ADC DAS819A-4 Users Manual

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LGCell Wireless

Networking System

Version 4.0

Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual

PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

This manual is produced for use by LGC Wireless personnel, licensees, and customers. The information contained herein is the property of LGC Wireless. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of LGC Wireless.

LGC Wireless reserves the right to make changes, without notice, to the specifications and materials contained herein, and shall not be responsible for any damages caused by reliance on the material as presented, including, but not limited to, typographical and listing errors.

Your comments are welcome – they help us improve our products and documentation. Please address your comments to LGC Wireless, Inc. corporate headquarters in San Jose, California:

Address 2540 Junction Avenue

San Jose, California 95134-1902 USA

Attn: Marketing Dept.

Phone 1-408-952-2400

Fax 1-408-952-2410

Help Hot Line 1-800-530-9960 (U.S. only)

+1-408-952-2400 (International)

Web Address http://www.lgcwireless.com

e-mail info@lgcwireless.com

service@lgcwireless.com

Trademarks

All trademarks identified by ™ or ® are trademarks or registered trademark of LGC Wireless, Inc. All other trademarks belong to their respective owners.

LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

Limited Warranty

Seller warrants articles of its manufacture against defective materials or workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment to Purchaser, except as provided in any warranty applicable to Purchaser on or in the package containing the Goods (which warranty takes precedence over the following warranty). The liability of Seller under the foregoing warranty is limited, at Seller’s option, solely to repair or replacement with equivalent Goods, or an appropriate adjustment not to exceed the sales price to Purchaser, provided that (a) Seller is notified in writing by Purchaser, within the one year warranty period, promptly upon discovery of defects, with a detailed description of such defects, (b) Purchaser has obtained a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) from Seller, which RMA Seller agrees to provide Purchaser promptly upon request, (c) the defective Goods are returned to Seller, transportation and other applicable charges prepaid by the Purchaser, and (d) Seller’s examination of such Goods discloses to its reasonable satisfaction that defects were not caused by negligence, misuse, improper installation, improper maintenance, accident or unauthorized repair or alteration or any other cause outside the scope of Purchaser’s warranty made hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Seller shall have the option to repair any defective Goods at Purchaser’s facility. The original warranty period for any Goods that have been repaired or replaced by seller will not thereby be extended. In addition, all sales will be subject to standard terms and conditions on the sales contract.

PN 8100-40 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

Table of Contents

SECTION 1 General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.1 Purpose and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

1.2 Conventions in this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

1.3 Acronyms in this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

1.4 Standards Conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

1.5 Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

SECTION 2

LGCell 4.0 System Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.1 System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

2.2 System Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

2.2.1 Using LGCell to Increase Coverage and Capacity . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.2.2 Using LGCell to Increase Coverage, Capacity, and

Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

2.2.3 Using LGCell to Simultaneously Support Multiple

Bands/Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

2.3 System Bandwidths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

2.3.1 800 MHz and 900 MHz Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

2.3.2 1800 MHz and 1900 MHz Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

2.4 System Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14

2.4.1 Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14

2.4.2 Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15

2.4.3 Alarm LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15

SECTION 3 LGCell Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1 LGCell Main Hub Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

3.1.1 MMF Downlink/Uplink Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

3.1.2 Main Hub LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

3.2 LGCell Main Hub Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

3.2.1 Main Hub Rear Panel Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

3.3 LGCell Main Hub Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

3.4 LGCell Main Hub Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

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SECTION 4 LGCell Expansion Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.1 LGCell Expansion Hub Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

4.1.1 MMF Downlink/Uplink Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.1.2 RJ-45 Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

4.1.3 Expansion Hub LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

4.2 LGCell Expansion Hub Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

4.3 LGCell Expansion Hub Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

4.4 LGCell Expansion Hub Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

SECTION 5

SECTION 6

SECTION 7

LGCell Remote Access Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.1 LGCell Remote Access Unit Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

5.1.1 Remote Access Unit LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

5.2 LGCell Remote Access Unit Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

5.3 LGCell Remote Access Unit Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6

5.4 Choosing Passive Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

Managing and Planning an LGCell Project . . . . 6-1

6.1 Managing an LGCell Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

6.1.1 Project Management Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

6.2 Planning an LGCell Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

6.2.1 Site Survey Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7

6.3 Installation Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

6.4 System Optimization and Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

Designing an LGCell Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

7.1 Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

7.2 Estimating RF Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

7.2.1 Path Loss Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16

7.2.2 Path Loss Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17

7.2.3 Coverage Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-18

7.2.4 Example Design Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-23

7.3 System Gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-25

7.3.1 System Gain (Loss) Relative to MMF Cable Length . . . . . . 7-26

7.3.2 System Gain (Loss) Relative to UTP/STP Cable Length . . . 7-27

7.4 Link Budget Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-28

7.4.1 Elements of a Link Budget for Narrowband Standards . . . . . 7-29

7.4.2 Narrowband Link Budget Analysis for a Microcell

Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-31

7.4.3 Elements of a Link Budget for CDMA Standards . . . . . . . . . 7-33

7.4.4 Spread Spectrum Link Budget Analysis for a Microcell

Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-36

7.4.5 Considerations for Re-Radiation (over-the-air) Systems . . . . 7-40

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7.5 Connecting a Main Hub to a Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-41

7.5.1 Attenuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-42

7.5.2 Uplink Attenuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-43

7.5.2.1 Uplink Attenuation Exception: CDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-44

7.6 Designing for a Neutral Host System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-45

7.6.1 Capacity of the LGCell Neutral Host System . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-45

7.6.2 Example LGCell Neutral Host System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-46

SECTION 8 Installation Requirements and Safety

Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

8.1 Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

8.1.1 Cable and Connector Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

8.1.2 Neutral Host System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

8.1.3 Distance Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

8.2 Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4

8.2.1 Underwriters Laboratory Installation Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . 8-4

8.2.2 General Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5

8.2.3 Fiber Port Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6

SECTION 9 Installing the LGCell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.1 Inspecting Shipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

9.2 Installing the Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

9.2.1 Main Hub Installation Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

9.2.2 Tools and Materials Required to Install Main Hub . . . . . . . . . 9-4

9.2.3 Main Hub Installation Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5

9.2.4 Interfacing LGCell to Base Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9

9.2.4.1 Connecting Multiple LGCell Systems to a

Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-14

9.2.5 Reporting LGCell Alarms to a Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-16

9.2.6 Installing Main Hubs in a Neutral Host System . . . . . . . . . . 9-19

9.3 Installing the Expansion Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-20

9.3.1 Expansion Hub Installation Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-20

9.3.2 Tools and Materials Required to Install Expansion Hub . . . . 9-20

9.3.3 Expansion Hub Installation Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-21

9.3.4 Installing Expansion Hubs in a Neutral Host System . . . . . . 9-27

9.4 Installing the Remote Access Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-28

9.4.1 Remote Access Unit Installation Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-28

9.4.2 Tools and Materials Required to Install Remote Access Unit 9-28

9.4.3 RAU Installation Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-29

9.4.4 Installing Remote Access Units in a Neutral Host System . . 9-33

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SECTION 10 Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and

Technical Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1

10.1 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1

10.2 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2

10.2.1 Troubleshooting Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3

10.2.2 Troubleshooting Using the LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4

10.2.2.1 LED Indicator Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4

10.2.2.2 Diagnostic Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5

10.3 Technical Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9

APPENDIX A

APPENDIX B

Cables and Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

A.1 Coaxial Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-2

A.2 Multimode Fiber Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-2

A.3 Category 5 UTP/STP Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-3

A.4 5-port Daisy-Chain Alarm Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-4

Compliance Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

B.1 LGCell System Approval Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

B.1.1 800 MHz Cellular . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

B.1.2 800 MHz iDEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2

B.1.3 900 MHz EGSM/GSM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2

B.1.4 1800 MHz GSM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2

B.1.5 1900 MHz PCS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3

B.1.6 FCC Regulatory Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3

B.1.7 Industry Canada Regulatory Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3

B.2 Declaration of Conformity to Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4

B.3 IEC/EN 60825-2: Safe Use of Optical Fiber Communication

Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-7

B.3.1 Description of LGCell System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-7

B.3.2 Requirements under IEC 60825 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-7

B.3.3 Installation Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-8

B.3.4 Evaluation of LGC System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-8

B.3.5 Suggested Work Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-9

B.4 Human Exposure to RF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-10

APPENDIX C

Frequently Asked Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1

APPENDIX D Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1

iv LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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List of Figures

Figure 2-1 LGCell Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Figure 2-2 LGCell System Block Diagram (Single Band) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Figure 2-3 Increasing Coverage with LGCell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

Figure 2-4 Increasing Capacity and Coverage with LGCell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

Figure 2-5 Increasing Coverage, Capacity, and Functionality with LGCell . . . . . . 2-7

Figure 2-6 Example Neutral Host Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

Figure 2-7 LGCell Neutral Host Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

Figure 3-1 The Main Hub in an LGCell 1-1-1 Configuration* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Figure 3-2 Front Panel of a Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Figure 3-3 MMF Downlink/Uplink Ports on the Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Figure 3-4 Main Hub Front Panel LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Figure 3-5 Rear Panel of a Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Figure 3-6 N-type Female Connectors on the Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Figure 3-7 9-pin D-sub Connector on the Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

Figure 3-8 Monitoring Main Hub Alarms from the BTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

Figure 4-1 The Expansion Hub in an LGCell 1-1-1 Configuration* . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Figure 4-2 Front Panel of an Expansion Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Figure 4-3 MMF Downlink/Uplink Port on the Expansion Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Figure 4-4 RJ-45 Ports on the Expansion Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Figure 4-5 Expansion Hub Front Panel LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

Figure 5-1 The Remote Access Unit in an LGCell 1-1-1 Configuration* . . . . . . . 5-1

Figure 5-2 RJ-45 Port on a Single Band RAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Figure 5-3 RJ-45 Ports on LGCell Dual Band RAUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Figure 5-4 SMA Connector on the Single Band RAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Figure 5-5 Block Diagram of the Dual Band RAUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Figure 5-6 RAU LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

Figure 7-1 Determining Path Loss between the Antenna and the Wireless Device 7-15

Figure 7-2 Connecting LGCell Main Hubs to a Simplex Base Station . . . . . . . . . 7-41

Figure 7-3 LGCell to Duplex Base Station or Repeater Connections . . . . . . . . . . 7-42

Figure 9-1 Simplex Base Station to LGCell Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10

Figure 9-2 Duplex Base Station to LGCell Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11

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Figure 9-3 Duplex Base Station to LGCell Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12

Figure 9-4 Duplex Base Station to LGCell Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13

Figure 9-5 Connecting Two LGCell Main Hubs using their Duplex Ports . . . . . . 9-14

Figure 9-6 5-port Daisy-Chain Alarm Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-17

Figure A-1 Wiring Map for Cat-5 UTP Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-3

Figure A-2 5-port Daisy-Chain Alarm Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-4

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List of Tables

Table 2-1 Bandwidths: 800 and 900 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

Table 2-2 Band Frequency of the DCS 1800 MHz LGCell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

Table 2-3 Bandwidths: 1900 MHz PCS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

Table 3-1 Main Hub LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Table 3-2 Main Hub Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Table 4-1 Expansion Hub LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

Table 4-2 Expansion Hub Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Table 5-1 RAU LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

Table 5-2 RAU Specifications (Single Band Unless Indicated Otherwise) . . . . . 5-6

Table 5-3 RF Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

Table 6-1 Project Management Estimated Timeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

Table 6-2 Installation Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

Table 7-1 800 MHz Cellular Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

Table 7-2 800 MHz iDEN/CDMA Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Table 7-3 900 MHz GSM or EGSM Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Table 7-4 1800 MHz DCS (GSM) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

Table 7-5 1800 MHz CDMA (Korea) Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Table 7-6 1900 MHz PCS Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

Table 7-7 800 MHz CDMA and 900 MHz GSM Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . 7-10

Table 7-8 800 MHz Cellular and 1900 MHz PCS Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Table 7-9 900 MHz GSM or EGSM and 1800 MHz GSM Power per Carrier . . 7-12

Table 7-10 1800/1800 MHz GSM Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13

Table 7-11 Coaxial Cable Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

Table 7-12 Average Signal Loss of Common Building Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16

Table 7-13 Estimated Path Loss Slope for Different In-Building Environments . 7-17

Table 7-14 Frequency Bands and the Value of the first Term in Equation (3) . . . 7-18

Table 7-15 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 800 MHz Cellular Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-19

Table 7-16 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 800 MHz iDEN Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-19

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Table 7-17 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 900 MHz GSM Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20

Table 7-18 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 900 MHz EGSM Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20

Table 7-19 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 1800 MHz DCS Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-21

Table 7-20 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 1800 MHz CDMA (Korea) Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-21

Table 7-21 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 1900 MHz PCS Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-22

Table 7-22 System Gain when using Duplex/Simplex Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-25

Table 7-23 System Gain (Loss) Relative to UTP/STP Cable Length . . . . . . . . . . 7-27

Table 7-24 LGCell Maximum Input Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-28

Table 7-25 Link Budget Considerations for Narrowband Systems . . . . . . . . . . . 7-29

Table 7-26 Distribution of Power within a CDMA Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-33

Table 7-27 Additional Link Budget Considerations for CDMA Systems . . . . . . 7-34

Table 8-1 LGCell Distance Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

Table 10-1 LGCell Equipment LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4

Table 10-2 LED Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5

Table B-1 Peak 1-g SAR for RAU Models 850 and 1900 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-10

viii LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

SECTION 1 General Information

This section contains the following:

• Section 1.1 Purpose and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

• Section 1.2 Conventions in this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

• Section 1.3 Acronyms in this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

• Section 1.4 Standards Conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

• Section 1.5 Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

PN 8100-40 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 1-1

620004-0 Rev. E

General Information

1.1 Purpose and Scope

This document describes the LGCellTM Distributed Antenna System and its installation. The following sections are included:

• Section 2 LGCell 4.0 System Description

• Section 3 LGCell Main Hub

• Section 4 LGCell Expansion Hub

• Section 5 LGCell Remote Access Unit

• Section 6 Managing and Planning an LGCell Project

• Section 7 Designing an LGCell Solution

• Section 8 Installation Requirements and Safety Precautions

• Section 9 Installing the LGCell

• Section 10 Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Technical Assistance

• Appendix A Cables and Connectors

• Appendix B Compliance Information

• Appendix C Frequently Asked Questions

• Appendix D Glossary

1-2 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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1.2 Conventions in this Manual

The following table lists the type style conventions used in this manual.

