Adaptec AHA-3980, AHA-3985, AHA-3980W, AHA-3985W User Manual

User’s Guide

AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W

PCI-to-SCSI MultiChannel RAID Adapters With SCSI

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AHA-3980/3980W/ 3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev. D Page: Front Cove r Print Spec Number : 493479-00 Current Date: 3/1/99 ECN Date: 3/19/96

Adaptec, Inc.

691 South Milpitas Boulevard Milpitas, CA 95035

are trademarks of

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Printed in Singapore

STOCK NO.: 510810-00, Rev. D RF 3/96

AHA-3980/3980W/ 3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev. D Page: Back Cover Print Spec Number : 493479-00 Current Date: 3/1/99 ECN Date: 3/19/96

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AHA-3980/3980W

/3985/3985W

PCI-to-SCSI MultiChannel RAID Adapters

with SCSI

User’s Guide

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AHA-3980/3980W/ 3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev. D Page: i Print Spec Number : 493479-00 Current Date: 3/1/99 ECN Date: 3/19/96

Copyright © 1996 Adaptec, Inc. All right s reserve d. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transm it te d in an y form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written consent of A d a pt ec, In c. , 691 South Milpitas Blvd., Mi lpi tas, CA 95035.

Trademarks

Adaptec, the Adaptec logo, AHA, MultiChannel, and SCSI Adaptec, Inc. which may be registered in some jurisdictions.

All other tradema rk s are ow ned by their respective owners.

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are trademarks of

Changes

The material in th is document is for information only and is subject to change without notice. While reasonable efforts have been made in the preparation of this document to assure its accuracy, Adaptec, Inc. assumes no liability resulting from errors or omissions in this document, or from the use of th e i nformation contained herein.

Adaptec reserves the right to make ch anges in the pr oduct desi gn without r eservatio n and without notification to its users.

Adaptec Technical Support and Services

If you have questions about installing or using the host adapter, check this installation guide first—you will find answers to most of your questions here. If you need further assistance, please contact us. We offer the following support and information services:

■

For technical sup p ort , for information abou t the Ad a ptec World Wide Web (WWW) and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Servers, the Adaptec forum on CompuServe, the Adaptec USA Bulletin Board Ser vi ce ( BBS) , and for access to the Interactive Fax system, call 800-959-SCSI (7274) or 408-945-2550, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. To speak with a product support representative, call 408-934-SCSI (7274), M–F: 6:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Paci fic Time; after these hours, on weekends, and on holidays, product support is also available for a fee at 800-416-8066.

– The Adaptec WWW and FTP Servers, a nd the Adaptec forum on Co mpuS er ve

provide product literature, answers to com m on ly asked questions, and information on software upgrades and other topics. The WWW and FTP Servers are available from the Internet 24 ho urs a day, 7 days a week, at

www.adaptec.com

CompuServe 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, type

– The Adaptec BBS provide s an swers to commonly asked questions and infor-

mation on software upgrades and other topics. The BBS is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, at 408-945-7727 ; 120 0/2400/9600/14,400/28, 800 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity.

– The Adaptec Interactive Fax system provides product literature, answers to

commonly aske d qu e stions, and cur rent informat ion about Adaptec products and services. The Adaptec Interactive Fax system is available 23 hours a day , 7 days a week. The Fax system is out of service 1 hour each day. You can call this service directly at 408-957-715 0.

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For sales information, cal l 800-959-SCSI (7274) or 408-945-2 550 , M–F: 6: 00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Pacific Time.

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To order Adaptec software and SCSI cables, call 800-442-SCSI (7274) or 408-957-SCSI (7274), M–F: 6:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Pacific Time.

ftp.adaptec.com

and

. To access the Adaptec forum on

GO ADAPTEC

http://

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To request additional documentation for A d apte c products, cal l 800 -934-2766 or 510-732-3829, M–F: 6:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Pacific Time.

FCC Compliance Statement

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in residential installations. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However , there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

If this equipment does cause interference to radio or televisi on equipment rec eption, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is enco uraged to try to co rrect the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna

• Move the equipment away from the receiver

• Plug the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is powered

• If necessary, the user should consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for additional suggestions

CAUTION: Only equipment certified to comply with Class B (computer input/output devices, terminals, printers, etc.) should be attached to this equipment, and must have shielded interface cables.

Finally, any changes or modifications to the equipment by the user not expressly approved by the grantee or manufacturer could void the user’s authority to operate such equipment.

Each host adapter is equipped with an FCC compliance label that shows only the FCC identification number. The full text of the associated label follows:

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

Canadian Compliance Statement

This Class B apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment Regulations.

Cet appareil numérique de la classe B respecte toutes les exigences du Règlement sur le matérial brouilleur du Canada.

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1 Getting Started

System Requirements 1-2 Using This Document 1-3 Conventions 1-4 Advisories 1-4

PART 1: Learning the Basics

2 Array Basic s

Array Types 2-1

RAID 0 (Striped Disks) 2-1 RAID 1, RAID 1/0 (Mirrored Disks) 2-2 RAID 5 2-2 RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT 2-3

Disk Requirements 2-3

Number of Disks in an Array 2-3 Mixing Disks from Different Manufacturers or with

Different Capacities 2-4

Mixing Disks on Different RAID Adapter Channels 2-4

3 Understanding the Adaptec RAID Software

Adaptec Initial Array Configuration Utility 3-1 The Administrator Utility 3-2 The Adaptec CI/O Software 3-2 The Copy Drivers Utility 3-3 DOS and NetWare Device Drivers 3-3

4 Understanding the AHA-398x Adapter

Multiple Independent Channels 4-1 Standard SCSI and SCSI-2 Features 4-2

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Synchronous and Asynchronous Data Transfers 4-2 The SCSI NetWare and DOS Support 4-3 Upgrading Your AHA-3980/3985 Adapter 4-3 Supported SCSI Devices 4-4

Select

Configuration Utility 4-3

Devices Supported under NetWare 4-4 Devices Supported under MS-DOS 4-4

PART 2: Setting Up Arrays

5 Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives

AHA-398x Layout 5-2 Installing the AHA-398x in a P CI Slot 5-3 Connecting SCSI Devices 5-5

Choosing SCSI Cables 5-7 Connecting Internal SCSI Devices 5-7 Connecting External SCSI Devices 5-10

Terminating the SCSI Bus 5-12

Terminating Channels B and C 5-13

Terminating Channel A 5-14 Setting SCSI IDs and Preparing a Boot Device 5-15 Connecting the SCSI Bus Activity Light 5-16 Installing Multiple Ad apters 5-17 Sharing SCSI Devices with a Second Computer 5-18 Completing AHA-398x Installation 5-20

6 Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers

Getting Ready to Prepare a Boot Device 6-1 Creating an Array with the Initial Array Configuration

Utility 6-3 Formatting and Partitioning the Array or Drive 6-7 Copying Drivers 6-8 Installing NetWare on a New Server 6-9

NetWare 3.11 6-9 NetWare 3.12 6-9

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NetWare 4.xx 6-1 1

Other Initial Array Configuration Utility Options 6-14

Displaying Array Information 6-14 Deleting an Array 6-15 Replacing an Array Drive 6-16 Initializing an Array 6-16

PART 3: Managing Arrays

7 Understanding the Administrator Utility

Starting the Administrator Utility 7-2 Exiting the Administrato r Utility 7-2 The Main and System Menus 7-3

Main Menu 7-3

System Menu 7-5 Selecting Menu Options 7-5 Grayed Menu Options 7-6 Getting Help 7-6

Contents

8 Monitorin g A rray Performance

Obtaining Array Information 8-1

Displaying Overview Information 8-2

Displaying Performance Statis tics 8-3

Displaying Volume Informatio n 8-4

Changing the Data Sampling Rate 8-4

Resetting the Temporary Statistics to Zero 8-4

Saving the Statistics in the Log File 8-5 Determining Who Receives Messages 8-5 Setting the Repeat Interval for Error Messages 8-7 The Log File 8-8

9 Managing Arrays

Verifying Arrays 9-1

Assigning a Priorit y 9-2

Verifying an Array Immediately 9-2

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Verifying an Array at a Scheduled Time 9-3 Canceling a Verification 9-3

Changing the Priority of a Verification in Progress 9-4 Testing Spare Disks 9-4 Reconstructing Data on a Replacement Disk 9-4

Reconstructing the Data Immediately 9-5

Reconstructing the Data at a Scheduled Time 9-6

Canceling Reconstruction 9-6

Changing the Priority for Reconstructing Data 9-6 Reactivating an Off-line Array 9-7 Scheduling Tasks 9-7

Scheduling a Task 9-7

Changing the Schedule 9-9

Deleting a Scheduled Task 9-9 Using the Hardware Functions 9-9

Identifying the Allocation of Host Adapter Drives 9-9

Locating a Drive 9-10

Pausing Host Adapter Activity Wh en Replacing

Disks 9-11

10 Changing Array Configu rations

Adding an Array 10-1 Modifying an Array 10-5

Changing the RAID Level 10-5

Selecting Different Disks for the Array 10-6

Adding a Spare Disk 10-6

Deleting a Spare Disk 10-7 Converting between RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT 10-7

Canceling a Conversion 10-9

Changing the Priority of a Conversion in Progress 10-9 Deleting Arrays and Deinstalling NLM s 10-10

Deleting an Array 10-10

Deinstalling NLMs 10-10 Installing the Array Utilities in th e s ys:system

Directory 10-11

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11 Initi alizing Arrays

Choosing the Initialization Method 11-1 Choosing the Data Block Size 11-2 Reinitializing an Array 11-2

12 Working from a Remote Workstation

Standard Adaptec CI/O Features 12-1 Adaptec CI/O Features When Working with the

Administrator Utility 12- 2

Enabling a Remote Workstatio n to Receive Administrator

Utility Data 12-3

Remotely Accessing the Adminis trator Utility 12-4

PART 4: Advanced Hardware Topics

Contents

13 Configuring the Adapter with SCSI

Default AHA-398x Settings 13-1 Basic Channel Settings 13-2

Host Adapter (Channel) SCSI ID 13-2 SCSI Parity Checking 13-3 Host Adapter SCSI Termination 13-3

Individual Settings for Each SCSI Device 13-3

Initiate Sync Negotiation 13-3 Maximum Sync Transfer Rate 13-4 Enable Disconnection 13-4 Send Start Unit Command 13-5 Include in BIOS Scan 13-5 Initiate Wide Negotiation (AHA-3980W/3985W

only) 13-5

Select

SCSI

Changing the AHA-398x Settings 13-7 Listing SCSI IDs 13-11

Basics 13-6 Starting SCSI Using SCSI Exiting SCSI

Select

Menus 13-7

Select

13-7

13-6

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Formatting a SCSI Disk 13-11 Verifying a Disk 13-12

14 Using a CD-ROM Drive

Using a CD-ROM Drive under DOS 14-1 Using a CD-ROM Drive under NetWare 14-5

A Hardware Troublesho otin g

Troubleshooting Checklist A-1 Startup Diagnostics A-2 BIOS Startup Messages A-3 aha3980.dsk Error Messages A-6 Disk Drive Configuration Problem s A-7

Booting the Computer from a SCSI Drive A-8 Using a Standard Drive as C and a SCSI Drive as D A-8 Using SCSI Drives as C and D A-9 Computer Hangs, or Channel Cannot Always Find the

Drives A-9

B Software Error Messages C Glossary of RAID Software

NetWare Drivers C-1 NetWare Loadable Modules C-2 Other Files C-4

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Getting Started

User’s Guide

This AHA-398x family of MultiChannel PCI-to-SCSI RAID adapters, which are designed to provide powerful disk array support in NetWare nect) bus. Each AHA-398x adapter has either two or three SCSI

nels

bus. You can easily configure the adapter to boot the server from a single SCSI disk drive or from an array.

There are four adapter models in the AHA-398x family:



; each channel has the equivalent functionality of a separate SCSI

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The AHA-3980 adapter has two Fast SCSI channels and supports up to 14 SCSI devices

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The AHA-3980W adapter has two Fast and Wi de SCSI channels and supports up to 30 SCSI devices

explains how to install and use the Adaptec

servers that have a PCI (Peripheral Component Intercon-

chan-

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The AHA-3985 adapter has three Fast SCSI channels and supports up to 21 SCSI devices

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The AHA-3985W adapter has three Fast and Wide SCSI channels and supports up to 45 SCSI devices

AHA-398x adapters include software that helps you configure and use arrays and other devices connected to the adapter. You use the DOS-based Adaptec Initial Array Conf iguration Utility to prepare an initial array and to make it bootable. You use the Copy Drivers Utility to set up drivers for NetWare and for CD-ROM drives. You use the console-based Administrator Utility, which runs under NetWare, to add, delete, reconfigure, and manage arrays on an ongoing basis.

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

The CI/O software allows you to monitor and manage the network from remote workstations .

