3Ware Escalade 6400, Escalade 6000, Escalade 6800, Escalade 6410, Escalade 6200 User Manual

...

Escalade

Storage Switch

Supports the 6000 and 7000 series

PN 720-0034-02, Revision C

March 8, 2002

©2002 3ware, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the proper written consent of 3ware, Inc., 701 East Middlefield Road, Suite 300, Mountain View CA 94043.

Trademarks

3ware, the 3ware logo, Palisade, Escalade, StorSwitch, Tw inS t or, R5 Fusion and 3DM are all registered trademarks of 3ware, Inc. All other trademarks herein are property of their respective owners.

Disclaimer

3ware, Inc. assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in thi s document, nor does 3ware, Inc. make any commitment to update the information contained her ein.

Contents

Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Escalade 6000 Family (includes 6800, 6400, 6410, 6200) . . .1 Escalade 7000 Family (includes 7210, 7810, 7410, 7850,

7450) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Package contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Tools required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

System requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

Personal safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

Protecting equipment and data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

ESD precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Mechanical concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Quick Installation Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Step 1. Install the Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Step 2. Create Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Step 3. Install System Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Step 4. RAID Array Background Initialization Process . . . . . .15

Step 5. Install 3DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

To remove an existing Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . .18

Connect the interface cables to the Escalade Storage Switch . . 18

Install the Escalade Storage Switch in the computer . . . . . . . .19

Connect the drives to the interface cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Check your installation and close the case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Check motherboard boot sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Hot Spare and Hot Swap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

BIOS Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

3DM Configure Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

Invoking the 3ware BIOS tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

Exiting the 3ware BIOS tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Determining your configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

Displaying advance details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Creating a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Determining your configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

iii

3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

Specifying a hot spare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Changing an existing configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Modifying a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Deleting a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

How to maintain or verify a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Rebuilding a mirrored disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Rebuilding a RAID 5 disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Windows Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Windows NT®4.0 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Adding drives to an existing storage switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Boot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Installing the storage switch and Windows NT 4.0 . . . . . . . . . 48

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Has your boot drive been partitioned? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Boot the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Continue with Windows NT 4.0 installation . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Install the driver using the 3ware diskette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Partition device 0 to create a boot area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Follow display instructions to complete Windows NT 4.0

installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a

different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Replacing an existing storage switch with a new version of the

switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Install/Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Remove the existing Escalade Storage Switch and install the

new Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

Windows® 98/ME Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Adding a drive to an existing storage switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

Partition and format new drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

Installing the storage switch while installing Windows 98/ME 63

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Boot the system from the Windows 98/ME diskette . . . . . . .63

Partition the boot device using fdisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Restart the machine and format the boot device . . . . . . . . . .64

Continue the standard Windows 98/ME installation . . . . . . .64

Partition and format other devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

Install the 3DM Disk Management Utility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a

different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

Partition and format units on storage switch . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

Replacing an existing storage switch with a new version of the

switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69

Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69

Install/Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71

Remove the existing Escalade Storage Switch and install the

new Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

Windows® 2000 or Windows XP Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Installing a drive to an existing storage switch . . . . . . . . . . . . .78

Boot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78

Installing the storage switch while installing Windows 2000 or

Windows XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79

Installing with the Initial Operating System Build . . . . . . . .79

Continue with Windows 2000 or XP installation . . . . . . . . .79

3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a

different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Replacing an existing storage switch with a new version of the

switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Updating the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Installing/Updating the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Remove the existing Escalade Storage Switch and install the

new Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Red Hat® Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Installing the storage switch while installing Red Hat L inux . 99

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Boot with the Red Hat CD-ROM or diskette . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Install the driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Complete the normal Red Hat installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . 101

Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a

different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . 106

SuSE® Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Installing the storage switch while in stalling SuSE Linu x with

YaST1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108

Materials required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108

Boot with the SuSE CD/DVD or diskette . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108

Install the driver via a command shell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

Set up the system so driver will load on boot . . . . . . . . . . .110

Edit the lilo.conf file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . .111

Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a

different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112

Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112

RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . .115

3DM Disk Management Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Windows Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Installing 3DM for Windows NT, Windows 98/ME, Windows

2000, Windows XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118

Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Installing 3DM for Red Hat Linux or SuSE Linux . . . . . . . .121

Starting 3DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

Uninstalling 3DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

Checking Array Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

View status using your standard browser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

Password Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Enable/Disable Password Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133

Selecting Rebuild Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134

Selecting Cache Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134

Event notification via e-mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134