Convention Description

bold Used for emphasis

BOLD CAPS

Measurements are listed first in metric units, followed by U.S. Customary System of units in parentheses. For example:

0° to 45°C (32° to 113°F)

The following symbols are used to highlight certain information as described:

NOTE: This format is used to emphasize text with special significance or importance, and to provide supplemental information.

Used to indicate labels on equipment

Conventions in this Manual

CAUTION: This format is used when a given action or omitted

action can cause or contribute to a hazardous condition. Damage to the equipment can occur.

WARNING: This format is used when a given action or omitted action can result in catastrophic damage to the equipment or cause injury to the user.

Procedure

This format is used to highlight a procedure.

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 1-3

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General Information

1.3 Acronyms in this Manual

Acronym Definition

BDA bidirectional amplifier/repeater

BTS base transceiver station

Cat-5 Category 5 (twisted pair cable)

CDMA Code Division Multiple Access

C/I carrier to interface

CISP Certified Installation Service Provider

dB decibel

dBm decibels relative to 1 milliwatt

DCS Digital Communications System

DL downlink

EGSM Extended Global Standard for Mobile Communications

GHz gigahertz

GSM Groupe Speciale Mobile (now translated in English as Global Standard

for Mobile Communications)

Hz hertz

iDEN Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (Motorola variant of TDMA

wireless)

IF intermediate frequency

LAN local area network

LED light emitting diode

mA milliamps

MBS microcellular base station

MHz megahertz

MMF multimode fiber

MTBF mean time between failures

NF noise figure

nm nanometer

PBX private branch exchange

PCS

PLL phase-locked loop

PLS path loss slope

RAU Remote Access Unit

RF radio frequency

RSSI received signal strength indicator

Personal Communications System

1-4 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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Acronyms in this Manual

Acronym Definition

SMA sub-miniature A connector (coaxial cable connector type)

SNR signal-to-noise ratio

ST straight tip (fiber optic cable connector type)

STP shielded twisted pair

TDMA Time Division Multiple Access

TP twisted pair

UL uplink; Underwriters Laboratories

UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

UPS uninterruptable power supply

UTP unshielded twisted pair

WOS wireless office service

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 1-5

620004-0 Rev. E

General Information

1.4 Standards Conformance

• Complies with industry standards for IS-19B/AMPS, J-STD-8, IS-136/TDMA, IS-95B/CDMA.

• Utilizes the TIA/EIA 568-A Ethernet cabling standards for ease of installation.

• Distributes signals over a building’s existing industry-standard cable infrastructure of multimode fiber (MMF) and unshielded twisted pair/shielded twisted pair (UTP/STP) cable.

• See Appendix B for compliance information.

1.5 Related Publications

• MetroReach Focus Configuration, Installation, and Reference Manual; LGC Wireless part number 8500-10

• ARM2000 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual; LGC Wireless part number 8305-10

• LGC Wireless Complementary Products Catalog; LGC Wireless part number 8600-10

• Neutral Host System Planning Guide; LGC Wireless part number 9000-10

1-6 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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SECTION 2 LGCell 4.0 System Description

This section contains the following:

• Section 2.1 System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

• Section 2.2 System Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

• Section 2.3 System Bandwidths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

• Section 2.4 System Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14

PN 8100-40 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 2-1

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LGCell 4.0 System Description

2.1 System Overview

The LGCell acts as an extension of the outdoor, macrocellular network to provide RF signal coverage and capacity to places where the signals are not always available or adequate, such as inside a building, tunnel, subway, or other hard-to-reach locations.

LGCell features:

• Supports all cellular protocols.

• Provides uniform radio coverage.

• Distributes cellular signals through standard multimode fiber (MMF) and standard UTP/STP cables, which are found in most office buildings.

• Uses a double-star topology, which allows for easy, cost-effective growth of coverage and capacity.

The LGCell system consists of three components, as shown (from top to bottom) in the following figure:

• Remote Access Unit

• Expansion Hub

•Main Hub

Figure 2-1 LGCell Components

2-2 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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From/To BTS or Repeater

Processing

Control

Processing

Splitter

Combiner

Alarm Control

System Overview

The following figure shows a block diagram of a single band LGCell system. Note that uplink and downlink RF and control signals for an RAU travel through one Cat-5 cable.

Figure 2-2 LGCell System Block Diagram (Single Band)

Remote Access UnitExpansion HubMain Hub

E/O

Multimode Fiber

O/E

Processing

Control

Processing

Cat-5

SplitterSplitter

Cat-5

Diagnostics

Cat-5

Combiner

Processing

Control

Processing

Duplexer

Power Supply Power Supply EH/RAU

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 2-3

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell 4.0 System Description

LGCell components are available in the following frequencies and protocols:

• Single-Band Frequencies and Protocols

• 800 MHz Cellular

• 800 MHz iDEN

• 900 MHz GSM

• 900 MHz EGSM

• 1900 MHz PCS (4 band options)

• Dual-Band Frequencies and Protocols

The Main Hubs and Expansion Hubs in a dual-band system each consist of two single-band hubs. The Dual Band RAUs contain electronics for two bands and have combined output ports.

• 800 MHz CDMA & 900 MHz GSM (China only)

• 800 MHz Cellular & 1900 MHz PCS

• 900 MHz GSM & 1800 MHz DCS

• 900 MHz EGSM & 1800 MHz DCS

• 1800 MHz DCS & 1800 MHz DCS

1. Approved for use with paging and two-way messaging in the U.S. and Canada.

2-4 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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2.2 System Operation

Downlink (Base Station/Repeater to Wireless Handsets)

• The LGCell system’s Main Hub is usually installed in a 19 in. (483 mm) equipment rack in a wiring closet or equipment room inside the facility where coverage will be provided. Coaxial cable is used to connect the Main Hub to a local base station or to a repeater that is attached to a roof-top antenna. The Main Hub receives the incoming RF signals and splits them to feed four internal fiber optic transceivers that convert the RF signals to optical signals. The Main Hub transmits the optical signals over multimode fiber to up to four Expansion Hubs, which are usually installed in other telecom closets throughout the facility.

WARNING: Exceeding the maximum input power could cause failure of the Main Hub (refer to Section 7.1 on page 7-3 for maximum power ratings). Attenuators may be required to limit the maximum composite power into the Main Hub.

System Operation

•The Expansion Hub converts the optical signals back to electrical signals, which are then transmitted to up to four Remote Access Units (RAUs) over Cat-5 UTP/STP cabling.

•The Remote Access Unit receives the electrical signals from the Expansion Hub and transports the signals over a short coaxial cable to an attached passive antenna, which then transmits the RF signals to wireless handsets.

Uplink (Wireless Handsets to Base Station)

• The passive antenna relays the RF signals from wireless handsets to the Remote Access Unit, which then transmits the signals to the Expansion Hub over Cat-5

UTP/STP cabling.

•The Expansion Hub converts the electrical signals to optical signals and transmits the signals to the Main Hub over MMF.

•The Main Hub converts the optical signals to the proper frequency band RF sig- nals and sends them to a local base station or to a repeater that is connected to a roof-top antenna.

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 2-5

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell 4.0 System Description

2.2.1 Using LGCell to Increase Coverage and Capacity

You can extend the outdoor, macrocellular network indoors by connecting the LGCell system to a repeater that is attached to a roof-top antenna. The following figure illustrates how the LGCell can be used to enhance in-building coverage.

Figure 2-3 Increasing Coverage with LGCell

Roof-top Antenna

BTS

Mobile

Switching

Center

Repeater

LGCell Main Hub

Multimode Fiber

LGCell Expansion Hub

Coaxial Cable

Category 5 UTP/STP Cable

RAU

In-Building Installation for Increased Coverage

RAU

You can increase the number of users who are able to communicate through their wireless handheld devices by connecting an LGCell system to a local, centralized base station. In this configuration, the base station provides voice channel capacity and the LGCell provides coverage.

Figure 2-4 Increasing Capacity and Coverage with LGCell

T1/E1

LGCell Main Hub

LGCell Expansion Hub

Microcellular

Base

Station

Multimode Fiber

LGCell Expansion Hub

Coaxial Cable

Category 5 UTP/STP Cable

RAU

In-Building Installation for Increased Capacity and Coverage

RAU

2-6 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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System Operation

2.2.2 Using LGCell to Increase Coverage, Capacity, and Functionality

Interfacing the LGCell with a base station/PBX network gives wireless phone users PBX functionality through their wireless phones, anytime, anywhere. The following figure shows an example installation for wireless office service (WOS).

Figure 2-5 Increasing Coverage, Capacity, and Functionality with LGCell

Mobile

Switching

Center

In-Building Installation for Increased Coverage, Capacity, and Functionality

RAU

T1/E1

LGCell Main Hub

LGCell Expansion Hub

PBX

Microcellular

Base

Station

Multimode Fiber

LGCell Expansion Hub

Coaxial Cable

Category 5 UTP/STP Cable

RAU

With the LGCell/base station/PBX* solution, employees can use a wireless phone in place of a wireline desk phone to access the PBX while inside the building and use the same phone for wireless communications while outside the building. Employees can access PBX features such as four-digit dialing, call delivery, call forwarding, call-waiting, conferencing, and voice mail from their wireless phone.

In this configuration, the base station private wireless network transmits RF signals indoors, and the macrocellular network takes over outdoors.

*Check with your PBX manufacturer/vendor for compatibility, connection, and operation.

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 2-7

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell 4.0 System Description

2.2.3 Using LGCell to Simultaneously Support Multiple Bands/Protocols

The LGCell can simultaneously support more than one frequency band. Two options include:

• The Dual Band LGCell for an Operator running parallel networks in the same mar-

ket

• The neutral host configuration, which is described here

The term “neutral host” refers to the fact that the system supports multiple wireless Operators and that the equipment typically is owned by a third-party company.

Neutral host systems are deployed in situations such as the following:

• Public microcellular applications such as airport terminals, subways/train stations,

and similar public buildings usually require that the in-building RF distribution system infrastructure be capable of supporting any current frequency band and protocol, including paging and messaging, and that it be future-proof.

• It is common for the same service provider to be licensed to operate in multiple

bands in the same geographical area. For example, some Asian and European service providers have licenses in both 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands. Some North American service providers operate in both 800 MHz and 1900 MHz bands.

• A building owner will often allow service providers to provide wireless service in

their building only if they cooperate and share the infrastructure equipment and distribution system. Delays in service implementation and loss of revenue occur when the competing service providers do not agree on how to share the equipment and installation costs.

Additional distribution cabling infrastructure, beyond initial requirements, often is installed to accommodate adding Operators or services or to enhance capacity by sectorizing the distribution equipment at a later time.

2-8 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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Figure 2-6 Example Neutral Host Application

Fiber Optic Cable: Installed now, used now

Cat-5 Cable: Installed now, used now

System Operation

LGCell Main Hub

Operator 1

LGCell Main Hub

Op. 1 and/or Op. 2

Fiber Optic Cable: Installed now, used later

Future LGCell Equipment

LGCell Expansion Hub

Operator 1

(Operator 2 in the future)

Cat-5 Cable: Installed now, used later

LGCell Expansion Hub

Op. 1 and/or Op. 2

Future LGCell Equipment

RAU

Neutral host systems are deployed as shared or dedicated systems.

• Shared System: Multiple wireless Operators use the same set of LGCell hardware to distribute RF signals.

• Dedicated System: Each Operator uses an independent LGCell system.

In order to simplify coverage planning and minimize installation costs, the equipment is “clustered” and installed in groups. The number of Hubs and RAUs required for a system is determined by their ability to be shared.

The configuration shown in Figure 2-7 supports up to 7 Operator bands.

