Although ACR strives for accuracy in all its publications; this material may contain errors or
omissions, and is subject to change without prior notice. ACR shall not be made liable for any
specific, indirect, incidental or consequential damages as a result of its use. ACR
components may only be used in safety of life devices or systems, with the express written
approval of ACR, as the failure of such components could cause the failure of the ACR
device or system. If these fail, it is reasonable to assume that the safety of the user or other
persons may be endangered.
Copying of this document, and giving it to others and the use or communication of the contents
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Toute communication ou reproduction de ce document, toute exploitation ou communication
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terceros. De los infractores se exigirá el correspondiente resarcimiento de daños y perjuicios.
GlobalWatch
TM
UAIS Installation Manual IVersion 1.0
GLOBALWATCHTM UAIS Installation Manual
Y1-03-0177A
Index Page Number
GENERAL INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1
1
1.1DESCRIPTION OF AIS................................................................................................................ 1
1.2AIS IN AN OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................ 2
Comments
Dimensional drawings as Annex
Wheelmark Certificate as Annex
Amendments for:
Power consummation,
Troubleshooting, grounding, external
fuse, battery calculation in Appendix
Responsible
A. Lesch
B. Werner
GlobalWatch
TM
UAIS Installation Manual IVVersion 1.0
1 General Introduction
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1.1 Description of AIS
What does the abbreviation AIS stand for?
AIS stands for:
“Automatic Identification System”
What is AIS?
According to IALA regulations, AIS is defined as follows:
Very simply, the AIS is a broadcast Transponder system, operating in the VHF maritime
mobile Band. It is capable of sending ship information such as identification, position
course, speed and more, to other ships and to shore. It can handle multiple reports at
rapid update rates and uses Self-Organizing Time Division Multiple Access (SOTDMA)
technology to meet these high broadcast rates and ensure reliable and robust ship to ship
operation.
What are the performance standards of AIS?
The IMO defines the performance standards as follows:
- Ship to Ship working
- Ship to Shore working, including Long Range Application
- Automatic and continuous operation
- Provision of information messaging
- Utilization of maritime VHF channels
Which modules make up an AIS-Transponder?
The Modules:
- DGPS / GPS receiver
- VHF Radio
- Antenna
- Computer (CPU)
- Power Supply
Appropriate application software connects the individual modules.
In which modes does AIS function?
AIS is required to function flawlessly in a variety of modes. The relevant regulations require:
The system shall be capable of
- An "autonomous and continuous" mode for operation in all areas. This mode
- An "assigned" mode for operation in an area subject to a competent authority
- A "polling or controlled" mode, where the data transfer occurs in response to
shall be capable of being switched to/from one of the following alternate modes by
a competent authority;
responsible for traffic monitoring such that the data transmission interval and/or
time slots may be set remotely by that authority;
interrogation from a ship or competent authority.
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UAIS Installation Manual 1Version 1.0
1.2 AIS in an Operational Environment
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This illustration depicts a typical AIS System, where two or more AIS
equipped vessels (and shore based systems) are automatically
communicating with each other.
On the bottom, a typical GlobalWatch
shown. The GlobalWatch
TM
UAIS is connected to the vessels emergency power supply,
TM
UAIS installation in a common environment is
and in connection with the VHF, and GPS-Antennas, the minimal requirements for
Transponder operation are fulfilled.
Both vessels in the above illustration are equipped with a GlobalWatch
TM
UAIS (or any
other certified AIS-Transponder). Due to “Time – Synchronization” they use the same
organization of free and allocated windows (Slots) in the shared VHF Data Link (this
method is called “Self Organized Time Division Multiple Access”) to send and receive
messages.
Without the necessity of any active interaction, both vessels know exactly who or what is
cruising nearby and where the individual object is heading.
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UAIS Installation Manual 2Version 1.0
1.3 AIS Networks
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The scenario below shows a full AIS coverage area (including all derivates and complete
shore infrastructure).
The Carriage Requirement currently applies exclusively to SOLAS Vessels, but following the
current international discussions on maritime security; it is common understanding that other
possible AIS users will follow very soon. Shore Based infrastructure will be among the first
groups to become AIS equipped.
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UAIS Installation Manual 3Version 1.0
1.4 Carriage Requirement
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1.4.1 Chapter V (Safety of Navigation) Regulation 19, of the SOLAS Convention.