System Requirements

The AHA-398x RAID adapter and so ftware must be ins talled o n a NetWare server that has the following system resources:

Hardware/Firmware

■

An 80486DX or Pentium computer that complies with PCI Rev. 2.0

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A motherboard BIOS that supports PCI-to-PCI bridges, a 64-KByte BIOS, and multiple interrupts

If you are not sure which features the BIOS supports, contact your vendor, or call Adaptec’s Interactive Fax Service for a list of compatible motherboards. See

Services

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An available full-length PCI slot that supports bus mastering

on page ii.

and PCI Int B

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A 3.5-inch 1.44-MByte primary (boot) floppy disk drive

Adaptec Technical Support and

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A minimum of two SCSI disks for a RAID 0 or mirrored array; a minimum of three SCSI disks for a RAID0 CVT, RAID 5, or RAID 5 CVT array (see

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Two MBytes of hard disk space for the Adaptec RAID software

Software

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NetWare 386, version 3.11, 3.12, or 4.xx

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NetWare CLIB 3.12 or higher

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MS DOS 5.0 or above (MS-DOS 6.0 or above recommended)

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Adaptec Initial Array Configuration Utility

The

3985 Drivers and RAID Utilities

Number of Disks in an Array

and

diskettes, which are included

on page 2-3)

AHA-3980/

with the AHA-398x

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To run CD-ROM drives under MS-DOS 5.0: The Microsoft CD-ROM extension,

mscdex.exe

, which is included with MS-DOS 6.0 or above. (This file is also available on Microsoft’s electronic bulletin board)

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Getting Started

If you intend to use Adaptec CI/O, it must be installed on the remote workstation from which you plan to monito r the arrays. See the Adaptec CI/O documentation to learn the hardware and software requirements for the remote workstation.

Using This Document

To use this document, first read Part 1 to learn the basics of arrays and how they are supported by AHA-398x host adapters and the supporting software. Part 1 also includes an overview of adapter features and of the software included with the adapter. Pay particular attention to

Next, follow the instructions in Part 2 to physically install the AHA-398x in your computer , atta ch the SCSI devices, prepar e a boot array or boot drive, and copy DOS and NetWare drivers to the server.

Read Chapter 7 in Part 3 to learn the basics of the Administrator Utility, which runs under NetWare. Then follow the instructions in the rest of Part 3, as needed, to learn how to use this utility to monitor array performance, manage your arrays, change array configurations, add new arrays, and format arrays. Chapter 12 explains how to use Adaptec CI/O to monitor your arrays from a remote workstation.

System Requirements

on page 1-2.

Read Part 4 as needed to learn how to use the SCSI change AHA-398x configuration parameters and how to set up a CD-ROM drive to install NetWare and other software.

Appendices A and B have tr oubleshooting information. Appendix C describes the drivers and other RAID-related software included with the AHA-398x.

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Select

utility to

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Conventions

The following typographic conventions are used in this document:

bold

Used for key names (… pr e ss the you are directed to select (… select

Helvetica

Used for screen messages (…Save changes?…) and for text you must type exactly as shown.

Helvetica Italics

Used for program and file names when referenced in the text (…

aspi8dos

…).

Enter

key …) and for options

SCSI Disk Utilities

…).

Advisories

Advisories are quick notes that stress an important point or warn of a potential hazard to the system or data. This document has three kinds of advisories:

Note:

Text set off in this way presents reminders, tips, or sug-

gestions that may simplify the use of the AHA-398x.

Caution:

in damage to your system, devices, or data.

WARNING:

result in personal injury.

Use caution when handling any electrical equipment. Advisories in this document can only cover the procedures contained here, and not all situations may have been addressed. Adaptec does not claim to have included every condition or situation that might require a Caution or Warning . You must refer to the documentation for your computer and peripheral devices when you are installing equipment or changing its configuration.

Failure to observe this type of advisory could result

Failure to observe this type of advisory could

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Part 1

Learning the Basics

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Array Basics

Adaptec’s RAID adapter and RAID software let you set up and manage disk arrays on NetWare servers. A that appears to the system as a single virtual disk. This is accomplished through software. Disks) refers to disk arrays in which part of the array storage capacity may be used to store redundant information. The redundant information lets you restore user data if a disk in the array fails.

A virtual disk is functionally identical to a physical disk. Depending on the array type, however, the virtual disk has advantages in faulttolerance, cost, performance, or a com binatio n of th ese. Th is cha pter explains the different array types and the disk requirements for each type.

RAID

disk array

(Redundant Array of Inexpensive

is a group of disks

Array Types

Array types are defined by their RAID level, a number from 0 through 6 (a higher RAID level does not indicate a higher level of performance or fault-tolerance). Adaptec RAID software lets you create the types of arrays that have proven to be the most useful for NetWare RAID applications: RAID 0, 1, 1/0, and 5.

RAID 0 (Striped Disks)

In a RAID 0 array, data is distributed, or the array. The array appears to the server as one large disk with a capacity approximately equal to the combined capacity of the physical disks. Because multiple reads and writes can be handled in parallel, the input/output performance of the array is much better than that of a single physical disk.

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striped

, across the disks in

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

RAID 0 arrays do not store redundant data, so they are not true RAID applications. If one disk fails, the entire array fails and all array data is lost. The fault-tolerance of a RAID 0 array, therefore, is less than that of any single disk in the array. The term RAID 0 is widely used for these arrays, however, because they ar e co nceptually similar to true RAID applications.

RAID 1, RAID 1/0 (Mirrored Disks)

In RAID 1 and RAID 1/0 arrays (commonly called disks are paired, with both disks in a pair containing the same data. When data is written to a mirrored array, it is written twice—once to each disk in the pair. A RAID 1 array has only one set of paired disks. A RAID 1/0 array has multiple pairs, across which data is striped.

The read performance of RAID 1 arrays can be much better than that of a single disk, while the write performance is slightly worse. In RAID 1/0 arrays, both read performan ce a nd w rite perf orm ance are better than those of a single disk.

A mirrored array is also highly reliable, because both disks must fail for the array to fail. In an array with five pairs of mirrored disks, for example, the array can maintain its integrity if even f ive disks fail—as long as each pair is left with one good disk . The main disadvantage of a mirrored array is its cost. Because all disks must have a twin, you must use twice the number of disks that actually contribute to the array capacity. In an eight-disk array, for example, you have only four disks of usable capacity.

mirrored arrays

in a pair

)

RAID 5

RAID 5 arrays contain redundant information in the form of parity data, which is calculated block by block for all user data. The parity information is distributed across the disks in the array, as in RAID 0 arrays, and occupies the equivalent capacity of about one disk. Data is interspersed with the parity information. If one disk in the a rray fails, the data on the failed disk can be reconstructed fr om the par ity data and user data on the remaining disks. Two disks must fail before the entire array fails.

The read performance of a RAID 5 array is excellent—comparable to that of a RAID 0 array. Write performance is lower than that of a RAID 0 array , because write operation s involve calculating and writing new parity data as well as writing the new user data.

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Array Basics

RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT

RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT arrays are functionally identical to RAID 0 and RAID 5 arrays, but you can convert from a RAID 0 CVT array to a RAID 5 CVT array and back again without loss of data and without reformatting. The CVT formats allow you to use the more reliable RAID 5 format for normal use, then switch to RAID 0, which has higher write performance, for large data transfers (for example, restoring data from tape). After the data is tr ansferred, you can convert back to the RAID 5 CVT format.

Note:

For more information on RAID levels, see

Book: A Source Book for RAID Technology

, published by the

The RAID

RAID Advisory Board (Lino Lakes, Minnesota: September,

1994).

Disk Requirements

An Adaptec array is an array that was set up using Adaptec’s RAID software. Adaptec’s RAID software lets you create up to four bootable or nonbootable arrays of SCSI disks. The following sections describe the disk requirements of Adaptec arrays.

Number of Disks in an Array

The following table shows the number of SCSI disks allowed in each type of Adaptec array. The disks can be connected to different channels of the same RAID adapter; however, they RAID adapters.

Minimum No.

of Disks

416

RAID Level

RAID 0 (striped) 2 8 RAID 0 CVT 3 8 Mirrored:

RAID 1 2 2

RAID 1/0 RAID 5 3 8 RAID 5 CVT 3 8

The number of drives in a RAID 1/0 array must be even.

cannot

be on different

Maximum No.

of Disks

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In addition to the main disks, you can specify up to two spare disks

spares

(

) for mirrored and RAID 5 arrays. (RAID 0 arrays do not have spares.) Spares are automatically activated when an array disk fails. A spare must have at least the capacity of the smallest disk in the array.

Mixing Disks fr om Differ ent Manufacturer s or with Different Capacities

An array can contain different mo dels of SCSI disks, even disks with different capacities; for example, an array can include a Quantum 340 MByte disk and a Conner 540 MByte disk. If you mix disks with different capacities, however, the smallest disk determines the logical capacity of all other disks in the array (regardless of RAID level). If a RAID 0 array contains one 340 MByte disk and four 540 MBytes disks, for example, the capacity of the array is equivalent to about five 340 MByte disks. To avoid wasted disk capacity, therefore, use disks of similar size.

Mixing Disks on Different RAID Adapter Channels

An AHA-3980/3980W RAID adapt er has two chann els: A and B. An AHA-3985/3985W RAID adapter has three channels: A, B, and C. Each channel acts as an inde pendent RAID ad apter, implementing a separate SCSI bus. An array can consist of disks on different channels of the same RAID adapter; however, it from two or more RAID adapters installed in the server.

cannot

include disks

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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Understanding the Adaptec RAID Software

You use Adaptec’s RAID software to set up and manage up to four bootable or nonbootable arrays. The following RAID software is included with your AHA-398x adapter:

■

Adaptec Initial Array Configuration Utility

■

Administrator Utility

■

Adaptec CI/O Software

■

Copy Drivers Utility

■

DOS and NetWare Device Drivers

This section gives an overview of each part of the software and explains where to look for more information.

Adaptec Initial Array Configuration Utility

Use the DOS-based Adaptec Initial Array C onfiguration Utility to create a bootable array, if you want to boot your server from an array. You can also use this utility to create other nonbootable arrays, delete arrays, view array information, replace a drive in an existing array, and reinitialize an array.

The Initial Array Configuration Utility is described in detail in Chapter 6,

Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

The Administrato r Utility

The NetWare-based Administrator utility lets you create and manage arrays. You can use this utility to

■

Create up to four nonbootable arrays (to create bootable arrays, you must use the Adaptec Initial Array Con f iguration Utility)

■

Format arrays

■

Add, modify, or delete arrays

■

View array information

■

Perform routine management tasks such as testing spare disks, verifying the integrity of arrays, regenerating data on replacement disks, and reactivating off-line arrays

See Part 3 for information about the Administrator utility and instructions on how to use it.

Note:

Depending on the task, the Administrator utility may call other utilities, such as the Format utility. This happens in the background, so you do not need to understand the other utilities. If you are curious about these utilities, however, see Appendix C,

Glossary of RAID Software

The Adaptec CI/O Software

Use Adaptec CI/O to monitor SCSI subsystems, including Ada p tec arrays, from a remote workstation. Adaptec CI/O also lets you remotely access the Administrator utility, making all Administrator utility functions available at the remote workstation. For an overview of Adaptec CI/O capabilities, see Chapter 12,

Remote Workstation

. This chapter also explains how to set up the

Adaptec RAID software for use with Adaptec CI/O. AHA-398x RAID adapter kits include Adaptec CI/O (the single

server version). If you purchased the RAID adapter separately, you can obtain Adaptec CI/O by calling the sales order line at the number listed on page ii.

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Working from a

Understanding the Adaptec RAID Software

The Copy Drivers Utility

Use the DOS-based Copy Drivers Utility to copy DOS and NetWare drivers from the AHA-3980/3985 Drivers and RAID Utilities diskette to the server ’s hard disk drive. The drivers are automatically copied to the appropriate directory. You may need to edit your

config.sys, autoexec.bat

drivers.

, or

startup.ncf

files in order to load the

The Copy Drivers Utility is described in detail in page 6-8.

Copying Drivers

DOS and NetWare Device Drivers

You must use the Copy Drivers Utility to copy Adaptec device drivers for DOS and NetWare to your hard disk. The AHA-3980/3985 Drivers and RAID Utilities diskette includes files for NetWare 3.11,

3.12, and 4.xx. Also, DOS CD-ROM drivers are included so you can connect a SCSI CD-ROM drive to the AHA-398x host adapter and use it to load operating system software.

❒

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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Understanding the AHA-398x Adapter

Adaptec’s AHA-398x adapter is a multichannel PCI-to-SCSI RAID adapter for disk arrays. As a host adapter, the AHA-398x provides the interface between your computer’s PCI bus and your SCSI drives. As a RAID adapter, the AHA-398x lets you create and operate arrays of SCSI disks. The AHA-398x has special onboar d featur es that speed many RAID read and write operations.

Multiple Independent Channels

Each AHA-3980/3980W adapter has two SCSI channels: A and B. Each AHA-3985/3985W adapter has three channels: A, B, and C. Each channel functions as an independent RAID adapter.

The AHA-3980 and AHA-3985 are 8-bit adapters. Each channel on these adapters supports up to seven 8-bit Fast SCSI devices. The AHA-3980W and AHA-3985W are 16-bit adapters. Each channel on these adapters supports up to 15 SCSI devices. All 15 devices can be 16-bit, or you can combine 8-bit and 16-bit devices. If you combine devices, a maximum of seven can be 8-bit devices.