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 2-9

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell 4.0 System Description

Figure 2-7 LGCell Neutral Host Configuration

Main Hub Cluster

Main Hub

800 MHz iDEN

Main Hub

1900 MHz A and D

Main Hub

1900 MHz B and E

Main Hub

800 MHz A and B

Expansion Hub

Clusters 2 and 3

RAU

Clusters B and C

Expansion Hub

Optical Fiber

Expansion Hub

Cluster 4

Cluster 1

Expansion Hub 800 MHz iDEN

Expansion Hub

1900 MHz A and D

Expansion Hub

1900 MHz B and E

Expansion Hub

800 MHz A and B

Cat-5

RAU

Clusters D

iDEN

RAU

A/D

RAU

B/E

RAU

Cluster A

A/B

RAU

Refer to the Neutral Host Planning Guide (PN 9000-10) for more information about this type of configuration.

2-10 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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2.3 System Bandwidths

2.3.1 800 MHz and 900 MHz Systems

The 800 MHz and 900 MHz LGCell systems have fixed bandwidths of operation, as shown in the following table.

Tab le 2-1 Bandwidths: 800 and 900 MHz

System Bandwidths

LGCell System

800 MHz Cellular

System Bandwidth (MHz)

25 824–849 869–894

Uplink Freq. Range (MHz)

Downlink Freq. Range (MHz)

800 MHz iDEN 18 806–824 851–869

900 MHz GSM

25 890–915 935–960

900 MHz EGSM 35 880–915 925–960

a. The 800 MHz CDMA/900 MHz GSM dual-band LGCell is composed of two single-band LGCells

(one 800 MHz Cellular and one 900 MHz GSM) and supports the following frequency bands: 800 MHz CDMA

Downlink: 870 to 880 MHz Uplink: 825 to 835 MHz Bandwidth: 10 MHz

900 MHz GSM:

Downlink: 954 to 960 MHz Uplink: 909 to 915 MHz Bandwidth: 6 MHz

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LGCell 4.0 System Description

2.3.2 1800 MHz and 1900 MHz Systems

The 1800 MHz DCS (GSM) and 1900 MHz PCS systems have a bandpass filter that is positioned within the uplink and downlink bands. This position is specified when the equipment is ordered and it is set during manufacturing.

1800 MHz DCS (GSM) System Bandwidth

The 1800 MHz DCS (GSM) bandpass filter is positioned within the 75 MHz band during manufacturing. The bandpass filter is 30 MHz for all bands except DCS1, which is 15 MHz.

When ordering the DCS product, select the appropriate band of operation from the list of available bands as shown in the following table

Tab le 2-2 Band Frequency of the DCS 1800 MHz LGCell

System

Band

DCS 1 15 1710 to 1725 1805 to 1820

DCS 2 30 1725 to 1755 1820 to 1850

DCS 3 30 1755 to 1785 1850 to 1880

DCS 4 30 1721.25 to 1751.25 1816.25 to 1846.25

DCS 5 30 1751.25 to 1781.25 1846.25 to 1876.25

Bandwidth (MHz) Uplink (MHz) Downlink (MHz)

DCS Uplink Bands

1710 1725 1755

DCS 1 DCS 2 DCS 3

DCS 4 DCS 5

DCS 6

1721.25 1751.25 1781.25 1750 1780 1840 1870

1785

1805

DCS Downlink Bands

1820 1850

DCS 1 DCS 2 DCS 3

DCS 4 DCS 5

DCS 6

1816.25 1846.25 1876.25

1880

2-12 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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System Bandwidths

1900 MHz PCS System Bandwidth

The 1900 MHz PCS bandpass filter is positioned within the 60 MHz band during manufacturing. The PCS bandpass filter is 20 MHz.

Tab le 2-3 Bandwidths: 1900 MHz PCS

PCS Bandwidth in the US

Band

(MHz)

A15

B15

LGCell System Bandwidth (MHz)

C15

LGCell equipment can be ordered in the following configurations:

• Bands A and D

• Bands D and B

• Bands B and E

• Bands E and F

LGCell equipment does not support band C.

PCS Uplink Bands

A DBEF C

1850 1865 1870 1885 1890 1895 1910

Uplink (MHz)

Downlink (MHz)

1850 to 1865 1930 to 1945

1865 to 1870 1945 to 1950

1870 to 1885 1950 to 1965

1885 to 1890 1965 to 1970

1890 to 1895 1970 to 1975

1895 to 1910 1975 to 1990

PCS Downlink Bands

A DBEF C

1930 1945 1950 1965 1970 1975 1990

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620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell 4.0 System Description

2.4 System Specifications

2.4.1 Physical Specifications

Parameter Main Hub Expansion Hub Remote Access Unit

RF Connectors 3, N-type female 4, RJ-45 Single Band: 1, RJ-45;

1, SMA female

Dual Band (900/1800, 800/900, 800/1900): 2, RJ-45; 1, SMA female

Dual Band (1800/1800): 2, RJ-45; 2, SMA female

Remote Alarm Connector (contact closure)

MMF Connectors 4 Pair, ST female 1 Pair, ST female —

LED Alarm and Status Indicators

AC Power (Universal)

Typical

Maximum

Power Consumption

Typical

Maximum

Enclosure Dimensions

× width × depth)

(height

Excluding angle-brackets for 19'' rack mounting of hubs.

Weight < 3 kg (< 6.5 lb) < 3 kg (< 6.5 lb) Single Band:

MTBF (hours) 298,000 461,000 965,000

1, 9-pin D-sub, female 1, 25-pin D-sub (not used), male

Sync, Power, Port Link Status, Port Sync

117V AC, 0.22 amp @ 60 Hz 230V AC, 0.11 amp @ 50 Hz

117V AC, 0.30 amp @ 60 Hz 230V AC, 0.15 amp @ 50 Hz

25 W

35 W

44.5 mm (1.75 in.

× 438 mm × 229 mm

× 17.25 in. × 9 in.)

——

Sync, Power, Port Link Status,

Power, Sync

Port Sync

117V AC, 0.47 amp @ 60 Hz

—

230V AC, 0.24 amp @ 50 Hz

117V AC, 0.64 amp @ 60 Hz

—

230V AC, 0.32 amp @ 50 Hz

32 W / 55 W with 4 RAUs 45 W / 75 W with 4 RAUs

44.5 mm (1.75 in.

× 438 mm × 229 mm

× 17.25 in. × 9 in.)

5.7 W

7.5 W

Single Band: 36 mm × 110 mm × 140 mm

× 4.3 in. × 5.5 in.)

(1.4 in.

Dual Band (900/1800, 1800/1800):

× 157 mm × 203 mm

68 mm (2.7 in.

× 6.2 in. × 8 in.)

Dual Band (800/900, 800/1900):

× 261 mm × 200 mm

35 mm (1.4 in.

× 10.3 in. × 7.9 in.)

< 0.4 kg (<1 lb)

Dual Band: < 0.8 kg (< 1.8 lb)

2-14 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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2.4.2 Environmental Specifications

Parameter Rating

Operating Temperature 0° to +45°C / 32° to +113°F

Non-operating Temperature –20° to +85°C / –4° to +185°F

Operating Humidity; non-condensing 5% to 95%

2.4.3 Alarm LEDs

The Main Hub has LINK STATUS and SYNC LEDs for each fiber port. The Expansion Hub has

Unit Alarm Name LED Color Condition

Main Hub Power Green AC power is ON

Sync (above power)

Port Link Status Green The Main Hub is receiving a signal from the Expansion Hub without

Port Sync Green The Expansion Hub and its connected RAUs do not have an alarm

Expansion Hub Power Green AC power is ON

Sync (above power)

Port Link Status/Port Sync

RAU Power Green DC power to RAU

Sync Red PLL is not locked or clock power is low

LINK STATUS and SYNC LEDs for each Cat-5 (RAU) port.

Green Main Hub’s phase lock loop (PLL) is locked

Off Main Hub’s PLL is not locked

an alarm signal

Red The Main Hub is receiving an alarm signal from the Expansion Hub

Red There is no Expansion Hub connected

Green The Expansion Hub is receiving the pilot signal

Off The Expansion Hub is not receiving the pilot signal

Green/Green The RAU is connected and functioning properly

Green/Red The Connected RAU is malfunctioning

Red/Green The RAU has been disconnected or the cable is cut

Red/Red No RAU is connected

System Specifications

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 2-15

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell 4.0 System Description

2-16 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

SECTION 3 LGCell Main Hub

The Main Hub is the LGCell’s central distribution point. On the dowlink, it receives RF signals from a base station or a repeater and converts them to optical signals, which it distributes to Expansion Hubs. On the uplink, the Main Hub receives optical signals from the Expansion Hubs and converts them back to RF signals to be relayed to a base station or a repeater.

Figure 3-1 The Main Hub in an LGCell 1-1-1 Configuration*

STATUS

SYNC

DOWN

LINK

TO EXPANSION HUB PORTS

DOWN

LINK

STATUS

SYNC

STATUS

SYNC

DOWN

LINK

STATUS

LINK

SYNC

DOWN

SYNC POWER

LGCellTM Main Hub

AC POWER

Coaxial Cable between Main Hub and Base Station or

Multimode Fiber

Repeater

between Main Hub and Expansion Hub

LINK

ANTENNA PORTS

STATUS

SYNC

SYNC POWER

DOWN

MAIN HUB PORT

LGCellTM Expansion Hub

AC POWER

Cat-5 UTP/STP between Expansion Hub and RAU

RAU

Coaxial Cable between RAU and Passive Antenna

*1-1-1 configuration = 1 Main Hub, 1 Expansion Hub, and 1 Remote Access Unit

LGCell Main Hub Features

• Mounts in a standard 19 in. (483 mm) equipment rack

• Connects to a base station or repeater using coaxial cable

• Supports up to four Expansion Hubs using standard 62.5µm/125µm multimode fiber (MMF) cable

• Displays system status with front panel LEDs

• Provides contact closures and error latches for major errors through a D-sub 9-pin connector on the rear panel

PN 8100-40 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 3-1

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Main Hub

3.1 LGCell Main Hub Front Panel

The front panel of a Main Hub is shown in the following figure.

Figure 3-2 Front Panel of a Main Hub

123

LINK

STATUS

SYNC

TO EXPANSION HUB PORTS

DOWN

LINK

STATUS

SYNC

LINK

STATUS

SYNC

DOWN

LINK

STATUS

SYNC

DOWN

SYNC POWER

LGCellTM Main Hub

DOWN

1. AC power cord connector

2. Power On/Off switch

3. One LED for unit sync status (labeled SYNC)

4. One LED for unit power status (labeled POWER)

5. Four MMF ports (labeled 1, 2, 3, 4)

• One standard female ST optical connector for MMF downlink (labeled

• One standard female ST optical connector for MMF uplink (labeled

6. One LED per port for port link status (labeled LINK STATUS)

7. One LED per port for port sync status (labeled SYNC)

AC POWER

DOWN)

UP)

3-2 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

3.1.1 MMF Downlink/Uplink Ports

The Main Hub’s MMF downlink/uplink ports transmit/receive optical signals to/from Expansion Hub(s) using industry-standard 62.5µm/125µm MMF cable. There are four MMF ports (labeled port has two female ST optical connectors: one for downlink (output) and one for uplink (input).

• MMF Downlink Connector

This female ST connector (labeled signals to an attached Expansion Hub.

• MMF Uplink Connector

This female ST connector (labeled from an attached Expansion Hub.

Figure 3-3 MMF Downlink/Uplink Ports on the Main Hub

TO EXPANSION HUB PORTS

DOWN

STATUS

LINK

SYNC

DOWN

LINK

STATUS

SYNC

1, 2, 3, and 4) on the Main Hub’s front panel. Each MMF

STATUS

DOWN

LINK

SYNC

STATUS

DOWN

LINK

SYNC

LGCell Main Hub Front Panel

DOWN) is used to transmit the downlink optical

UP) is used to receive the uplink optical signals

SYNC POWER

LGCellTM Main Hub

AC POWER

Uplink/Input from Expansion Hub Female ST optical connector

Downlink/Output to Expansion Hub Female ST optical connector

Port Disconnect Memory

The Main Hub detects when active fiber is connected to its MMF ports. An alarm is issued and latched if an active fiber cable from an MMF port on the Main Hub or an attached Expansion Hub is disconnected. The port disconnect memory and major alarm are cleared if you reconnect the fiber into the same functioning port. The error latch remains active until power is cycled. If you do not want to use that port, you should cycle the Main Hub’s power to clear the port disconnect memory and the error latch.

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 3-3

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Main Hub

3.1.2 Main Hub LED Indicators

The front panel of the Main Hub has LEDs that provide diagnostic information and operational status of the unit.

Figure 3-4 Main Hub Front Panel LEDs

LINK

STATUS

MMF Port LED Indicators (1 pair for each MMF port)

SYNC

TO EXPANSION HUB PORTS

DOWN

LINK

STATUS

SYNC

STATUS

SYNC

DOWN

LINK

STATUS

SYNC

LINK

DOWN

SYNC POWER

LGCellTM Main Hub

AC POWER

STATUS

SYNC

DOWN

LINK

SYNC

POWER

Unit Functionality LED Indicators (1 pair per hub)

The Main Hub’s MMF port LEDs can be used to help troubleshoot downstream problems; however, the LEDs do not indicate which downstream component has the problem.