IMO regulations require sea vessels from a size of 300 GT in international and 500 GT in
national waters to be equipped with an AIS-Transponder. The implementation of this
legislation began on 1. July 2002 and will be enforced in the following stages:
• July 2002 for all vessels built from this period onwards
• July 2003 for all passenger ships and all tankers which were built before 1. July 2002
• July 2004 for all ships of 50.000 GT and above which were built before 1. July 2002
• July 2005 for all ships from 10.000 GT up to under 50.000 which were built before
1. July 2002
• July 2006 for all ships from 3.000 GT up to under 10,000 which were built before
1. July 2002
• July 2007 for all ships from 300 GT up to under 3.000 which were built before
1. July 2002
• July 2008 for all other ships which do not travel in international waters and were built
before July 2002
In some cases, exemptions may be granted to such ships, which will be taken off sea within 2
years of legislation coming into effect.
Refer to IMO Recommendation ITU-R M.1371-1 and IALA-AIS-Guidelines
1.4.2 Accelerated Implementation of AIS:
ANNEX
AMENDMENTS TO THE TO THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF
LIFE AT SEA, 1974 AS AMENDED CHAPTER V - SAFETY OF NAVIGATION
Regulation 19 - Carriage requirements for ship borne navigational Systems and equipment
states:
1 The existing subparagraphs .4, .5 and .6 of paragraph 2.4.2 are replaced by the
following:
“4 in the case of ships, other than passenger ships and tankers,
of 300 gross tonnage and upwards, but less than 50.000 gross tonnage, not
later than the first safety equipment survey' after 1 July 2004 or by 31
December 2004, whichever occurs earlier; and”
2 The following new sentence has been added at the end of the existing subparagraph
7 of paragraph 2.4;
“Ships fitted with AIS shall maintain AIS in operation at all times except where
international agreements, rules or standards provide for the protection of
navigational information.”
Refer to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS), held at
IMO, 9-13 December 2002
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2 GLOBALWATCHTM UAIS
2.1 System Overview
Unlike other AIS devices, the GlobalWatch
cabinet. Additionally, the GlobalWatch
features (easy mounting & installation, environmental protection, smallest dimensions).
TM
TM
UAIS combines all required functions into one
UAIS gives the operator a number of additional
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TM
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3 Installation
3.1 Installation Requirements
General Requirements
Please note that international conventions, regulations, instructions and guidelines have to be
adhered to when installing the GlobalWatch
The following points must be observed before installation can commence:
- Permission by the local authority to install such a device must be granted.
- Trained service personnel must undertake the installation.
- The GlobalWatch
TM
UAIS must be fitted in a suitable place on the bridge.
- The VHF and GPS Antennas must be installed in a suitable position, where excellent
reception conditions apply (refer to Chapter 3.10 Installation of VHF antenna – page
17)
- All available interfaces must be installed.
- The vessels power supply must suffice, and the GMDSS power supply has to be
used.
- Installation of the pilot plug in conning position (close to the pilot working place).
3.2 Installation Overview
Survey
AIS is considered part of the ship’s radio station and is surveyed together with radio
installation. Surveys on SOLAS Convention ships should be carried out in accordance with
the rules laid down in IMO Res. A 746(18) "Survey Guidelines under the harmonised system
of survey and certification" (R) 8, and "Protocol of 1988 relating to the International
Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974."
The GlobalWatch
TM
UAIS consists of one unit, which integrates all necessary modules.
TM
UAIS.
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TM
UAIS Installation Manual 6Version 1.0
Step-by-Step Installation Procedure:
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• Mount the GlobalWatch
TM
UAIS close to ships operator workstation for traffic
surveillance and maneuvering.
• Use the VHF adapter cable together with the VHF plug and TNC plug to
connect the VHF and GPS antenna cables as well as the antennas.
• The sensors, ECDIS, PC, pilot case, long range devices and auxiliary displays can be
connected to the GlobalWatch
TM
UAIS cabinet by the AIS cable respectively the
connection box. The device is driven by a 24V DC 7A supply, which is connected to
the power terminal at the connection box. The AIS should be connected to an
emergency power source. A battery capacity calculation together with GMDSSequipment is needed! Please refer to Appendix 9.1 for examples of battery capacity
calculations.
• After performing these steps, the GlobalWatch
TM
• The GlobalWatch
UAIS has a ground terminal which has to be connected to ship
TM
UAIS automatically starts operation.
ground.
• Now configure the required initial system parameters according to Chapter 4 “Starting
the GlobalWatch
TM
UAIS” on page 20.
Connection Diagram
GPS VHF
Combined Antenna GPS/VHF
GlobalWatch
TM
UAIS
Ground
GPS/VHF Interface Cable
AIS Cable
Cable Integrated Splitter
Fuse
Connection Box
Note: The ACR connection box includes a fuse of 6,3A. If it is not used, then the Unit has to
be protected against high current by an external slow blow fuse of 6,3A!