The channels have the following connectors:

■

Channel A: One internal and one external SCSI connector

■

Channel B: One internal SCSI connector

■

Channel C (AHA-3985/3985W only): One internal SCSI connector

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Standard SCSI and SCSI-2 Features

AHA-398x adapters support all SCSI functions supported by Adaptec’s other host adapters, including the following SCSI-2 features:

■

Scatter/Gather: Allows high performance even in computers with fragmented memory buffers

■

Disconnect/Reconnect: Maximizes SCSI bus usage in systems with multiple targets

■

Tagged Command Queuing: Allows a SCSI device to return data in a different order than that requested by the adapter

In addition, AHA-398x adapters

■

Provide continuous termination power to the S C SI bus

■

Let you enable or disable SCSI termination for each separate AHA-398x channel

■

Generate and check parity on the SCSI bus. Parity checking can be disabled if a device on the bus does not support it (see Chapter 13,

Configuring the Adapter with SCSISelect

Synchr onous and Asynchronous Data Transfers

The AHA-398x allows both synchronous and asynchronous data transfers on a channel. The maximum transfer speeds are as follows:

■

AHA-3980/3985 Synchronous: Up to 10.0 MBytes/sec per channel

■

AHA-3980/3985 Asynchronous: Up to 3.0 MBytes/sec per channel

■

AHA-3980W/3985W Synchronous: Up to 20.0 MBy tes/s ec per channel

■

AHA-3980W/3985W Async hronous : Up to 6.0 MBytes/sec per channel

By default, the AHA-398x negotiates for synchronous transfers with each device; you can disable synchronous negotiation for devices that accept only asynchronous transfers (see Chapter 13,

the Adapter with SCSISelect

). The AHA-398x always accepts negotia-

tions for synchronous transfers initiated by a S C SI device.

4-2

Configuring

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Understanding the AHA-398x Adapter

The SCSI

The AHA-398x includes the onboard SCSI

Select

SCSI termination and parity checking, without changing switches or jumpers on the board. SCSI ting SCSI disk devices and scanning them for defects. See Chapter

Configuring the Adapter with SC SI Select

13,

Select

allows you to change AHA-398x settings, such as channel

Configuration Utility

Select

configuration utility.

Select

also provides utilities for format-

NetWare and DOS Support

The AHA-398x is intended primarily to support disk arrays on systems operating under NetWare 3.11, 3.12, or 4.xx. However, it also supports SCSI hard drives and CD-ROM drives operating under MS-DOS 5.0 or above. Limited disk array functionality is supported

under DOS, including RAID 5 operation with a failed drive. DOS support also allows you to install NetWare from a CD-ROM drive attached to the AHA-398x. (The DOS-based NetWare installation program is usually distributed on CD-ROM.)

The AHA-398x package includes NetWare software drivers. It also includes drivers needed to operate CD-ROM drives under NetWare and DOS. The drivers are on a disk labeled

and RAID Utilities

AHA-3980/3985 Drivers

The

Upgrading Your AHA-3980/3985 Adapter

If you own a previously pur chas ed Adaptec AHA-3980/3985 RAID adapter with software version 1.01 or earlier, you can obtain a free upgrade kit from Adaptec to add bootable array support to your adapter . Con tact Adaptec Technical Support for this BIOS and software upgrade kit. The kit includes instructions on how to install the upgrade.

Using arrays for long-term DOS or Windows operat ion is not recommended.

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Supported SCSI Devices

AHA-398x RAID adapters support

single-ended

SCSI devices (to determine whether a device is single-ended, check the device documentation). AHA-3980/3985 adapters support 8-bit SCSI devices and AHA-3980W/3985W adapters support both 8-bit and 16-bit SCSI devices. The following sections describe SCSI device support under NetWare and under MS-DOS.

Devices Supported under NetWare

The AHA-398x supports all SCSI devices supported by NetWare 386

3.11, 3 .12, an d 4.xx. Th is includes SCSI hard drives, tape drive s, jukeboxes, and removable-media disk drives (for example, magnetooptical drives). Removable-media drives are treated as standard SCSI hard disk drives, with these exceptions:

■

The AHA-398x recognizes and registers only media with 512 bytes/sector.

■

You can mount, dismount, lock, and unlock the media. These options are supported by NetWare’s

monitor.nlm

the NetWare documentation.)

■

Do not use removable media devices in arrays.

To operate CD-ROM drives under NetWare, you must install

aspicd.dsk

Drive under NetWa re

, the CD-ROM driver for NetWare (see

on page 14-5). This driver enables the AHA-398x

to support most popular CD-ROM drives.

program. (See

Using a CD-ROM

Devices Supported under MS-DOS

Under MS-DOS 5.0 and above, the AHA-398x BIOS supports up to eight standard devices—for example, IDE or EIDE drives —and SCSI hard drives and arrays without the need for drivers, as long as the drives support Int 13h. (T o verify that your drives support Int 13h, read your device documentation or check with your vendor.) The AHA-398x BIOS supports disk drives as large as 8 GBytes.

If you instal l

aspi8dos

CD-ROM drives. For information on using

CD-ROM Drive under DOS

and

aspicd.sys

on page 14-1.

, the AHA-398x also supports

aspicd.sys

, see

Using a

❒

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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Part 2

Setting Up Arrays

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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives

This chapter explains how to physically install an AHA-398x adapter in your computer and connect SCSI drives to it. The chapter takes you through each of the following steps:

■

Installing the AHA-398x in a PC I slot in your computer

■

Connecting the SCSI drives to the AHA-398x

■

Terminating the SCSI bus

■

Setting SCSI IDs and preparing a boot device

■

Connecting the LED light that indicates activity on th e AHA-398x

The chapter also describes special cases such as installing multiple AHA-398x adapters, combining the AHA-398x with ISA- or EISAbased host adapters, and sharing SCSI devices between two computers.

AHA-398x RAID adapters are configured to provide optimum performance for most systems. Read Chapter 13,

with SCSISelect

change the configuration. You can change the configuration after you install the AHA-398x and attach the SCSI devices.

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, to learn about situations in which you may need to

Configuring the Adapter

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

AHA-398x Layout

Figures 5-1 and 5-2 (and the tables following ea ch f igure) identif y the major AHA-398x components. You may find it helpful to refer to this information while insta lling the adapter and attaching the SCSI devices.

J2 J8 J9 J10J4J1 J3 J6

J13

Figure 5-1. AHA-3980/3985 Board Layout

Location Description

J1 External 50-pin high-density SCSI connector - Channel A J2 Multiple computer termination jumper - Channel A J3 Multiple computer termination jumper - Channel B J4 (AHA-3985 only) Multiple computer termination jumper - Channel

C J6 LED connector J8 Internal 50-pin SCSI connector - Channel A J9 Internal 50-pin SCSI connector - Channel B J10 (AHA-3985 only) Internal 50-pin SCSI connector - Channel C J13 PCI interrupt jumper

Sharing SCSI Devices with a Second Computer

See

on page 5-18.

1 1

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Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives

J2 J4 J6 J8J7

J12

Figure 5-2. AHA-3980W/3985W Board Layout

Location Description

J2 Multiple computer termination jumper - Channel A J3 LED connector J4 Internal 68-pin high-density SCSI connector - Channel A J5 Multiple computer termination jumper - Channel B J6 Internal 68-pin high-density SCSI connector - Channel B J7 (AHA-3985W only) Multiple computer termination jumper - Channel C J8 (AHA-3985W only) Internal 68-pin high-density SCSI connector -

J10 PCI interrupt jumper J12 External SCSI connector - Channel A

Sharing SCSI Devices with a Second Computer

See

Channel C

J5 J3

J10

on page 5-18.

Installing the AHA-398x in a PCI Slot

Follow the steps in this section to install the AHA-398x in your com-

Be sure your computer meets the minimum hardware and software

puter.

requirements before you begin installation

page 1-2).

WARNING:

Be sure the power is turned

puter is unplugged before you continue.

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System Requirements

(see

OFF

and the com-

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Remove the cover from the computer case.

Locate an unused, unobstructed 5-volt PCI bus slot that supports bus mastering. PCI bus slots are typically white or ivory and are shorter than ISA or EISA slots. Usually, there are three PCI slots. One of these may be a have both an ISA connector and a PCI connector—but only one kind of board can be inserted in the slot at any one time.

shared slot

—that is, it may

Caution:

cessor. motherboards only allow one full-length slot. If this slot is already occupied, move the short card to another slot.

Remove the metal bracket that covers the slot opening in the computer case. Keep the screw that held the metal bracket in place; you will need it later.

Caution:

yourself by touching an unpainted surface on the computer chassis. Otherwise, you ma y damage the AHA-398x.

Carefully remove the AHA-398x from its package.

Note:

remove the PCI interrupt jumper (for the jumper location, see the diagrams on pages 5-2 and 5-3). We recommend that you leave the jumper in place if your computer supports only PCI interrupts A and B. (This is the default for most PCI computers.)

Some slots may be blocked by the host pro-

Do not force

Before procee ding with the next step, ground

If you need to use PCI interrupts B, C, and D,

the AHA-398x into a slot. Many

Position the AHA-398x directly over the PCI slot. If your computer has a card guide to align the AHA-398x, be sure to insert the end of the adapter in the card guide.

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Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives

Carefully press the connector on the bottom of the AHA-39 8x into the slot, as shown in Figure 5-3, until the metal contacts on the bottom of the AHA-398x are securely seated in the slot.

Figure 5-3. Inserting the AHA-398x

Attach the AHA-398x bracket to the computer chassis with the screw from the expansion slot cover that you removed.

Note:

Do not

the power yet!

put the computer cover back on or reconnect

Connecting SCSI Devices

SCSI devices are connected by cables in one continuous line called

SCSI bus

the SCSI bus. Y o u can attach internal SCSI devices to Ch annel A, B, or C. You can only attach external devices to Channel A, because it is the only channel with an external SCSI connector.

Each channel on an AHA-3980 or AHA-3985 supports up to seven 8-bit SCSI devices. For example, if you attach two SCSI devices to the internal connector of Channel A, you can attach up to five devices to the external connector—a total of seven devices on the channel. On an AHA-3980W or AH A -398 5W, each channel su pports up to 15 SCSI devices—either 16-bit devices alone or a combination of 16-bit and up to seven 8-bit devices.

. Each channel on the adapter implements a separate

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

This section explains how to connect both internal and external SCSI devices to the channel connectors. When you attach the SCSI devices, remember the following constraints:

■

If you combine 8-bit and 16-bit devices on an external AHA-3980W or AHA-3985W channel, you must attach the 8-bit devices

after

the 16-bit devices; once you use a 68-to-50-pin converter to step down to an 8-bit device, you cannot step back up to a 16-bit device because the high bits are terminated. (You can order a 68-to-50-pin converter from Ad aptec by calling the phone number listed on page ii.)

■

If you combine 8-bit and 16-bit devices on an internal AHA-3980W or AHA-3985W channel, you must attach the 8-bit devices before the 16-bit devices.

■

On each channel, the total length of cabling (internal and external) should not exceed

– three meters (9.8 feet) if you use 8-bit or 16-bit Fast SCSI data

transfer rates, such as the default rate

– six meters (19.7 feet) if you use 5 MByte/sec asynchronous or

synchronous data trans fer rates

■

If you plan to boot the computer from a stand-alone SCSI drive, connect the drive to Channel A of the adapter. If you plan to boot the com puter fr om an arr ay, connect at least one of the drives for this array to Channel A.

Caution:

gle-ended

AHA-398x RAID adapters support only SCSI devices.

Differential

SCSI devices may be damaged if you connect them to the AHA-398x bus. Read your SCSI device documentation to determine whether a device is single-ended or differential.

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Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives

Choosing SCSI Cables

Always use high-quality SCSI cables to connect the AHA-398x to devices on the SCSI bus. Poor-quality cables can cause data corruption, parity errors, and other problems. High-quality cabling is especially critical if you use Fast SCSI data transfer rates.

The cables used for external SCSI devices va ry widely in quality and electrical characteristics. Use external SCSI cables that

■

Meet SCSI-2 standards (your cable vendor can tell you this)

■

Have a single-ended impedance range of 80-110 ohms

Adaptec sells high-quality internal and external SCSI-2 cables, which you can purchase by calling Adaptec at the number listed on page ii.

Connecting Internal SCSI Devices

Use the SCSI ribbon cables included with the AHA-398x kit to connect internal devices to the adapter. Each AHA-398x ribbon cable has several connectors, including connectors at each end of the cable. The connector at one end is attached to a passthrough terminator (for information on termination, see on page 5-12). You can attach this connector to a SCSI device, even with the terminator in place.

Terminating the SCSI Bus

Note:

If you need more cables, you can purchase them from

Adaptec by calling the number listed on page ii.

Follow these steps to connect internal SCSI devices to the internal connectors on the AHA-398x:

If you need to physically install the SCSI device inside your computer before attaching the cables, follow the installation instructions in the device documentation.

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Plug the SCSI connect or at one end of the ribbon cable (the end without the passthrough terminator) into one of the AHA-398x’s internal SCSI connectors, as shown in Figure 5-4.

Colored

Stripe

SCSI

Ribbon Cable

Pin 1

Internal SCSI

Connector

Figure 5-4. Internal SCSI Ribbon Cable to AHA-398x

The colored stripe on one side of the ribbon cable must match up with the number 1 printed on the AHA-398x beneath the connector. This is called maintaining proper

pin-1 orientation

Plug a SCSI connector on the internal cable to the SCSI connector on the first SCSI device, as shown in Figure 5-5. Match pin 1 on the ribbon cable to pin 1 on the connector. (Pin 1 is usually marked by a triangle or a 1.)