The Main Hub’s LED indicators are described in the following table.

Tab le 3-1 Main Hub LED Indicators

MMF Port Indicators Color Indicates

LINK STATUS

SYNC

Green

Red

Green

Red

Good connection to the Expansion Hub that is connected to the port.

Connection problem with the Expansion Hub that is connected to the port.

Expansion Hub connected to the port is operating properly.

An alarm with the Expansion Hub that is connected to the port.

Unit Functionality Indicators Color Indicates

SYNC

POWER

Green

Off

Main Hub is correctly producing the synchronization signal.

Main Hub is not correctly producing the synchronization signal.

Green Main Hub has power.

3-4 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

3.2 LGCell Main Hub Rear Panel

The rear panel of a Main Hub is shown in the following figure.

Figure 3-5 Rear Panel of a Main Hub

LGCell Main Hub Rear Panel

1. Three N-type, female connectors with dust caps:

• One simplex uplink, unidirectional (labeled

• One simplex downlink, unidirectional (labeled

• One duplexed, bidirectional (labeled

2. One 9-pin D-sub connector (labeled DIAGNOSTIC 1)

3. One 25-pin D-sub connector, factory use only (labeled DIAGNOSTIC 2)

4. Air exhaust vent

3 2

REVERSE FORWARD DUPLEX

DIAGNOSTIC 2 DIAGNOSTIC 1

REVERSE)

FORWARD)

DUPLEX)

111

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 3-5

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Main Hub

3.2.1 Main Hub Rear Panel Connectors

N-Type Female Connectors

There are three N-type female connectors on the rear panel of the Main Hub: one duplex and two simplex. Generally, the simplex connectors are used together and the duplex connector is used by itself.

• Simplex Connectors

The simplex connectors provide unidirectional connection of a Main Hub to a local base station or to a repeater that is connected to a roof-top antenna.

–The

REVERSE connector transmits uplink RF signals to a base station or a

repeater.

–The

FORWARD connector receives downlink RF signals from a base station

or a repeater.

• Duplex Connector

The

DUPLEX connector provides bidirectional (both uplink and downlink) con-

nection between the Main Hub and a base station or a repeater. This connector has a fixed gain of 0, 30, or 40 dB, depending on the system (see Table 7-22 on page 7-25).

Figure 3-6 N-type Female Connectors on the Main Hub

REVERSE FORWARD DUPLEX

DIAGNOSTIC 2 DIAGNOSTIC 1

NOTE: Always keep the dust cap on unused N-type connectors.

WARNING: Exceeding the maximum input power could cause failure

of the Main Hub (refer to Section 7.1 on page 7-3 for maximum power ratings). Attenuators may be required to limit the maximum composite power into the Main Hub.

3-6 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Main Hub Rear Panel

9-pin D-sub Connector

The 9-pin D-sub connector (labeled DIAGNOSTIC 1) provides contact closures and error latches for monitoring major errors.

The following table lists the function of each pin on the 9-pin D-sub connector. Pin locations are labeled on Figure 3-7.

Pin Function

1 +10 V (fused)

2 Not connected

3 Not connected

4 Error Latch (positive connection)

5 Error Latch (negative connection)

6 DC Ground (common)

7 Major Error (positive connection)

8 Error Reset

9 Major Error (negative connection)

Figure 3-7 9-pin D-sub Connector on the Main Hub

REVERSE FORWARD DUPLEX

DIAGNOSTIC 2 DIAGNOSTIC 1

Use the error pin connections to determine the error status: send a current of no more than 40 mA @ 40V DC maximum (4 mA @ 12V DC typical) through the positive connection. The current will return through the negative connection. An error is indicated if current ceases to flow through the error connection.

25-pin D-sub Connector

Reserved for factory use only.

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 3-7

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Main Hub

3.3 LGCell Main Hub Alarm

The two error connections, Major Error and Error Latch, are relay connections. They are either open or short circuit as shown in the following table.

Operation Major Error Error Latch

Proper Operation Short Circuit Short Circuit

Error Open Circuit Open Circuit

Error Latch indicates that there has been a major error which was cleared.

• Major Error

The Main Hub senses, then latches, major errors, which can be monitored via the alarm port’s contact closures. Red or unlit (off) LEDs on the front panel indicate when an alarm is detected. (Refer to Section 10.2 on page 10-2 for help troubleshooting using LEDs.)

The major error contact can be brought back to the BTS for alarm monitoring if the BTS provides +40V DC or less.

Short Circuit Open Circuit

Figure 3-8 Monitoring Main Hub Alarms from the BTS

BTS

Main

Hub

• Error Latch

The error latch provides historical information for troubleshooting when you use an external alarm monitor. The recommended method of clearing an error latch is to connect pin 8 (error reset) to pin 1 (+10V) for at least one second. You can power cycle the unit to clear the error latch, but if you are not monitoring alarms externally, there is no need to do this. Normal operation of the system will not be affected by an uncleared error latch.

3-8 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Main Hub Specifications

3.4 LGCell Main Hub Specifications

Note that for dual band systems, the specifications are per band.

Tab le 3-2 Main Hub Specifications

Specification Description

Dimensions (H

Weight < 3 kg (< 6.5 lb)

Operating Temperature 0° to 45°C (32° to 113°F)

Operating Humidity, non-condensing 5% to 95%

Clearance Front: minimum 50 mm (2 in.)

RF Connectors 3, N-type female

Remote Alarm Connector, contact closure 1, 9-pin D-sub female

Multimode Fiber Connectors 4 pair, ST female

LED Alarm and Status Indicators MMF Port: Link Status, Sync (4 pair)

AC Power (Universal)

Typical

Maximum

Power Consumption

Typical

Maximum

Frequencies • 800 MHz Cellular

MTBF (hours) 298,000

× W × D) 44.5 mm × 438 mm × 229 mm (1.75 in. × 17.25 in. × 9 in.); 1U

Rear: minimum 76 mm (3 in.)

1, 25-pin D-sub female (not used)

Unit Functionality: Sync, Power (1 pair)

117V AC, 0.22 amp @ 60 Hz 230V AC, 0.11 amp @ 50 Hz

117V AC, 0.30 amp @ 60 Hz 230V AC, 0.15 amp @ 50 Hz

25 W

35 W

• 800 MHz iDEN

• 900 MHz GSM

• 900 MHz EGSM

• 1800 MHz DCS

• 1900 MHz PCS

• 800 MHz Cellular & 1900 MHz PCS

• 900 MHz GSM & 1800 MHz DCS

• 900 MHz EGSM & 1800 MHz DCS

• 1800 MHz DCS & 1800 MHz DCS

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 3-9

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Main Hub

3-10 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

SECTION 4 LGCell Expansion Hub

The Expansion Hub is LGCell’s intermediate distribution point. It converts optical signals that it receives from the Main Hub to intermediate frequency (IF) electrical signals that it transmits over Cat-5 cable to the RAUs.

Figure 4-1 The Expansion Hub in an LGCell 1-1-1 Configuration*

TO EXPANSION HUB PORTS

STATUS

DOWN

LINK

SYNC

STATUS

DOWN

LINK

SYNC

STATUS

DOWN

LINK

SYNC

STATUS

DOWN

LINK

SYNC

SYNC POWER

Multimode Fiber

LGCellTM Main Hub

AC POWER

Coaxial Cable between Main Hub and Base Station or Repeater

between Main Hub and Expansion Hub

STATUS

SYNC

LINK

ANTENNA P ORTS

SYNC POWER

DOWN

MAIN HUB PORT

LGCellTM Expansion Hub

AC POWER

Cat-5 UTP/STP between Expansion Hub and RAU

RAU

Coaxial Cable between RAU and Passive Antenna

*1-1-1 configuration = 1 Main Hub, 1 Expansion Hub, and 1 Remote Access Unit

LGCell Expansion Hub Features

• Mounts in a standard 19 in. (483 mm) equipment rack

• Connects to Main Hub using 62.5µm/125µm multimode fiber (MMF) cable

• Supports up to four RAUs per band using Cat-5 UTP/STP cable with RJ-45 connectors

• Provides DC power to RAUs through the UTP/STP cable

• Has easily accessible front panel connectors

• Displays its status and the status of attached RAUs with front panel LEDs

• Communicates with Main Hub for system alarm status

PN 8100-40 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 4-1

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Expansion Hub

4.1 LGCell Expansion Hub Front Panel

The front panel of an Expansion Hub is shown in the following figure.

Figure 4-2 Front Panel of an Expansion Hub

STATUS

SYNC

LINK

DOWN

MAIN HUB PORT

LGCellTM Expansion Hub

SYNC POWER

ANTENNA PORTS

1 2

AC POWER

1. AC power cord connector

2. Power On/Off switch

3. MMF Port (labeled MAIN HUB)

• One standard female ST optical connector for MMF downlink (labeled

• One standard female ST optical connector for MMF uplink (labeled

DOWN)

UP)

4. One LED for unit sync status (labeled SYNC)

5. One LED for unit power status (labeled POWER)

6. Four standard Cat-5 UTP/STP cable RJ-45 female connectors (labeled ANTENNA

PORTS 1

, 2, 3, and 4)

7. One LED per RJ-45 connector for link status (labeled LINK STATUS)

8. One LED per RJ-45 connector for sync status (labeled SYNC)

4-2 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

4.1.1 MMF Downlink/Uplink Port

The Expansion Hub’s MMF downlink/uplink port transmits and receives optical signals to/from the Main Hub using industry-standard 62.5µm/125µm MMF cable. There is one MMF port (labeled MMF port has two female ST optical connectors: one for downlink (input) and one for uplink (output).

• MMF Downlink Connector

This female ST optical connector (labeled cal signals from the Main Hub.

• MMF Uplink Connector

This female ST optical connector (labeled signals to the Main Hub.

Figure 4-3 MMF Downlink/Uplink Port on the Expansion Hub

LINK

ANTENNA PORTS

STATUS

SYNC

SYNC POWER

MAIN HUB PORT

LGCell Expansion Hub Front Panel

MAIN HUB) on the Expansion Hub’s front panel. The

DOWN) is used to receive downlink opti-

UP) is used to transmit uplink optical

DOWN

LGCellTM Expansion H ub

AC POWER

Uplink/Output to Main Hub Female ST connector

Downlink/Input from Main Hub Female ST connector

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 4-3

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Expansion Hub

4.1.2 RJ-45 Ports

The Expansion Hub’s RJ-45 ports are for the Cat-5 UTP/STP cables that are used to transmit and receive electrical signals to/from up to four RAUs. There are four ports on the Expansion Hub’s front panel.

Figure 4-4 RJ-45 Ports on the Expansion Hub

LINK

ANTENNA PORTS

STATUS

SYNC

SYNC POWER

DOWN

MAIN HUB PORT

LGCellTM Expansion H ub

AC POWER

Female RJ-45 ports for RAU connection (4 per hub)

Port Disconnect Memory

The Expansion Hub detects when active UTP/STP cable and RAUs are connected to its RJ-45 ports. An alarm is issued and latched if you disconnect an active UTP/STP cable or an attached RAU. The port disconnect memory and alarm are cleared if you reconnect the cable into the same functioning port. The error latch remains active until power is cycled. If you do not want to use that port, you should cycle the Expansion Hub’s power to clear the port disconnect memory and the error latch.

4-4 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

4.1.3 Expansion Hub LED Indicators

The front panel of the Expansion Hub has LEDs that provide diagnostic information and operational status of the unit and attached RAUs.

Figure 4-5 Expansion Hub Front Panel LEDs

LGCell Expansion Hub Front Panel

LINK

STATUS

UTP/STP Port LED Indicators (1 pair for each RJ-45 connector)

SYNC

STATUS

LINK

SYNC

ANTENNA P ORTS

SYNC POWER

DOWN

MAIN HUB PORT

SYNC

POWER

Unit Functionality LED Indicators (1 pair per hub)

The Expansion Hub’s LED indicators are described in the following table.

Tab le 4-1 Expansion Hub LED Indicators

UTP/STP Port

Indicators/Color

LINK STATUS SYNC

Green Green RAU is connected and functioning properly.

Green Red RAU is connected but malfunctioning.

Red Green RAU has been disconnected or the cable is cut.

Red Red No RAU is connected.

Indicates

LGCellTM Expansio n Hub

AC POWER

Unit Functionality Indicators Color Indicates

SYNC

POWER

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 4-5

620004-0 Rev. E

Green

Off

Expansion Hub is receiving the synchronization signal from the Main Hub.

A fault with the MMF downlink or the unit is faulty.

Green Expansion Hub has power.

LGCell Expansion Hub

4.2 LGCell Expansion Hub Rear Panel

The Expansion Hub’s rear panel has one air exhaust vent and no connectors.

4.3 LGCell Expansion Hub Alarm

The Expansion Hub communicates its status and the status of connected RAUs to the Main Hub over the MMF cable. The Main Hub’s MMF port LEDs can be used to help troubleshoot downstream problems; however, the LEDs do not indicate which downstream unit has the alarm.