Mirrored Array Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Specifying a hot spare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137

Auto rebuild of a mirrored array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137

Rebuilding a redundant array with a hot swap drive . . . . . . .137

Selecting Force Continue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138

Scheduling rebuilds and media scans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138

vii

3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

Troubleshooting: Problems and Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Software Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Screen Display Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

AEN Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Appendix A

Compliance and Conformity Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interfer-

ence Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Microsoft Windows Hardware Quality Lab (WHQL) . . . . . . 158

European Community Conformity Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Appendix B

Warranty, Technical Support and Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Exclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

State Law Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Obtaining Warranty Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

3ware Technical Support and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Sales and ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Feedback on this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

viii

List of Figures

Figure 1. RAID 0 Configuration Example 8

Figure 2. RAID 1 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Figure 3. RAID 10 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Figure 4. RAID 5 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Figure 5. 8-Port Escalade 7850 Storage Switch Layout . . . . . . 17

Figure 6. 3ware BIOS Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Figure 7. Disk Array Configuration Main Display, RAID 1

Example 27

Figure 8. Disk Array Advance Details Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Figure 9. Selecting Drives for a Mirrored Array . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Figure 10. Create Disk Array Display, RAID 0 Example . . . . . 30

Figure 11. Create Disk Array Display, RAID 5 Example . . . . . 31

Figure 12. BIOS Initialization Screen for RAID 5 . . . . . . . . . . 32

Figure 13. Delete Disk Array Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Figure 14. Maintain Disk Array Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Figure 15. Degraded RAID 1 Array Drive When Not in Use . . 37 Figure 16. Degraded RAID 10 Array Drive When Not in Use . 38 Figure 17. Degraded RAID 5 Array Drive When Not in Use . . 39 Figure 18. Select Available Drive to Replace Faulted Drive,

RAID 1 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Figure 19. Rebuild Array Status Display, RAID 1 Example . . . 42

Figure 20. Rebuild Confirmation Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Figure 21. Storage Switch Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . .50

Figure 22. Installation Complete Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Figure 23. Remove Current Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Figure 24. Install Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56

Figure 25. Install from Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57

Figure 26. Install Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

Figure 27. Add New Hardware Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

Figure 28. 3ware Storage Switch Properties Display . . . . . . . . . 70

Figure 29. Install Hardware Device Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71

Figure 30. Select a Device Driver Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72

Figure 31. Install from Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73

Figure 32. Update driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Figure 33. Final driver installation screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74

Figure 34. Storage Switch Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . .74

3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

Figure 35. Installation Complete Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Figure 36. Storage Switch Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Figure 37. Installation Complete Notification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Figure 38. Found New Hardware Wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Figure 39. 3ware Storage Switch Properties Display . . . . . . . . 86

Figure 40. Upgrade driver welcome screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Figure 41. Update/Install device driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Figure 42. Select a Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Figure 43. Install From Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Figure 44. Select a Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Figure 45. Start Device Driver Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Figure 46. Digital Signature Not Found . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Figure 47. Final driver installation screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Figure 48. 3DM Remote Monitoring Configuration Display . 119

Figure 49. 3DM E-mail Notification Preferences . . . . . . . . . . 120

Figure 50. 3DM Home Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Figure 51. 3DM Details Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Figure 52. 3DM Monitor Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Figure 53. 3DM Alarm Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Figure 54. 3DM Settings Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Figure 55. 3DM Login Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Figure 56. 3DM Configure Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Figure 57. 3DM Help Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Figure 58. Installation or Removal Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Figure 59 . A Warning for All S oftware Removal Requests . . 146 Figure 60. Confirmation of Successful Software Removal . . . 146

Figure 61 . Administrator Privilege s Required Warning . . . . . 147

Figure 62. Firmware Upgrade Requirement Warning . . . . . . . 147

Figure 63. System Reboot Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Before you Begin

Before You Begin

Congratulatio ns on selecti ng the Escalad e Stor age Switch as your RAID data storage and management system. This user guide gives simple, step-by- step instr uctions for installing and con figuring your Escalade S torag e Switch. To ensure your personal safety and protect your equipment and data, carefully read the information that follows the Features list before you begin installing.

Features

Escalade 6000 Family (includes 6800, 6400, 6410, 6200)

• True Hardware RAID. Low CPU utilization

• RAID Support. RAID 0, 1, 5, 10 and JBOD

• Bus Type. PCI 32 bit / 33 Mhz

• Management. 3DM Disk Management Uti li ty and e -mail e ven t

notification

• BIOS. PC99, PnP, BBS Compliant

• Windows Support. W98, WME, WinNT, Win2k, WinXP

• Linux Support. Redhat, SuSE. (Drivers available in Open

Source.)