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UAIS Installation Manual 7Version 1.0
Components and Interfaces
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The diagram below illustrates which devices can be connected to the GlobalWatch
TM
UAIS.
For a detailed description of sensor connecting e.g. an existing Gyro to the GlobalWatch
UAIS refer to Chapter 3 “Sensor Installation” on page 13.
TM
3.3 General Interface Description
Interface DesignationSpeed Direction
Sensor 1 CH 1 4800bps or 38400bps Input
Sensor 2 CH 2 4800bps or 38400bps Input
Sensor 3 CH 3 4800bps or 38400bps Input
ECDIS CH 4 38400bps Input/Output
PILOT CH 5 38400bps Input/Output
LONG RANGE CH 8 38400bps Input/Output
DGPS (RTCM SC104) CH 9 9600bps Input/Output
ALARM CIRCUIT CH 10 Dry relay contact (power off and alarm state closed)
Datum Reference 1
GNSS satellite Fault Detection 1 - 5
Global Positioning System Fix Data 1 - 7; 10
Geographic Position – Latitude/Longitude 1 - 7
GNSS Fix Data 1 - 7
Heading, True 1
Own Ship Data 1 - 6; 9
Recommended Minimum Specific GNSS Data 1 – 6; 9; 12
Rate Of Turn 1 - 2
Dual Ground/Water Speed 4 - 6
Course Over Ground and Ground Speed 1; 5; 7; 9
Direction
UAIS Addressed and binary broadcast acknowledgement out
AIS Channel assignment message in / out
Acknowledge Alarm in
UAIS Interrogation Request in
Set Alarm State out
UAIS Addressed binary and safety related message in
UAIS Broadcast Binary Message in
Digital Selective Calling Information out
Expanded Digital Selective Calling out
DSC Transponder Initialize out
DSC Transponder Response out
UAIS Long-Range Interrogation out
UAIS Long-Range Function out
Station Static Data in
Text Transmission out
Voyage Static Data in
UAIS VHF Data-link Message out
UAIS VHF Data-link Own-vessel report out
Used Fields
All fields are provided
for Input and Output.
For detailed information
please refer to
IEC 61993-2 / NMEA
0183 HS V3.0 for
detailed field
information.
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UAIS Installation Manual 9Version 1.0
3.4.3 PILOT Port CH 5
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The used sentence Formatters are the same as before described at the ECDIS Port.
Note:
A pilot input/output port is part of an AIS Class A station. A plug connected to this port should
be installed on the bridge near the pilot’s operating position so that a pilot can connect a
Personal Pilot Unit (PPU) if required. Also a power connector for the Pilot Unit should be
available nearby.
The pilot plug should be configured as follows: (Refer to SUB-COMMITTEE ON SAFETY OF
NAVIGATION NAV48/18 2.4.2002)
• AMP/Receptacle (Square Flanged (-1) or Free-Hanging (-2)), Shell size 11, 9-pin,
Std. Sex 206486-1/2 or equivalent with the following terminations:
- Tx A (out-) is connected to Pin 1
- Tx B (out+) is connected to Pin 4
- Rx A (in-) is connected to Pin 5
- Rx B (in+) is connected to Pin 6
- Shield is connected to Pin 9
3.4.4 LONG RANGE CH 8
The AIS long-range function requires a compatible long-range communication system (e.g.
Inmarsat-C or MF/HF radio as part of GMDSS) - a connection between this communication
system and the Class A mobile unit is possible.
This connection is required in order to activate the LR function of the AIS. Its input/output port
must meet the IEC 61162-2 requirements.
Field Information:
All Fields are provided for Input and Output.
For detailed information please refer to
IEC 61993-2 / NMEA 0183 HS V3.0 for detailed field
information.
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UAIS Installation Manual 10Version 1.0
3.4.5 DGPS – DGNSS Channel 9
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Field / Protocol information:
All Fields are provided, for detailed information please refer to
ITU-R M.823-2 / RTCM SC 104 for detailed field information.
3.4.6 ALARM CIRCUIT – BIIT Channel 10
The AIS requires that an alarm output (relay) must be connected to an audible alarm device
or the ships alarm system, if available.
Alternatively, the BIIT (built-in integrity test) alarm system may use the alarm messages
output on the presentation port (ECDIS Port Channel 5), provided the ECDIS alarm system is
connected and AIS compatible.
3.4.7 Proprietary Sentences
The proprietary ACR NMEA sentences have the NMEA registered manufacture talker ID
“NAU”. The $PNAU sentences are an addition to the standard sentences and offer other
manufactures full remote control to the transponder. The NMEA Interface developer’s manual
includes the full description of how to use the proprietary ACR manufacturer sentences.
List of ACR related proprietary sentences:
Proprietary NMEA-Sentences $PNAU
MID – Mobile (MMS) Id
ASD – Advanced Ship Data
RCS – Read Configuration Settings
CPW – Check Password
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UAIS Installation Manual 11Version 1.0
3.5 Sensor notes
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External Sensor
The AIS has interfaces (configurable as IEC 61162-1 or 61162-2) for position, bottom track
(BT) speed, heading and rate of turn (ROT) sensors. In general, sensors installed in
compliance with other carriage requirements of SOLAS Chapter V should be connected to
the AIS System.*1. The sensor information transmitted by AIS should be the same
information being used for navigation of the ship. Interfacing problems might occur if the
existing on board sensors do not have serial (IEC 61162) outputs. A converter is needed to
translate the non conform data to IEC 61162 – sensor data. For Example Raytheon Nav
Data Repeater 133-812
*1)
The fact that AIS is fitted on board a vessel does NOT entail the need to install additional sensors
other that those stated in the carriage requirements.
External GPS
GNSS position sensors normally have IEC 61162 outputs suitable for direct AIS interfacing.
However, it is important to note that:
• The Geodetic Datum of the position data is transmitted by the sensor in WGS84 so that an
IEC 61162 DTM sentence is configured.
• AIS is able to process two reference points for it’s antenna position, one for external, and
one for an internal sensor. If more than one external reference point is used, the appropriate
information needs to be input to the AIS, so that the reference point information is suitably
adjusted.
External Heading
A gyrocompass providing heading information is a mandatory sensor input to the AIS. A
converter unit (synchro or step-signal converter to NMEA 0183 v.3.0 for example Raytheon
converter type: 133-812) will be needed for AIS connection in the case that the ship’s
gyrocompass does not provide IEC 61162 output.
External Speed and Course
If a bottom track (BT)-log for speed over the ground (SOG) is available, it may be connected.
A converter (for example Raytheon converter type: 133-812) is needed if the BT-log does not
provide IEC 61162 outputs
External Rate of Turn
Not all ships will carry a Rate-Of-Turn (ROT) indicator according to IMO A.526. However, if a
rate-of-turn indicator is available and it includes an IEC 61162 interface, it should be
connected to the AIS.
If ROT information is not available from a ROT indicator, it may (optionally) be derived from
heading information through:
• The gyrocompass itself,
• An external converter unit (see Heading),
• The AIS itself (calculated ROT).
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3.6 Sensor Installation
3.6.1 Signal state definitions
The idle, marking, logical 1, OFF or stop bit state is defined by a negative voltage on line A
with respect to line B, as in IEC 61162-1.
The active, spacing, logical 0, ON or start bit state is defined by a positive voltage on line A
with respect to line B, as in IEC 61162-1.
3.6.2 Talker drive circuits
The drive circuit meets the requirements of ITU-T V.11. The maximum output current is
I
= 50mA on each port.
max
3.6.3 Listener receive circuits
Multiple listeners may be connected to a single talker. The listener's receive circuit complies
with ITU-T V.11. Optional termination resistors (120Ohm) for the Input-lines are provided in
the Connection Box. The input terminals A, B and C are electrically isolated from the
remaining electronics of the listening device.
The input impedance is 30kOhm between A and B lines without the termination resistors. The
minimum input voltage is ±0,3V.
3.6.4 Electrical isolation
Within a listener there are no direct electrical connection between the signal lines A and B,
the signal ground C or the shield to ship's mains ground or power line. This isolation is in
accordance with IEC 60945.
3.6.5 Maximum voltage on the bus
The maximum applied voltage between signal lines A and B and between either line and
ground C is in accordance with ITU-T V.11. For protection against miswiring and for
unintended connection to earlier TALKER designs, all receive circuit devices are capable of
withstanding 15 V between both lines and signal ground for an indefinite period.
3.6.6 Data transmission
Data is transmitted in serial asynchronous form in accordance with 1.2. The first bit is a start
bit and is followed by data bits, least-significant-bit first.
The following parameters are used:
– baud rate 38 400 (bits/s) resp. 4 800 (bits/s)
– data bits 8 (D7 = 0), parity none;
– stop bits 1.
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UAIS Installation Manual 13Version 1.0
3.7 Sensor installation example:
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3.7.1 Installation of an RS422 serial interface:
Each Interface on the Transponder is a RS422 serial interface!
Shields
A
B
C (GND)
Talker (e.g.: GPS)
A
B
C (GND)
Listener (AIS)
A
B
C (GND)
Listener
3.7.2 Data format:
The talker provides the following data (NMEA 0183 HS V3.0):