Pin 1

Internal SCSI

Device

Figure 5-5. Internal SCSI Ribbon Cable to Internal SCSI Device

5-8

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Colored Stripe

Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives

To connect other internal SCSI devices, plug the devices into the other connectors on the ribbon cable, as shown in Figure 5-6.

Pin 1

Colored Stripe

2nd Internal SCSI

Device

To 1st Internal

SCSI Device

Figure 5-6. Connecting a Second Internal SCSI Device

Disable SCSI termination on all internal devices. If the internal cable does not have a passthrough terminator, terminate the last SCSI device on the cable. (See

Terminating the SCSI Bus

page 5-12.)

To Host Adapter

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Connecting External SCSI Devices

The AHA-398x external connector is on Channel A, which also has an internal connector. With the AHA-3980 and AHA-3985 host adapters, you can connect to a total of seven 8-bit SCSI devices to the Channel A connectors. With the AHA-3980W and AHA-3985W adapters, you can connect a total of fifteen 8-bit and 16-bit devices.

Follow these steps to connect external SCSI devices to Channel A:

Attach one connector of the external SCSI cable to the external SCSI connector, as shown in Figure 5-7. External cable connectors can be plugged in only one way; pin-1 o rientation is automatic.

Caution:

The external SCSI cables must meet the

guidelines listed on page 5-7.

External SCSI Connector

External SCSI Cable

Figure 5-7. External Cable to AHA-398x

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Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives

Attach the connector at the other end of the external cable to either one of the SCSI connectors on the external SCSI device, as shown in Figure 5-8.

External

SCSI Cable

Figure 5-8. External Cable to External SCSI Device

T o connect othe r external SCSI devices, daisy chain each device

External SCSI Device

to the previous device until all external SCSI devices have been connected, as shown in Figure 5-9.

External

SCSI Cables

Figure 5-9. Daisy Chaining External SCSI Devices

Caution:

Be careful not to exceed the SCSI bus cable length limitations. (The total bus length includes any cabling inside the case of external devices.)

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Note:

The computer in which the AHA-398x is installed can share external SCSI devices with another computer. For more information, see

Computer

on page 5-18.

Sharing SCSI Devices with a Second

Terminating the SCSI Bus

SCSI bus terminators must be either installed in, or enabled on, the first and last SCSI devices on each AHA-398x channel; otherwise, the devices will not operate properly. Terminators on all other devices must be removed or disabled.

AHA-398x termination is At the other end of the SCSI bus, term ination is usually provided by the passthrough terminator (for the internal chan nels) or a n external SCSI device (if devices are attached to the external connector of Channel A).

The following sections describe termination for each of th e channels. In reading the instructions, note that termination on most SCSI disk drives, CD-ROM drives, and other SCSI devices is controlled by a jumper or switch close to the SCSI connector. Some SCSI devices have a resistor module that you insert or remove to control termination. See your device documentation for details.

Note:

Some SCSI disk drives allow their terminators to receive termination power from the SCSI bus instead of from the drive’s power supply. AHA-398x RAID adapters support this option, because they alwa ys supply termination power on the SCSI bus.

enabled

by default on all adapter channels.

5-12

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Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives

Terminating Channels B and C

Follow these steps to terminate the end devices on Channel B or C (see Figure 5-10):

Leave the AHA-398x channel termination enabled (the default).

Leave the passthrough terminator in place to terminate the other end of the channel. (If you do not use the passthrough terminator, you must install a terminator, or enable termination, on the last SCSI device attached to the channel.)

Caution:

The passthrough terminator for the internal SCSI channels helps ensure that terminati on is maintained constantly, which is important for disk arrays. Without the passthrough terminator, an internal SCSI device must provide termination. If that device is removed because of failure, the bus is no longer terminated and the array may be compromised. We strongly recommend using the terminator.

Remove the terminator, or disable termination, on all other SCSI devices on the channel.

Channel

Termination

Enabled

Termination

Enabled

Termination

Figure 5-10. Termination on SCSI Channel B or C

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Terminating Channel A

The procedure for terminating Channel A depends on whether you use one or both of the Channel A connectors. If you use only one of the connectors (that is, the internal or the external connector, but not both), the termination procedure is the same as that just described for Channels B and C.

If you attach SCSI devices to both Channel A connectors, the steps for terminating the channel are as follows (see Figure 5-11):

Leave the passthrough terminator in place to provide termination at the internal end of the bus.

Install a terminator, or enable termination, on the last SCSI device attached to the

Disable AHA-398x termination for Channel A, following the instructions in

Remove the terminators, or disable termination, on all other

Changing the AHA-398x Settings

SCSI devices attached to the internal and external connectors.

external

channel connector.

on page 13-7.

Termination

Channel

Disabled

5-14

Termination

Enabled

Termination

Enabled

Figure 5-11. Internal and External Devices on SCSI Channel A

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Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives

Setting SCSI IDs and Preparing a Boot Device

Each device on the SCSI bus, including the AHA-398x, must have a unique SCSI ID. SCSI IDs uniquely define each SCSI device on the bus and determine which device has priority when two or more devices try to use the SCSI bus at the same time.

SCSI IDs on one channel do not interfere with IDs on another channel. IDs on one AHA-398x (or channel) do not interfere with those on other installed adapters (or channels), as long as the adapters (or channels) implement different SCSI buses.

Allowable SCSI ID s are 0 throu gh 7 for devices on the AHA-3980/

3985. ID 7 has the highest priority, and ID 0 has the lo west. On the AHA-3980W/3985W, allowable IDs are 0 through 15. The priority of the remaining IDs, in descending order, is 6 to 0, then 15 to 8.

Setting SCSI IDs is a three-step process:

Determine which ID each device on the SCSI bus already has. The default ID for Channels A, B, and C on the AHA-398x is

ID 7. To determine the IDs of disk drives and other SCSI devices, read their documentation and examine their switch or jumper settings.

Change the IDs (if needed) so that no two devices on the same SCSI channel have the same ID. (Leave the channel IDs at the default of SCSI ID 7.)

If a second AHA-398x or a different SCSI host adapter shares the same SCSI bus, make sure its ID is not also 7. If necessary, change either the channel ID or the adapter ID to 6. (See

Adapter (Channel) SCSI ID

If you plan to boot the computer from an array connected to the AHA-398x adapter, assign SCSI ID 0 to one of the drives you will use for that array and connect it to channel A. If you plan to boot the computer from a stand-alone SCSI drive, assign SCSI ID 0 to that drive. (See Chapter 6,

Device and Installing Drivers

If you are installing the boot drive or array is connected to the adapter that is scanned first. See more information.

Installing Multiple Adapters

on page 13-2.)

, for more information.)

two or more

Preparing a Boot

AHA-398x adapters, be sure

on page 5-17 for

Host

5-15

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Connecting the SCSI Bus Activity Light

An LED light on the front panel of most computers indicates activity on the disk. If you disconnect the cable from the motherboard and attach it to the LED connector on the AHA-398x, the LED will light whenever there is activity on any of the SCSI channels.

Note:

You may not want to change the connection if your computer system includes non-SCSI disk drives, because the LED will no longer light when these drives are active.

Follow these steps to connect the LED cable to the AHA-398x:

Refer to your computer’s documentation to locate the LED cable, and unplug it from the connector on the system board.

Connect the LED cable to the SCSI activity LED connector on the AHA-398x, as shown in Figure 5-12.

LED Cable

Pin 1

LED Connector J6

Figure 5-12. SCSI LED Connector

If the computer has a two-position LED cable, connect it to pins 1 and 2 of the LED connector (pin 1 is the pin nearest the edge of the board, as shown in Figure 5-12).

5-16

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Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives

Installing Multiple Ada pters

You can install multiple AHA-398x RAID adapters in the same computer. You can also install an AHA-398x in computers that have other PCI-, ISA-, or EISA-based host adapters. However, keep the following considerations in mind:

■

All drives in an array must be connected to the same host adapter. A single array cannot include drives from two or more host adapters.

■

If you are booting from a SCSI disk drive or array, it must be connected to the adapter that the computer scans first. Usually, you need to determine by experimentation which PCI slot the computer scans first and then make sure the adapter with the boot device is installed in that slot. Some computers boot from the device with the lowest PCI device number; others boot from the device with the highest number. If the system does not boot from the host adapter you want, move that host adapter to a different PCI slot and try again. Alternativ ely, you can disab le the BIOS on host adapters that are scanned before the desired boot host adapter.

■

In systems with EISA- and ISA-based host adapters, the boot host adapter must have the lo west BIOS b ase address. The syste m BIOS automatically contr ols the AHA-398x base address (the user has no control over the as signe d addre ss).

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Sharing SCSI Devices with a Second Computer

The AHA-398x adapter and an Adaptec host adapter in a second computer can share the same SCSI devices without constantly changing the cable configuration. In this arrangement, one of the two computers can be powered at any one time, and that computer can then access the devices. The host adapter in the unpowered computer acts as a terminator at one end of the SCSI bus.

Note:

The Adaptec host adapter in the second computer need not be an AHA-398x, but it must be capable of active termination when it is not powered. Most Adaptec host adapters have this capability. Read the host adapter documentation if you are not sure.

To allow computers to share SCSI devices, follow these steps:

On the AHA-398x, install a jumper shunt on one or more of the following jumpers, depending on the channel to be shared (Figure 5-1 on page 5 -2 and Figure 5-2 and on page 5-3 show the jumper locations):

To connect a second host adapter in another computer to the Channel A bus:

for all AHA-398x adapters

To connect a second host adapter in another computer to the Channel B bus:

for AHA-3980/3985; J5 for AHA-3980W/3985W

To connect a second host adapter in another computer to the Channel C bus:

for AHA-3985; J7 for AHA-3985W

Install the AHA-398x as described in

a PCI Slot

5-18

on page 5-3.

Installing the AHA-398x in

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Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives

Connect the AHA-398x channel, the SCSI devices, and the host adapter in the second computer as shown in Figure 5-13.

AHA-3980/3985

Computer 1

Other

SCSI Host

Adapter

Computer 2

Figure 5-13. SCSI Devices Shared by Two Computers

Assign different SCSI IDs to the AHA-398x channel and the host adapter in the second computer (see

nel) SCSI ID

on page 13-2). IDs 6 and 7 are preferable, since

Host Adapter (Chan-

they have highest priority on the SCSI bus.

If necessary, change the IDs of the shared SCSI devices so no devices have the same ID (see

Boot Device

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on page 5-15).

Setting SCSI IDs and Preparing a

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Completing AHA-398x Installation

To complete installation of the AHA-398x RAID adapter, follow these steps:

Replace and secure the cover of the computer case.

Reconnect the power cords to all e xte rnal SCSI devices a nd th e computer.

Turn ON the power to all external SCSI devices. (You

must

turn

on the SCSI devices before you turn on the computer.)

Turn ON the computer.

As the computer boots, look for an onscreen message from the AHA-398x BIOS (see Figure 5-14). If it does not appear , your system

OFF

did not recognize the AHA-398x. Turn the AHA-398x is properly seated in the PCI slot, and then turn

the computer, make sure

the computer again. If the AHA-398x BIOS message still does not appear, your system probably does not support PCI-to-PCI bridges. For additional information, read the troubleshooting information in

3980note.txt

the

file on the AHA-3 980 /3 985 Drivers and RAID Uti li-

ties diskette included with the AHA-398x.

Press <Ctrl> <A> for SCSISelect (TM) Utility! AIC-7870/Sequencer Diagnostics Passed [List of SCSI Devices]

. . .

❒

5-20

BIOS Installed Successfully!

Figure 5-14. AHA-398x BIOS Message

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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers

This chapter explains how to prepare a boot device connected to your AHA-398x adapter and how to install the DOS and NetWare drivers you will need to load software and to use arrays.

The boot device can be an array or a stand-alone disk drive. We recommend that you boot your computer from an array, because you can take advantage of the data redundancy provided by most levels of RAID. (See Chapter 2, different RAID levels.) If you boot from a stand-alone disk drive, you can use a SCSI drive connected to the AHA-398x adapter or a non-SCSI drive (usually an IDE or EIDE drive).

If a non-SCSI drive is installed in your computer, the computer will always attempt to boot from that drive and will never boot from a SCSI drive or array.

Array Basics

, to learn about the features of

Getting Ready to Prepare a Boot Device

Follow these steps, regardless of whether you plan to boot from an array or from a stand-alone disk drive. We assume here that MS-DOS and NetWare are with the AHA-398x adapter. You will need to have access to a second computer.

Complete the hardware installation steps in Chapter 5.

Be sure the intended boot drive—or at least one drive that will be in the boot array—is connected to Channel A of the AHA-398x.

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not

already installed on the computer

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

If your computer has two or more PCI adapters, the boot device must be connected to the adapter in the PCI slot that is scanned first. See page 5-17 for more information.

Be sure the boot drive (or a drive that will be part of the boot array) has been assigned SCSI ID 0 on channel A.

Obtain a licensed copy of MS-DOS, and boot the computer from Disk 1 - the

Press F3 twice to exit from the MS-DOS Setup program, then remove the MS-DOS disk from the disk drive.

Do not turn the computer off.

Go to a computer on which DOS 5.0 or above (preferably DOS 6.0 or above) is already installed, type format a: /s at the DOS prompt, and press

Insert a blank floppy diskette in the A drive of this computer and press bootable.

When the formatting is completed, copy the

Enter

format.com

newly formatted floppy diskette.

Setup

disk.