• Performance. Twinstor, Command Queuing, Elevator Seeking,

Ultra DMA66

• Field Upgrades. Field Upgradeable Firmware, BI OS, 3DM and

Drivers

• Data Integrity. AT A Command Readback, SMART Monit or-

ing, Dynamic Sector Repair, Rebuild Pacing, Rebuild Scheduling, Background Scrubbing, Scheduled Scrubbing, Hot Swap, Hot Spare, Hardware Health Monitoring

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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

Escalade 7000 Family (includes 7210, 7810, 7410, 7850,

7450)

• True Hardware RAID. Low CPU Utilization

• RAID Support. RAID 0, 1, 5, 10 and JBOD

• Bus Type. PCI 64 bit / 33 Mhz

• Management. 3DM Disk Management Utility

• BIOS. PC99, PnP, BBS Compliant

• Windows Support. W98, WME, WinNT, Win2k, WinXP

• Linux Support. Redhat, SuSE. (Dri vers available in Open

Source.)

• Performance. Twinstor, Command Queuing, Elevator Seeking,

R5Fusion, UltraDMA100

• Field Upgrades. Field Upgradeable Firmware, BI OS, 3DM and

Drivers

• Data Integrity. A TA Command Readback, SMAR T Monitoring,

Dynamic Sector Repair, Rebuild Pacing, Rebuild Scheduling, Background Scrubbing, Scheduled Scrubbing, Hot Swap, Hot Spare, Hardware Health Monitoring

Package contents

If your package is missing any of the items listed below, contact 3ware before proceeding with installation (disk drives and disk mounting brackets are not included):

• Escalade Storage Switch in an ESD-pr otective bag

• 3ware driver installatio n media

• 3ware 3DM installation media

• ATA interface cables (one per port)

• Y-splitte r cables for connecting additi onal drives to the power source (not provided for 2-port models)

• Escalade Installation Guide and Escalade User Guide (.pdf format)

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Before you Begin

Tools required

• An ESD grounding strap or mat

• Standard hand tools to open your system’s case and install the Escalade Storage Switch into an available PCI expansion slot.

System requirements

The Escalade Storage Switch requires a workstation-class or server-class CPU whose bus complies with PCI 2.1 standards, and a PCI slot that meets the Plug and Play

and PC99 specifications. The storage switch requires one full-size PCI-bus slot. It may be connected to up to two, four or eight IDE/ATA drives by the supplied 40-pin, 80-conductor ribbon interface cables.

Note: The blue end of the ribbo n interf ace cable plugs int o

the Escalade Storage Switch and the black end plugs into the drive.

Drives must meet UltraATA-100, UltraATA-66 or UltraATA-33 standards, but may be of any capacity or physical form factor. Length of unshielded interface cables may not exceed 18” (45.7 cm).

Personal safety

Warning! High volt age s may be f ound insi de comput er

equipm ent. Before instal ling any o f the hard ware in this package or removing the protective covers of any computer equipment, tur n off powe r switches and disconnect power cords. Do not re connect the power cords until you have replaced the covers.

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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

Protecting equipment and data

Back up your data! Creating or deleting disk arrays

destroys existing files on the member drives. If your drives contain v aluable data, bac k them up a nd sav e data elsewhere before changing your array configuration.

ESD precautions

Standard electrostatic discharge (ESD) precautions must be followed to avoid damaging computer components and accessories when installing or removing the Escalade Storage Switch.

• When the case of your c omputer is open and its internal pa rts are exposed, don’t touch any internal part unnecessarily.

• Always wear a grounded strap or work on an ESD-protective mat.

• Don’t remove the storage switch from its protective bag until you are properly grounded.

• Handle the storage switch by its edges or by the black rail and metal bracket at its two ends.

• Don’t touch any pin, contact, lead or component on the storage switch.

Mechanical concerns

Be careful when in stalling t he Escalade Storage Switch into your system. Excessive force can damage the board, the cables, your drives or your system.

• Be sure the board is aligned with its slot on the motherboard before installing. Do not flex the board excessively.

• Interface cable connectors must be mated carefully without bending any pins. The connector s p rov ided are keyed to prevent you from inserting them upside-down.

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• The blue end of the interface cable plugs into the board and the black end plugs into the drive.

• Interface cables are fragile and must not be crimped or pinched. Ensure that they do no t impede t he flow of cooli ng air f rom fans or heat sinks in the system case.

