TM
This manual is produced for use by LGC Wireless personnel, licensees, and customers. The
information contained herein is the property of LGC Wireless. No part of this document m ay be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose,
without the express written permission of LGC Wir e less.
LGC Wireless reserves the right to make changes, witho ut notice, to the specifications and materials
contained herein, and shall not be responsi ble for any damages caused by reliance on the mate rial as
presented, including, but not limited to, typographical and listing errors.
Your comments are welcome – they help us improve our products and documentation. Please
address your comments to LGC Wireless corporate headquarters in San Jose, CA, or call us at
1-800-530-9960 (U.S. customers) or +1
© Copyright LGC Wireless, 1998 and 1999. Printed in USA. All rights reserved
-
408-487-2400 (international customers).
Trademarks
All trademarks identified by ™ or ® are trademarks or registered trademark of LGC Wireless, Inc.
All other trademarks belong to their respective owners.
Limited Warranty
Seller warrants articles of its manufacture against defective materials or workmanship for a period
of one year from the date of shipment to Purchaser, except as provided in any warranty applicable
to Purchaser on or in the package containing the Goods (which warranty takes pr ecedence over the
following warranty). The liability of Seller under the foregoing warranty is limited, at Seller’s
option, solely to repair or replacement with equivalent Goods, or an appropriate adjustment not to
exceed the sales price to Purchaser, provided that (a) Seller is notified in writing by Purchaser, within
the one year warranty period, promptly u pon discovery of defects, with a detaile d description of such
defects, (b) Purchaser has obtained a Return Materials Authorization (“RMA”) from Seller, which
RMA Seller agrees to provide Purchaser promptly upon request, (c) the def ective Goods are returned
to Seller, transportation and other applicable charges prepaid by the Purchaser, and (d) Seller’s
examination of such Goods discloses to its reasonable satisfaction that defects were not caused by
negligence, misuse, improper installation, improper maintenance, acciden t or unauthorized repair or
alteration or any other cause outside the scope of Purchaser’s warranty made hereunder.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, Seller shall have the option to repair any defective Good s at
Purchaser’s facility. The original warranty period for any Goods that have been repaired or replaced
by seller will not thereby be extended. In addition, all sales will be subject to standard terms and
conditions on the sales contract.
LGC Wireless
LGC Wireless
and data communications and wireless Internet access throughout any facility. The
company’s wireless system, the LGCellTM, provides mobile users with highly
reliable access to high-quality voice and wireless data via cellular and PCS
networks throughout any private (corporation, university, hospital) or public
(airport, convention center, subway) facility.
LGC Wireless has received all type approvals for the LGCell, including the
European CE Mark, and is currently shipping product to more than 12 countries.
The LGCell supports all global wireless access standards including TDMA,
CDMA, AMPS, GSM and iDEN. LGC Wireless also offers a full range of
professional services to ensure cost effective and timely deployment of wireless
networks.
Your comments can assist us in improving our products and documentation. Please
address them to LGC Wireless, Inc.
is a leading supplier of wireless solutions that enable mobile voice
LGC Wireless, Inc.
Address 585 East Brokaw Road
San Jose, California
95112-1017 USA
Phone 1-408-487-2400
Fax 1-408-487-2410
Help Hot Line (U.S. only) 1-800-530-9960
Net Address http://www.lgcwireless.com
e-mail info@lgcwireless.com
Table of Contents
About This Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
About LGCell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
What LGCell Is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
LGCell Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
How LGCell Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
LGCell Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
What You Need to Do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
LGCell Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Standard Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Main Hub. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Expansion Hub. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Remote Antenna Unit (RAU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
LGCell System Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Band Selective Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
LGCell Site Planning and Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Project Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
RF Coverage Estimate for a Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
RF Measurements and Site Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Site Survey Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
LGCell Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
System Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
LGCell Standard Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
LGCell Equipment Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Alarm Report Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18
Connectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Connecting Multiple LGCell Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Connecting two LGCells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Connecting More Than Two LGCells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Connecting LGCell to Base Stations, Microcells, or Picocells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Common Problems, Troubleshooting, and Frequently Asked Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Common Problems and Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
LED Indicator Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Troubleshooting Guidelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Diagnostic Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Frequently Asked Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Appendix A – Cables, Connectors, and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Cables and Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
LGCell Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
Appendix B – TIA/EIA 568-A Cabling Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Appendix C – Compliance Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
IEC/EN 60825-2 - Safe Use of Optical Fiber Communication Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-6
Appendix D – Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Appendix E – Alarm Report Monitor (ARM2000). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
Description of the ARM2000 System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-3
ARM2000 System Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-4
ARM2000-RU (Remote Unit) Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-4
PCARM Installation for ARM2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-7
Security Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-12
Alarm and Device Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-16
PCARM Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-21
Reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-28
ii Table of Contents
LGC
This section shows the steps involved in installing an LGCell system.
ell
Installation Procedure
For a detailed description of LGC
Section 4, LGCell Installation
If you plan to connect your LG
station, you also need the
Manual
Install LGCell equipment in the wiring, telecom, or electrical closet(s) indicated on
your site installation plan. LGC Wireless provides the following equipment and
supplies for installation:
• LGCell Main Hub(s), each with two rack mount elbow brackets and four rack
• LGCell Expansion Hub(s), each with two rack mount elbow brackets and four
• Remote Antenna Unit(s) (RAUs) and in-building antenna(s), with four
• LGCell Installation and Reference Guide
• Optionally, Integration Module Installation and Reference Manual
.
mount screws
rack mount screws
mounting screws for each RAU
Integration Module Installation and Reference
ell
installation procedures, refer to
.
Cell
system to more than one radio or base
You also need the following equipment and supplies:
• Cable and connectors already installed and terminated. LGC Wireless
recommends plenum-rated Category 5 (CAT 5) or better, Unshielded Twisted
Pair or Shielded Twisted Pair (UTP/STP) and Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) cable.
• AC power supply (100-240 VAC at 1.6 A and 50/60 Hz) available for each
Main Hub
• 19” equipment rack space in the wiring closet
• Phillips screwdriver
• MMF cleaner recommended by the cable manufacturer
Inspect the equipment and supplies before you start the LGCell installation. Make
sure that the UTP/STP and MMF cables are terminated correctly and that the
connectors are clean and free of dust or oil (use recommended cleaner as necessary).
If you have any problems, call LGC Wireless at 1-800-530-9960 (U.S. customers)
or +1-408-487-2400 (international customers).
The procedure for installing the LGC
Installation
, describes the installation procedure in detail.
A. Main Hub Installation
system follows.
ell
Section 4, LGCell
Mount one or more LG
1
wiring closet location, using the four screws provided for each hub.
Connect the AC power to each Main Hub and power up the hub.
2
Connect two clean MMF cables to each Main Hub port.
3
Check the Main Hub Sync and Link Status LEDs (connected = green, not
4
connected = red).
Connect the RF cable from the antenna(s) to the Main Hub(s) (for a roof-
5
mounted antenna, insert a lightning arrestor or surge protector).
Main Hubs in an equipment rack in the assigned
Cell
B. Expansion Hub Installation
Mount one or more LG
1
four screws provided for each hub.
Connect the AC power to each Expansion Hub and power up the hub.
2
Connect all MMF cables from the Main Hub(s) to the Expansion Hub(s).
3
Check the Expansion Hub Sync and Link Status LEDs (connected = green, not
4
connected = red)
Connect CAT 5 cable to the respective ports
5
Expansion Hubs in the equipment rack, using the
Cell
C. RAU and Antenna Installation
Mount the RAU(s) and antenna(s).