Enter

again. This command makes the diskette

fdisk.exe

files from the computer’s DOS directory to the

and

Copy the files on the Adaptec Initial Array Configuration Utility diskette to the newly formatted diskette that has the

fdisk.exe

Put the original Adaptec Initial Array Configuration Utility diskett e in a safe pl ace.

Remove the new diskette from the disk drive of the second computer.

If you plan to boot from an

ating an Array with the Initial Array Configur ation Utility

If you plan to boot from a

and Partitioning the Array or Drive

6-2

and

format.com

array,

stand-alone disk drive,

files.

continue with the next section,

skip to

on page 6-7.

Formatting

Cre-

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Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers

Creating an Array with the Initial Array Configuration Utility

You can also create arrays with the Administrator Utility described in Part 3 of this docum ent. However, if you want to install NetWare on the array, you must create it with the Initial Array Configuration Utility. This section describes only the Initial Array Configuration Utility options that are required to create an array. For information about other options, see

Options

on page 6-14.

Insert the new diskette in drive A of the computer with the AHA-398x adapter.

Type a:arconfig at the DOS prompt and press Initial Array Configuration Util ity.

If only one AHA-398x RAID adapter is installed, the Main Menu show n i n Figure 6-15 appears. If there are two or mo re AHA-398x adapters, an intermediate menu appears from which you select the adapter for which you want to create the array.

Other Initial Array Configuration Utility

Enter

Adaptec Initial Array Configuration Utility

to start the

Array Menu

Display rraysA Add ew ArrayN

Delete Array Replace Array Drive Initialize Array

Figure 6-15. Initial Array Configuration Utility Main Menu

When the main menu appears, select

Add N

ew Array

Select Array Menu appears. To select Initial Array Configuration Utility menu options,

type the

hot key

—the letter in the option that appears in a dif-

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. The

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

ferent color. You can also press the ↑ and ↓ keys until the option is highlighted and then press

Enter

. If you have a

monochrome monitor and the highlight bar is not visible, press

Ctrl-B

to change to monochrome mode.

Press

Enter

to define Array #1 (assuming that you have not yet

defined any other arrays). The Select Array Ty pe menu appears on the left of the screen,

as shown in Figure 6-16.

Adaptec Initial Array Configuration Utility

Select Array Type

RAID0 Mirrored RAID5

Up/Dn: MoveUp/Down Enter: Select Array Esc: Previous Menu

Figure 6-16. Selecting an Array and an Array Type

Select an array type for the new array. (See Chapter 2,

Basics

, for an explanation of the various RAID levels and array

Select Array

Array #1 Array #2 Array #3 Array #4

types.) If you select

RAID 5 or RAID 0

, a screen appears asking you if you want to make the array convertible between RAID 5 and RAID 0. Read the onscreen explanation and select y or n.

When a prompt appears asking how many drives the array will contain, type the number of drives (excluding spares) and

Enter

press

The screen lists the number of drives available for assignment on all the channels of this adapter. It also lists the maximum and minimum number of drives allowed for each kind of array.

Array

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Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers

Note:

spare

is a disk drive associated with an array that will be used automatically as a replacement if one of the active drives in the array fails.

When the next screen appears, as shown in Figure 6-17, press

Tab

to highlight a channel. When the drives on the highlighted

channel appear in the

SCSI IDs on Channel

menu, select the drives for the array. (Press the ↑ and ↓ keys until the drive name is highlighted, then press

Ins or Enter

.) The names of selected drives appear to the right, in the Adaptec Array # box.

Adaptec Initial Array Configuration Utility

AHA-3980

Bus #1

Channel A

Channel B

Tab = Select channel Up/Dn Arrow = Select drive Ins = Install drive Del = Deselect drive

#1 #2 #3

SCSI IDs on Channel

QUANTUM

CONNER CONNER CONNER

LPS34

CFA540 CFA540 CFA540

335MB

537MB 537MB 537MB

Array #1

Type=Mirrored

Drive Channel ID

Figure 6-17. Selecting Drives for an Array

To select drives on a different host adapter channel, press to select another channel and then select the drives from the

SCSI IDs on Channel

recently added, press

menu. To deselect the drive you most

Del

When you have selected the number of drives you specified in step 6, the next screen appears automatically.

If the array is mirrored or RAID 5

and

there are still one or more unassigned drives, a prompt appears asking whether you want to define spare drives for the array.

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Tab

6-5

AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Note:

A spare must have at least the capacity of the

smallest drive in the array.

If you do not want a spare: To select a spare:

At the prompt, type y.

If more than one drive is available, a second prompt appears, asking how many spares the array will have. T ype 1 or 2 and press

To select each spare, follow the directions in step 7.

When the Select Format Mode menu appears, select

Array to Z

Select formatted on another system or if you think they may have surface defects. Low-level formatting can take a long time for large disk drives. (See more information.)

When the menu of block sizes appears, select a block size. (This menu does not appear if the array is a mirrored array with only two drives). The recommended size is 16 KBytes.

ow-Level Format

Follow these steps:

ero

, the recommended mode.

Caution:

lost when you initialize or format the array.

If the drives contain data, all the data will be

Type n and continue with step 9.

Enter

only if the drives were previously

Initializing an Array

on page 6-16 for

Initialize

Confirm that you want to format the array by typing y at the prompt. You will see percentage complete information on the screen as the array is formatted.

Note:

You cannot cancel an

low-level format once it has started.

When you see the message Initialization of Array # plete, press any key to return to the Main Menu.

6-6

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Initialize Array to Z

is com-

ero

Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers

Esc

Press reboot the computer when you see the prompt.

and, with the newly-created diskette still in the drive,

Formatting and Partitioning the Arra y or Drive

Follow these steps regardless of whether you are creating a boot drive or a boot array.

Insert the diskette onto which you copied the Initial Array Configuration Utility into the A drive of the computer with the AHA-398x adapter. Then reboot the computer. (This has already been done if you just created an array.)

When the DOS prompt appears, type a:fdisk and press The FDISK Options menu appears. Above the list of options is the message Current fixed disk drive: 1.

If you are sure the disk drive noted in the message is the one you want to partition, continue with the next step. Otherwise,

Change current fixed disk drive

select

fdisk

appear if that appears, select the drive you want to partition.

4 5 6

Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive

Select

Create Primary Partition

Select When prompted whether you want the maximum partition

size, type n (no).

found only one drive); from the list of drives

(this option does not

Enter

When prompted, enter a partition size of about 20 MBytes. This will allow sufficient space for all DOS files, leaving the rest of the array (or disk) for a NetWare partition.

8 9

Esc

Press Select

appear. When finished, exit

is still in the drive.) The system reboots. Type a:format c: /s and press

disk) and makes it bootable. When the formatting operation is complete, remove the dis-

kette from the drive and reboot the system. It will now boot from the hard drive or array.

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until the FDISK Options menu reappears.

Set active partition

, then follow any prompts that

fdisk

by pressing

Enter

Esc

. (Be sure the diskette

. This formats the array (or

6-7

AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

At this point you have installed enough DOS to enable you to install NetWare. If you want to

Remove the copied Initial Array Configuration Utility diskette

fully

install DOS, complete these steps:

from the drive and insert Disk 1 of the licensed copy of DOS.

Reboot the computer.

Proceed with the DOS Setup program. Ignore the message about DOS already being installed. When you ar e f ini shed, the full version of DOS will be installed on the DOS partition you created earlier.

Copying Drivers

The AHA-398x includes a diskette with drivers for NetWare 3.11,

3.12, and 4.xx. DOS CD-ROM drivers are included so you can install NetWare from a CD-ROM drive. Follow these steps to copy the drivers to your hard disk drive or array:

Insert the AHA-3980/3985 Drivers and RAID Utilities diskette in the A drive.

At the DOS prompt, type a:install, and press

When the Adaptec Array Driver Copy Utility menu appears, as shown in Figure 6-18, select one of the NetWare options, depending on which version of NetWare you are installing on the computer.

Enter

6-8

Adaptec Array Driver Copy Utility

Install Software Drivers

CD-ROM Drivers Netware 3.xx Drivers Netware 4.xx Drivers

Installs CD-ROM drivers in user-specified directory

Figure 6-18. The Install Software Drivers Menu

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Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers

When you are prompted, press default directory where the NetWare drivers will be copied. This will be either

If a CD-ROM drive is connected to the AHA-398x an d you will use it to install NetWare from a CD disc, return to the Main Menu and select

When you are prompted, press default directory ( copied. (See Chapter 14, about using a CD-ROM drive under DOS and Windows.)

When the drivers have been copied, press Adaptec Array Driver Copy Utility.

Copy the tory of the AHA-3980/3985 Drivers and RAID Utilities diskette to the root directory of your new boot array or boot drive.

If the drive already has can manually add the lines for the CD-ROM drivers. See the

3980dos.txt

Utilities diskette.

Remove the AHA-3980/3985 Drivers a nd RA ID Utilities diskette from the disk drive and reboot the computer.

config.sys

file on the AHA-3980/3985 Drivers and RAID

\server.312

CD-ROM drivers

\scsi

) where the CD-ROM drivers will be

Using a CD-ROM Drive

and

config.sys

Enter

\nwserver

. Otherwise, skip to step 7.

Enter

autoexec.bat

and

to accept the suggested

, to learn more

Esc

to exit from the

files from the

autoexec.bat

\dos

files, you

direc-

Installing NetWare on a New Server

NetWare 3.11

Version 3.11 of NetWare is installed from floppy disks. Refer to the NetWare documentation for instructions on installing this version of NetWare.

NetWare 3.12

Use SCSI the AHA-398x is installed:

Select

to determine the number of the PCI bus where

Boot the computer and press

Press <Ctrl><A > f or SCSI

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Ctrl-A

Select

when you see

(TM) Utility!

6-9

AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Look at the first screen that appears. The screen lists the PCI bus number and channels for each AHA-3 98x. The PCI bus number precedes each channel letter. The entry (Channel A on PCI bus 1), for example, indicates the AHA-398x is on PCI bus 1.

01:A

When finished, press

Insert the NetWare 3.12 installation disc in the computer’s CD-ROM drive.

Change to the directory that contains the NetWare file

install.bat

(assuming you are installing from a CD-ROM drive designated driveD).

Type install and press

Press any key to continue.

Select

Follow the instructions in the NetWare documentation to complete the installation. The installation program prompts you to enter a server name, an IPX number, and a destination directory for the server boot files. After the installation program copies the server boot files to that directory, you are further prompted to choose the country code, the file name format, and commands for the

During instal lation, you can press F1 to obtain onscreen help. If you need additional help, refer to the NetWare documentation.

Add the following lines to the directory containing the file):

. The directory is similar to

Install new NetWare 3.12 Retain current disk partitions

Esc

to exit SCSI

Enter

. A note to Ethernet users appears.

startup.ncf

and

startup.ncf

server.exe

(the lines can be anywhere in

Select

d:\netware.40\english

autoexec.ncf

file, located in the

files.

load aha3980 bus_num= load ardrvr

where x is the PCI bus number you determined in step 1.

aha3980.dsk

When therefore, you need not include a separate load line for

aspitran.dsk

must be in the same directory as

6-10

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. For

startup.ncf

loads, it automatically loads

to properly execute,

aha3980.dsk

aspitran.dsk aspitran.dsk

;

Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers

Note:

The NetWare Create Startup option does not

work correctly with PCI devices. If you use it, you will find four load aha3980 lines that need to be deleted.

If, during the NetWare installation, you did not modify the

autoexec.bat

the directory containing

c:\server.312

At the DOS prompt, type server and press loads.

At the server prompt (:), type load install and press ate the NetWare partition, the following the instructions in the NetWare documentation.

file to include the path for

server.exe

. Usually, the directory is

sys

volume, and other volumes,

server.exe

Enter

NetWare 4.xx

Determine the number of the PCI bus where the AHA-3980/ 3985 resides. To do so, you can use SCSI

Select

, change to

. The server

Enter

. Cre-

Boot the computer and press

Press <Ctrl><A > f or SCSI

When finished, press

Insert the NetWare installation disc in the computer’s CD-ROM drive.

Change to the root directory of the installation disk containing the NetWare installation batch file ( are installing from a CD-ROM drive designated as driveD).

Type install and press

Follow the instructions in the NetWare documentation to continue the installation on a single machine. During installation, you can press F1 to obtain online help.

Esc

Enter

Ctrl-A

Select

to exit SCSI

d:\install.bat

when you see

(TM) Utility!

Select

, assuming you

01:A

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

When a screen similar to the one in Figure 6-19 appears, continue with the next step.

NetWare Server Installation v4.x NetWare Loadable Module

Load Disk Driver Choose a disk driver that corresponds to the disk controller hardware in the server. Repeat this step for additional drivers.

AHA3980.DSK Adaptec AHA-3980/3985 ASPI Manager & SCSI Disk Module

Select a disk driver

Loaded Drivers

Load a disk driver listed Load disk driver not listed Unload a disk driver Scroll help window Help <F1> Previous Screen

<Enter> <Ins> <Del> <F5> (up) <F6> (dn) Change lists <F2> <Esc> Abort INSTALL <Alt> <F10>

Figure 6-19. Selecting AHA3980.DSK

Press Press

Insert

to load a disk driver not installed.

F3,

type c:\nwserver, and press

Enter

. A list of drivers

6 7

appears.