3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

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Introduction

Escalade Storage Switches allow you to use low-cost IDE/ATA drives in your storage system and still achieve performance levels and fault tolerance capabilities typically found in more expensive SCSI systems. Escalad e Stor age Switches are av ailable as two, four or eight port conf igurations, as wel l as a shortene d four or eight por t versions designed for higher density rack-mounted applications.

StorSwitch architecture for scalable performance

The StorSwitch Architecture, found only in 3ware products, accelerates your storag e sys tem’s per forman ce by speed ing data into sys tem memory. Each drive has its own dedicated AccelerATA data IDE port, maximizing drive and system throughput.

RAID increases performance and adds redundancy

Escalade Storage Switches use Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks (RAID) to increase your storage system’s performance and provide faul t tol erance. Th e s torag e swit ches o f fer RAI D 0 var iable striped arrays for performance; RAID 1 mirrored arrays for fault tolerance; variable striped mirrored RAID 10 arrays for fault tolerance and performance; and RAID 5 arrays for fault tolerance, high capacity and storage efficiency.

RAID 0 arrays maximize performance and capacity

When drives are configured in a striped disk array (see Figure 1), the Escalade Storage Switch d istributes large files across the multiple disks using RAI D 0 techniques. S triped dis k arrays achie ve high transfer rates because they can read or write data on more than one drive simultaneously. Striped disk arrays give exceptional performance, particularly for data intensive applications such as vi deo editing, computer aided design and geographical information systems. Striping your disk array concatenates each drive’s capacity

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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

into one large volume. The stripe size is user configurable at 64K, 128K, 256K, 512K or 1M.

Figure 1. RAID 0 Configuration Example

RAID 1 arrays offer fault tolerance

Mirrored disk arrays write data to two drives using RAID 1 algorithms (see Figure 2). This gives your syste m fault t olera nce by pre serving the data on one drive if the other drive fails. Fault tolerance is a basic requirement for mission critical systems like web and database server s.

RAID -1

Figure 2. RAID 1 Configuration Example

TwinStor disk arrays

Technology adds per formance t o 3ware’s mirrore d

RAID -1

Traditional m irroring t echniques do little to impro ve perfor mance. The adaptive algorithms found in 3ware’s TwinStor technology boost performance by distinguishing between random and sequen-

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Introduction

tial read requests. For the sequential requests generated when accessing large files, both drives are used, with t he heads simultaneously reading alternating sections of the file. For the smaller random transactions, the data is read from a single optimal drive head.

Drives can be dynamically profiled, specifically for your brand of drive, during installation to customize the stripe size ( for RAID configurations offering variable striping) and seek algorithms.

RAID 10 arrays maximize performance and fault tolerance

When drives are configured as a striped mirrored array, the disks are configured using bot h RAID 0 and RAID 1 techn iques, t hus the name RAID 10 (see Figure 3). A minimum of four drives are required to use thi s techniqu e. The first two drives ar e mirrored as a fault tolerant array using RAID 1. The third and fourth drives are mirrored as a second fault tolerant array using RAID 1. The two mirrored arrays are then grouped as a striped RAID 0 array using a two tier structure. Higher data transfer rates are achieved by leveraging TwinStor and striping (64K, 128K, 256K, 512K or 1M) the arrays. RAID 10 is available on the four and eight port Escalade Storage Switches.

Figure 3. RAID 10 Configuration Example

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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

RAID 5 arrays optimize performance, fault tolerance, high capacity and storage efficiency

The RAID 5 configuration features the data striping of RAID 0 combined with the parity of RAID 4. Using a simple parity (exclusive OR) function, RAID 5 can tole rate t he lo ss of one dri ve. Pari ty information is distributed across all drives rather than being concentrated on a single disk (see Figure 4). This avoids throughput loss due to content ion for the pa rity driv e. You can use hot spares to rebuild a failed drive “on-the-fly”.

RAID 5 capacity = size of smallest drive × (number of drives - 1). In addition, the arr ay’s sto rage e ff iciency inc rease s with th e number of disks; from 66.7 % for 3 drives to 87.5 % for 8 drives: storage efficiency = (number of drives -1)

÷ (number of drives).

Unlike all o ther RAID conf igurations that of fer data striping, exc ept for RAID 1, RAID 5 stripe size is limited to 64k.

Note: BIOS will reject the creation of a RAID 5 array

having less than 3 drives.