4-6 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Expansion Hub Specifications

4.4 LGCell Expansion Hub Specifications

Note that for dual band systems, the specifications are per band.

Tab le 4-2 Expansion Hub Specifications

Specification Description

Dimensions (H

Weight < 3 kg (< 6.5 lb)

Operating Temperature 0° to 45°C (32° to 113°F)

Operating Humidity, non-condensing 5% to 95%

Clearance Front: minimum 50 mm (2 in.)

RF Connectors 4 ports, RJ-45

Multimode Fiber Connectors 1 pair, ST female

LED Alarm and Status Indicators UTP/STP Port: Link Status, Sync (4 pair)

AC Power (Universal)

Typical

Maximum

Power Consumption

Typical

Maximum

Frequencies • 800 MHz Cellular

MTBF (hours) 461,000

× W × D) 44.5 mm × 438 mm × 229 mm (1.75 in. × 17.25 in. × 9 in.); 1U

Rear: minimum 76 mm (3 in.)

Unit Functionality: Sync, Power (1 pair)

117V AC, 0.47 amp @ 60 Hz 230V AC, 0.24 amp @ 50 Hz

117V AC, 0.64 amp @ 60 Hz 230V AC, 0.32 amp @ 50 Hz

32 W / 55 W with 4 RAUs 45 W / 75 W with 4 RAUs

• 800 MHz iDEN

• 900 MHz GSM

• 900 MHz EGSM

• 1800 MHz DCS

• 1900 MHz PCS

• 800 MHz Cellular & 1900 MHz PCS

• 900 MHz GSM & 1800 MHz DCS

• 900 MHz EGSM & 1800 MHz DCS

• 1800 MHz DCS & 1800 MHz DCS

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 4-7

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Expansion Hub

4-8 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

SECTION 5 LGCell Remote Access Unit

The Remote Access Unit (RAU) is an active transceiver that connects to an Expansion Hub using industry-standard Cat-5 UTP/STP cable. The cable delivers radio signals, control signals, and electrical power to the RAU.

An RAU passes electrical signals between an Expansion Hub and an attached passive antenna.

Figure 5-1 The Remote Access Unit in an LGCell 1-1-1 Configuration*

TO EXPANSION HUB PORTS

STATUS

DOWN

LINK

SYNC

LINK

SYNC

LINK

STATUS

SYNC

ANTENNA PORTS

STATUS

DOWN

LINK

SYNC

DOWN

STATUS

DOWN

LINK

SYNC

POWER

LGCellTM Main Hub

Multimode Fiber between Main Hub

AC POWER

Coaxial Cable between Main Hub and Base

Station or Repeater

and Expansion Hub

DOWN SYNC POWER

MAIN HUB PORT

LGCellTM Expansion Hub

AC POWER

Cat-5 UTP/STP between Expansion Hub and RAU

RAU

Coaxial Cable between RAU and Passive Antenna

*1-1-1 configuration = 1 Main Hub, 1 Expansion Hub, and 1 Remote Access Unit

LGCell Remote Access Unit Features

• Transmits intermediate frequency (IF) signals to and from Expansion Hub using Cat-5 UTP/STP cable with RJ-45 connectors

• Converts IF to RF (downlink) and RF to IF (uplink)

• Uses a female SMA connector for connecting to standard passive antennas

• Displays its operational status with LEDs

• Plenum-rated unit

• Mounts above a false ceiling or in a plenum-rated location

PN 8100-40 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 5-1

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Remote Access Unit

5.1 LGCell Remote Access Unit Connectors

RJ-45 Port

There is one RJ-45 port on each single band RAU, and two ports on each dual band RAU.

Figure 5-2 RJ-45 Port on a Single Band RAU

800/900 MHz and 800/1900 MHz dual band RAUs (horizontal style)

Figure 5-3 RJ-45 Ports on LGCell Dual Band RAUs

900/1800 MHz and 1800/1800 MHz dual band RAUs (vertical style)

Bands

“Lower” Band 900 MHz 1800 MHz

“Upper” Band 1800 MHz

(MHz) RAU style

900/1800 Vertical Top (900) Bottom (1800)

1800/1800

Vertical Top (1800) Bottom (1800)

800/900 Horizontal Left (800) Right (900)

800/1900 Horizontal Left (800) Right (1900)

a. On an 1800/1800 MHz dual band RAU, the ports are interchangeable.

It does not matter which Cat-5 cable coming from the 1800/1800 dual band Expansion Hub you plug into the top or the bottom RJ-45 port. However, you may want to plug the top 1800 MHz Expansion Hub’s Cat-5 cable into the top port and the bottom Expansion Hub’s cable into the bottom port for easier troubleshooting later.

“Upper” Band 900 MHz 1900 MHz

“Lower” Band 800 MHz

“Lower” Band

RJ-45 Port

“Upper” Band

5-2 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Remote Access Unit Connectors

SMA Connector

There is one female SMA connector on a single band RAU, one on the 800/900, 800/1900, and 900/1800 dual band RAUs, and two on the 1800/1800 dual band RAU. The connector is a duplexed RF input/output port that connects to standard passive antennas.

Figure 5-4 SMA Connector on the Single Band RAU

Each 800/900, 800/1900, and 900/1800 dual band RAU has a single female SMA connector. The RAU uses a diplexer to combine the lower and upper band signals from the lower and upper band Expansion Hubs for output to a single passive antenna. Conversely, the uplink signals are separated into lower and upper band signals and sent to the Expansion Hubs.

The 1800/1800 dual band RAU has two female SMA connectors. The RAU combines the signals from each of the 1800 MHz bands on the 1800/1800 dual band Expansion Hub and passes the signals to both SMA connectors. On the uplink, all signals are sent to both 1800 MHz bands on the 1800/1800 dual band Expansion Hub. When attaching one passive antenna, terminate the unused connector with an SMA-type 50 ohm terminator (LGC Wireless part number 4100).

Diagrams of the dual band RAUs are shown in the following figure.

Figure 5-5 Block Diagram of the Dual Band RAUs

800 CDMA/900 GSM, 800 Cellular/1900 PCS, and 900 (E)GSM/1800 DCS Dual Band RAU

STP

800 CDMA,

800 Cellular,

or 900 (E)GSM

900 GSM,

1800 DCS,

or 1900 PCS

Diplexer

RF Out/In to/from Antenna

800 CDMA + 900 GSM 800 Cellular + 1900 PCS 900 (E)GSM + 1800 DCS

1800 DCS/1800 DCS Dual Band RAU

STP

1800 DCS(i)

Hybrid

Combiner

1800 DCS(ii)

1800 DCS(i) + 1800 DCS(ii)

RF Out/In to/from Antenna

1800 DCS(i) + 1800 DCS(ii)

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-3

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Remote Access Unit

5.1.1 Remote Access Unit LED Indicators

The RAU has LEDs that provide diagnostic information and operational status of the unit.

Figure 5-6 RAU LEDs

The RAU’s LED indicators are described in the following table.

Tab le 5-1 RAU LED Indicators

LED Color Indicates

POWER

SYNC

Green RAU is receiving power from the connected Expansion Hub.

Red PLL is not locked or clock power is low.

Off No fault.

When the RAU

SYNC LED turns red, it indicates that the RF power in the RAU is

shut down. When the fault is corrected, the

SYNC LED turns off.

5-4 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Remote Access Unit Alarm

5.2 LGCell Remote Access Unit Alarm

The RAU communicates its status to the Expansion Hub over the Cat-5 cable. The Expansion Hub, in turn, communicates the status to the Main Hub. The Main Hub’s MMF port LEDs can be used to help troubleshoot downstream problems; however, the LEDs do not indicate which downstream unit has the alarm.

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-5

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Remote Access Unit

5.3 LGCell Remote Access Unit Specifications

Specification Description

Dimensions (H

Single Band

Dual Band (vertical): 900/1800, 1800/1800

Dual Band (horizontal): 800/900, 800/1900

Wei gh t

Single Band

Dual Band: all

Operating Temperature 0° to 45°C (32° to 113°F)

Operating Humidity, non-condensing 5% to 95%

RF Connectors

Single Band

Dual Band: 900/1800, 800/900, 800/1900

Dual Band: 1800/1800

LED Alarm and Status Indicators Power, Sync

Power Consumption

Typical Maximum

Frequencies • 800 MHz Cellular*

Tab le 5-2 RAU Specifications (Single Band Unless Indicated Otherwise)

× W × D)

× 110 mm × 140 mm (1.4 in. × 4.3 in. × 5.5 in.)

36 mm

× 157 mm × 203 mm (2.7 in. × 6.2 in. × 8 in.)

68 mm

× 261 mm × 200 mm (1.4 in. × 10.3 in. × 7.9 in)

35 mm

< 0.4 kg (< 0.9 lb)

< 0.8 kg (< 1.8 lb)

1 RJ-45; 1, SMA female

2 RJ-45; 1, SMA female

2 RJ-45; 2 SMA female

5.7 W

7.5 W

• 800 MHz iDEN

•900 MHz GSM*

• 900 MHz EGSM

• 1800 MHz DCS

• 1900 MHz PCS

MTBF (hours) 965,000

* The 800 MHz CDMA/900 MHz GSM RAU is designed for use in China. It comprises one 800 MHz Cellular and

one 900 MHz GSM single band RAU as well as a diplexer that filters and combines the bands.

5-6 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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LGCell Remote Access Unit Specifications

The RF passband for the 800 MHz CDMA/900 MHz GSM RAU is shown in Table 5- 3.

Tab le 5-3 RF Frequency

800 MHz CDMA 900 MHz GSM

Parameter

RF Frequency (full band) 870 to 880 MHz 825 to 835 MHz 954 to 909 MHz 909 to 915 MHz

Bandwidth 10 MHz 10 MHz 6 MHz 6 MHz

Downlink Uplink Downlink Uplink

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-7

620004-0 Rev. E

LGCell Remote Access Unit

5.4 Choosing Passive Antennas

Typically, omni-directional and directional passive antennas are used. Typical antenna gain is approximately 3 dBi for omni-directional antennas and 7 dBi for directional antennas. Antenna manufacturer specifications should be considered when selecting antennas.

Antenna selection considerations include:

• Antenna gain

• Antenna type (omni or directional, etc.)

• Performance

• Appearance (important to the building owner)

• Mounting type (ceiling mount, wall mount)

Refer to the LGC Wireless Complementary Products Catalog or contact your LGC account manager for a complete list of passive antennas that are available from LGC Wireless.

5-8 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

620004-0 Rev. E

SECTION 6 Managing and Planning an

LGCell Project

This section provides information to assist in managing and planning an LGCell system installation.

• Section 6.1 Managing an LGCell Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

• Section 6.2 Planning an LGCell Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

• Section 6.3 Installation Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

• Section 6.4 System Optimization and Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

PN 8100-40 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 6-1

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Managing and Planning an LGCell Project

6.1 Managing an LGCell Project

Proper project management is instrumental in providing timely and accurate deployment of the LGCell system. It is beneficial to have one person manage and coordinate all aspects of the project: planning, designing, and installing the equipment. The project manager is the person responsible for assigning tasks and ensuring scheduled work is performed on time. The project manager also acts as the coordinator between all the people involved in the project.

The following table shows an estimated timeline for project management.

Tab le 6-1 Project Management Estimated Timeline

Description Details Time Interval

Detailed site walk-through/RF survey

Order LGCell equipment Get all parts and accessories required. 8 weeks*

Select cabling contractor Complete installation statement of work and provide floor plan with equip-

Install cable Monitor installation. 1 to 5 days

Install LGCell Review installation checklist and prepare all materials.

Test installation and RF coverage

Generate as-built document Prepare site plan diagram and coverage performance. 1 to 5 days

Prepare installation information, including RF plan, floor plan, equipment order form, and final design documents.

ment locations, cabling runs, and other materials and connections. Get cabling quotation after walk-through.

Refer to Section 6.3 on page 6-8.

Be sure there are no uncovered areas.

Refer to Section 6.4 on page 6-9.

1 to 2 weeks

2 weeks

1 to 3 days

1 hour per RAU

*Standard delivery after receipt of order.

6-2 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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6.1.1 Project Management Responsibilities

Project management functions are performed throughout the duration of the project, from Site Survey through Commissioning, and include the following:

Lead Project Team

• Identify all project participants and document contact information

• Initiate project kick-off meeting

• Provide coordination of all participants

• Provide regular status reports to all participants including the end-user

Define Scope of Project

• Obtain system approval from all participants

• Define site coverage requirements

• Identify critical path items

• Identify all special requirements or potential “roadblocks”

• Plan installation time requirements

Conduct RF Site Survey

Managing an LGCell Project

• Review/confirm the preliminary signal readings and results of the RF Site Survey, whether conducted by LGC Wireless or others

• Identify RF project changes and/or restrictions

Prepare Site for Installation

• Conduct site walk-through with all appropriate participants

• Coordinate required permits

• Determine material receiving/storage/disbursement location

• Engage and contract with the cabling sub-contractor

• Schedule material delivery

• Coordinate and manage the installation, termination, and testing of required cables (MMF, UTP/STP, coaxial)

• Coordinate with the base station vendor for the integration of the LGCell system

• Coordinate with the service provider for frequency allocation

• Coordinate the installation of any required AC power, power systems, or power equipment

Manage Installation of System

• Establish and distribute Installation Schedule

• Confirm cable installation if provided by third-party company

• Confirm antenna locations and selection

• Obtain approval of the Installation Plan from primary participants and the end-user

• Conduct pre-installation inspection

• Coordinate installation of the LGCell equipment

• Coordinate installation of antennas

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-3

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Managing and Planning an LGCell Project

Manage System Commissioning

• Coordinate system test

• Coordinate RF signal and coverage tests

• Coordinate complete RF system test with required participants

Manage System Acceptance

• Coordinate final inspection with required participants

• Prepare System Acceptance Document

• Issue System Acceptance Document

• Prepare As-Built Documents

6-4 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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6.2 Planning an LGCell Installation

Preliminary Planning

• Complete a preliminary system design for current requirements

Compile all of the pertinent information to determine a preliminary system design.