Highlight

aha3980.dsk

and press

Enter

. Repeat this for each

adapter that is installed. The installation program copies the necessary files to the direc-

tory containing the

Note:

Do not

server.exe

select ASPITRAN.DSK; that is done

file.

automatically.

Choose Highlight

Yes

to select an additional disk driver.

ardrvr.dsk

and press

Enter

If you wish to install other adapter drivers, specify them here. (If all adapters are the same model, you must load the same driver again for each adapter.)

Continue the installation using the instructions for your network card.

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Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers

After you finish specifying the drivers, a summary screen shows the drivers that the installation program will load.

The installation program attempts to load cannot, because no PCI bus number has been specified yet. Y ou must add command line parameters to the bus number. The

To add command line parameters, follow these steps:

Press F3.

ardrvr.dsk

does not require any changes.

aha3980.dsk

but

to specify

Edit the command line information for add the following command:

load aha3980 bus_num=

where x is the PCI bus number you determined in step 1. If you are installing additional AHA-398x RAID adapters,

be sure to enter different bus numbers for each RAID adapter.

Note:

sole screen and the installation program screen. The console screen displays a message indicating whether the driver loaded successfully. If an error message appears, see Appendix B,

Continue loading each driver you specified earlier.

Continue with the NetWare installation by following the procedures in the NetWare documentation. When prompted, select

Retain current disk partitions

When the installation program finishes, use an ASCII text editor to edit the

Delete duplicate load lines for only one load line for each AHA-398x. If necessary, insert one load line for each AHA-398x using the format shown in step 12b. (You can add the lines anywhere in the file.)

Press

startup.ncf

to switch between the con-

Software Error Messages

file as follows:

aha3980.dsk

c:\aha3980.dsk

until there is

and

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Check to make sure there is a load line for

startup.ncf

installed AHA-398x adapter, followed by a single load line.

should now load

Note:

The

aha3980.dsk

tape backup utility, not the when running this utility. Adaptec’s driver takes advantage of ASPI features bypassed by

adaptec.nlm

aha3980.dsk

driver supports the NetWare

sbackup.nlm

driver provided by NetWare,

ardrvr

for every

. Use

aha3980.dsk

. Your

ardrvr

Other Initial Array Configuration Uti li ty Options

Creating an Array with the Initial Array Configuration Utility

begins on page 6-3, describes how to use the Initial Array Configuration Utility to create an array that you can use for a boot device. Normally, this is the only task for which you will use this utility. Then you can create and manage other arrays with the Administrator Utility after you instal l NetWare.

This section describes the other Initial Array Configuration Utility menu options, in case you need to use them.

, which

Displaying Array Inform a tion

Follow these steps to display information about an array that has already been defined on your system:

1 2

Display A

Select When the Array Menu appears, move the highlight to the

array you want to view and press

rrays

from the Main Menu.

Enter

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Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers

View the information that appears on the screen. A sample screen is shown in Figure 6-20.

Adaptec Initial Array Configuration Utility

Configuration for Array #1

Type = RAID5 Drives = 4 Boot Array = Yes Array Size (MB) = 8158 Array Status = Initialized Data Block Size (KB) =16

Member

Press any key to return to the Main Menu.

SCSI ID 0 1 2 3

Figure 6-20. Sample Array Configuration Screen

Channel 1 3 4 5

A A B B

Status

UP UP UP UP

Capacity 2040 MB 2040 MB 2040 MB 2040 MB

Press any key to continue

Deleting an Array

Caution:

Before you delete an array, back up any data you want to keep. When you delete the array, all array data is lost!

To delete an array, follow these steps:

From the Main Menu, select

When the menu of arrays appears, select the array you want to

elete an Array

delete. A prompt asks you to confirm the deletion.

Type y to delete the array, or n to cancel the operation.

Restart the system.

The drives that were formerly part of the array can now be used as standard NetWare drives, or they can be redefined as part of another array.

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Replacing an Array Drive

Follow these steps to replace a down drive in an array:

From the Main Menu, select

When the menu of arrays appears, select the array that has the drive you want to replace.

When the next screen appears, press nel of the drive you want to replace. When the drives on the highlighted channel appear in the select the drive you want to replace.

Note:

You cannot replace the drive if it is currently up,

since this would not make sense. You should only attempt to replace a drive if it is down.

eplace Array Drive

Tab

to highlight the chan-

SCSI IDs on Channel

menu,

When the menu of channels appears, press channel that has the new drive you want to add to the array.

Select the drive on this channel that you want to add to the array.

When the message Member of Array #N replaced appears, press any key to return to the Main Menu.

Tab

to select the

Initializing an Array

When you add a new array, you are automatically prompted to ini-

tialize (format) it. If necessary, you can also select the

Array

option separately from the Main Menu, perhaps to reinitialize

an array that has become corrupted. Here is some additional information on the two initialization

methods:

Initialize Ar ray to Zero:

■

array with zeroes. This option is faster than a low-level format, but it does not verify the integrity of the disks. You can abort an initialization while it is underway; however, you must later complete the initialization.

(Recommended method) Fills the

nitialize

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Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers

Low-level Format:

■

writes a consistent pattern to the disks and checks the disks for defects. Then it fills the array with zeroes. Low-level formatting can take a long time (the speed varies by drive model), and you cannot abort it once it has started.

Follow these steps to initialize an a rray:

Select

When the Select Array menu appears, select the array you want to initialize.

nitialize Array

Note:

or more of the array drives is missing or down.

Performs a low-level SCSI format. This

from the Array Menu.

You are not allowed to initialize the array if one

When the Select Format Mode menu appears, select

Array to Z

When the menu of block sizes appears, select a block size. (This menu does not appear if the array is a mirrored array with only two drives).

The allowable block sizes are 8, 16 (the default), 32, or 64 KBytes. The default size gives the best overall performance. If you will perform mostly sequential access on the array, you may achieve better performance if you use larger stripe sizes and larger NetWare volume block sizes.

When prompted, confirm that you want to format the array by typing y (yes). The initialization process begins.

When you see the message Initialization of Array #N is complete, press any key to return to the Array Menu.

ero

Low-Level Format

Caution:

data on the array and cannot be canceled once it has started. If the array contains data yo u want to keep, be sure to back it up first!

Formatting or initializing an array erases all

❒

Initialize

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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Part 3

Managing Arrays

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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Understanding the Administrator Utility

You use the Administrator utility to create and manage arrays while running NetWare. The Administrator utility lets you

■

Create up to four arrays per server

■

Monitor array performance

■

Perform array tasks, such as verifying array integrity, testing spare disks, and re-creating data on replacement disks

■

Change array configuration and delete arrays

This chapter explains how to start and exit the Administrator Utility and summarizes the options on the Main and System menus. Following chapters provide detailed instructions for using all options.

Note:

Before you start the Administrator utility, make sure

aha3980.dsk

the

New Server

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driver is installed. See

on page 6-9 for more information.

Installing NetWare on a

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Starting the Administrat o r Utility

To start the Administrator utility, follow these steps:

If the server is not running, start it.

At the server prompt, enter one of the following commands:

Enter load c:aruadmin if this is the first time you have run the Administrator Utility.

If no previously defined arrays are detected, the utility starts in setup mode. If one or more arrays have already been defined and if is added to the automatically copied over from the

arumon

autoexec.ncf

is not in

file and the utility suite is

autoexec.ncf, arumon

server.exe

directory.

Enter load aruadmin if this is the Administrator Utility.

not

the first time you have run

Exiting the Admini strator Utility

To exit the Administrator utility, follow these steps:

Esc

Press

Type y. You return to the server prompt.

until the following prompt appears:

Do you want to exit the Administrator? (y|n)

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Understanding the Administrator Utility

The Main and System Menus

The Administrator utility has two primary menus: the Main Menu, shown in Figure 7-21, and the System Menu, shown in Figure 7-22. If your system has only one array, the Main M enu appears when you start the Administrator utility. If your system ha s multiple arrays, the System Menu appears when you start the utility.

Main Menu For Array #1

Display Array Status Verify Functions Reconstruct Functions Format/Initialize Array

Convert RAID Level Change Array Configuration

Figure 7-21. Administrator Utility Main Menu

System Menu

Select Target Array Display Array Status Change Array Configuration Install Utility Suite

Scheduler Functions Reactivate Off-line Array Reactivate Spare Hardware Functions Install Utility Suite

Figure 7-22. Administrator Utility System Menu

Main Menu

The Main Menu lists the tasks you can perform for an individual array:

Display Array Status:

■

disks included in the array. For details, see

Information

Verify Functions:

■

on page 8-1.

rored arrays only). For details, see

Reconstruct Functions:

■

For details, see page 9-4.

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Display information on the array and on

Obtaining Array

Verify the data on the array (RAID 5 and mir-

Verifying Arrays

on page 9-1.

Re-create data on a replacement disk.

Reconstructing Data on a Replacement Disk

7-3

AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Format/Initialize Array :

■

Format or initialize an array for a

specified RAID level. For details, see Chapter 11,

Arrays

Convert RAID Level:

■

Switch between RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT formats. For information on why you might do this, see tions, see

RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT

on page 2-3. For instruc-

Converting between RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT

page 10-7.

Initializing

Change Array Configuration:

■

Array

on page 10-1). Change an existing array (see

an Array and Deinstalling NLMs Deleting a Spare Disk

on page 10-5). Delete an array (see

on page 10-10). Delete a spare (see

on page 10-7). Change who receives

broadcast messages (see

Add an array (see

Determining Who Receives Messages

Adding an

Modifying

Deleting Arrays

page 8-5). Change the frequen cy at which messages r epeat (see

Setting the Repeat Interv al for Err or Mes sages

the Adaptec array utilities (see

the sys:system Directory

Scheduler Functions:

■

on page 10-11).

Schedule the Reconstruct, Verify, and

Installing the Array Utilities in

on page 8-7). Install

Spare Te st functions to run automatically at a specified time or regular interval. For details, see

Reactivate Off-line Array:

■

line. For details, see

Reactivate Spare:

■

Reactivating an Off-line Array

This menu option is grayed out and is not

Scheduling Tasks

on page 9-7.

Restore to service an array that is of f-

on page 9-7.

selectable.

Hardware Functions:

■

Perform the following hardware-related tasks: Display the array that uses a specific drive; blink the drive light for a drive (helps you find a specific drive) ; a nd suspend activity on the host adapter channels used in an array (for drive boxes that require you to suspend SCSI bus activity before removing a drive). For details, see

Functions

on page 9-9.

Using the Hardware

Install Utility Suite

■

NetWare C: (see

sys:system

Installing the Array Utilities in the sys:system Directory

: Install the Adaptec array utilities in the

directory from the netware directory on

page 10-11). This option is also available from the Change Array Configuration Menu. The array utilities are normally installed automatically.

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Understanding the Administrator Utility

System Menu

If a server has more than one array, the System Menu appears when you start the Administrator utility. If you select the first option, a list of array names appears in a separate menu. If you select an array name, the Main Menu for that array appears, as shown in Figure 7-21. You select options in the Main Menu to perform tasks related to that array.

Select T

arget Array

The System Menu also has the D Array C same function as the Change Array C Main Menu. D all arrays on the system, not just a selected array.

The entries in the Array Status window are color-coded to indicate the status of the array. Green means the array is operational, red means the array is off-line, and yellow means one of the array drives is down.

onfiguration options. Change Array Configuration has the

isplay Array Status allows you to view the status of

isplay Array Status and Change

onfiguration option in the

Selecting Menu Options

Option names in most menus include a ter in color monitors, and a gray character in monochrome monitors. To select one of these options, just type the hot key. In the Main Menu in Figure 7-21, for example, the D has the hot key D; to select this option, type d. In this document, hot keys are indicated by an underlined character in the option name.

You can also select a menu option by pressing the ↑ and ↓ keys to highlight the option and then pressing have a hot key, use this method to select it.

Note:

If you have a monochrome monitor and the highlight bar is not visible, press mode.

Ctrl-B

hot key

—a light blue charac-

isplay Array Status option

Enter

. If an option does not

to change to monochrome

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Grayed Menu Opt ions

Grayed menu options are not selectable, usually because they do not apply to the chosen array. If an array has no failed drives, for example, the Reconstruct Functions option on the Main Menu is grayed, because no drives need to be reconstructed. Similarly, the Convert RAID Level option is always grayed for a mirrored array, because you cannot convert a mirrored array to another format.

Getting Help

You can display Help windows for most menus by pressing F1. As you highlight menu options, the Help windows automatically change to provide information about the highlighted option. To clear the Help windows, press F1 again.

❒

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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Monitoring Array Performance

The Administrator utility monitors the performance of the arrays and compiles statistics—for example, number of reads and writes and number of bad sectors reassigned—and lets you view this information at the server console. If you have the Adaptec CI/O software, you can also view the statistics at a remote workstation.

The Administrator utility also monitors arrays for problems, such as failed drives. If it detects a problem, it issues an alert. Use the Administrator utility to determine who receives the alerts and how often the alerts repeat onscreen. If the Adaptec CI/O software is installed at a remote workstation, the alerts appear there also.

Obtaining Array Information

You can display the following types of information for any array on a server:

■

An overview of the logical array characteristics (see Figure 8-

23)

■

An overview of physical array characteristics and any utilities running on the array (see Figure 8-24)

■

Performance statistics for an array and its drives

■

A list of all NetWare volumes on the selected array

8-1

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Overview for Array #1

Array Model = AHA-3980 Two Channel RAID on PCI Bus #1 Creation date = Tue Oct 4 11:11:57 1994 Array Type = Mirrored Array Physical Capacity = 515MB State = Fault-tolerant Drives = 2 Spare Drive Count = 1 Date of last Verify is Fri Jan 27 18:14. Date of last reconstruction is NEVER. Error message repeat interval is 15 minutes.