1
Connect the UTP/STP cables from the Expansion Hubs to the RJ-45
2
connectors on the RAU(s).
Connect an accessory antenna to each RAU SMA connector.
3
Check the LEDs on the RAU(s). If not connected properly or sync is not
4
achieved, then one LED will be red. When connected, one LED should be
green and the other not lit.
D. System Monitoring using the ARM (if provisioned)
Install the Alarm Report Monitor (ARM) panel adjacent to the Main Hubs.
1
Connect the octopus cable to the connector on the ARM.
2
Connect one DB9 connector from the octopus cable to each ARM unit.
3
Set the dip switch in the ARM to the appropriate ID number.
4
Connect the ARM unit to a local PSTN line.
5
Install the ARM system software on a PC at the NOC.
6
Configure the software and dial into the ARM unit to set its parame ters (dial-in
7
number, and so on).
ii LGCell Installation Procedure
About This Manual
This Installation and Reference Manual describes the following LGCell products:
• LGCell 800 MHz AMPS/TDMA/CDMA/iDEN
• LGCell 900 MHz GSM
• LGCell 1800 MHz DCS
• LGCell 1800 MHz Korean PCS
• LGCell 1900 MHz TDMA/CDMA/GSM
• LGCell Dual Band 900 GSM/1800 DCS
System operation for these products is identical. The only differences between the
products are the operating frequency range, access scheme (TDMA, GSM, etc.) and
certain operating parameters (gain, etc.). In this manual, distinctions between
different systems are clearly indicated.
This section provides an overview of this Installation and Reference Manual,
describes conventions, and provides other useful information.
If you plan to connect your LGCell system to more than one radio or base
station, you also need the Integration Module Installation and Reference
Manual.
Overview
This manual provides information to prepare for and install the LGCell equipment.
The following steps need to be taken:
• RF engineering and system design
• Equipment purchasing
• Cable preparation
• Equipment installation and commissioning
This manual has six sections and five appendixes:
1About LGCell
2LGCell Equipment
3LGCell Site Planning
and Design
4LGCell Installation
5 Connectivity
6 Common Problems,
Troubleshooting, and
Frequently Asked
Questions
Describes the LGC
functions, applications,
ell’s
components and its advantages.
Describes the standard LGC
equipment and
ell
operation and provides System Specifications.
Contains information about pre-installation
preparation and project management from site
planning through LG
installation. The tasks
Cell
involved and an estimated timetable are provided.
Describes system requirements, lists standard
equipment, and gives LGC
equipment installation
ell
procedures.
Contains Maximum Input/Output RF Power and RF
Power per Carrier tables and describes how to connect
multiple LGC
systems.
ell
Describes how to diagnose and solve operational
problems and gives answers to questions that
customers ask frequently.
Appendix A – Cables,
Connectors and
Accessories
Appendix B –
TIA/EIA 568-A
Cabling Standards
Appendix C
– Provides system approval status and regulatory
Compliance
Information
Appendix D – Services
Appendix E – Alarm
Report Monitor
(ARM2000)
Contains information about cables, connectors,
and accessories for LG
applications.
Cell
Contains information about standards for
in-building cabling.
notices for various countries.
Lists the services that LGC Wireless can provide
for customers.
Describes the ARM2000 system, which can be used
to monitor LG
Cell
alarms.
iv About This Manual
Terminology
This manual uses the following acronyms.
Acronym Description
AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone System
ARM Alarm Report Monitor
BTS Macrocellular base station
CAT 5 Category 5 unshielded or shielded twisted pair cable
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
EH Expansion Hub
GSM Global Systems for Mobile Communications
iDEN integrated Digital Enhanced Network
IM Integration Module
LED Light emitting diode
MBS Microcellular base station
MH Main Hub
MMF Multi-mode fiber
PCS Personal Communications Services
RAU Remote Antenna Unit
RF Radio Frequency signals
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
UTP/STP Unshielded twisted pair or shielded twisted pair (cable)
Conventions
This manual uses the following conventions as described:
Words in
Words in
Words in
italicized
boldface
THIS TYPEFACE
type Used for cross-references to other places in
the manual
type Used for emphasis
Identifies labels on Main Hubs, Expansion
Hubs, and Remote Antenna Units
v
This manual uses the following symbols as described.
This symbol represents additional INFORMATION.
It is used to emphasize text with unusual importance, special
significance, or to provide supplemental information.
This symbol represents CAUTION.
It alerts users that a given action or omitted action can cause or
contribute to a hazardous condition. Damage to the equipment can
occur.
This symbol represents WARNING.
It appears when a given action or omitted action can result in
catastrophic damage to the equipment or cause injury to the user.
Precautions
This section describes general safety precautions for LGC
precautions for Fiber Ports on the hubs.
products and safety
ell
General Safety Precautions
The following precautions apply to LGC
• LGC
replaceable through LGC Wireless. Please contact us at 1-800-530-9960. For
international customers, please contact us at +1-408-487-2400.
• Never input an RF signal to the Main Hub Duplex port that is higher than those
defined on page 17 in
• Although modeled after an Ethernet/LAN-like architecture and connectivity,
LGC
not intended to connect to Ethernet data hubs, routers, cards or other similar
data equipment.
• For improved air circulation, be sure to leave at least one inch (25 mm) of
space between all hubs and between any other equipment in the rack. If
mounting a hub on the rack’s bottom shelf, also leave at least a one inch of
clearance from the bottom.
has no user-serviceable parts. Faulty or failed units are fully
ell
Section 2, LGCell Equipment
units (Main Hub, Expansion Hub, and the Remote Antenna Unit) are
ell
products.
ell
.
vi About This Manual
• When you connect the Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) Optical Cable, take the same
precaution as if installing Ethernet network equipment. All optical fiber ST
connectors should be cleaned according to the cable manufacturer’s
instructions.
• When you connect a radiating antenna to an RAU, DO NOT over-tighten the
SMA connector. Firmly hand-tightening the connector is adequate.
To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose this
equipment to rain or moisture.
Fiber Port Safety Precautions
Suggested safety precautions for working with LG
information about LG
Compliance Information
Viewing fiber:
•
Observe the following warning about viewing fiber ends in
compliance with safety standards, see
Cell
.
Fiber Ports follow. For
Cell
ports.
Do not stare with unprotected eyes at the connector ends of the fibers
or the ports of the hubs.Invisible infrared radiation is present at the
front panel of the Main Hub and Expansion Hub. Do not remove the
Fiber Port dust cover unless the port is in use. Do not stare directly
into a Fiber Port.
Test fiber cables:
•
When you use test fiber optical cables, connect the optical
power source last and disconnect it first.
Fiber ends:
•
Cover any unconnected fiber ends with an approved cap. Do not
use tape.
Broken fiber cables:
•
Do not stare with unprotected eyes at any broken ends of
the fibers. Report any broken fiber cables and have them replaced.
Cleaning:
•
Use only approved methods for cleaning optical fiber connectors.
Appendix C –
Modifications:
•
Do not make any unauthorized modifications to this fiber
optical system or associated equipment.
Live work:
•
Signs:
•
Test equipment:
•
Live work is permitted on the LG
No warning signs are required.
Use Class 1 test equipment.
as it is a Class 1 hazard.
