.2 Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

2.7.3 Operating Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

2.7.4 RF End-to-End Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

SECTION 3 Unison Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1 Main Hub Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

3.1.1 Optical Fiber Uplink/Downlink Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

3.1.2 Communications RS-232 Serial Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

3.1.3 LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

3.2 Main Hub Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

3.2.1 Main Hub Rear Panel Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

3.2.1.1 N-type Female Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

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3.2.1.2 9-pin D-sub Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

3.3 Faults and Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

3.4 Main Hub Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

SECTION 4

SECTION 5

SECTION 6

Unison Expansion Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.1 Expansion Hub Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.1.1 RJ-45 Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

4.1.2 Optical Fiber Uplink/Downlink Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

4.1.3 LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

4.2 Expansion Hub Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

4.3 Faults and Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

4.4 Expansion Hub Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Unison Remote Access Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.1 Remote Access Unit Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

5.1.1 SMA Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

5.1.2 RJ-45 Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

5.2 LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

5.3 Faults and Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

5.4 Remote Access Unit Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

Installing Unison Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

6.1 Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

6.1.1 Component Location Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

6.1.2 Cable and Connector Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

6.1.3 Neutral Host System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

6.1.4 Distance Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

6.2 Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

6.2.1 Installation Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

6.2.2 General S afety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

6.2.3 Fiber Port Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4

6.3 Preparing for System Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

6.3.1 Pre-Installation Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

6.3.2 Installation Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

6.3.3 Tools and Materials Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

6.3.4 Optional Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

6.4 Unison Component Installation Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

6.4.1 Installing RAUs and Passive Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11

6.4.1.1 Installing RAUs in a Neutral Host System . . . . . . . . . 6-12

6.4.2 Installing Expansion Hubs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13

6.4.2.1 Tr ou bleshooting Expansion H ub LEDs Dur in g

Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18

6.4.2.2 Installi ng Expansion Hubs in a Neutr al Host System . 6-18

6.4.3 Installing a Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19

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6.4.4 Installing Main Hubs in a Neutral Host System . . . . . . . . . . 6-20

6.5 Starting and Configuring the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21

6.5.1 Troubles hooting Main Hub LEDs During Installa tion . . . . . 6-24

6.6 Interfacing a Main Hub to a Base Station or Roof-top

Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26

6.6.1 Connecting Multiple Main Hubs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-30

6.7 Connecting Contact Alarms to a Unison System . . . . . . . . . 6-34

6.7.1 Alarm Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-35

6.7.2 Alarm Sense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-38

SECTION 7 Installing and Using the AdminManager

Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

7.1 Installing the AdminManager Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

7.1.1 PC/Laptop Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

7.2 Installation Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12

7.2.1 Step 1: Verify Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13

7.2.1.1 Description of Step 1 Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14

7.2.2 Step 2: Set Operation Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

7.2.2.1 Description of Step 2 Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17

7.2.3 Step 3: Configure System Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-19

7.2.3.1 Description of Step 3 Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20

7.2.4 Step 4: Final System Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-21

7.2.4.1 Description of Step 4 Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-22

7.2.5 Finish Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-23

7.2.5.1 Description of Finish Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-23

7.3 Configuration & Maintenance Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-24

7.3.1 Window Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-25

7.3.2 Options when Connected Locally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-28

7.3.3 Read-Only Options when Connected Remotely . . . . . . . . . . 7-33

7.4 Upgrading Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-37

7.5 System Status Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-38

7.5.1 System Status Tree Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-38

SECTION 8 Designing a Unison Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

8.1 Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

8.2 Estimating RF Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19

8.2.1 Path Loss Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20

8.2.2 Coverage Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21

8.2.3 Examples of Design Estimates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27

8.3 System Gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-31

8.3.1 System Gain (Loss) Relative to ScTP Cable Length . . . . . . 8-31

8.4 Link Budget Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-32

8.4.1 Element s of a Link Budget for Narrowband Standards . . . . 8-33

8.4.2 Narrowband Link Budget Analysis for a Microcell

Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-35

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8.4.3 Elements of a Link Budget for CDMA Standards . . . . . . . . . 8-37