RAID 5

0 parity

A Blocks

1 parity

B Blocks C Blocks D Blocks

2 parity

3 parity

4 parity

E Blocks

Figure 4. RAID 5 Configuration Example

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Introduction

R5 Fusion performance

Technology significantly improves RAID 5 write

3ware’s R5 Fusion significantly improves RAID 5 write performance for both large sequential and small random transactions. This advanced block caching firmware technology is combined with StorSwitc h to deliv er extremel y high per formanc e for RAID 5 write operations.

Note: R5 Fusion is available only with Escalade 7450

and 7850 storage switches.

Background Media Scan and Dynamic Sector Repair enhance data integrity

Background Media Scan is an embedded feature that performs a read-scan of al l disks in an arr ay. An error notification i s posted for each read error de tected (s ee “Scree n Display Messages” on page 145). If the array is redundant (i.e., RAID 1, 10 and 5) Dynamic Sector Repair automatically recovers the redundant data and rewrites it to the logical defective location. The drive reallocates the sector where the read error occurred and a notification of repair is posted. This results in the restoration of drive and data integrity; the primary and redundant data are again both valid.

Configure and manage your disk arrays

The 3ware Di sk Array Configuration Util it y is a BIOS le vel tool for creating, dele ting, maintaining disk arrays and rebuilding mirrored arrays. Fr om the 3DM Disk Array Configuration Utility, you can also specify hot spares from available drives to be dynamically substituted for a failed drive in a mirrored array. Refer to the 3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility chapter.

SMART Monitoring (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology) adds monitoring and troubleshooting functionality by

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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

automaticall y chec ki ng a di sk dr ive's health and re por ti ng pot ent i al problems. It allows you to take proactive steps to prevent impending disk crashes.

3DM Disk Mana gement Utility runs in the background on the Escalade Storage Switch’s host and allows you to monitor the switch and rebuild mirrored arrays remotely via a standard web browser. To remotely access 3DM, you are not required to install any software on your system but you must have access to the network with the Escalade Storage Switch. 3DM supports hot spare and hot swap for mirrored arrays. Hot swap allows users to replace a failed drive in a mirrored array while the system remains up. Refer to the 3DM Disk Management Utility chapter.

To create, delete or verify arrays, you must use the 3ware Disk Array Con figuration Utility. To check array configuration or status, disable write cache, select a hot spare or rebuild a mirrored array, you ca n use th e 3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility at BIOS time or 3DM Disk Management Utility in real time. Hot swap is only available through the 3DM Disk Management Util-

ity.

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Quick Installation Guide

Install

Storage Switch

Refer to

Hardware Installation

Create Arrays ALT-3 at Boot

Refer to

3ware Disk Array

Configuration Utility

Install System

Driver

Refer to

Windows Installation

Linux Installation

RAID Array

Background

Initialization Process*

Install 3DM

Refer to

3DM

Disk Management

Utility

Installation

Complete

* This process does not interfere with the installation of 3DM or the use of the array.

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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

Step 1. Install the Escalade Storage Switc h

Install the two, four or eight port Escalade Storage Switch in an available PCI slot. Slots cl osest to the Accelerated Graphics Port give the best performance. The blue end of the ribbon interface cable must be connected to the storage switch and the black end must be connected to the drive.

Step 2. Create Arrays

Verify your boot device precedes the Escalade Storage Switch in the boot sequence, then press Alt-3 to activate the 3ware Disk Array Con figuration Utility at boot time. Specify RAID arrays and hot spares.

Step 3. Install System Drivers

The Escalade St orage Switch dri vers must be insta lled ac cordi ng to the type of installation and the operating system. Installations include:

• Installing the storage switch while installing the operating system.

• Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a different device.

• Replacing an existing storage switch with a new version of the switch.

Operating systems supporting the Escalade Storage Switch include:

• Win dows NT 4.0

• Windows 98 SE or ME

• Windows XP

• Win dows 2000

• Red Hat Linux

• SuSE Linux

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Quick Installation Guide

Step 4. RAID Array Background Initial izat ion Process

The completion of the system driver installation will start the RAID array initializat ion process. This process may take several hours, but it does not interfere wi th the installation o f 3DM or the use of the array.

Step 5. Install 3DM

Install 3DM for Windows or Linux from the 3DM installation CDROM.

Windows

a:\setup from Run... in the Start menu.

Linux

mount /dev/hdc /mnt cd /mnt ./install.3dm

Answer questions concerning e-mail notification and the port number for WEB monitoring.

cd / umount /mnt

Note: When specifying multiple e-mail addresses for

notification, separate e-mail addresses using a comma.

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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

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Hardware Installation

Figure 5 shows ports and connectors on the Escalade 7850 Storage Switch.

Warning: Before proceeding with hardware installa-

tion, read the Before You Begin section completely that describes per sonal and sys tem precau tions. Fai ling to d o so may result in personal injury or damage to your computer or the Escalade Storage Switch.

Figure 5. 8-Port Escalade 7850 Storage Switch Layout

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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

To remove an existing Escalade Storage Switch

1 If the computer is running, shut it down. Turn off power to the

computer and disconnect the power cord from the outlet.

2 Open the compute r case ac cordin g to th e manufact urer’s inst ruc-

tions.

3 Disconnect the disks from the existing Escalade Storage Switch

installed in your system. If your boot disk is connected to the storage switch and you intend to retain it as your boot device, note or mark which physical disk is connected to slot 0 on the switch. This disk should be reconnected to slot 0 on the new storage switch. Preserving the slot order of how the other drives are connected is unimportant, even if the disks are part of a disk array, although it is recommended that a plug-to-plug replacement is followed.

4 Remove the screw in the metal bracket at the end of the old stor-

age switch. Save the screw for installing the new switch.

5 Gently remove the storage switch from the PCI slot. 6 Remove the cabl es from the stor age switch a nd discard. Reusing

interface cables is not recommended.

Connect the interface cables to the Escalade Storage Switch

1 Connect the interface cables supplied with the product to the

storage switch.

Note: UltraATA-66 and UltraATA-100 drives

require 40-pin, 80-conductor ribbon cables. These cables have color coded ends. For optimum performance, the blue end must be connected to the storage switch and the black end must be connected to the hard drive.

2 One edge of each interface cable should have a colored (usually

red) line denoting the conductor to Pin 1. Align the storage

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Hardware Installation

switch so that the colored line is toward the top edge of the switch. Mate the connectors carefully without bending any pins.

3 Install the other connectors in the same manner.

Install the Escalade Storage Switch in the computer

1 If the computer is running, shut it down. Turn off power to the

computer and disconnect the power cord from the outlet.

2 Open the compute r case ac cordin g to th e manufact urer’s instruc -

tions.

3 Find the PCI slot you want to use for the storage switch.

Hint: Cable routing may be easier if you install the

storage switch next to an open slot.

4 Remove the metal filler bracket for the slot. Save this screw; it

will be used to secure the storage switch after you have seated it in the slot.

Hint: While the storage switch runs properly in any

PCI slot, not all slots give equal perfor manc e due to the archit ecture of the PCI bus. In our labo r atories, we have noticed that the slots closest to the Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) typically give the best performance.

5 Line the storage switch up so that all pins make proper contact

with the PCI slot pins when pushed in to place. The bl ack end rail opposite the metal bracket may be removed if needed to fit the storage switch inside the chassis. The short 4-port or 8-port Escalade St orage Swi tch is keyed to ensure pr oper ins tallat ion in a full-sized PCI slot.

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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide

6 Ensure that the contacts will mate with both grooves in the slot.

Press down gently on the edge of the storage switch directly above the slot until the it is fully seated.

7 Check that the storage switch’s metal bracket covers the hole in

the case and secure the bracket with the screw that was used to secure the filler bracket in step 4.

Connect the drives to the interface cables

1 Be sure to use the supplied cables. With the higher speeds of

UltraATA-100 and UltraATA-66, using quality cables is important.

2 Before connecting your drives, check your drives’ jumper set-

ting. The range of settings provided vary by manufacturer as do the method for adjusting them. Refer to information provided with your drives f or the method require d to set them. To operate properly, the Escalade S t ora g e Swi tc h r equi res that drive s be se t as Single (if available on your drive) or Master.

3 If your drives are not already installed in the computer chassis,

do so now. Be sure that the drives are connected to the power supply. Y-splitter powe r s upply connectors are in cluded in some kits in case you need additional power supply connections.

4 For each d rive, selec t the bl ack en d of a n int erfac e cabl e no t con -

nected to the storage switch and plug it into the drive or drive carrier. The cable’s colored edge denotes Pin 1 and should be adjacent to the 4-pin power plug.

Check your installation and close the case

1 After all of the drives are connected to the storage switch and it

is installed in its slot, verify that the cables do not interfere with the operation of any other components in the case or block the flow of cooling air.

2 Close the case and reconnect the power cables.

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+ 144 hidden pages