Figure 8-23. Overview Screen

Configuration for Array #1

Array Type = Mirrored Utility is 90% complete

Member 0 1 Spare0

SCSI ID

1 3 6

Channel

Drives = 2 Utility Running = Verify

Status A A B

UP UP UP

Figure 8-24. Configuration Screen

Priority = 0

Capacity

515MB 515MB 515MB

Side

Primary

Secondary

Mirror

#1 #0

Displaying Overview Information

To display the overview information for the array and the drives, follow these steps:

Start the Administrator utility. If the system has more than one array, the System Menu appears; otherwise, the Main Menu appears.

From either menu, select Menu appears.

Select one of the following options:

Display A

rray Overview

that shown in Figure 8-23.

Display Array D

rive Status:

that shown in Figure 8-24.

If in step 2 you selected from the System Menu, you can view information on the next array by pressing any key. Repeat this step to scroll through information screens for each array.

8-2

isplay Array Status

. The Status

: To view array information such as

To view drive information such as

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Monitoring Array Performance

At the last information screen, press any key to return to the Status Menu.

Press

Esc

to return to the System Menu or Main Menu.

Displaying Perfo rmance Stat is tics

To display the performance statistics for an array or the disks in an array, follow these steps:

If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select the array for which you want the statistics. The Main Menu for that array appears.

From the Main Menu, select Menu appears.

Display S

Select appears.

Select one of the following options:

emporary Array Statistics:

number of read requests and write requests.

Temporary Drive S

ber of reads, the number of writes, and the total sectors read from and written to.

Permanent D

errors that were corrected, successful retries, and reassigned blocks.

tatistics

tatistics:

rive Statistics:

Select T

isplay Array Status

. The Statistics Menu for that array

To display for the entire array the

T o display for each drive the num-

To display for each drive the

arget Array

. Then select

. The Status

When finished viewing the screen of statistics, press

play a pop-up menu and then select

Note:

Totals are reset to zero when an array is formatted or

when you reset the totals to zero (see

Statistics to Zero

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on page 8-4).

uit

Resetting the Temporary

Esc

to dis-

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Displaying Volume Information

To display volume information for an array, foll ow these steps:

If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select

Select T

the array for which you want the information. The Main Menu for that array appears.

From the Main Menu, select

isplay Array Status

Menu appears.

arget Array

. Then select

. The Status

Display Volume(s) on Array

Select

. The list of volumes for that

array appears.

When you have finished viewing the volume information , press

Esc

to display a pop-up menu and then select

uit

Changing the Data Sampling Rate

To develop the performanc e statistics, the a rrays a nd drives are sampled once per second. If this slows the driver performance when you use other programs, you can increase the sampling rate through either of the following methods:

■

Display the Statistics Menu for the array (see steps 1 through 3

Enter

Set

Displaying Performance Statistics

Sampling R

ate

. At the prompt that appears, type the new sam-

pling interval (in seconds) and press

■

At any screen displaying the statistics, press

pop-up menu, select

hange Sampling Rate

on page 8-3), and select

Enter

Esc

. At the prompt,

type the new sampling interval (in seconds) and press

. From the

Resetting the Temporary Statistics to Zero

The totals for the statistics are reset to zero when you format an array. You can rezero the temporary s tatistics at any other time through either of the following procedures:

■

Display the Statistics Menu for the array (see steps 1 through 3

Displaying Performance Statistics

set Temporary Statistics

■

At any screen displaying statistics, press menu, select

Reset S

tatistical Data

on page 8-3), and select

Esc

. From the pop-up

. When prompted to confirm,

type y to reset the statistics. Like the first method, this method

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Monitoring Array Performance

rezeros all temporary statistics (not just those displayed onscreen).

Saving the Statistics in the Log File

You can save the current statistics in the on this file, see

The Log File

on page 8-8). To do so, use either of the

aru.log

file (for information

following procedures:

■

Display the Statistics Menu for the array (see steps 1 through 3

Displaying Performance Statistics

Current Data Values

■

At any screen displaying statistics, press

menu, select

og Current Data Values

on page 8-3), and select

Esc

. From the pop-up

. Like the first method,

this saves all current values (not just those displayed onscreen).

Each time you save the statistics, they are appended to the

aru.log

file. They do not overwrite previously saved statistics.

Determining Who Receives Messages

The Administrator utility broadcasts messages when it detects a problem (for example, a failed drive) or when you change the message repeat interval. The following table lists the broadcast messages.

Broadcast Messages

Message Text Meaning

went off-line. The array is not responding. Verify that all

Array #

drives in the array have power and that all cables are properly connected. If the array still does not respond, drive(s) in the array may have failed.

Spare drive #

Message repeat interval changed from

minute(s).

of n failed Ready test. The spare did not respond to the signal

sent during the Spare Testing operation

Testing Sp are Disks

(see Verify that the drive has power and that all cables are properly connected. If the drive still does not respond, it may have failed.

A user has changed the interval at which error messages repeat onscreen (see

ting the Repeat Interval for Error Messages

on page 8-7).

on page 9-4).

Set-

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Broadcast Messages

Message Text Meaning

Drive #n of Adaptec disk array #n went DOWN.

Adaptec disk array monitor has lost contact with the array driver.

Spare for array # STARTUP.NCF not accessible.

not activated -

(Continued)

The drive is not responding. Verify that the drive has power and that all cables are properly connected. If the drive still does not respond, it may have failed.

The array monitor cannot find the array driver. This message appears if you unloaded the array driver, but not the array monitor. If you receive this message when the array driver is loaded, the array driver is not responding to the monitor. Restart the server and try again. If the driver still does not respond, call Adaptec Technical Support at the number listed on page ii.

The utility tried to modify the array load line

startup.ncf

in the status of the spare, but could not find the

startup.ncf

ident in memory. Restart the server and do

not

remove DOS; then restart the Adminis-

trator utility and try the procedure again.

file to reflect the changed

file. This means DOS is not res-

Messages can be broadcast to everyone o n the server con nection list, to selected persons on the connection list, or to no one. To choose who will receive messages, follow these steps:

From the System Menu or the Main Menu, select

Array C

Select

onfiguration

Change B

roadcast Mode

. The Broadcast Modes Menu

Change

appears. At the bottom of the screen, a status message indicates the current broadcast mode.

Select one of these options:

ot broadcast any messages:

Do n

To have messages appear

only at the server console.

Broadcast all messages to e

veryone on connection list:

have messages appear at the workstations of everyone on the server connection list.

Broadcast only to specified l

ocations:

To choose the worksta-

tions where the messages appear.

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Monitoring Array Performance

If you choose Administrator utility creates a file named

sys:system

Press any key to clear the message, then edit the file to enter the workstations where messages will appear . Each line in the file can have one name, which must be typed exactly as it appears in the server connection list. To specify connections named Ron, Gary, Eileen, Jim, Margaret, and Gerhar d, for example, the file appears as

Ron Gary Eileen Jim Margaret Gerhard

The number of lines in the

Note:

fied locations) apply to all arrays, even if you selected a specific array from the System Menu.

Broadcast only to specified l

directory. A message noting this appear s onscreen.

arubcast.lst

The locations you select (everyone, no one, or speci-

ocations

, the

arubcast.lst

file is unlimited.

in the

Setting the Repeat Interval for Error Messages

Error messages repeat onscr een every 15 minutes by default. Several beeps call your attention to the message. To change the interval at which the messages repeat, follow these steps:

From the System Menu or the Main Menu, select

Array C

Select cating the current repeat interval and prompting you to enter the new one.

Type the new repeat interval (in minutes) and press specify no repeats, enter 0.

This changes the interval for all error messages on all arrays, even if you selected a specific array from the System Menu. Y ou cannot select different intervals for different error messages or for diff er ent arrays.

onfiguration

Change Message Repeat C

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ycle

. A prompt appears, indi-

Change

Enter

. To

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

The Log File

The

aru.log

It is stored in the sage or have a problem with the arrays, check the log file to determine the sequence of events that led to the problem. This will help you troubleshoot the problem. You should periodically back up the log file and then delete it.

❒

file provides an audit trail of even ts and e rr or m essages.

sys:system

directory. If you receive an error mes-

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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Managing Arrays

Use the Administrator utility to verify array data, test spare disks, reconstruct data on replacement disks, and reactivating off-line arrays. The Administrator Utility’s Scheduler function lets you schedule most of these tasks to run automatically at a specified time or interval.

Verifying Arrays

Use the Administrator utility to verify the consistency of data on mirrored and RAID5 arrays. If a mirr ored or RAID 5 array becomes inconsistent, you lose data if a drive in the array fails. We recommend that you verify arrays after you set them up and at least weekly thereafter. Verification works as follows:

Mirrored arrays:

■

pared block by block with the data on the secondary drive. If data blocks do not match, the data block on the primary drive is copied to the secondary drive.

Data on the primary drive in a pair is com-

RAID 5 arrays:

■

blocks it represents. If an inconsistency is detected, the parity is updated to be consistent with the data blocks.

Note:

down.

Verification runs in the background, so you can continue your work while verification is under way .

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The parity data is compared with the data

You cannot verify an array that contains a disk that is

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Assigning a Priority

You assign verific ations a priorit y on the server. The priority, which can be 0 through 9, determines the proportion of verification I/O operations relative to other system I/O operations. At priority 1, 1 of 10 system I/O operations will be verification I/O operations; at priority 2, 2 of 10; at priority 3, 3 of 10; and so on. At priority 0, the lowest priority, verification I/O operations occur only when the system is free.

Verifying an Array Immediately

To verify an array immediately, follow these steps:

If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select the array you want to verify. The Main Menu for that array appears.

From the Main Menu, select Menu for that array appears.

erify Functions

. The Verify

Verification begins, and the Configuration screen for the array appears (see Figure 9-25). In that screen, the Utility Running field indicates that the verification is under way. A message on the second line indicates the percentage of verification that is complete.

Start V

Select Enter background priority (0-9) appears.

Indicate the priority by typing a number from 0 through 9 (0 assigns it the lowest priority; 9, the highest).

Note:

isplay Array Status

then selecting

The Verify utility also tracks verifications, displaying a status bar that indicates the percentage completed. To display the status bar,

Alt-Esc

press bar even if you exit the Administrator utility.

erify

. At the bottom of the screen, the prompt

If you exit this screen, you can redisplay it by selecting

from the System or Main Menu, and

Display Array D

until the status bar appears. You can display the status

rive Status

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Managing Arrays

Configuration for Array #1

Array Type = Mirrored Utility is 90% complete

Member 0 1 Spare0

SCSI ID

Figure 9-25. Configuration Screen, Showing Percentage of Verification Completed

Channel 1 3 6

Drives = 2 Utility Running = Verify

Status A A B

UP UP UP

Priority = 0

Capacity

515MB 515MB 515MB

Side

Primary

Secondary

Mirror

#1 #0

While Verify runs, the logical block addresses (LBAs) of any repaired data blocks appear onscreen. If no bad blocks were repaired, no message appears. In formation on repair ed blocks is a lso recorded in the

Note:

aru.log

file (see

By default, the Administrator utility corrects parity

The Log File

on page 8-8).

data automatically. To disable automatic correction, change the Auto-Correct flag in the

sary of RAID Software

on page C-1 for details.

aru.ini

file from y to n. See

Glos-

Verifying an Array at a Scheduled Time

Use the Scheduler to automate verifications and ensure they are done at regular intervals. For details, see

Scheduling Tasks

on page 9-7.

Canceling a Verification

You can cancel a verification while it is under way, using either of the following procedures:

■

From the Verify Menu, select

■

At the status bar screen, press

appears, select

bort

. An onscreen message confirms that the verification was aborted. To cancel a scheduled verification, delete it from the schedule. For

instructions, see

Deleting a Scheduled Task

bort Verify

Esc

. From the menu that

on page 9-9.

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Changing the Priority of a Verification in Progress

If a verification is slowing other server operations unacceptably, you can lower the priority of the verification on the server. You can also speed a verification by increasing its priority. Change the priority at either the Verify Menu or at the screen showing the Verify status bar:

■

From the Verify Menu, select appears, indicating the current priority and asking for the new priority . Type a number from 0 through 9, where 0 is the lowest priority.

■

From the Verify status bar screen, press that appears, select a new priority, type a number from 0 through 9, where 0 is the lowest priority.

Verificatio n co ntinues automatically, running at the new priority.

Change P

riority

. A prompt

Esc

. From the menu

. When prompted to select

Testing Spare Disks

Routinely test any spare disks in an array—we recommend daily testing. In this quick test, the Administrator utility sends a signal to the spare and checks whether the disk responds. The test involves no physical testing of the disk surfa c e.

To test spare disks, use the Scheduler . Instructions are in

Tasks

on page 9-7.

Note:

If a test fails, the message Spare drive #

Ready test appears onscreen. Verify that the drive has

power and that the cables are pr operly connected; th en retry the test. If the test still fails, the drive may have failed.

Scheduling

of m failed

Reconstructing Data on a Replacement Disk

If you replace a failed disk in a mirrored or RAID 5 array, use the Administrator utility to reconstruct the data on the replacement disk (you cannot rec onstr uct data in a RAID0 array). RAID 5 data is reconstructed from the user and parity data on the good disks. RAID 1 data is copied from the other disk in the mirrored pair. Data is reconstructed in the background, allowing you to continue working.

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Managing Arrays

Note:

If your drive enclosure requires that all host adapter activity stop while you replace a drive, use Hot Swap Pause. For details, see

Disks

on page 9-11.

Pausing Host Ad a pte r A ctivity When Replacing

Reconstructing the Data Immediately

You can reconstruct data immediately or schedule it to be reconstructed at a specified time. To reconstruct the data immediately, follow these steps:

If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select the array containing the replacement disk. The Main Menu for that array appears.

From the Main Menu, select Reconstruct Menu for that array appears. Menu options that do not apply to that array type are gray, indicating you cannot select them. If the array is mirrored, for example, you can select only Re-mirror Single Drive or Re-mirror all DOWN Drives.

Select the option you want. A new screen appears, displaying the current drive statistics for that array. At the bottom of the screen, a prompt asks you to assign a priority to the operation.

econstruct Functions

. The

Indicate the priority by typing a number from 0 through 9, where 0 indicates the lowest priority. Another prompt appears, asking you to confirm you wa nt to continue.

Type y to continue, or n to cancel the operation.

As reconstruction begins, the Configuration screen for the array appears (this is similar to the screen in Figure 9-25). A message on the second line indicates the percentage of reconstruction completed.

Note:

If you exit this screen, you can redisplay it by selecting

isplay Array Status

then selecting

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Display Array D

from the System or Main Menu, and

rive Status

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

The Reconstruct utility also tracks reconstructions, displaying a status bar that indicates the percentage completed. To display the status bar, press

Alt-Esc

until the status bar appears.

Reconstructing the Data at a Scheduled Time

Because reconstructing data may slow a system, you may want to schedule this operation for a time when system use is light. You can use the Scheduler to start reconstructing the data automatically at a specified time. For details, see

Scheduling Tasks

on page 9-7.

Canceling Reconstruction

You can cancel reconstruction while it is underway by using either of the following procedures:

■

From the Reconstruct Menu, select

bort Reconstruct

■

At the Reconstruct status bar scr een, press

that appears, select

bort

Esc

. From the menu

An onscreen message confirms that the operation was aborted. To cancel a scheduled operation, delete it from the schedule. For

instructions, see

Deleting a Scheduled Task

on page 9-9.

Changing the Priority for Reconstructing Data

As with verifying data, you can change the priority assigned to reconstructing data while the operation is under way. Use one of the following methods:

■

From the Reconstruct Menu, select

Change P

appears, indicating the current priority and asking for the new priority . Type a number from 0 through 9, where 0 is the lowest priority.

■

From the status bar screen, press appears, select

Change P

riority

Esc

. From the menu that

. When prompted to select a new priority, type a number from 0 through 9, where 0 is the lowest priority.

The operation continues automatically, running at the new priority.

riority

. A prompt

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Managing Arrays

Reactivating an Off-line Array

An array goes off-line if the power fails or if someone removes a second disk when one has already been removed. To reactivate an offline array, follow these steps:

If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select the array you want to reactivate. The Main Menu for that array appears.

From the Main Menu, select prompt appears, asking you to confirm that you want to reactivate the array.

Type y to reactivate the array, or n to cancel the operation.

Reactivate Off-line A

rray

. A

Scheduling Tasks

The Scheduler lets you schedule the following tasks:

■

Verifying mirrored and RAID 5 arrays

■

Testing spare disks

■

Reconstructing data on a replacement disk

If you use the Scheduler to schedule verifications, all arrays are verified. To verify only one array, follow the procedure given in

Arrays

on page 9-1.

Scheduling a Tas k

Follow these steps to schedule a task:

If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select the array for which you want to schedule a task. The Main Menu for that array appears.

From the Main Menu, select Menu appears.

cheduler Functions

V erifying

. The Scheduler

Schedule V

Select

Spare T

esting

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erify, Schedule Reconstruct

. A second Scheduler Menu appears.

Schedule

, or

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Select one of these options:

Schedule Task to Run O

time.

Schedule C

intervals.

Test N

T esting): To test the spare immediately . If you select this option, you are finished—ignore the remaining steps.

If you select Schedule Cyclic Task, the Task Schedule Intervals Menu appears. Select one of these options:

Schedule W

Depending on the options you selected, you are prompted for one or more of the following: day of week, time of day, and hourly interval when you want the task to run:

To enter a day of the week:

–

and press and press

To enter a time of day:

–

ple, 01:30) and press leading zeroes before single-digit numbers. For 2:05 a.m., for example, enter 02:05; for 2:05 p.m., enter 14:05.

To enter an interval:

–

leading zero before single-digit numbers—and press To specify an interval of 8 hours, for example, enter 08.

yclic Task:

(appears only if you selected Schedule Spare

eekly

, or

Enter Enter

nce:

To schedule the task for a single

To schedule the task to run at regular

Schedule D

Other

T ype the first three letters of its name

. To enter Monday, for example, type mon . You can use upper or lower case letters.

Type the hour and minutes (for exam-

Enter

. Use a 24-hour clock, and use

Type the interval in hours—using a

aily

Enter

If you are scheduling a verification, a new menu appears.

In P

arallel

to have all arrays verified at the same time, or

to have the arrays verified in sequence.

Note:

Verifying arrays in parallel usually slows your

system more than verifying them in series.

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9-8

Select

erially

Managing Arrays

Changing the Schedule

To change the schedule for a task, follow the procedure given in

Scheduling a Task

(beginning on page 9-7), entering the information for the new schedule. The new schedule automatically replaces the old schedule for that task.

Deleting a Scheduled Task

You can delete a scheduled task by following these steps:

If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select the array for which you want to schedule a task. The Main Menu for that array appears.

From the Main Menu, select

cheduler Functions

. The Sched-

uler Menu appears.

Select

UnS

nschedule Verify, Unschedule Reconst ruct

chedule Spare Testing

, or

Using the Hardware Functions

The Hardware Functions opti on provides tools for

■

Identifying the array that uses a specific drive

■

Identifying the location of a selected drive by blinking the light on the front panel of the drive

■

Suspending host adapter activity while you replace drives in an array

Identifying the Allocation of Host Adapter Drives

You can quickly identify where each host adapter drive is used by selecting the Display Host Adapter Drives option. This option lets you display for every drive the following information:

■

The array that contains the drive

■

The ordinal number of the drive in the array

To display the information, follow these steps:

If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select appears.

any

array. The Main Menu

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AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

From the Main Menu, select

ardware Functions

Display Host A

Select Figure 9-26 appears

ADAPTEC AHA-3980

Bus #1

Channel A

Channel B

Tab = Select channel Up/Dn Arrow = Select drive

Figure 9-26. Displaying Information about Arrays and Drives

In the menu at the left of the screen, press the

dapter Drives.

A screen similar to that in

Adaptec Disk Array Administrator

SCSI IDs on Channel

#0 QUANTUM LPS34 335MB

#1 CONNER CFA540 537MB

#2 CONNER CFA540 537MB #3 CONNER CFA540 537MB

Array #1, Member #0

Tab

key to highlight the host adapter channel whose drives you want to display. The drives for that channel appear to the right, in the SCSI IDs on Channel Menu.

Press the ↑ and ↓ keys to highlight the drive names. As you highlight each drive name, the array information fo r that drive appears in the window at the right of the screen.

Locating a Drive

If you are not sure which drive corresponds to drive information displayed onscreen, you can use the Blink Drive Lights option to locate the drive. Note the number of the array that contains the drive, then follow these steps to blink the drive light:

If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select the array that uses the drive. The Main Menu for that array appears.

From the Main Menu, select

Select

link Drive Lights

selected array appears (see Figure 9-25 on page 9-3).

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ardware Functions

. The Configuration screen for the

Managing Arrays

Use the ↑ and ↓ keys to select the drive you want to identify. The selected drive is denoted by an arrow to the left of the drive number (the first column on the screen).

To blink the drive light for the selected drive, press blinking icon appears to the right of the drive number, and the drive light itself starts blinking.

To stop blinking the drive light, press

Enter

again.

Enter

. A

Pausing Host Adapter Activity When Replacing Disks

Some drive enclosures allow you to remove and replace drives while SCSI bus activity continues; others do not. If your drive enclosure does not (check the documentation for the enclosure), use the Hot Swap Pause option before you remove or replace any drives in an array. Hot Swap Pause suspends activity on all SCSI buses (hos t adapter channels) used in the array, thereby assuring data integrity on the connected drives and arrays.

To use Hot Swap Pause, follow these steps:

If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select the array containing the disk you are removing. The Main Menu for that array appears.

From the Main Menu, select appears, asking you to confirm you w ant to continue.

Note:

If you continue, activity to array drives and to

non-array drives on the same SCSI bus will be paused.

Hot Swap P

ause

. A prompt

To continue, type y. Otherwise, type n.

While SCSI bus activity is paused, the server beeps to remind you to replace the drive and resume activity. When you have replaced the drive, resume SCSI bus activity by pressing any key at the Administrator utility screen.

❒

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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Changing Array Configurations

This chapter explains how to

■

Add up to four arrays to the server

■

Modify an array by changing the RAID level, the drives in the array, or the number of spares

■

Convert a RAID 0 CVT array to a RAID 5 CVT array and vice versa

■

Delete one or more arrays from the server

Adding an Ar ray

To add a new nonbootable array, follow these steps:

From the System Me nu or the Main Menu, select

Array C

Select highlight an existing array, information on its configuration appears to the right of the Selection List Menu, as illustrated in Figure 10-27.

onfiguration

dd an Array

Note:

Do not

existing arrays. Instead, see page 10-5 for instructions.

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. The Selection List Menu appears. If you

use the Add an Array option to modify

Modifying an Array

Change

10-1

AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide

Selection List

Adaptec Array #1

Adaptec Array #2 Adaptec Array #3 Adaptec Array #4

Up/Dn Arrow = Select array Enter = Configure array Esc = Done

Adaptec Array #1

Type=Mirrored Drive

Channel #0 #1

Spare #0

A A

Channel

Figure 10-27. Viewing Array Configuration Information

From the Selection List Menu, select the array you want to add. The Select Array Type Menu appears in the upper left corner of the screen.

Select the array type:

RAID0, M

IRRORED

, or

RAID5

RAID Boards Menu appears. If you select RAID 5 or RAID 0, a screen appears asking you if

you want to make the array convertible between RAID 5 and RAID 0. Read the onscreen explanation and select y or n.

Select the host adapter you want to use. A prompt appears, asking how many drives the array will contain,

excluding

spares.

ID 0 3

ID 6

. The

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Adaptec AHA-3980, AHA-3985, AHA-3980W, AHA-3985W User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

User’s Guide

AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W

User’s Guide

1 Getting Started

PART 1: Learning the Basics

2 Array Basic s

Contents

3 Understanding the Adaptec RAID Software

PART 2: Setting Up Arrays

6 Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers

PART 3: Managing Arrays

7 Understanding the Administrator Utility

8 Monitorin g A rray Performance

9 Managing Arrays

10 Changing Array Configu rations

11 Initi alizing Arrays

12 Working from a Remote Workstation

PART 4: Advanced Hardware Topics

A Hardware Troublesho otin g

B Software Error Messages C Glossary of RAID Software

Getting Started

System Requirements

Hardware/Firmware

Software

Using This Document

Conventions

Advisories

Part 1

Learning the Basics

Array Basics

Array Types

RAID 0 (Striped Disks)

RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT

Disk Requirements

Number of Disks in an Array

Mixing Disks fr om Differ ent Manufacturer s or with Different Capacities

Mixing Disks on Different RAID Adapter Channels

Understanding the Adaptec RAID Software

Adaptec Initial Array Configuration Utility

The Administrato r Utility

The Adaptec CI/O Software

The Copy Drivers Utility

DOS and NetWare Device Drivers

Multiple Independent Channels

Standard SCSI and SCSI-2 Features

Synchr onous and Asynchronous Data Transfers

NetWare and DOS Support

Supported SCSI Devices

Devices Supported under NetWare

Part 2

Setting Up Arrays

Figure 5-2. AHA-3980W/3985W Board Layout

Remove the cover from the computer case.

Connecting SCSI Devices

Choosing SCSI Cables

Connecting Internal SCSI Devices

Figure 5-5. Internal SCSI Ribbon Cable to Internal SCSI Device

Figure 5-6. Connecting a Second Internal SCSI Device

Connecting External SCSI Devices

Figure 5-8. External Cable to External SCSI Device

Figure 5-9. Daisy Chaining External SCSI Devices

Terminating the SCSI Bus

Terminating Channels B and C

Remove the terminator, or disable termination, on all other SCSI devices on the channel.

Figure 5-10. Termination on SCSI Channel B or C

Terminating Channel A

Figure 5-11. Internal and External Devices on SCSI Channel A

Setting SCSI IDs and Preparing a Boot Device

Connecting the SCSI Bus Activity Light

Figure 5-12. SCSI LED Connector

Installing Multiple Ada pters

Sharing SCSI Devices with a Second Computer

Figure 5-13. SCSI Devices Shared by Two Computers

Replace and secure the cover of the computer case.

Reconnect the power cords to all e xte rnal SCSI devices a nd th e computer.

Turn ON the computer.