• Determine design requirements

Consult with the end user, the service provider, and the equipment vendors to determine system requirements.

• Analyze floor plans

Review the building floor plans to determine approximate antenna locations and possible locations of equipment rooms. Also, where possible on the floor plans, check for various types of construction materials and installation restrictions.

Preliminary System Design

• Compute equipment requirements for current traffic rates

Base this on the voice channels required and equipment parameters of the base station specified for the system (requires input from service provider RF Engineer).

Planning an LGCell Installation

• Compute equipment requirements for expansion to future traffic rates

Base this on customer requirements and equipment parameters of the base station specified for the system.

• Make recommendations for a system design for future traffic requirements

Provide a possible migration plan to achieve future capacity and coverage requirements, perhaps including provisions for additional equipment and/or sectorization of the existing cells.

Site Survey

• Conduct on-site RF site evaluation

Conduct in-building signal level tests after the preliminary design is completed. Using a test transmitter, introduce an RF signal at the approximate antenna locations and record the signal levels on a copy of the floor plan.

Conduct a physical review of the building to determine types of construction materials in the floors and walls, and amount of “clutter” in the building. (Clutter is anything that can block or reduce the RF signal coverage.) These will help determine the expected coverage area; the in-building signal loss due to walls, furniture, equipment, people, etc.; and the proposed equipment locations and cabling requirements.

Identify AC power requirements and extra equipment (cabinets, cable trays, cable racks, etc.)

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-5

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Managing and Planning an LGCell Project

Frequency Planning

• Coordinate frequency planning with local carriers

Discuss with the local carrier the channel requirements for the system.

Final System Design

• Complete final design

Generate a final design based on preliminary design, results of RF tests, discussions with all appropriate parties involved in the project, and the site evaluation.

• Create final equipment list

Generate a final equipment requirement list based on the final system design.

• Design review

Discuss the final system design with all appropriate parties involved in the project.

• RF Survey Report

Generate an RF Survey Report documenting all design information that you gathered.

• Traffic analysis of current requirements

Determine capabilities in terms of current and future capacity, coverage, and quality of service.

6-6 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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Planning an LGCell Installation

6.2.1 Site Survey Questionnaire

Site Survey Questionnaire

2540 Junction Avenue | San Jose, CA 95134 | TEL 408-952-2400 | FAX 408-952-2410

Project Information End-User Information

Project Name: End-User:

Purchaser Address: Site Address:

Company Name: Contact:

Contact: Phone:

Phone: E-mail:

E-mail:

Type of System Enhancement

 Coverage  Capacity (BTS)  Wireless Office Model No:

Building Information

Are floor plans available (including map scale?)  Yes  No

Is outdoor coverage required?  Yes  No

Select the Downlink Power, Frequency, Protocol, and Band to Operate Under

Downlink Power at Mobile (dBm): Select One  –65  –70  –75  –80  –85 (default)  –90  –95

Frequencies (MHz): Select all that apply  800  900 GSM  900 EGSM  1800  1900

Protocol:  GSM  TDMA  CDMA  SMR/iDEN  AMPS

Additional Questions

Are exposed antennas tolerated inside?  Ye s  No  Unsure

Are exposed antennas tolerated outside?  Ye s  No  Unsure

Are locations above ceiling/closets available for mounting equipment?  Ye s  No  Unsure

Have available mounting locations been identified? (please identify on floor plans)  Yes  No  Unsure

Are 19" equipment racks available?  Ye s  No  Unsure

Is AC power available at the Main and Expansion Hubs?  Yes  No  Unsure

Are multimode fiber optic cables available?  Ye s  No  Unsure

If on a campus, are single-mode fiber optic cables available?  Ye s  No  Unsure

Are Cat-5 UTP/STP runs available?  Yes  No  Unsure

If cabling is not available, will customer mandate a subcontractor? If yes, provide details in “Comments” section below.

Is a bi-directional amplifier (repeater) needed?  Ye s  No  Unsure

Comments: (special installation requirements, subcontractors, coverage areas, contacts, etc.)

BTS Information

Manufacturer:

No. of Carriers:

No. of Subscribers:

BHCR?  Yes  No

Erlangs/Sub:

Select One

 Ye s  No  Unsure

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-7

620004-0 Rev. E

Managing and Planning an LGCell Project

6.3 Installation Checklist

Following is an installation checklist.

Tab le 6-2 Installation Checklist



Item Comments

Floor Plans Detailed floor plans of the project site, suitable for the installation of LGCell

equipment and cable. Equipment locations clearly marked on the plans

RF Site Survey RF signal readings and antenna orientation details from the RF Site Survey,

unless provided by LGC Wireless

Equipment Enclosures/Structures Any enclosures or structures required for the LGCell equipment, i.e., roof-top

structure, unless provided by LGC Wireless

Equipment Racks Procurement and installation of equipment racks, unless provided by LGC

Wireless

Microcellular Base Station Base station installed prior to LGCell equipment installation

Roof-top Antenna/Repeater Roof-top antenna and repeater installed prior to LGCell equipment installation

Cat-5 cabling TIA/EIA 568-A approved; RJ-45 connectors; Absolute Minimum: 10 meters

(33 ft), Recommended Minimum: 20 meters (66 ft), Maximum: 50 meters (165 ft); Expansion Hubs to RAUs; installed, inspected, tested

Shielded Cat-5 cable (STP) should be used for neutral host systems

MMF 62.5µm/125µm; ST male connectors; up to 1 km (3300 ft); Main Hub to

Expansion Hubs; maximum 3 dB optical loss, including connectors, splices, etc.; installed, inspected, tested

Coaxial cabling Coax approved; N-type male connectors; repeater or base station to Main Hub;

installed, inspected, tested

Coaxial cabling Coax approved; N-type male connector; RAU to passive antenna; installed,

inspected, tested

Power 110/220V AC power available at hub locations

Equipment on-hand and ready for installation:

LGCell Main Hub(s)

LGCell Expansion Hub(s) 4 per Main Hub

Remote Access Unit(s) 4 per Expansion Hub

Passive Antenna(s) Omni or directional; based on RF design

UPS/Battery If required by customer

Power combiner/divider Required if cascading multiple Main Hubs. N-male to N-male coaxial cables

used to connect power combiner/repeater to Main Hub and base station or repeater.

6-8 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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System Optimization and Commissioning

6.4 System Optimization and Commissioning

After the RF Site Survey is completed and the system is installed, perform the following tasks.

Check Installation

• Check installation of the Main Hubs, Expansion Hubs, Remote Access Units, splitters/combiners, antennas, etc.

• Confirm all cable connections

• Confirm working condition of LGCell equipment

• Confirm that equipment quantities and equipment locations are documented

• Confirm that all equipment and cables are identified and marked with ID number

Check Cabling

• Review test results of Cat-5 cable (UTP/STP) (conduct cable test if testing has not already been completed; the results are needed for the As-Built Document)

• Review test results of coaxial cables; at base station to Main Hub and RAU to antenna

• Confirm and document actual link budget in coaxial cables

Check Optical Loss and Power Levels

• Confirm and document downlink power level out of base station

• Confirm and document downlink power level into Main Hub

• Confirm and document uplink power level out of Main Hub

• Check and document optical loss from Main Hub to Expansion Hub

Verify Coverage

• Conduct floor-by-floor system walk-through, confirming RSSI in all locations of the coverage area. Document RF signal level readings from all locations onto floor plan drawings.

• Confirm outside signal levels where required

• Measure RF signal out of equipment, if required

Check Signal Quality

• Check for neighbor channels/frequencies

• Confirm adjacent channel/frequency signal strength

• Check all call quality requirements of the carrier

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620004-0 Rev. E

Managing and Planning an LGCell Project

Prepare As-Built Document

Prepare the final As-Built Document to include the following:

• Title Page

• Site Address

• Contact List

• Table of Contents

• Introduction

• Equipment Locations

• Wiring Configuration and Specifications

– Description of system installation including equipment used, unusual appli-

cations or obstacles, etc.

– Descriptions or diagrams of equipment locations within the facility

– Descriptions and tables of MMF and Cat-5 measurements; including Expan-

sion Hub ID numbers, RF signal level readings throughout coverage area, number of RAUs attached, results of the Cat-5 compliance tests, unusual or marginal applications, etc.

• Base Station Settings

– Number of channels and sectors, transceiver setting, etc.

– RF power into Main Hub

– Amount of attenuation used

• Coverage Performance

– Description of test method and outcome

• Summary

– Include outstanding issues, future plans, and future considerations

• As-Built Floor Plans

6-10 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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SECTION 7 Designing an LGCell Solution

Designing an LGCell solution is ultimately a matter of determining coverage and capacity needs. This requires the following steps:

1. Determine the wireless service provider’s requirements.

This information is usually supplied by the service provider:

• Frequency (i.e., 850 MHz)

• Band (i.e., “A” band in the Cellular spectrum)

• Protocol (i.e., TDMA, CDMA, GSM, iDEN)

• Peak capacity requirement (this, and whether or not the building will be split into sectors, determines the number of carriers that the LGCell will have to transmit)

• Design goal (RSSI, received signal strength at the wireless handset, i.e., –85 dBm)

The design goal is always a stronger signal than the cell phone needs. It includes inherent factors which will affect performance (see Section 7.4.1 on page 7-29).

• RF source (base station or BDA), type of equipment if possible

2. Determine the power per carrier and input power from the base station or

BDA into the Main Hub: Section 7.1, “Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU,” on page 7-3.

The maximum power per carrier is a function of the number of RF carriers, the carrier headroom requirement, signal quality issues, regulatory emissions requirements, and the LGCell’s RF performance. The power per carrier decreases as the number of carriers increases.

3. Determine the in-building environment: Section 7.2, “Estimating RF Cover-

age,” on page 7-15.

• Determine which areas of the building require coverage (entire building, public areas, parking levels, etc.)

PN 8100-40 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 7-1

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Designing an LGCell Solution

• Obtain floor plans to determine floor space of building and the wall layout of the proposed areas to be covered. Floor plans will also be useful when you are selecting antenna locations.

• If possible, determine the building’s construction materials (sheetrock, metal, concrete, etc.)

• Determine type of environment

– Open layout (e.g., a convention center)

– Dense, close walls (e.g., a hospital)

– Mixed use (e.g., an office building with hard wall offices and cubicles)

4. Develop an RF link budget: Section 7.4, “Link Budget Analysis,” on page

7-28.

Knowing the power per carrier, you can calculate an RF link budget which is used to predict how much propagation loss can be allowed in the system, while still providing satisfactory performance throughout the area being covered. The link budget is a methodical way to derive a “design goal”. If the design goal is provided in advance, the link budget is simply: allowable RF loss = max. power per

carrier – design goal.

5. Determine the appropriate estimated path loss slope that corresponds to the

type of building and its layout, and estimate the coverage distance for each RAU: Section 7.2, “Estimating RF Coverage,” on page 7-15.

The path loss slope (PLS), which gives a value to the RF propagation characteristics within the building, is used to convert the RF link budget into an estimate of the coverage distance per antenna. This will help establish the LGCell equipment quantities you will need. The actual path loss slope that corresponds to the specific RF environment inside the building can also be determined empirically by performing an RF site-survey of the building. This involves transmitting a calibrated tone for a fixed antenna and making measurements with a mobile antenna throughout the area surrounding the transmitter.

6. Determine the items required to connect to the base station: Section 7.5,

“Connecting a Main Hub to a Base Station,” on page 7-41.

Once you know the quantities of LGCell equipment you will use, you can determine the accessories (combiners/dividers, surge suppressors, repeaters, attenuators, circulators, etc.) that are required to connect the system to the base station.

The individual elements that must be considered in designing an LGCell solution are discussed in the following sections.

7-2 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU

7.1 Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU

The following tables show the recommended maximum power per carrier out of the RAU SMA connector for different frequencies, formats, and numbers of carriers. These limits are dictated by RF signal quality and regulatory emissions issues. The maximum input power to the Main Hub is determined by subtracting the system gain from the maximum output power of the RAU. For most systems the gain is 0 dB. Exceptions are the duplex port for the Cellular LGCell (30 dB gain) and the duplex port of the PCS LGCell (40 dB gain).