Cell
vii
viii About This Manual
About LGC
1
This section is an overview of the LGCell. It gives a brief description of the system
and applications, the LGCell equipment, how it works, why it’s better than the
competition, and what you need to do to install the system.
Later sections of this Installation and Reference Manual contain a detailed
description of the LGCell system.
About LGCell
ell
Contents
What LGCell Is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
LGCell Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
How LGCell Works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
LGCell Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
What You Need to Do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1-2 About LGCell
What LGCell Is
LGC
is a “plug-and-play” in-
ell
building distributed antenna
system (DAS) that enables
highly reliable, high-quality
wireless communications.
This one-person-one-phone
capability gives a wireless phone
user the ability to use their
wireless phone in any location
throughout the enterprise and
beyond.
Seamless coverage lets wireless
phone users roam freely between
buildings as well as indoors and
outdoors without changing
phones.
An LG
system has the
Cell
following equipment:
• Main Hub (MH)
• Expansion Hub (EH)
Roof-
Mounted
Antenna
Category 5 UTP/STP
Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF)
Existing
Outdoor
Base Station
Repeater
In-Building
Antenna
LGCell
• Remote Antenna Unit
(RAU)
Double-Star Topology for Easy, Cost-Effective Growth
The LG
effective growth of coverage and/or capacity. Each Main Hub supports up to four
Expansion Hubs. Each Expansion Hub, in turn, supports up to four RAUs.
The Main Hub is located in an equipment closet and the Expansion Hubs are
distributed out into other equipment closets throughout a building. The RAUs are
then distributed off each Expansion Hub to provide coverage.
system uses a double-star topology, which allows for easy, cost-
Cell
Bringing Outside In – Increases Wireless Network Coverage
Outdoor macrocellular base stations (BTSs) transmit and receive Radio Frequency
(RF) signals, which enable communications with wireless phones. The RF signals
are not always available or adequate inside a building, campus, tunnel, subway, or
other hard-to-reach location. The LGC
system delivers high-quality wireless
ell
001
1-3
communications when a user is within range of an LGC
(RAU).
LGCell Increases In-Building Coverage
Remote Antenna Unit
ell
LGC
operates in the cellular or PCS frequency bands and can act as an extension
ell
to the cellular or PCS network.
LGC
extends RF signal
ell
coverage in places where the
coverage is unacceptable.
This extended coverage allows
users to roam between buildings
and the outside world while
maintaining wireless phone
conversations without changing
phones.
LGC
provides coverage for a
ell
variety of applications including
single and multiple floor buildings,
campus environments, tunnels,
subways, and public facilities.
LGC
can be connected to a separate repeater for a power boost or when line of
ell
sight is poor.
Roof-Mounted Antenna
Repeater
Wiring
Closet
MH
EH
RAU
b002
•
Increase In-Building Coverage with Multiple LGCells
Use multiple LGC
systems to increase coverage in very tall buildings or large
ell
facilities.
•
Increase Coverage for Separate Service Providers
Use one or more LGC
systems for cellular networks and use one or more for
ell
PCS networks.
•
Increase Coverage for Separate Networks
Use one or more LGC
system for public networks and use one or more for
ell
private networks.
Expanding Inside – Increases In-Building Capacity and Capability
Increased in-building wireless coverage from the outdoor wireless networks does
not always fully address in-building needs. Coverage is only beneficial if all
potential users can access the network.
1-4 About LGCell
Microcellular Base Station (MBS) for Increased Capacity
Connecting the LGC
to a local, centralized MBS provides additional capacity, as
ell
well as enhanced coverage.
This in-building microcellular wireless
network increases the number of inbuilding users able to communicate
through their wireless phones.
• LGC
provides coverage
ell
MBS
MH
• MBS provides voice channel capacity
• Protocol independent
RAU
• Calls can be charged at a flat rate
versus cellular or PCS rate inside the
building
• Provides completely uniform radio
coverage at low cost
• MBS capacity is dynamically
allocated as needed
• Maintenance and control of the wireless network are centralized
The LG
/MBS connection allocates capacity to various locations within the
Cell
enterprise as user traffic patterns change over the course of a day.
EH
EH
EH
EH
a010
Integration Modules for Dynamic Allocation of Radio Capacity
LGC Wireless provides Integration Modules that can be used with the LG
Cell
to
efficiently centralize additional radio capacity inside a facility. These Modules
provide the connection between the radios for the facility and the LG
Cell
system.
Because the Integration Modules distribute all available capacity automatically
throughout all antennas within a cell, available capacity is dynamically allocated
throughout the entire coverage area, thus providing an improved grade of service
without the need to conduct ongoing traffic monitoring and analysis.
Specific installation information on all available Integration Modules is in the
Integration Module Installation and Reference Manual
.
LGCell, MBS, PBX* for Increased Coverage, Capacity, and Functionality
Interfacing the LGC
with an MBS/PBX network gives wireless phone users PBX
ell
functionality through their wireless phones, anytime, anywhere.
*Check with PBX manufacturer/vendor for compatibility, connection, and operation.
1-5
With the LG
/MBS/PBX
Cell
solution, employees can use a
PBX
MBS
MH
EH
EH
wireless phone in place of a wireline
desk phone to access the PBX while
inside the building and use the same
phone for wireless communications
RAU
EH
EH
while outside the building. The
MBS private wireless network
transmits RF signals indoors, and
a011
the macrocellular network takes
over outdoors.
• Access PBX features such as
four-digit dialing, call delivery,
call forwarding, call-waiting,
conferencing, and voice mail
• Billed at discounted local calling rates or a flat enterprise rate for calls made
inside the LGC
vicinity
ell
• Users can maintain the same telephone number inside and outside of the
building, enabling anytime, anywhere communication
LGCell Equipment
One fully equipped LGC
system
ell
consists of the following parts:
• One Main Hub
• Up to four Expansion Hubs
• Up to 16 RAUs (four per
Expansion Hub)
Multiple LGC
systems can be
ell
stacked for various applications. (See
Section 5, Connectivity
.)
A Dual Band LG
system has two Main Hubs and at least two Expansion Hubs.
Cell
A Dual Band system is a combination of single bands. The following illustration
shows a Dual Band 900/1800 LG
1-6 About LGCell
Cell
system.
Dual Band LG
Cell
System
The following sections provide a brief overview of
detailed description of the equipment, see
Section 2, LGCell Equipment
The Main Hub
LGCell
equipment. For a
.
1-7
The Main Hub mounts into a standard 19" equipment rack commonly found in
wiring closets or equipment rooms (Main Hub width is 17.25”, or 438 mm).
• Interfaces to the wireless network
• Height is 1.7" (44.5 mm)
• Connects to a roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or MBS via standard coaxial
cable or low-loss coaxial cable with N-type male connectors
Dual Band Main Hub
The Main Hub for a Dual Band LG
band.
The Expansion Hub
system is a pair of Main Hubs, one for each
Cell
1-8 About LGCell
The Expansion Hub also mounts into a standard 19" equipment rack (width 17.25”,
or 438 mm).
• Height is 1.7" (44.5 mm)
• Connects to the Main Hub via standard Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) cable (up to
1.5 dB optical loss, approximately 1 kilometer without jumpers).
• Hubs can be located in wiring closets anywhere in the building
Dual Band Expansion Hub
An Expansion Hub for a Dual Band LG
one for each band.
system is a pair of Expansion Hubs,
Cell
The Remote Antenna Unit (RAU)
The RAUs a re strategically positioned in and
around a building to provide high-quality
reception for wireless services.
• Connects to the Expansion Hubs via
standard CAT 5 (or better) unshielded or
shielded twisted pair (UTP/STP) cable (up
to 60 meters) (TIA/EIA 568-A standard)
• Mounts onto a variety of building materials.
Can be placed anywhere – above or below the ceiling, on the wall, or in other
locations.
• Connects to any external antenna, dipole, directional, omnidirectional, panel,
or other antenna
1-9
Dual Band RAU
The RAU for a Dual Band LG
How LGC
LGC
topology. It uses proprietary technology to provide wireless access within
buildings, subways, tunnels and other locations where reception is poor.
System Operation
System operation for all of the LGC
differences between the products are the operating frequency range, access scheme
(TDMA, GSM, etc.) and certain operating parameters (gain, etc.).
The Main Hub connects to an RF source:
• a roof-mounted antenna or repeater for coverage applications; or
• an MBS for capacity or wireless PBX applications, or both.
LGC
UTP/STP cable found in most buildings. This allows installation of in-building
wireless services with minimal installation time and cost.
connects in an Ethernet, LAN-like architecture, using a double-star
ell
distributes cellular and PCS signals through standard MMF and standard
ell
Works
ell
system is a pair of RAUs, one for each band.
Cell
DAS products is identical. The only
ell
1-10 About LGCell
Transmit/Forward/Downlink (BTS to Phone)
The incoming RF signal into the Main Hub is split into several fiber optic
transceivers that convert the RF signal to an optical signal. The Main Hub transmits
the converted signal over the fiber to the Expansion Hub. The Expansion Hub
converts the optical signal to an RF signal and transmits the RF signals to the RAUs.
The RAUs then transmit the RF signals to the antenna and then to wireless phones.
Receive/Reverse/Uplink (Phone to BTS)
The RAUs transmit RF signals from wireless phones back through the antenna and
to the Expansion Hubs. The Expansion Hubs transmit the RF signals back to the
Main Hub in optical form. The Main hub converts the optical signals back to
electrical signals and sends them to an MBS, a repeater, or a roof-mounted antenna.
For a detailed description of system operation, see
Section 2, LGCell Equipment
.
LGC
ell
Advantages
The LGC
engineering advantages not found in competitive systems.
Competitive systems offer similar capabilities but require sophisticated RF
engineering and take a long time to install. They typically use specialty cables that
require expensive, difficult, time-consuming, and potentially disruptive
installations.
LGC
ell
unique double-star architecture keeps service and maintenance to a minimum,
unlike cascaded antenna systems. The flexible architecture permits deployment in
the most difficult RF environments.
LGC
ell
capacity enhancements to meet the demands of the growing wireless network.
solution is based on a fundamentally new approach that has cost and
ell
’s plug-and-play design requires minimal RF engineering and planning. Its
’s low cost and simple installation effectively provide both coverage and
1-11
LGC
Uses Industry Standards
ell
LG
and low cost.
• Complies with industry standards for IS-19-B/AMPS, J-std-8, IS-136/TDMA,
• Utilizes the TIA/EIA 568-A Ethernet cabling standards for ease of installation
• Distributes signals over a building’s existing industry-standard cable
• Complies with UL and FCC or CE mark requirements.
• Primarily constructed with highly reliable industry-standard components
’s use of industry standards and standard equipment offers high reliability
Cell
IS-95/CDMA, ETSI 300 609-4/GSM (CE marked), and iDEN.
(see
Appendix A – Cables, Connectors, and Accessories).
infrastructure of MMF and UTP/STP cable.
produced in high-volume for the LAN and wireless industries. High quality
and reliability are assured.
Minimal Design, Installation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting
• Site engineering is simplified since compensation for cable loss and am plifiers
do not need to be designed into the system, which saves precious RF
Engineering time and support.
• Using standard cabling reduces installation to simple equipment mounting and
cable connection.
• Centralized hub locations facilitate maintenance, upgrades, and adaptability to
new standards.
• The LGC
if an RAU is faulty.
• LGC
ell
(OAM&P). The Main Hub senses major alarms through contact closure. These
alarms can be sent to remote locations. (For information on the Alarm Report
Monitor, see
’s s tar configuration eases troubleshooting – it is immediate ly clear
ell
provides full Operations Alarm Maintenance and Provisioning
Appendix E – Alarm Report Monitor (ARM2000)
What You Need to Do
Assess the installation site, prepare the site, install the LG
and connectorize the cables, and mount the Hubs and RAUs. A typical installation
consists of three components:
• Site Planning See
• Cable Installation See
• LG
Installation See
Cell
.)
equipment, install
Cell
Section 3, LGCell Site Planning and Design
Section 3, LGCell Site Planning and Design
Section 4, LGCell Installation
1-12 About LGCell
2
LG
Cell
Equipment
This section describes the LGCell equipment and explains how the system operates
and contains LGCell system specifications.
For details about cables and connectors, refer to Appendix A – Cables, Connectors,
and Accessories.
LGCell has no user-serviceable parts. Faulty or failed units may be
repaired or replaced through LGC Wireless. In the U.S., please contact us
at 1-800-530-9960. International customers, please contact us at
+1-408-487-2400.
Contents
LGCell Equipment
Standard Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Main Hub. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Expansion Hub. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Remote Antenna Unit (RAU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
LGCell System Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Band Selective Option. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2-2 LGCell Equipment
Standard Equipment
The LGC
900 MHz GSM, 1800 MHz DCS, 1800 MHz Korean PCS, 1900 MHz TDMA/
CDMA/GSM, and Dual Band 900 GSM/1800 DCS installations.
LGC
ell
• Main Hub – 19” rack-mountable
• Expansion Hub – 19” rack-mountable
• Remote Antenna Units (RAUs) – Wall or ceiling mountable
LGC
ell
• Four rack-mount screws per hub
• Four screws for each RAU
•
LG
For cable and accessory information, see
Connectors, and Accessories.
standard equipment supports 800 MHz AMPS/TDMA/CDMA/iDEN,
ell
has three modular components:
is shipped with the following items:
Cell
Installation and Reference Manual
Appendix A – Cables,
Main Hub
The Main Hub is the LGC
cellular or PCS signals from an MBS or a roof-mounted antenna and redistributes
them to multiple Expansion Hubs in low-frequency signal format (<200MHz),
which can be passed over the MMF and CAT 5 cabling.
’s central distribution point. It receives downlink
ell
2-3
The Main Hub also receives signals from the Expansion Hubs and reconverts them
back to the cellular or PCS band for transmission on the uplink channel (mobile) to
the macrocellular base station (BTS) or microcellular base station (MBS).
The Dual Band 900/1800 Main Hub is shown below.
Main Hub Features
• Mounts in a standard 19” equipment rack, width 17.25” (438 mm)
• Height is 1.7” (44.5 mm). The Dual Band Main Hub is 3.5” (88.9 mm) high.
• Operates with worldwide AC power, 100-240 VAC at 1.6 A and 50/60 Hz
• Connects up to four Expansion Hubs and 16 RAUs per Main Hub. The Dual
Band Main Hub connects up to four Expansion Hubs and 16 RAUs for the 900
system and an equal number for the 1800 system.
• Connect multiple Main Hubs to increase number of RAUs. See “Connecting
Multiple LGCell Systems” on page 3 in
Section 5, Connectivity
• Connects to a roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or duplexed MBS via one
coaxial cable using an N-type, female, duplexed, bi-directional RF connector
• Connects to MBS via two coaxial cables using two N-type female, simplex RF
connectors
• Connects to Expansion Hubs via MMF fiber cable (up to 1 kilometer)
• Distributes cellular or PCS signals to the Expansion Hubs via standard MMF
transmit and receive pairs
• Has easily accessible connectors
.
2-4 LGCell Equipment
• Displays system status via front panel LEDs
• Provides contact closure of major alarms and error latches through a D-sub
9-pin connector
Main Hub Front Panel
55 5 5
6
7
3
4
Front Panel Description
1
1
AC power cord connector
2
Power On/Off switch
3
One LED for sync status (labeled
4
One LED for power (labeled
5
Four Ports (labeled 1, 2, 3, 4)
POWER
SYNC
)
)
•One standard female ST-connector for MMF downlink (labeled
•One standard female ST-connector for MMF uplink (labeled UP)
6
One LED for port RF link status (labeled
7
One LED for port sync status (labeled
LINK STATUS
)
SYNC
)
2
)
DOWN
The Dual Band Main Hub Front Panel is shown below. The connectors are the same
as those explained for the single band system.
2-5
Standard MMF Uplink and Downlink Ports
The Main Hub transmits and receives RF signals to and from
the Expansion Hubs using up to 1 kilometer of industrystandard 62.5µm/125µm MMF cable (up to 1.5 dB optical loss,
approximately 1 kilometer without jumpers).
•
Uplink/Input
This signal is the combination of all uplink signals received
by the Expansion Hubs connected to the system.
•
Downlink/Output
The downlink is a composite signal coming from the
duplexed N-type connector or from the downlink simplex
connector on the Main Hub back panel. The downlink signal
is re-radiated at all RAUs.
Main Hub LEDs
LED Color Indication
LED
S
Green On/Off Fault
Green On/Off Fault
S
Green
Red
HUB LED
POWER
SYNC
ORT
P
SYNC
(labeled UP)
Operational
Fault
(labeled
DOWN
)
LINK STATUS
2-6 LGCell Equipment
Green
Red
Operational
Fault
Main Hub Back Panel
Back Panel Description
• Three N-type, Female Connectors with dust caps
• One Duplexed (labeled
• One Uplink (labeled
• One Downlink (labeled
DUPLEX
REVERSE
FORWARD
• One D-Sub 9-pin Connector (labeled
• One D-sub 25-pin Connector (labeled
)
)
)
DIAGNOSTIC
DIAGNOSTIC
1
2
)
)
The Dual Band Main Hub Back Panel is shown below. The connectors are the same
as shown for the single band LG
Main Hub.
Cell
N-Type Female Connectors
Carrier vs. Number of Carriers,
and downlink power.
The N-type, female connectors
connect the coaxial cable from the
roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or
MBS to the Main Hub for RF
connection. These cable connectors
are operational in the cellular and PCS
frequency bands.
See
Maximum Input RF Power per
on page 17 in this section for the maximum uplink
2-7
There are three N-type female connectors:
Duplexed:
Uplink:
Downlink:
•
Duplexed (labeled
The
DUPLEX
Output and Input (bi-directional)
Simplex Output (unidirectional)
Simplex Input (unidirectional)
DUPLEX
)
connector is for a duplexed
connection. This connector provides both
downlink and uplink signals to and from the
roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or MBS to the
Main Hub. This duplex port provides a 30 or 40
dB gain on the duplex part. See “LGCell
System Gain” on page 17.
•
Uplink (labeled
REVERSE
Downlink (labeled
) and
FORWARD
)
The uplink and downlink connectors are for a
simplex connection. The
FORWARD
receives RF signals an d th e
REVERSE
connector
connector
transmits RF signals to and from the roofmounted antenna, repeater, or MBS.
DO NOT exceed the maximum input power into the Main Hub. See
Maximum Input RF Power per Carrier vs. Number of Carriers,
on page
17 in this section.
2-8 LGCell Equipment
D-Sub 9-Pin Connector
The D-Sub 9-pin connector (labeled
DIAGNOSTIC
1
)
provides contact closure for major and latch system
alarm monitoring. The following table lists the
function of each pin on the D-sub 9-pin connector.
Pin Function
1+10 V (fused)
2 Not connected
3 Not connected
4 Error Latch (positive connection)
5 Error Latch (negative connection)
6 DC Ground
7 Major Error (positive connection)
8Error Reset
9 Major Error (negative connection)
Alarms
LGC
provides full Operations Alarm Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P).
ell
The Main Hub senses then latches major alarms. An error latch provides historical
information for troubleshooting.
The major alarms and error latches are monitored with contact closures. Alarms can
be sent to remote locations (see
Troubleshooting
Report Monitor (ARM2000)
). For details about alarm monitoring, see
.
Section 5, Connectivity
and
Section 6,
Appendix E – Alarm
The two error connections, Major Error and Error Latch, are relay connections.
They are either open or short circuit (see the following table).
Operation Major Error Error Latch
Proper Operat i on Short Circuit Short Circuit
Error Open Circui t Open Circuit
Proper Operation but had error and system latched;
alarm was not reset
Short Circuit Open Circuit
When you use these error pin connections, determine the error status by sending a
current of no more than 40 mA through the positive connection and returning it
through the negative connection. An error is indicated if current ceases to flow
through the error connection.
2-9
Expansion Hub
Antenna Ports
1234
Main Hub Port
The Expansion Hub is LG
It transmits and receives low frequency signal (<200MHz) to and from the Main
Hub, and to and from the RAUs. Utilizing LGC Wireless’ proprietary technology,
both the MMF and the UTP/STP cables c an transm it signal s in the cellular or PCS
frequency bands.
The Dual Band 900/1800 Expansion Hub is shown below:
’s intermediate distribution point.
Cell
2-10 LGCell Equipment
Expansion Hub Features
• Mounts in a standard 19" equipment rack, with 17.25” (438 mm)
• Height is 1.7" (44.5 mm). The Dual Band Expansion Hub is 3.5” (88.9 mm)
high.
• Operates with worldwide AC power, 100-240 VAC at 1.6 A and 50/60 Hz
• Connects up to four RAUs. The Dual Band Expansion Hub connects up to four
RAUs for the 900 system and up to four RAUs for the 1800 system.
• Connects to the Main Hub with MMF transmit/receive cable (up to 1.5 dB
optical loss, approximately 1 kilometer without jumpers)
• Connects up to four RAUs via four RJ-45 connectors that feed RAUs directly
through a UTP/STP cable
• Provides DC power to RAUs through the UTP/STP cable
• Has easily accessible connectors
• Displays system operation via front panel LEDs
• Communicates with Main Hub for system alarm status
Expansion Hub Front Panel
8
35
4
7
9
7 7 7
6
1 2
(Labeled 1, 2, 3, and 4)
Expansion Hub Description
1
AC power cord connector
2
Power On/Off switch
3
In Fiber Port (labeled
downlink (labeled
4
In Fiber Port (labeled
MAIN HUB
DOWN
MAIN HUB
)
), one standard ST connector for MMF
), one standard ST connector for MMF uplink
(labeled UP)
5
One LED for port sync status (labeled
6
One LED for power (labeled
7
Four standard UTP/STP CAT 5 Cable RJ-45 female connectors (labeled
ANTENNA PORTS
1, 2, 3
, and 4)
POWER
)
SYNC
)
2-11
One LED to monitor RF link status (labeled
8
One LED to monitor sync status (labeled
9
LINK STATUS
)
SYNC
)
The Dual Band Expansion Hub Front Panel is shown below. The connectors are the
same as those explained for the single band system.
900 MHz
DUAL BAND
1800 MHz
Standard MMF Uplink and Downlink Port
The Expansion Hub transmits and receives cellular or PCS signals
to and from the Main Hub using up to 1 kilometer of industrystandard 62.5µm/125 µm MMF cable found in most buildings.
•
Uplink/Output (labeled
UP)
The uplink is the combination of all uplink signals received by the
RAUs. The signals are fed into the Expansion Hub via the UTP/STP
cables. The Expansion Hub then transmits the combination of all
signals to the Main Hub via the MMF cable.
•
Downlink/Input (labeled
DOWN
)
The Expansion Hub receives downlink signals from the Main Hub
via the other MMF port. The downlink signals are subsequently reradiated at all RAUs via the UTP/STP cable.
2-12 LGCell Equipment
UTP/STP CAT 5 Cable Connectors
Delivers electrical power to the RAUs. Also
transmits downlink signals and receives uplink
signals to and from the RAUs.
Expansion Hub LEDs
LED Color Indication
LED
S
Green On/Off Fault
Green On/Off Fault
S
Green
Red
Green
Red
Operational
Fault
Operational
Fault
HUB LED
POWER
SYNC
ORT
P
SYNC
LINK STATUS
Remote Antenna Unit (RAU)
RAU Description
• One female SMA connector
• One Standard CAT 5 UTP/STP RJ-45
female receptacle
• Two LEDs
•One for antenna power
•One for antenna sync indication
2-13
The Dual Band 900/1800 RAU is shown here. The Dual Band RAU has the same
connectors as the single band RAU. It has one set of connectors for the 900 RAU
and one set for the 1800 RAU.
RAUs are active antennas that connect directly to an Expansion Hub over standard
CAT 5 (or better) UTP/STP cable. The cable also delivers electrical power to the
antenna.
RAUs receive uplink cellular or PCS signals and re-transmits them t o an Expansion
Hub in a low frequency signal format (<200MHz).
They also receive signals from the Expansion Hub, and re-convert the signals back
to the cellular or PCS band for transmission on the downlink.
RAU Features
• Transmits to Expansion Hubs via an RJ-45 connector using UTP/STP cable
• Uses an SMA connector for standard in-building antennas
• Has easily accessible connectors
• Displays system operation via LEDs
• Dimensions: 5.7" x 5.5" x 1.2" (145 mm x 140 mm x 30 mm). The dim ensions
for the Dual Band RAU are 8” x 6.2” x 2.7” (1626 mm x 157 mm x 69 mm).
• Connects to Expansion Hub via one RJ-45 connector that feeds RAUs directly
through a UTP/STP cable (up to 60 meters)
For system performance for cable lengths greater than 60 meters, see “LGCell
System Gain vs. UTP/STP Cable Length (800 MHz, iDEN, 900 MHz)” on page 6
and “LGCell System Gain vs. UTP/STP Cab le Length for 1800 MHz or 1900 MHz
(Horizontal run, measured with 1 km of Multi-Mode Fiber)” on page 7 in
Appendix A – Cables, Connectors, and Accessories
.
2-14 LGCell Equipment
RAU Connectors
SMA Connector
The SMA connector on the RAU is a duplexed RF input/output
port that connects to standard in-building antennas.
•Uplink (Input)
The uplink cellular or PCS channels are received from the
mobile phone by the in-building antenna. For the maximum
downlink composite radiated power at the RAU, see the table
on page 17 in this chapter.
•Downlink (Output)
The downlink channels are transmitted (radiated) by the
standard in-building antenna. For the maximum downlink
composite radiated power at the RAU, see the table on page 17
in this chapter.
Standard CAT 5 UTP/STP RJ-45 Jack
Delivers electrical power to the antenna. Also
transmits and receives uplink and downlink signals
to the Expansion Hub.
RAU LEDs
LED Color Indication
POWER
SYNC
If the antenna
Green On
Red Fault
LED lights red, RF power in the antenna is automatically shut
SYNC
down. The antenna RF power is reset when the
LED goes off.
SYNC
2-15
RAU Optional Antennas
The following illustration shows optional antennas that can plug into the SMA
connector. For recommended antennas, refer to the accessory section in the LG
Price List or contact your account manager.
Cell
LGC
The following tables give system specifications for LGC
• System gain, maximum input/output RF Power
• Maximum Input Power per Carrier vs. Number of Carriers
2-16 LGCell Equipment
System Specifications
ell
ell.
LGC
System Gain
ell
This table is a summary of the system gain for different frequencies and formats.
LGC
ell
Frequency/Format
800 MHz AMPS, TDMA 30 0
800 MHz CDMA 30 0
800 MHz iDEN 0 0
900 MHz GSM 0 0
1800 MHz CDMA 0 0
DCS 1800 GSM 0 0
1900 MHz TDMA 40 0
1900 MHz CDMA 40 0
1900 MHz GSM 40 0
System Gain
Duplex Simplex
Maximum Input RF Power per Carrier vs. Number of Carriers
When you connect a Main Hub to an MBS that supports several RF carriers, the RF
power per carrier must be cut back so as not to exceed the total composite radiated
power into the Main Hub
DUPLEX
shows the maximum power per carrier and maximum composite power for different
frequencies, formats, and numbers of carriers.
or
FORWARD
connector. The following table
800 CDMA 1800 Korean CDMA 1900 TDMA
Number
Carriers
Maximum
of
1 10.0 10.0 1 9.0 9.0 1 10.0 10.0
2 7.0 10.0 2 6.0 9.0 2 7.0 10.0
3 5.2 10.0 3 4.2 9.0 3 5.2 10.0
4 3.0 9.0 4 2.0 8.0 4 3.0 9.0
Power
per
Carrier
Maximum
Composite
Power
Number
Carriers
of
Maximum
Power
per
Carrier
Maximum
Composite
Power
Number
of
Carriers
Maximum
Power
per
Carrier
Maximum
Composite
Power
2-17
800 AMPS 800 TDMA 800 GSM
Number
Carriers
Maximum
of
Power
per
Carrier
1 20.0 20.0 1 17.0 17.0 1 20.0 20.0
2 15.5 18.5 2 12.5 15.5 2 8.0 11.0
3 12.8 17.6 3 9.8 14.6 3 6.0 10.8
4 11.0 17.0 4 8.0 14.0 4 4.7 10.7
5 9.5 16.5 5 6.5 13.5 5 3.8 10.8
6 8.3 16.1 6 5.3 13.1 6 3.0 10.8
7 7.3 15.8 7 4.3 12.8 7 2.3 10.8
8 6.5 15.5 8 3.5 12.5 8 2.0 11.0
9 5.7 15.2 9 2.7 12.2 9 1.5 11.0
10 5.0 15.0 10 2.0 12.0 10 1.2 11.2
11 4.4 14.8 11 1.4 11.8 11 0.8 11.2
12 3.8 14.6 12 0.8 11.6 12 0.5 11.3
13 3.3 14.4 13 0.3 11.4 13 0.3 11.4
Maximum
Composite
Power
Number
Carriers
of
Maximum
Power
per
Carrier
Maximum
Composite
Power
Number
of
Carriers
Maximum
Power
per
Carrier
Maximum
Composite
Power
14 2.8 14.3 14 -0.2 11.3 14 0.0 11.5
15 2.4 14.1 15 -0.6 11.1 15 -0.1 11.7
16 1.9 14.0 16 -1.1 11.0 16 -0.3 11.7
2-18 LGCell Equipment
1800 DCS/GSM 1900 AMPS 1900 TDMA
Number
Carriers
Maximum
of
Power
per
Carrier
1 18.0 18.0 1 20.0 20.0 1 17.0 17.0
2 6.0 9.0 2 13.5 16.5 2 12.5 15.5
3 4.0 8.8 3 11.5 16.3 3 9.8 14.6
4 2.7 8.7 4 10.3 16.3 4 8.0 14.0
5 1.8 8.8 5 9.3 16.3 5 6.5 13.5
6 1.0 8.8 6 8.3 16.1 6 5.3 13.1
7 0.3 8.8 7 7.3 15.8 7 4.3 12.8
8 0.0 9.0 8 6.5 15.5 8 3.5 12.5
9 -0.4 9.1 9 5.7 15.2 9 2.7 12.2
10 -0.8 9.2 10 5.0 15.0 10 2.0 12.0
11 -1.1 9.3 11 4.4 14.8 11 1.4 11.8
12 -1.4 9.4 12 3.8 14.6 12 0.8 11.6
13 -1.7 9.4 13 3.3 14.4 13 0.3 11.4
Maximum
Composite
Power
Number
Carriers
of
Maximum
Power
per
Carrier
Maximum
Composite
Power
Number
of
Carriers
Maximum
Power
per
Carrier
Maximum
Composite
Power
14 -1.9 9.6 14 2.8 14.3 14 -0.2 11.3
15 -2.1 9.7 15 2.4 14.1 15 -0.6 11.1
16 -2.3 9.7 16 1.9 14.0 16 -1.1 11.0
2-19
1900 GSM
Number
of
Carriers
1 20.0 20.0
2 8.0 11.0
3 6.0 10.8
4 4.7 10.7
5 3.8 10.8
6 3.0 10.8
7 2.3 10.8
8 2.0 11.0
9 1.5 11.0
10 1.2 11.2
11 0.8 11.2
12 0.5 11.3
13 0.3 11.4
Maximum
Power
per
Carrier
Maximum
Composite
Power
14 0.0 11.5
15 -0.1 11.7
16 -0.3 11.7
Band Selective Option
LGC
ell
800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 1900 MHz
The LGC
800/900 MHz system has fixed bands of operation. The LGC
ell
1900 MHZ system has a fixed bandwidth filter in each system that is centered over
the desired band of operation. The desired band of operation is an ordered item
either by band (A, B, D, E, F) or by the center uplink and downlink frequency.
ell
1800/
2-20 LGCell Equipment
The following table shows the bandwidths for each type of system.
System
DAS 800 MHz -
TDMA, CDMA
DAS 800 MHz DAS 900 GSM 25 MHz 947.5 MHz 902.5 MHz
DAS 1800 KO REAN CDMA 30 Mhz 1765 MHz 1855 MHz
DAS 1800 DCS (GSM) 30 MHz
DAS 1900 MHz -
TDMA, GSM
AMPS,
iDEN
CDMA,
Fixed Filter
Bandwidth
25 MHz 836.5 MHz 881.5 MHz
18 MHz 815 MHz 860 MHz
15 MHz
Uplink Center
Frequency
1725 MHz
MHz
1857.5 MHz
1892.5 MHz
1
to 1770
2
to
Downlink Center
Frequency
1820 MHz1 to 1865
MHz
1937.5 MHz2 to
1972.5 MHz
For example, the A band for 1900 MHz PCS has the fixed 15 MHz filter centered
at 1937.5 MHz for the downlink and 1857.5 for the uplink.
1
30 MHz pass filter can be positioned along the 75 MHz DCS 1800 band. Order product with uplink and
downlink frequency at 1.25 MHz spacing. For example an uplink center frequency of 1737.5 MHz will provide
a 30 MHz band between 1722.5 MHz and 1752.5 MHz and a downlink center frequency of 1832.5 MHz will
provide a 30 MHz band between 1817.5 MHz and 1847.5 MHz.
2
Similar to above, the 1900 PCS 15 MHz filter can be positioned along the 60 MHz band.
The LG
covers a 30 MHz band in frequency range of 1710 MHz to 1785 MHz
Cell
on the uplink and 1805 MHz to 1880 MHz on the downlink. The operator can
choose where to place the 30 MHz band of operation by choosing the corresponding
center frequencies as shown in the following table
.
2-21
Band Center Frequency of the DCS 1800 MHz LG
The
filter band is 30 MHz wide (or 15 MHz on each side of the center).
Cell
Uplink Freq Downlink Freq Uplink Freq Downlink Freq
1725.00 1820.00 1748.75 1843.75
1726.25 1821.25 1750.00 1845.00
1727.50 1822.50 1751.25 1846.25
1728.75 1823.75 1752.50 1847.50
1730.00 1825.00 1753.75 1848.75
1731.25 1826.25 1755.00 1850.00
1732.50 1827.50 1756.25 1851.25
1733.75 1828.75 1757.50 1852.50
1735.00 1830.00 1758.75 1853.75
1736.25 1831.25 1760.00 1855.00
1737.50 1832.50 1761.25 1856.25
1738.75 1833.75 1762.50 1857.50
1740.00 1835.00 1763.75 1858.75
1741.25 1836.25 1765.00 1860.00
1742.50 1837.50 1766.25 1861.25
1743.75 1838.75 1767.50 1862.50
1745.00 1840.00 1768.75 1863.75
1746.25 1841.25 1770.00 1865.00
1747.50 1842.50
The following table shows settings for the 1900 MHz system.
Settings for Selecting Band Center Frequency of the 1900 MHz
LG
System
Cell
Band Uplink Frequency Downlink Frequency
A
D
1857.50 1937.50 MHz
1867.50 1947.50 MHz
B 1877.50 1957.50 MHz
E 1887.50 1967.50 MHz
F 1892.50 1972.50 MHz
2-22 LGCell Equipment
3
LGC
Site Planning and Design
ell
This section provides information to assist in planning and designing an LGCell
system and preparing a site for the LGCell installation. Proper project management
is instrumental in providing a timely and accurate deployment.
The first step in planning an LG
frequency (RF) coverage you need for your building or coverage area. Initial
estimates can be developed using floor plans and the models that follow. Eventually
you need to go on-site to evaluate the facility’s readiness for installation and
possibly perform RF measurements in order to guarantee performance. The LGC
Wireless Site Survey Questionnaire is included for your reference.
LGCell Site Planning and Design
Project Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
RF Coverage Estimate for a Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
RF Measurements and Site Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
system is to estimate the amount of radio
Cell
Contents
Site Survey Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3-2 LGCell Site Planning and Design
Project Management
Installing the LGC
met. It is beneficial to have one person manage and coordinate all aspects of the
planning, design, and installation. Managing the process should avoid unnecessary
surprises.
The project manager is the person responsible for assigning tasks and ensuring
scheduled work is performed on time. This includes collecting all information
necessary for a complete site assessment, getting co st estimates and purc hase order
(PO) approval, scheduling any cabling work, scheduling the LGC
and commissioning, and providing final as-built documentation.
The project manager also acts as the coordinator between the following people:
Cellular or PCS carrier
RF engineer
Site acquisition person
MBS vendor
MBS installer
Cabling contractor(s)
End user
If you do not have a designated project manager, please contact LGC Wireless. We
can provide you with an estimate of what it would cost to have LGC Wireless
manage your project. Please call us at 1-800-530-9960 (in the U.S.). International
customers, please call us at +1-408-487-2400.
system is easy afte r all of the pre-installati on requirements are
ell
installation
ell
3-3
Project Management Estimated Timeline
Description Details Time Interval
Detailed site walkthrough/RF survey
Order LGC
equipment
Select cabling
contractor
Order all other
equipment
Install cable Monitor installation. 1-5 days
Install LGC
Test installation and
RF coverage
Generate as-built
document
ell
Review installation checklist and prepare all
ell
Prepare installation information, including RF plan,
floor plan, equipment order form, and final design.
Get all standard parts and accessories required. 8 weeks
Complete installation statement of work and provide
floor plan with equipment locations, list of cabling
runs, and other materials and connections. Get
cabling quotation after walk-through.
Get equipment from all vendors, including cables,
connectors, MBS, surge protectors, and so on.
Monitor order progress and shipment.
materials.
Be sure there are no blank areas. 1 hour per
Prepare site plan diagram and coverage performance. 1-5 days
2 weeks
2 weeks
4 weeks
1-3 days
RAU
RF Coverage Estimate for a Site
To provide adequate RF coverage within a facility, you need a median signal level
strong enough for good voice communications.
As a guideline, you can refer to the following tables for general coverage areas,
based on a design goal of 0 dBm output power per carrier, -85 dBm received signal
strength (independent of communications protocol), 5 dB fade margin and 3 dBi
antenna gain.
3-4 LGCell Site Planning and Design
Antenna Coverage for 800/900 MHz Frequency Applications (0 dBm
per carrier, 5 dB fade margin, -85 dBm design goal and 3 dBi antenna
gain)
Facility PLS Coverage per Antenna (Square Feet)
Manufacturing 27.3 30,000
Hospital 28.8 15,000
Airport 27.3 30,000
Retail 27.7 25,000
Warehouse 27.3 30,000
Parking Garage 26.8 40,000
Antenna Coverage for 1800/1900 MHz Frequency Applications
Facility PLS Coverage per Antenna (Square Feet)
Manufacturing 24.9 25,000
Hospital 26.5 10,000
Airport 24.9 25,000
Retail 25.2 20,000
Warehouse 24.9 25,000
Parking Garage 24.3 35,000
Office Antenna Coverage for 800/900 MHz Frequency Applications
Facility PLS Coverage per Antenna (Square Feet)
Open - 80% cubicles/20% offices 27.7 25,000
80% - 50% cubicles/50% offices 28.2 20,000
10% - 20% cubicles/80% offices 28.8 15,000
3-5
Office Antenna Coverage for 1800/1900 MHz Frequency Applications
Facility PLS Coverage per Antenna (Square Feet)
Open - 80% cubicles/20% offices 25.2 20,000
80% - 50% cubicles/50% offices 25.7 15,000
10% - 20% cubicles/80% offices 26.5 10,000
The preceding tables show estimated clutter-defined path loss slope (PLS)
for different frequencies at various kinds of sites. If you change the design
goal or other parameters, these numbers will change based on the PLS.
If the design parameters (output power per carrier, design goal, antenna gain, and
fade margin) differ from those stated above, you can use the PLS value shown in
the preceding tables in the following formula to estimate the area of coverage per
antenna:
Path Loss Formulas
Path Loss (dB) = PLS * log 4
Note: Path Loss Slope = PLS dB/decade for free space loss
is the distance in meters
D
is the frequency in MHz
f
is the speed of light
c
Path Loss=Power per Carrier + Antenna Gain - Fade Margin - Design Goal (dBm)
(Path Loss / PLS)
= [10
D
To convert feet to meters:
Area = (D x 3.281)
The PLS is a general path loss num ber which takes into account free space
loss and normal barriers to the RF signal. Severe obstructions such as
metal, cement walls, or elevator shafts are best accounted for by a physical
site survey.
] x [
2
x
π
π
fD
c
/
c
(4
π
)]
f
/
3-6 LGCell Site Planning and Design
As a reference the following table gives estimates of the signal loss for some RF
barriers.
Average Signal Loss of Common Building Materials
Partition Type Loss @ 815 MHz
Metal wall 26 dB
Aluminum siding 20 dB
Concrete block wall 13 dB
Foil insulation 4 dB
Concrete floor 15 dB
Sheetrock 1.4 dB
RF Measurements and Site Survey
Before designing an LG
characteristics of the building. To determine the amount of coverage per antenna,
the best method is a test of RF propagation, which you can do on-site with a test
transmitter and field strength meter.
While at the site, one can use the following Site Survey Questionnaire to document
site specifics.
system, one should go to the site and measure the loss
Cell
Site Survey Questionnaire
You can use the LGC Wireless Site Survey Questionnaire to help design your
LG
needed when you walk a site:
system. A sample questionnaire follows. The following information is
Cell
3-7
Site Survey Questionaire
,
t
585 EAST BROKAW ROAD | SAN JOSE, CA 95112 | TEL 408.487.2400 | FAX 408.487.2410
Project Name:
Purchaser: Contact:
Address:
End-User:
Address:
Type of System Enhancement:
If BTS, what Manufacturer & Model #:
If BTS, what is the # of Subscribers:
What is the desired downlink power at mobile (dBm):
Frequency(ies):
Protocol(s):
Are Floor Plans Available (Including Map Scale):
Is Coverage Required Out Doors:
If Floor Plans are not available, how many Buildings are to be Covered:
How Many Floors per Building:
(Use the Add'l comments if needed)
Total Square Footage to Cover per Building:
(Use the Add'l comments if needed)
Are Exposed Antennas Tolerated Inside:
Are Exposed Antennas Tolerated Outside:
Locations for Main & Expansion Hubs Available (closets):
Are 19" Equipment Racks Available:
Is AC Power available at the Main and Expansion Hubs:
Are Multimode Fiber Optic Cables Already Available:
Are CAT 5 UTP/STP Runs Already Available:
Are LGC Wireless Services Required:
If so, which Services:
Estimated Installation Start Date (Must Provide If Services are Needed):
Add'l Comments:
(Special install
requirements, covered
areas
- Project Management:
- Site Survey:
- LGCell Equipment Install & Commissioning:
- CAT5, MMF, Coax & Antenna Installation:
contacts, e
Coverage (BDA)
-75 -80 -85
800
AMPS iDEN
DCS
1 =
6 = 7 = 8 = 9 = 10 =
Company Name:
Phone:
E-Mail:
End-User Contact:
BHCR: Erlangs/Sub:
900
YES
YES
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
Phone:
E-Mail:
Capacity (BTS)
1800
GSM TDMA CDMA
NO
NO
2 = 3 = 4 = 5 =
Yes No Don't Know
# of Carriers:
Wireless Office
1900
Not to be distributed without prior written consent of LGC Wireless
CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY
Ver. 2.0
3-8 LGCell Site Planning and Design
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