8.4.4 Spread Spectrum Link Budget Analysis for a Microcell

Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-40

8.4.5 Considerations for Re-Radiation (over-the-air) Systems . . . . 8-44

8.5 Optical Power Budget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-45

8.6 Connecting a Main Hub to a Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-47

8.6.1 Attenuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-48

8.6.2 Uplink Attenuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-49

8.6.2.1 Uplink Attenuation Exception: CDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-50

8.7 Designing for a Neutral Host System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-51

8.7.1 Capacity of the Unison Neutral Host System . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-51

8.7.2 Example Unison Neutral Host System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-52

SECTION 9 Replacing Unison Components in an

Operating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.1 Replacing an RAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.2 Replacing an Expansion Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

9.3 Replacing a Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4

PRELIMINARY

SECTION 10

APPENDIX A

APPENDIX B

Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and

Technical Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1

10.1 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1

10.2 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2

10.2.1 Fault Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3

10.2.2 Warning Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8

10.3 LED Troubleshooting Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10

10.3.1 Troubleshoo tin g Ma in H ub LEDs Du r in g N orm a l Op er a tio n . 10­11

10.3.2 Troubleshoo tin g Exp a ns io n H ub LEDs Du ri n g No rm a l

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12

10.4 Technical Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14

Cables and Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-1

A.1 Cat-5/6 Cable (ScTP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-1

A.2 Fiber Optical Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-3

A.3 Coaxial Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-3

Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-1

B.1 Safety Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-1

B.2 Radio/EMC Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-2

APPENDIX C

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1

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List of Figures

Figure 2-1 OA&M Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Figure 2-2 Local System Monitoring and Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

Figure 2-3 Remote System Monitoring and Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

Figure 2-4 Unison’s Double Star Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

Figure 3-1 Main Hub in a Unison System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Figure 3-2 Main Hub Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Figure 3-3 Main Hub Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Figure 3-4 Standard Serial Cable Pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Figure 3-5 Null Modem Cable Pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Figure 3-6 Main Hub Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

Figure 4-1 Expansion Hub in a Unison System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Figure 4-2 Expansion Hub Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Figure 4-3 Expansion Hub Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Figure 4-4 Expansion Hub Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Figure 5-1 Remote Access Unit in a Unison System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

Figure 5-2 Remote Access Unit Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Figure 6-1 Simplex Base Station to a Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27

Figure 6-2 Duplex Base Station to a Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28

Figure 6-3 Connecting a Main Hub to Multiple Base Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-29

Figure 6-4 Connecting Two Main Hubs to a Simplex Repeater or Base Station . 6-30
Figure 6-5 Connecting Two Main Hubs to a Duplex Repeater or Base Station . . 6-31

Figure 6-6 Connecting MetroReach to Unison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-35

Figure 6-7 Connecting a BTS to Unison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-36

Figure 6-8 Daisy-Chained Alarm Source Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-37

Figure 6-9 Connecting LGCell to Unison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-38

Figure 6-10 Alarm Sense Adaptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-39

Figure 7-1 PC Connected to Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

Figure 7-2 AdminManager Start Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

Figure 7-3 Step 1: Verify Hardware Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13

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Figure 7-4 Step 2: Set Operation Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

Figure 7-5 Step 3: Configure System Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-19

Figure 7-6 Step 4: Final System Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-21

Figure 7-7 Finish Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-23

Figure 7-8 Configuration & Maintenance Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-24

Figure 7-9 Firmware Update Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-37

Figure 8-1 Determining Path Loss between the Antenna and the Wireless Device 8-19

Figure 1 Losses to be Included in Optical Power Budget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-45

Figure 8-2 Connecting Main Hubs to a Simplex Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-47

Figure 8-3 Main Hub to Duplex Base Station or Repeater Connections . . . . . . . . 8-48

Figure A -1 Wiring Map for Cat-5/6 Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-2

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List of Tables

Table 2-1 Cellular RF End-to-End Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

Table 2-2 iDEN RF End-to-End Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

Table 2-3 GSM RF End-to-End Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14

Table 2-4 EGSM RF End-to-End Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14

Table 2-5 DCS RF End-to-End Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15

Table 2-6 PCS RF End-to-End Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15

Table 2-7 W-CDMA RF End-to-End Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16

Table 3-1 Main Hub Status LED States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Table 3-2 Main Hub Port LED States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

Table 3-3 Main Hub Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

Table 4-1 Expansion Hub Unit Status and DL/UL Status LED States . . . . . . . . . 4-5

Table 4-2 Expansion Hub Port LED States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

Table 4-3 Expansion Hub Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Table 5-1 Remote Access Unit LED States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Table 5-2 Remote Access Unit Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

Table 6-1 Unison Distance Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

Table 6-2 Installation Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

Table 6-3 Tools and Materials Required for Component Installation . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

Table 6-4 Optional Accessories for Component Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

Table 6-5 Troubleshooting Expansion Hub LEDs During Installation . . . . . . . . 6-18

Table 6-6 Troubleshooting Main Hub LEDs During Installation Power On . . . 6-24

Table 7-1 Configuration and Maintenance Window Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-25

Table 7-2 Frequency Bands Adjacent to System Configured Bands . . . . . . . . . 7-30

Table 7-3 System Status Tree Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-38

Table 8-1 800 MHz (AMPS) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4

Table 8-2 800 MHz (TDMA) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5

Table 8-3 800 MHz (CDMA) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6

Table 8-4 800 MHz (iDEN) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7

Table 8-5 900 MHz (GSM or EGSM) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8

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Table 8-6 900 MHz (EDGE) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-9

Table 8-7 1800 MHz (GSM) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10

Table 8-8 1800 MHz (EDGE) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-11

Table 8-9 1800 MHz (CDMA Korea) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-12

Table 8-10 1900 MHz (TDMA) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-13

Table 8-11 1900 MHz (GSM) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-14

Table 8-12 1900 MHz (CDMA) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-15

Table 8-13 1900 MHz (EDGE) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16

Table 8-14 2.1 GHz (WCDMA) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-17

Table 8-15 Coaxial Cable Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19

Table 8-16 Average Signal Loss of Common Building Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20

Table 8-17 Estimated Path Loss Slope for Different In-Building Environments . 8-21
Table 8-18 Frequency Bands and the Value of the first Term in Equation (3) . . . 8-22
T a ble 8-19 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 800 MHz Cellular Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-23

T a ble 8-20 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 800 MHz iDEN Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-23

T a ble 8-21 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 900 MHz GSM Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-24

T a ble 8-22 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 900 MHz EGSM Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-24

T a ble 8-23 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 1800 MHz DCS Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-25

T a ble 8-24 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 1800 MHz CDMA (Korea) Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 -25

T a ble 8-25 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 1900 MHz PCS Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-26

T a ble 8-26 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 2.1 GHz UMTS Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-26

Table 8-27 System Gain (Loss) Relative to ScTP Cable Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-31

Table 8-28 Link Budget Considerations for Narrowband Systems . . . . . . . . . . . .8 -33

Table 8-29 Distribution of Power within a CDMA Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-37

Table 8-30 Additional Link Budget Considerations for CDMA Systems . . . . . . .8-38

Table 10-1 Main Hub Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3

Table 10-2 Expansion Hub Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-5

Table 10-3 Remote Access Unit Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 0-7

Table 10-4 Main Hub Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-8

Table 10-5 Expansion Hub Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-9

Table 10-6 Remote Access Unit Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-9

Table 10-7 Troubleshooting Main Hub Port LEDs During Normal Operation . . 10-11
Table 10-8 Troubleshooting Main Hub Status LEDs During Normal Operation 10-11

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Table 10-9 Troubleshooting Expansion Hub Port LEDs During Normal

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12

Table 10-10 Troubleshooting Expansion Hub Status LEDs During Normal

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13

Table A-1 Cat-5/6 Twisted Pair Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

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SECTION 1

General Information

This section contains the following subsections:

• Section 1.1 Purpose and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

• Section 1.2 Conventions in this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

• Section 1.3 Acronyms in this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

• Section 1.4 Standards Conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

• Section 1.5 Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

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1.1 Purpose and Scope

This document describes the InterReach

TM

Unison system components and the
AdminManager software. Included is information for the installation, operation, and
maintenance of the system. Also included is information about how to use the
AdminManager software to install and configure the Unison system, as well as to per­form other tasks such as change gain settings and check system status.

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PRELIMINARY Conventions in this Manual

1.2 Conventions in this Manual

The following table lists the type style conventions used in this manual.

Convention Description

bold Used for emphasis

BOLD CAPS

MALL CAPS Used to highlight software window buttons

S

Measurements are listed first in metric units, followed by U.S. Customary System of
units in parentheses. For example:

0° to 45°C (32° to 113°F)

The following symbols are used to highlight certain information as described.

NOTE: This format is used to emphasize text with special significance or
importance, and to provide supplemental information.

Used to indicate labels on equipment

CAUTION: This format is used when a given action or omitted
action can cause or contribute to a hazardous condition. Damage to
the equipment can occur.

WARNING: Th is f orm at is used when a given ac tion o r om itted a c tion
can result in catastrophic damage to the equipment or cause injury to
the user.

Procedure

This format is used to highlight a procedure.

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General Information PRELIMINARY

1.3 Acronyms in this Manual

Acronym Definition

AGC automatic gain control
ALC automatic level control
AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone Se r vi ce
BTS base transceiver stati on
Cat-5/6 Category 5 or Category 6 (twisted pair cable)
CDMA code division multiple access
CDPD cellular digital packet data
dB decibel
dBm decibels relative to 1 milliwatt
DC direct current
DCS Digital Communications System
DL downlink
EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution
EGSM Extended Global Standard for Mobile Communications
EH Expansion Hub
GHz gigahertz
GPRS General Packet Radio Service
GSM Groupe Speciale Mobile (now translated in English as Global Standard

for Mobile Communications)
Hz hertz
IF intermediate frequency
iDEN Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (Motorola variant of TDMA

wireless)
LAN local area network
LO local oscillator
mA milliamps
MBS microcellular base station
MH Main Hub
MHz megahertz
MMF multi-mode fibe r
MTBF mean time between failures
NF noise figure
nm nanometer
OA&M operation, administration, and main te na n ce

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Acronym Definition

PCS Personal Communication Services
PLL phase-locked loop
PLS path loss slope
RAU Remote Access Unit
RF radio frequency
RSSI received signal strength indicator
SC/APC fiber optic connector complying with NTT SC standard, angle-polished
SMA sub-miniature A connector (coaxial cable connector type)
SMF single-mode fiber
ST straight tip (fiber optic cable connector type)
ScTP screened twisted pair
TDMA time division multiple access
UL uplink; Underwriters Laboratories
uW microwatts
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UPS uninterruptable power suppl y
Wwatt
W-CDMA wideband code division multiple access

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General Information PRELIMINARY

1.4 Standards Conformance

• Utilizes the TIA/EIA 568-A Ethernet cabling standards for ease of installation
(see Appendix B).

• See Appendix B for compliance information.

1.5 Related Publications

• MetroReach Focus Configuration, Installation, and Reference Manual; LGC
Wireless part number 8500-10

• LGCell Version 4.0 Installation, Operat ion, and R eference Manual; LGC Wireless
part number 8100-50

• OpsConsole Us e r Gu i de; LGC Wireless part number 8701-10

• ARM2000 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual; LGC Wireless part
number 8305-10

• LGC Wireless Accessories Catalog; LGC Wireless part number 8600-10

• Neutral Host System Planning Guide; LGC Wireless part number 9000-10

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SECTION 2

InterReach™ Unison System
Description

2.1 System Overview

InterReach™ Unison is an intelligent fiber optic wireless networking system that is
designed to handle both wireless voice and data communications and provide
high-quality , ubiquitous, s eamless access to the Cellular or Personal Comm unications
Services (PCS) network in any public or private facility, including:

• Campus environments

•Airports

• Office buildings

• Shopping Malls

• Hospitals

• Public Facilities (convention centers, sports venues, etc.)

Unlike other wireless distribution alternatives, Unison is an intelligent active system,
using microprocessors to enable key capabilities such as software-selectable band set­tings, automatic gain control, ability to incrementally adjust downlink/uplink gain,
end-to-end alarming of all components and the associated cable infrastructure, and a
host of additional capabilities.

The Unison system supports major Cellu lar/PCS standar ds an d air inter face pro tocols
in use around the world, including:

• Frequencies: 800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, 1900 MHz, 2100 MHz

• Protocols: AMPS, TDMA, CDMA, DCS, GSM, EGSM, iDEN, CDPD, EDGE,
GPRS, WCDMA

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Key System Features

• Superior RF performance, particularly in the areas of IP3 and noise figure.

• High downlink composite power (+26 dBm), IP3 (+38 dBm) and low uplink
noise fig ure (22 dB for a system with 8 RAUs), enables support of a large number
of channels and larger coverage footprint per antenna.

• The Main Hub and the Expansion Hub are software configurable. Thus, the fre­quency band can be field configured.

• The system supports flexible cabling alternatives, allowin g the use of either mul-
timode or sing le -mode fiber (in addition to standard Cat-5 or Cat-6 [Cat-5/6]
twisted pair). Cabling type can be selected to meet the resident cabling infrastruc­ture of the facility and unique building topologies.

• Extended system “reach”. Using multimode fiber, fiber runs can be as long as

1.5 kilometers. Alternately, with single mode fiber the fiber run can be as long as
6 kilometers (creating a total system “wingspan” of 12 kilometers). And the
Cat-5/6 twisted pair cable run can be up to 100 meters recommended maximum
(150 meters with RF performance degradation).

• Flexible RF configuration capabilities, including:

• System gain:
– Ability to manually set gain in 1 dB steps on both downlink and uplink.

• RAU:
– RAU uplink and downlink gain can be attenuated 10 dB.
– Uplink level control protects the system from input overload and can be

optimized for either a single operator or multi-operators/protocols.

– VSWR check on RAU reports if there is a problem with the antenna.

• The system firmware effectively “future proofs” the product. When any modi-

fications are made to the product, including the addition of new software capabili­ties/services, systems that have already been installed can be upgraded simply by
downloading new firmware (either locally or remotely).

• Extensive OA&M capabilities, including fault isolation to the field replaceable

unit, automatic reporting of all warnings and alarms, and user-friendly graphi­cal-user interface OA&M software packages.

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2.2 System Hardwa re

The InterReach Unison system consists of three modular components:

• 19" rack-mountable Main Hub (connects to up to 4 Expansion Hubs)

• Converts RF signals to optical on the downlink; optical to RF on the uplink

• Microprocessor controlled (for alarms, monitoring, and control)

• Software configurable band

• Simplex interface to any RF source

• System master – periodically polls all downstream units (Expansion
Hubs/RAUs) for system status, and automatically reports any warnings/alarms

• 19" rack-mountable Expansion Hub (connects to up to 8 Remote Access Units)

• Converts optical signals to electrical on the downlink and electrical signals to
optical on the uplink

• Microprocessor controlled (for alarms, monitoring, and control)

• Software configurable band (based on command from Main Hub)

• Supplies DC power to RAU

• Remote Access Unit (RAU)

• Converts electrical signals to RF on the downlink; RF to electrical on the
uplink

• Microprocessor controlled (for alarms, monitoring, and control)

• Protocol/band specific units

The minimum configuration of a Unison system is one Main Hub, one Expansion
Hub, and one RAU (1-1-1). The maximum configuration of a system is one Main
Hub, four Expansion Hubs, and 32 RAUs (1-4-32). Multiple systems can be com­bined to provide larger configurations.

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2.3 System Software

The AdminManager software runs on a Laptop PC which is either d irectly co nnected
to the DB-9 RS-232 male connector on the Main Hub’s front panel or is remotely
communicating through a modem that is connected to the DB-9 connector on the
Main Hub’s rear panel. The AdminManager communicates with one Main Hub, and
its downstream units, at a time.

• Connected locally , you can access the Installation Wizar d which lets you configure
a newly installed system, or access the Configuration Panel which lets you query
system status, configure a newly added or swapped unit, or change system parame­ters.

• Connected remotely, AdminManager initiates communications with the Main
Hub. You can access a read-only Configuration Panel which lets you check system
status to help you determine if an on-site visit is required.

Refer to Section 7 for information about installing and using the AdminManager soft­ware.

Alternately, an LGC Wireless OA&M software application called the OpsConsole is
available separately. The OpsConsole lets you manage, monitor, and maintain multi­ple sites and systems from a centralized location. This software is described in a sep­arate LGC document (part number 8701-10).

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2.4 System OA&M Capabilities

The InterReach Unison is microprocessor controlled and contains firmware which
enables much of the OA&M functionality.

Complete alarming, down to the field replaceable unit (i.e., Main Hub, Expansion
Hub, Remote Access Unit) and the cabling infrastructure, is available. All events
occurring in a system, defined as a Main Hub and all of its associated Expansion
Hubs and Remote Access Units, are automatically reported to the Main Hub. The
Main Hub monitors system status and communicates that status using the following
methods:

• Normally closed (NC) alarm contact closures can be tied to standard NC alarm
monitoring systems or directly to a base station for alarm monitoring.

• The Main Hub’s front panel serial port connects directly to a PC (for local access)
or to a modem (for remote access).

Figure 2-1 OA&M Communications

AdminManager can only ini tiat e
communications with a remotely
installed system; it cannot receive
modem calls.
Use the OpsConsole for monitoring
and receiving communications from
remotely installed systems.

PC/Laptop
running
AdminManager
Or OpsConsole

RS-232 Ethernet

RS-232

SC/APC

Fiber

SC/APC

Expansion Hub

RJ-45

Cat-5/6

RJ-45

Remote Access Unit

RS-232

Main Hub

TCP/IP

Modem

ENET/232

Converter

RS-232

Main Hub

Main Hub

PSTN

Modem

Main Hub

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2.4.1 Configuring, Maintaining, and Monitoring Unison Locally

Each Main Hub, Expansion Hub, and RAU in the system constantly monitors itself
and its downstream units for internal fault and warning conditions. The results of the
monitoring are stored in memory and compared against new results.

The Expansion Hubs monitor their R AUs an d s tore their status in memory. The Main
Hub monitors its Expans ion Hubs and stores t heir statu s and the st atus of the R AUs in
its memory. When a unit detects a change in status, a fault or warning is reported.
Faults are indicated locally by red status LEDs, and faults and warnings are reported
to the Main Hub and displayed on a PC/laptop, via the Main Hub’s serial port, that is
running the AdminManager software.

Using AdminManager locally, you can install a new system or new components,
change system parameters, and query system status. The following figure illustrates
how the system reports its status to AdminManager.

Figure 2-2 Local System Monitoring and Reporting

The Main Hub checks its own status and polls each of its

PC/Laptop

running

AdminManager

Expansion Hubs for their status, which includes RAU status.

Main

Hub

The Expansion Hub checks its own status
and polls each of its RAUs for their status.

Use the Admin­Manager to query
units for their status
or get current warn­ing and alarm con­ditions.

The Main Hub receives
status of the Expansion Hubs
and each of their RAUs, and
compares it to previously
stored status.

• LEDs on the front panel of
the Main Hub light red if a
fault is detected in any unit.

• If a fault or warning condi­tion is detected in any unit,
the Main Hub reports it to
the AdminManager.

Expansion

Hub

The Expansion Hub
receives status from
each of its RAUs and compares
it to previously stored status.

• LEDs on the front panel of the
Expansion Hub light red if a fault
is detected in itself or an RAU.

• If a fault or warning condition is
detected in the Expansion Hub
or an RAU, the information is
passed to the Main Hub.

RAU

RAU

Each RAU reports its status to
the Expansion Hub.

• If a fault is detected, the
ALARM LED is red. If no fault
is detected, the LED is green.

• If a fault or warning condition
is detected, the information is
passed to the Expansion
Hub.

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PRELIMINARY Monitoring and Maintaining Unison Remotely

2.4.2 Monitoring and Maintaining Unison Remotely

When monitoring the system remotely, any change of state within the system causes
the Main Hub to initiate an automatic call-out and report the system status to the
OpsConsole. If the host does not acknowledge the connection, the Main Hub issues
an automatic call-out every 15 minutes until an auto ackn owledge or st andard re quest
for status (initiated by the host) is received.

You can use AdminManager to query system status via a read-only Configuration &
Maintenance panel. You cannot change system parameters or configure system com­ponents remotely with AdminManager. (Refer to Figure 2-1 on page 2-5.)

The following figure illustrates how the system reports its status to the OpsConsole.

Figure 2-3 Remote System Monitoring and Reporting

The Main Hub checks its own status and polls each of its
Expansion Hubs for their status, which includes RAU status.

PSTN

Modem

PC

running

OpsConsole

Use the OpsConsole to
remotely monitor and
maintain the system.

Modem

The Main Hub receives
status of Expansion Hub
and each RAU and com­pares it to previously
stored status.

• If a fault is detected,
LEDs on the front panel
light red.

• If a fault or warning con­dition is detected in any
unit, the Main Hub ini­tiates a call to the
OpsConsole.

Main

Hub

The Expansion Hub
receives status from
each RAU and compares
it to previously stored status.

• If a fault is detected, LEDs on

• If a fault or warning condition

The Expansion Hub checks its own status
and polls each of its RAUs for their status.

Expansion

Hub

Each RAU reports its status to
the Expansion Hub.

the front panel light red.

is detected in the Expansion
Hub or an RAU, the informa­tion is passed to the Main
Hub.

• If a fault is detected, the

• If a fault or warning condition

ALARM LED is red. If no fault
is detected, the LED is green.

is detected, the information is
passed to the Expansion
Hub.

Refer to the OpsConsole User Guide, LGC Wireless part number 8701-10, for more
information about using the OpsConsole for system monitoring.

RAU

RAU

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InterReach™ Unison System Description PRELIMINARY

2.4.3 Using Alarm Contact Closures

The DB-9 female connector on the rear panel of the Main Hub can be connected to a
local base station or to a daisy-chained series of Unis on, LGCell, and/or MetroReach
Focus systems.

• When you connect MetroReach Focus or a BTS to Unison, the Unison Main Hub
is the output of the alarms (alarm source) and Focus is the input (alarm sense).

• When you connect LGCell to Unison, the Unison Main Hub is the input of the
alarms (alarm sense) and the LGCell is the output (alarm source).

Refer to Section 6.7 on page 6-34 for information o n how to connect other equ ipmen t
to a Unison system for monitoring.

2-8 InterReach Unison User Guide and Reference Manual

PN 8700-10

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