Therefore, when you connect a Main Hub to a base station or repeater, the RF power per carrier usually needs to be attenuated in order to avoid exceeding the LGCell’s maximum composite output power.

Refer to Section 7.6, “Designing for a Neutral Host System,” on page 7-45 when combining frequencies or protocols on a single Main Hub.

WARNING: Exceeding the maximum input power could cause permanent damage to the Main Hub.

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620004-0 Rev. E

Designing an LGCell Solution

Tab le 7-1 800 MHz Cellular Power per Carrier

TDMA AMPS CDMA

No. of

Carriers

Recommended

Maximum

Output PPC

at RAU (dBm)

No. of

Carriers

Recommended

Maximum

Output PPC

at RAU (dBm)

No. of

Carriers

Recommended

Maximum

Output PPC

at RAU (dBm)

1 17.0 1 20.0 1 10.0

212.0 2 14.0 2 7.5

39.0 3 10.5 3 6.0

4 7.0 4 7.5 4 5.0

5 5.5 5 6.0 5 4.0

6 4.5 6 4.5 6 3.5

7 3.5 7 3.5 7 2.5

8 2.5 8 2.5 8 2.0

9 2.0 9 2.0

10 1.5 10 1.0

11 1.0 11 1.0

12 0.5 12 0.5

13 0.5 13 0.0

14 0.0 14 –0.5

15 –0.5 15 –0.5

16 –0.5 16 –1.0

20 –1.5 20 –2.0

30 –3.5 30 –4.0

Note: These specifications are for downlink power at the RAU output (excluding antenna) for single-protocol applications.

WARNING: For 800 MHz Cellular, do not exceed the maximum composite input power of 126mW (+21 dBm) to the Main Hub’s simplex ports, or 126µW (–9 dBm) to its duplex port at any time.

7-4 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU

Tab le 7-2 800 MHz iDEN/CDMA Power per Carrier

iDEN CDMA

No. of

Carriers

Recommended

Maximum

Output PPC

at RAU (dBm)

No. of

Carriers

Recommended

Maximum

Output PPC

at RAU (dBm)

110.0 1 9.0

2 7.0 2 6.5

3 4.5 3 5.0

4 3.0 4 4.0

5 2.0 5 3.0

6 1.0 6 2.5

7 0.0 7 1.5

8–0.5 8 1.0

9–1.0

10 –1.5

11 –2.0

12 –2.5

13 –3.0

14 –3.0

15 –3.5

16 –4.0

20 –5.0

30 –6.5

Note: These specifications are for downlink power at the RAU output (excluding antenna) for sin-

gle-protocol applications.

WARNING: For 800 MHz iDEN/CDMA, do not exceed the maximum composite input power of 126mW (+21 dBm) to the Main Hub’s duplex and/or simplex ports at any time.

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 7-5

620004-0 Rev. E

Designing an LGCell Solution

Tab le 7-3 900 MHz GSM or EGSM Power per Carrier

The 900 MHz LGCell systems also are approved for use with paging and two-way messaging in the U.S. and Canada.

No. of

Carriers

Output PPC

at RAU (dBm)

18.0

24.0

32.0

41.0

50.0

6 –1.0

7 –1.5

8 –2.0

9 –2.5

10 –2.5

11 –3.0

12 –3.5

13 –3.5

14 –4.0

15 –4.0

16 –4.5

Note: These specifications are for downlink power at the RAU output (excluding antenna).

Maximum

WARNING: For 900 MHz GSM or EGSM, do not exceed the maxi-

mum composite input power of 126mW (+21 dBm) to the Main Hub’s duplex and/or simplex ports at any time.

7-6 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU

Tab le 7-4 1800 MHz DCS (GSM) Power per Carrier

Maximum

No. of

Carriers

Output PPC

at RAU (dBm)

18.0

25.5

33.5

42.0

51.0

60.5

70.0

8–0.5

9–1.0

10 –1.5

11 –1.5

12 –2.0

13 –2.5

14 –2.5

15 –3.0

16 –3.0

Note: These specifications are for downlink power at the RAU output (excluding antenna).

WARNING: For 1800 MHz DCS (GSM), do not exceed the maximum composite input power of 126mW (+21 dBm) to the Main Hub’s duplex and/or simplex ports at any time.

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 7-7

620004-0 Rev. E

Designing an LGCell Solution

Tab le 7-5 1800 MHz CDMA (Korea) Power per Carrier

Recommended

Maximum

Output PPC

No. of

Carriers

at RAU

(dBm)

18.0

25.5

34.0

43.0

52.0

61.5

70.5

80.0

WARNING: For 1800 MHz CDMA (Korea), do not exceed the maximum composite input power of 126mW (+21 dBm) to the Main Hub’s duplex and/or simplex ports at any time.

7-8 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU

Tab le 7-6 1900 MHz PCS Power per Carrier

TDMA GSM EDGE CDMA

No. of

Carriers

Recommended

Maximum

Output PPC

at RAU (dBm)

No. of

Carriers

Recommended

Maximum

Output PPC

at RAU (dBm)

No. of

Carriers

Recommended

Maximum

Output PPC

at RAU (dBm)

No. of

Carriers

Recommended

1 17.0 1 20.0 1 17.0 1 10.0

2 12.0 2 8.0 2 8.0 2 7.5

3 9.0 3 6.0 3 6.0 3 6.0

4 7.0 4 5.0 4 5.0 4 5.0

5 5.5 5 4.0 5 4.0 5 4.0

6 4.5 6 3.0 6 3.0 6 3.5

7 3.5 7 2.5 7 2.5 7 2.5

8 2.5 8 2.0 8 2.0 8 2.0

9 2.0 9 1.5 9 1.5

10 1.5 10 1.5 10 1.0

11 1.0 11 1.0 11 0.5

12 0.5 12 0.5 12 0.0

13 0.5 13 0.5 13 0.0

14 0.0 14 0.0 14 –0.5

15 –0.5 15 0.0 15 –1.0

16 –0.5 16 –0.5 16 –1.0

20 –1.5

30 –3.5

Note: These specifications are for downlink power at the RAU output (excluding antenna) for single-protocol applications.

Maximum

Output PPC

at RAU (dBm)

WARNING: For 1900 MHz PCS, do not exceed the maximum compos-

ite input power of 126mW (+21 dBm) to the Main Hub’s simplex ports, or 12.6µW (–19 dBm) to its duplex port at any time.

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620004-0 Rev. E

Designing an LGCell Solution

Tab le 7-7 800 MHz CDMA and 900 MHz GSM Power per Carrier

Recommended Maximum Output Power per

No. of

Carriers

800 MHz CDMA

(Lower Band)

Carrier at RAU (dBm)

900 MHz GSM

(Upper Band)

18.5 6.5

26.0 2.5

34.5 0.5

4 3.5 –0.5

5 2.5 –1.5

6 2.0 –2.5

7 1.0 –3.0

8 0.5 –3.5

9–4.0

10 –4.0

11 –4.5

12 –5.0

13 –5.0

14 –5.5

15 –5.5

16 –5.5

Note: These specifications are for downlink power at the RAU output (excluding

antenna) for single-protocol applications.

WARNING: For 800 MHz CDMA or 900 MHz GSM, do not exceed the maximum composite input power of 126mW (+21 dBm) to the Main Hub’s simplex ports, or 126µW (–9 dBm) to its duplex port at any time.

7-10 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU

Tab le 7-8 800 MHz Cellular and 1900 MHz PCS Power per Carrier

Recommended Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU (dBm)

No. of

Carriers

800 MHz

(Lower Band)

TDMA AMPS CDMA TDMA GSM EDGE CDMA

1900 MHz

(Upper Band)

1 16.0 19.0 9.0 15.5 18.5 15.5 8.5

2 11.0 13.0 6.5 10.5 7.0 7.0 6.0

3 8.0 9.5 5.0 7.5 5.0 5.0 4.5

4 6.0 6.5 4.0 5.5 4.0 4.0 3.5

5 4.5 5.0 3.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 2.5

6 3.5 3.5 2.5 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

7 2.5 2.5 1.5 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.0

8 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5

9 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.0

10 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 –0.5

11 0.0 0.0 –0.5 0.0 –1.0

12 –0.5 –0.5 –1.0 –0.5 –1.5

13 –0.5 –1.0 –1.0 –1.0 –1.5

14 –1.0 –1.5 –1.5 –1.0 –2.0

15 –1.5 –1.5 –2.0 –1.5 –2.5

16 –1.5 –2.0 –2.0 –2.0 –2.5

20 –2.5 –3.0 –3.0

30 –4.5 –5.0 –5.0

Note: These specifications are for downlink power at the RAU output (excluding antenna).

WARNING: For 800 MHz Cellular or 1900 MHz PCS, do not exceed the maximum composite input power of 126mW (+21 dBm) to the Main Hub’s simplex ports, or 126µW (–9 dBm) to its duplex port at any time.

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Designing an LGCell Solution

Tab le 7-9 900 MHz GSM or EGSM and 1800 MHz GSM Power per Carrier

Maximum Output Power per

Carrier at RAU (dBm)

No. of

Carriers

900 MHz

(Lower Band)

1800 MHz

(Upper Band)

18.0 8.0

23.5 4.5

31.5 2.5

40.5 1.0

5–0.5 0.0

6–1.5 –0.5

7–2.0 –1.0

8–2.5 –1.5

9–3.0 –2.0

10 –3.0 –2.5

11 –3.5 –2.5

12 –4.0 –3.0

13 –4.0 –3.5

14 –4.5 –3.5

15 –4.5 –4.0

16 –5.0 –4.0

WARNING: For 900 MHz GSM or EGSM and 1800 MHz GSM, do not exceed the maximum composite input power of 126mW (+21 dBm) to the Main Hub’s duplex and/or simplex ports at any time.

7-12 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU

Tab le 7-1 0 1800/1800 MHz GSM Power per Carrier

Maximum

Output PPC

No. of

Carriers

at RAU

(dBm)

18.0

22.5

30.5

4–0.5

5–1.5

6–2.5

7–3.0

8–3.5

9–3.5

10 –4.0

11 –4.5

12 –5.0

13 –5.5

14 –5.5

15 –6.0

16 –6.5

WARNING: For 1800 MHz GSM, do not exceed the maximum composite input power of 126mW (+21 dBm) to the Main Hub’s duplex and/or simplex ports at any time.

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 7-13

620004-0 Rev. E

Designing an LGCell Solution

Allowing for Future Capacity Growth

Sometimes an LGCell deployment initially is used to enhance coverage. Later that same system may also need to provide increased capacity. Thus, the initial deployment might only transmit two carriers but need to transmit four carriers later. There are two options for dealing with this scenario:

1. Design the initial coverage with a maximum power per carrier for four carriers.

2. Design the initial coverage for two carriers but leave Expansion Hub ports

unused. These ports can be used later if coverage holes are discovered once the power per carrier is lowered to accommodate the two additional carriers.

7-14 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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7.2 Estimating RF Coverage

The maximum power per carrier (based on the number and type of RF carriers that are being transmitted) and the minimum acceptable received power at the wireless device (i.e., RSSI, the design goal) establish the RF link budget, and consequently the path loss between the antenna and the wireless device.

Figure 7-1 Determining Path Loss between the Antenna and the Wireless Device

Antenna and Gain (G)

RAU

P = power per carrier from the RAU

Estimating RF Coverage

RSSI = power at the wireless device

(P + G) – RSSI = PL (1)

The path loss (PL) is the loss in decibels (dB) between the antenna and the wireless device. The distance, d, from the antenna corresponding to this path loss can be calculated using the path loss equation in Section 7.2.1 or in Section 7.2.3.

The losses due to the coaxial cable that connects the RAU to the antenna are not included in this equation because, typically, the cable is short and the losses are modest. However, if further precision is desired, you can use the coaxial cable losses listed in the following table.

Tab le 7-11 Coaxial Cable Losses

Length of Cable

0.9 m (3 ft) 0.6 0.8

1.8 m (6 ft) 1.0 1.5

3.0 m (10 ft) 1.5 2.3

Loss at 800 MHz (dB)

Loss at 1900 MHz (dB)

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Designing an LGCell Solution

7.2.1 Path Loss Equation

Indoor path loss obeys the distance power law* in equation (2):

PL = 20log(4πd

f/c) + 10nlog(d/d

) + Χ

(2)

where:

• PL is the path loss at a distance, d, from the antenna (the distance between the antenna that is connected to the RAU and the point where the RF signal decreases to the minimum acceptable level at the wireless device).

•d

is taken as 1 meter of free-space.

• f is the operating frequency in hertz.

• c is the speed of light in a vacuum (3.0 × 10

m/sec).

• n is the path loss exponent and depends on the building “clutter”.

is a normal random variable that depends on partition losses inside the build-

•

ing, and therefore, depends on the frequency of operation.

As a reference, the following table gives estimates of signal loss for some RF barriers.*

Tab le 7-1 2 Average Signal Loss of Common Building Materials

Loss (dB)

Partition Type

Metal wall 26 815

Aluminum siding 20 815

Foil insulation 4 815

Cubicle walls 1.4 900

Concrete block wall 13 1300

Concrete floor 10 1300

Sheetrock 1 to 2 1300

Light machinery 3 1300

General machinery 7 1300

Heavy machinery 11 1300

Equipment racks 7 1300

Assembly line 6 1300

Ceiling duct 5 1300

Metal stairs 5 1300

@ <2 GHz Frequency (MHz)

*Rappaport, Theodore S. Wireless Communications, Principles, and Practice. Prentice Hall PTR, 1996.

7-16 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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7.2.2 Path Loss Slope

Table 7-13 shows estimated path loss slope (PLS) for various environments that have different “clutter” (i.e., objects that attenuate the RF signals, such as walls, partitions, stairwells, equipment racks, etc.)

Tab le 7-1 3 Estimated Path Loss Slope for Different In-Building Environments

Estimating RF Coverage

Facility

PLS for 800/900 MHz

PLS for 1800/1900 MHz

Manufacturing 35 32

Hospital 39.4 38.1

Airport 35 32

Retail 36.1 33.1

Warehouse 35 32

Parking Garage 33.7 30.1

Office: 80% cubicle/20% hard wall 36.1 33.1

Office: 50% cubicle/50% hard wall 37.6 34.8

Office: 20% cubicle/80% hard wall 39.4 38.1

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Designing an LGCell Solution

7.2.3 Coverage Distance

Equations (1) and (2), on pages 7-15 and 7-16, respectively, can be used to estimate the distance from the antenna to where the RF signal decreases to the minimum acceptable level at the wireless device.

Equation (2) can be simplified to:

PL = 20log(4πf/c) + PLSlogD (3)

where PLS is chosen to account for partition losses. Because different frequencies penetrate partitions with different losses, the value of PLS will vary depending on the frequency.

For simplicity, Equation (3) can be used to estimate the coverage distance of an antenna that is connected to an RAU, for a given path loss, frequency, and type of in-building environment.

Table 7-14 gives the value of the first term of Equation (3) (i.e., (20log(4πf/c)) for

various frequency bands.

Tab le 7-1 4 Frequency Bands and the Value of the first Term in Equation (3)

Band (MHz)

Mid-Band Frequency

(MHz) 20log(4πf/c)Uplink Downlink

800 Cellular

824–849 869–894 859 31.1

800 iDEN 806–824 851–869 837.5 30.9

900 GSM

890–915 935–960 925 31.8

900 E-GSM 880–915 925–960 920 31.7

1800 DCS 1710–1785 1805–1880 1795 37.5

1800 CDMA (Korea) 1750–1780 1840–1870 1810 37.6

1900 PCS 1850–1910 1930–1990 1920 38.1

a. The 800 MHz CDMA/900 MHz GSM dual-band LGCell supports the following bands:

800 MHz CDMA

Downlink: 870 to 880 MHz Uplink: 825 to 835 MHz Bandwidth: 10 MHz

900 MHz GSM:

Downlink: 954 to 960 MHz Uplink: 909 to 915 MHz Bandwidth: 6 MHz

These bands are narrower than those for the 800 MHz Cellular and 900 MHz GSM single-band LGCells. However, because the mid-band frequencies of the 800/900 dual-band LGCell bands are

almost identical to those for the single-band LGCells, the 20log(4 To simplify this table and those that follow, it is assumed that the first term in the equation (3) is the same for the 800 MHz Cellular and the 800 MHz CDMA systems; likewise for the 900 MHz GSM systems.

πf/c) terms also are almost identical.

7-18 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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Estimating RF Coverage

For reference, Tables 7-15 through 7-21 show the distance covered by an antenna for various in-building environments. The following assumptions were made:

• Path loss Equation (3)

• 0 dBm output per carrier at the RAU output

• 3 dBi antenna gain

• RSSI = –85 dBm (typical for narrowband protocols, but not for spread-spectrum protocols)

Tab le 7-1 5 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 800 MHz Cellular Applications

Distance from Antenna

Facility

Manufacturing 42 138

Hospital 28 91

Airport 42 138

Retail 38 123

Warehouse 42 138

Parking Garage 49 160

Office: 80% cubicle/20% hard wall 38 123

Office: 50% cubicle/50% hard wall 33 107

Office: 20% cubicle/80% hard wall 28 91

Tab le 7-1 6 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

Meters Feet

for 800 MHz iDEN Applications

Distance from Antenna

Facility

Manufacturing 43 140

Hospital 28 92

Airport 43 140

Retail 38 125

Warehouse 43 140

Parking Garage 49 162

Office: 80% cubicle/20% hard wall 38 125

Office: 50% cubicle/50% hard wall 33 108

Office: 20% cubicle/80% hard wall 28 92

Meters Feet

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Designing an LGCell Solution

Tab le 7-1 7 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 900 MHz GSM Applications

Distance from Antenna

Facility

Meters Feet

Manufacturing 40 133

Hospital 27 88

Airport 40 133

Retail 36 118

Warehouse 40 133

Parking Garage 47 153

Office: 80% cubicle/20% hard wall 36 118

Office: 50% cubicle/50% hard wall 31 103

Office: 20% cubicle/80% hard wall 27 88

Tab le 7-1 8 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 900 MHz EGSM Applications

Distance from Antenna

Facility

Manufacturing 41 133

Hospital 27 88

Airport 41 133

Retail 36 119

Warehouse 41 133

Parking Garage 47 153

Office: 80% cubicle/20% hard wall 36 119

Office: 50% cubicle/50% hard wall 31 103

Office: 20% cubicle/80% hard wall 27 88

Meters Feet

7-20 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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Tab le 7-1 9 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 1800 MHz DCS Applications

Distance from Antenna

Estimating RF Coverage

Facility

Meters Feet

Manufacturing 38 124

Hospital 21 69

Airport 38 124

Retail 33 110

Warehouse 38 124

Parking Garage 48 156

Office: 80% cubicle/20% hard wall 33 110

Office: 50% cubicle/50% hard wall 28 93

Office: 20% cubicle/80% hard wall 21 69

Tab le 7-2 0 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 1800 MHz CDMA (Korea) Applications

Distance from Antenna

Facility

Manufacturing 38 123

Hospital 21 69

Airport 38 123

Retail 33 109

Warehouse 38 123

Parking Garage 47 155

Office: 80% cubicle/20% hard wall 33 109

Office: 50% cubicle/50% hard wall 28 92

Office: 20% cubicle/80% hard wall 21 69

Meters Feet

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 7-21

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Designing an LGCell Solution

Tab le 7-2 1 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

for 1900 MHz PCS Applications

Distance from Antenna

Facility

Meters Feet

Manufacturing 36 119

Hospital 20 67

Airport 36 119

Retail 32 105

Warehouse 36 119

Parking Garage 45 149

Office: 80% cubicle/20% hard wall 32 105

Office: 50% cubicle/50% hard wall 27 89

Office: 20% cubicle/80% hard wall 20 67

7-22 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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7.2.4 Example Design Estimate

1. Design goals:

• Cellular (859 MHz = average of the lowest uplink and the highest downlink frequency in 800 MHz Cellular band)

• TDMA provider

• 6 TDMA carriers in the system

• –85 dBm design goal (to 95% of the building) — the minimum received power at the wireless device

• Base station with simplex RF connections

2. Power Per Carrier: The tables in Section 7.1, “Maximum Output Power per Car-

rier at RAU,” on page 7-3 provide maximum power per carrier information. The 800 MHz Cellular table (on page 7-4) indicates that the LGCell can support 6 carriers with a typical power per carrier of 4.5 dBm.

4.5 dBm per carrier would be the typical RF signal into the Main Hub’s

WARD

(downlink) port. If the duplex port is used, you must take into account the gain of the port (Table 7-22 on page 7-25) and adjust the input power accordingly. For example, the duplex port on the 800 MHz LGCell provides 30 dB gain. Therefore, the input power must be no greater than –25.5 dBm per carrier (4.5 dBm – 30 dBm). Similarly, the PCS LGCell has a duplex port gain of 40 dB. All other systems have 0 dB gain through all ports.

Estimating RF Coverage

FOR-

3. Building information:

• 8 floor building with 9,290 sq. meters (100,000 sq. ft.) per floor; total 74,322

sq. meters (800,000 sq. ft.)

• Walls are sheetrock construction; suspended ceiling tiles

• Antennas used will be omni-directional, ceiling mounted

• Standard office environment, 50% hard wall offices and 50% cubicles

4. Link Budget: In this example, a design goal of –85 dBm is used. Suppose 3 dBi

omni-directional antennas are used in the design. Then, the maximum RF propagation loss should be no more than 92.5 dB (4.5 dBm + 3 dBi + 85 dBm) over 95% of the area being covered. It is important to note that a design goal such as

–85 dBm is usually derived taking into account multipath fading and log-normal shadowing characteristics. Thus, this design goal will only be met “on average” over 95% of the area being covered. At any given point, a fade may bring the signal level underneath the design goal.

Note that this method of calculating a link budget is only for the downlink path. For information to calculate link budgets for both the downlink and uplink paths, see Section 7.4 on page 7-28.

5. Path Loss Slope: For a rough estimate, Table 7-13, “Estimated Path Loss Slope for

Different In-Building Environments” on page 7-17, shows that a building with 50% hard wall offices and 50% cubicles, at 859 MHz, has an approximate path loss slope (PLS) of 37.6. Given the RF link budget of 92.3 dB, the distance of coverage from each RAU will be 42 meters (138 ft). This corresponds to a coverage area of 5,641

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Designing an LGCell Solution

sq. meters (60,719 sq. ft.) per RAU (see Section 7.2.1 for details on path loss estimation). For this case we assumed a circular radiation pattern, though the actual area covered will depend upon the pattern of the antenna and the obstructions in the facility.

If the area to be covered is essentially an unobstructed hallway with some coverage for the offices on either side of the hallway, a more aggressive design using a lower PLS should be used.

6. Equipment Required: Since you know the building size, you can now estimate

the LGCell equipment quantities that will be needed. Before any RF levels are tested in the building, you can estimate that 2 antennas per level will be needed.

a. 2 antennas per floor × 8 floors = 16 RAUs b. 16 RAUs ÷ 4 (max 4 RAUs per Expansion Hub) = 4 Expansion Hubs c. 4 Expansion Hubs ÷ 4 (max 4 Expansion Hubs per Main Hub) = 1 Main Hub

Check that the MMF and Cat-5 cable distances are as recommended. If the distances differ, use the tables in Section 7.3, “System Gain,” on page 7-25 to determine system gains or losses. The path loss may need to be recalculated to assure adequate signal levels in the required coverage distance.

The above estimates assume that all cable length requirements are met. If Expansion Hubs cannot be placed so that the RAUs are within the distance requirement, additional Expansion Hubs may need to be placed closer to the required RAUs locations.

An RF Site Survey and Building Evaluation is required to accurately establish the LGCell equipment quantities required for the building. The site survey measures the RF losses within the building to determine the actual PLS, which will be used in the final path loss formula to determine the actual requirements of the LGCell.

7-24 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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7.3 System Gain

The following table shows a summary of the system gain when 1 km (3300 ft) of

62.5µm/125µm multimode fiber is used. The optical loss of 1 km (3300 ft) of MMF cable ranges from about 0.6 to 1.0 dB optical, depending on the type of cable (i.e., riser zip-cord, loose tube, slotted core, etc.).

Tab le 7-2 2 System Gain when using Duplex/Simplex Ports

System Gain

System Gain (dB)

LGCell Frequency and Format

800 MHz Cellular 30 0

800 MHz iDEN 0 0

900 MHz GSM, EGSM 0 0

1800 MHz GSM 0 0

1900 MHz PCS 40 0

Duplex Port Simplex Ports

NOTE: The maximum input power to the Main Hub is equal to the maximum output

power of the RAU minus the system gain. For example, for a Cellular system with 6 TDMA carriers, the maximum output power is 4.5 dBm per carrier. If the duplex port is used, the maximum input power to the Main Hub should be no greater than –25.5 dBm per carrier.

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7.3.1 System Gain (Loss) Relative to MMF Cable Length

If the length of MMF cable is less than 1 km (3300 ft), the system gain will increase. If the cable length is between 1 km (3300 ft) and 2 km (6600 ft), the system gain will decrease as the cable length increases. Use the following formula for determining the nominal gain (or loss) of the LGCell. The length of the MMF cable is denoted by L:

gain (dB) = 3*(1 – )

MMF Cable Length System Gain (dB)

1 m / 3.3 ft +3

500 m / 1650 ft +1.5

1000 m / 3300 ft 0

1500 m / 4950 ft –1.5

2000 m / 6600 ft –3

MMF cable length greater than 2 km (6600 ft) is not rec-

ommended.

1000

The optical power budget between the Main Hub and Expansion Hub, both downlink and uplink, is 3 dB optical. If fiber distribution panels are used, confirm that the total optical loss of fiber cable, from the Main Hub through distribution panels and patch cords to the Expansion Hub, does not exceed 3 dB optical.

7-26 LGCell 4.0 Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 8100-40

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ADC DAS819A-4 Users Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual