3Ware Escalade 6400, Escalade 6000, Escalade 6800, Escalade 6410, Escalade 6200 User Manual
...
Escalade
Storage Switch
Supports the 6000 and 7000 series
PN 720-0034-02, Revision C
March 8, 2002
TM
Copyright
©2002 3ware, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise,
without the proper written consent of 3ware, Inc., 701 East Middlefield
Road, Suite 300, Mountain View CA 94043.
Trademarks
3ware, the 3ware logo, Palisade, Escalade, StorSwitch, Tw inS t or, R5
Fusion and 3DM are all registered trademarks of 3ware, Inc. All other
trademarks herein are property of their respective owners.
Disclaimer
3ware, Inc. assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in thi s document, nor does 3ware, Inc. make any commitment to update the information contained her ein.
Contents
Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Escalade 6000 Family (includes 6800, 6400, 6410, 6200) . . .1
Escalade 7000 Family (includes 7210, 7810, 7410, 7850,
7450) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Package contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Tools required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
System requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Personal safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Protecting equipment and data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
ESD precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Mechanical concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Quick Installation Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Step 1. Install the Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Step 2. Create Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Step 3. Install System Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Step 4. RAID Array Background Initialization Process . . . . . .15
Step 5. Install 3DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
To remove an existing Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . .18
Connect the interface cables to the Escalade Storage Switch . . 18
Install the Escalade Storage Switch in the computer . . . . . . . .19
Connect the drives to the interface cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Check your installation and close the case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Check motherboard boot sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Hot Spare and Hot Swap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
BIOS Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
3DM Configure Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Invoking the 3ware BIOS tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Exiting the 3ware BIOS tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Determining your configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Displaying advance details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Creating a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Determining your configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
Specifying a hot spare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Changing an existing configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Modifying a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Deleting a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
How to maintain or verify a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Rebuilding a mirrored disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Rebuilding a RAID 5 disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Windows Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Windows NT®4.0 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Adding drives to an existing storage switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Boot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Installing the storage switch and Windows NT 4.0 . . . . . . . . . 48
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Has your boot drive been partitioned? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Boot the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Continue with Windows NT 4.0 installation . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Install the driver using the 3ware diskette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Partition device 0 to create a boot area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Follow display instructions to complete Windows NT 4.0
installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a
different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Replacing an existing storage switch with a new version of the
switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Install/Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Remove the existing Escalade Storage Switch and install the
new Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
iv
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Windows® 98/ME Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Adding a drive to an existing storage switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Partition and format new drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Installing the storage switch while installing Windows 98/ME 63
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Boot the system from the Windows 98/ME diskette . . . . . . .63
Partition the boot device using fdisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Restart the machine and format the boot device . . . . . . . . . .64
Continue the standard Windows 98/ME installation . . . . . . .64
Partition and format other devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Install the 3DM Disk Management Utility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a
different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Partition and format units on storage switch . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
Replacing an existing storage switch with a new version of the
switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Install/Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
Remove the existing Escalade Storage Switch and install the
new Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Windows® 2000 or Windows XP Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Installing a drive to an existing storage switch . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Boot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Installing the storage switch while installing Windows 2000 or
Windows XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Installing with the Initial Operating System Build . . . . . . . .79
Continue with Windows 2000 or XP installation . . . . . . . . .79
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a
different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Replacing an existing storage switch with a new version of the
switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Updating the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Installing/Updating the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Remove the existing Escalade Storage Switch and install the
new Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Red Hat® Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Installing the storage switch while installing Red Hat L inux . 99
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Boot with the Red Hat CD-ROM or diskette . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Install the driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Complete the normal Red Hat installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . 101
Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a
different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . 106
SuSE® Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Installing the storage switch while in stalling SuSE Linu x with
vi
YaST1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Materials required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Boot with the SuSE CD/DVD or diskette . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Install the driver via a command shell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109
Set up the system so driver will load on boot . . . . . . . . . . .110
Edit the lilo.conf file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . .111
Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a
different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . .115
3DM Disk Management Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Windows Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Installing 3DM for Windows NT, Windows 98/ME, Windows
2000, Windows XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118
Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Installing 3DM for Red Hat Linux or SuSE Linux . . . . . . . .121
Starting 3DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
Uninstalling 3DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
Checking Array Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
View status using your standard browser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125
Password Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Enable/Disable Password Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133
Selecting Rebuild Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Selecting Cache Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Event notification via e-mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Mirrored Array Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Specifying a hot spare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
Auto rebuild of a mirrored array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
Rebuilding a redundant array with a hot swap drive . . . . . . .137
Selecting Force Continue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138
Scheduling rebuilds and media scans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
Troubleshooting: Problems and Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Software Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Screen Display Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
AEN Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Appendix A
Compliance and Conformity Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interfer-
ence Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Microsoft Windows Hardware Quality Lab (WHQL) . . . . . . 158
European Community Conformity Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Appendix B
Warranty, Technical Support and Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Exclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
State Law Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Obtaining Warranty Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
3ware Technical Support and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Sales and ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Feedback on this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
viii
List of Figures
Figure 1. RAID 0 Configuration Example 8
Figure 2. RAID 1 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 3. RAID 10 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 4. RAID 5 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 5. 8-Port Escalade 7850 Storage Switch Layout . . . . . . 17
Figure 6. 3ware BIOS Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 7. Disk Array Configuration Main Display, RAID 1
Example 27
Figure 8. Disk Array Advance Details Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 9. Selecting Drives for a Mirrored Array . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 10. Create Disk Array Display, RAID 0 Example . . . . . 30
Figure 11. Create Disk Array Display, RAID 5 Example . . . . . 31
Figure 12. BIOS Initialization Screen for RAID 5 . . . . . . . . . . 32
Figure 13. Delete Disk Array Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Figure 14. Maintain Disk Array Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Figure 15. Degraded RAID 1 Array Drive When Not in Use . . 37
Figure 16. Degraded RAID 10 Array Drive When Not in Use . 38
Figure 17. Degraded RAID 5 Array Drive When Not in Use . . 39
Figure 18. Select Available Drive to Replace Faulted Drive,
RAID 1 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Figure 19. Rebuild Array Status Display, RAID 1 Example . . . 42
Figure 20. Rebuild Confirmation Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Figure 21. Storage Switch Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Figure 22. Installation Complete Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Figure 23. Remove Current Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Figure 24. Install Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Figure 25. Install from Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Figure 26. Install Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Figure 27. Add New Hardware Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Figure 28. 3ware Storage Switch Properties Display . . . . . . . . . 70
Figure 29. Install Hardware Device Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
Figure 30. Select a Device Driver Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Figure 31. Install from Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Figure 32. Update driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Figure 33. Final driver installation screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Figure 34. Storage Switch Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . .74
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
Figure 35. Installation Complete Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Figure 36. Storage Switch Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Figure 37. Installation Complete Notification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Figure 38. Found New Hardware Wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Figure 39. 3ware Storage Switch Properties Display . . . . . . . . 86
Figure 40. Upgrade driver welcome screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Figure 41. Update/Install device driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Figure 42. Select a Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Figure 43. Install From Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Figure 44. Select a Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Figure 45. Start Device Driver Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Figure 46. Digital Signature Not Found . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Figure 47. Final driver installation screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Figure 48. 3DM Remote Monitoring Configuration Display . 119
Figure 49. 3DM E-mail Notification Preferences . . . . . . . . . . 120
Figure 50. 3DM Home Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Figure 51. 3DM Details Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Figure 52. 3DM Monitor Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Figure 53. 3DM Alarm Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Figure 54. 3DM Settings Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Figure 55. 3DM Login Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Figure 56. 3DM Configure Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Figure 57. 3DM Help Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Figure 58. Installation or Removal Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Figure 59 . A Warning for All S oftware Removal Requests . . 146
Figure 60. Confirmation of Successful Software Removal . . . 146
Figure 61 . Administrator Privilege s Required Warning . . . . . 147
Figure 62. Firmware Upgrade Requirement Warning . . . . . . . 147
Figure 63. System Reboot Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
x
Before you Begin
Before You Begin
Congratulatio ns on selecti ng the Escalad e Stor age Switch as your
RAID data storage and management system. This user guide
gives simple, step-by- step instr uctions for installing and con figuring your Escalade S torag e Switch. To ensure your personal safety
and protect your equipment and data, carefully read the information that follows the Features list before you begin installing.
Features
Escalade 6000 Family (includes 6800, 6400, 6410, 6200)
• True Hardware RAID. Low CPU utilization
• RAID Support. RAID 0, 1, 5, 10 and JBOD
• Bus Type. PCI 32 bit / 33 Mhz
• Management. 3DM Disk Management Uti li ty and e -mail e ven t
notification
• BIOS. PC99, PnP, BBS Compliant
• Windows Support. W98, WME, WinNT, Win2k, WinXP
• Linux Support. Redhat, SuSE. (Drivers available in Open
Source.)
• Performance. Twinstor, Command Queuing, Elevator Seeking,
Ultra DMA66
• Field Upgrades. Field Upgradeable Firmware, BI OS, 3DM and
Drivers
• Data Integrity. AT A Command Readback, SMART Monit or-
ing, Dynamic Sector Repair, Rebuild Pacing, Rebuild Scheduling, Background Scrubbing, Scheduled Scrubbing, Hot Swap,
Hot Spare, Hardware Health Monitoring
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
Escalade 7000 Family (includes 7210, 7810, 7410, 7850,
7450)
• True Hardware RAID. Low CPU Utilization
• RAID Support. RAID 0, 1, 5, 10 and JBOD
• Bus Type. PCI 64 bit / 33 Mhz
• Management. 3DM Disk Management Utility
• BIOS. PC99, PnP, BBS Compliant
• Windows Support. W98, WME, WinNT, Win2k, WinXP
• Linux Support. Redhat, SuSE. (Dri vers available in Open
Source.)
• Performance. Twinstor, Command Queuing, Elevator Seeking,
R5Fusion, UltraDMA100
• Field Upgrades. Field Upgradeable Firmware, BI OS, 3DM and
Drivers
• Data Integrity. A TA Command Readback, SMAR T Monitoring,
Dynamic Sector Repair, Rebuild Pacing, Rebuild Scheduling,
Background Scrubbing, Scheduled Scrubbing, Hot Swap, Hot
Spare, Hardware Health Monitoring
Package contents
If your package is missing any of the items listed below, contact
3ware before proceeding with installation (disk drives and disk
mounting brackets are not included):
• Escalade Storage Switch in an ESD-pr otective bag
• 3ware driver installatio n media
• 3ware 3DM installation media
• ATA interface cables (one per port)
• Y-splitte r cables for connecting additi onal drives to the power
source (not provided for 2-port models)
• Escalade Installation Guide and Escalade User Guide (.pdf format)
2 www.3ware.com
Before you Begin
Tools required
• An ESD grounding strap or mat
• Standard hand tools to open your system’s case and install the
Escalade Storage Switch into an available PCI expansion slot.
System requirements
The Escalade Storage Switch requires a workstation-class or
server-class CPU whose bus complies with PCI 2.1 standards,
and a PCI slot that meets the Plug and Play
and PC99 specifications. The storage switch requires one full-size PCI-bus slot. It
may be connected to up to two, four or eight IDE/ATA drives by
the supplied 40-pin, 80-conductor ribbon interface cables.
Note: The blue end of the ribbo n interf ace cable plugs int o
the Escalade Storage Switch and the black end plugs into
the drive.
Drives must meet UltraATA-100, UltraATA-66 or UltraATA-33
standards, but may be of any capacity or physical form factor.
Length of unshielded interface cables may not exceed 18” (45.7
cm).
Personal safety
Warning! High volt age s may be f ound insi de comput er
equipm ent. Before instal ling any o f the hard ware in this
package or removing the protective covers of any computer equipment, tur n off powe r switches and disconnect
power cords. Do not re connect the power cords until you
have replaced the covers.
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
Protecting equipment and data
Back up your data! Creating or deleting disk arrays
destroys existing files on the member drives. If your
drives contain v aluable data, bac k them up a nd sav e data
elsewhere before changing your array configuration.
ESD precautions
Standard electrostatic discharge (ESD) precautions must be followed to avoid damaging computer components and accessories
when installing or removing the Escalade Storage Switch.
• When the case of your c omputer is open and its internal pa rts are
exposed, don’t touch any internal part unnecessarily.
• Always wear a grounded strap or work on an ESD-protective
mat.
• Don’t remove the storage switch from its protective bag until
you are properly grounded.
• Handle the storage switch by its edges or by the black rail and
metal bracket at its two ends.
• Don’t touch any pin, contact, lead or component on the storage
switch.
Mechanical concerns
Be careful when in stalling t he Escalade Storage Switch into your
system. Excessive force can damage the board, the cables, your
drives or your system.
• Be sure the board is aligned with its slot on the motherboard
before installing. Do not flex the board excessively.
• Interface cable connectors must be mated carefully without
bending any pins. The connector s p rov ided are keyed to prevent
you from inserting them upside-down.
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• The blue end of the interface cable plugs into the board and the
black end plugs into the drive.
• Interface cables are fragile and must not be crimped or pinched.
Ensure that they do no t impede t he flow of cooli ng air f rom fans
or heat sinks in the system case.
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
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Introduction
Introduction
Escalade Storage Switches allow you to use low-cost IDE/ATA
drives in your storage system and still achieve performance levels
and fault tolerance capabilities typically found in more expensive
SCSI systems. Escalad e Stor age Switches are av ailable as two, four
or eight port conf igurations, as wel l as a shortene d four or eight por t
versions designed for higher density rack-mounted applications.
StorSwitch architecture for scalable performance
The StorSwitch Architecture, found only in 3ware products, accelerates your storag e sys tem’s per forman ce by speed ing data into sys tem memory. Each drive has its own dedicated AccelerATA data
IDE port, maximizing drive and system throughput.
RAID increases performance and adds redundancy
Escalade Storage Switches use Redundant Array of Inexpensive
Disks (RAID) to increase your storage system’s performance and
provide faul t tol erance. Th e s torag e swit ches o f fer RAI D 0 var iable
striped arrays for performance; RAID 1 mirrored arrays for fault
tolerance; variable striped mirrored RAID 10 arrays for fault tolerance and performance; and RAID 5 arrays for fault tolerance, high
capacity and storage efficiency.
RAID 0 arrays maximize performance and capacity
When drives are configured in a striped disk array (see Figure 1),
the Escalade Storage Switch d istributes large files across the multiple disks using RAI D 0 techniques. S triped dis k arrays achie ve high
transfer rates because they can read or write data on more than one
drive simultaneously. Striped disk arrays give exceptional performance, particularly for data intensive applications such as vi deo
editing, computer aided design and geographical information systems. Striping your disk array concatenates each drive’s capacity
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
into one large volume. The stripe size is user configurable at 64K,
128K, 256K, 512K or 1M.
Figure 1. RAID 0 Configuration Example
RAID 1 arrays offer fault tolerance
Mirrored disk arrays write data to two drives using RAID 1 algorithms (see Figure 2). This gives your syste m fault t olera nce by pre serving the data on one drive if the other drive fails. Fault tolerance
is a basic requirement for mission critical systems like web and
database server s.
RAID -1
Figure 2. RAID 1 Configuration Example
TwinStor
disk arrays
TM
Technology adds per formance t o 3ware’s mirrore d
RAID -1
Traditional m irroring t echniques do little to impro ve perfor mance.
The adaptive algorithms found in 3ware’s TwinStor technology
boost performance by distinguishing between random and sequen-
8 www.3ware.com
Introduction
tial read requests. For the sequential requests generated when
accessing large files, both drives are used, with t he heads simultaneously reading alternating sections of the file. For the smaller random transactions, the data is read from a single optimal drive head.
Drives can be dynamically profiled, specifically for your brand of
drive, during installation to customize the stripe size ( for RAID
configurations offering variable striping) and seek algorithms.
RAID 10 arrays maximize performance and fault
tolerance
When drives are configured as a striped mirrored array, the disks
are configured using bot h RAID 0 and RAID 1 techn iques, t hus the
name RAID 10 (see Figure 3). A minimum of four drives are
required to use thi s techniqu e. The first two drives ar e mirrored as a
fault tolerant array using RAID 1. The third and fourth drives are
mirrored as a second fault tolerant array using RAID 1. The two
mirrored arrays are then grouped as a striped RAID 0 array using a
two tier structure. Higher data transfer rates are achieved by leveraging TwinStor and striping (64K, 128K, 256K, 512K or 1M) the
arrays. RAID 10 is available on the four and eight port Escalade
Storage Switches.
Figure 3. RAID 10 Configuration Example
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
RAID 5 arrays optimize performance, fault tolerance,
high capacity and storage efficiency
The RAID 5 configuration features the data striping of RAID 0
combined with the parity of RAID 4. Using a simple parity (exclusive OR) function, RAID 5 can tole rate t he lo ss of one dri ve. Pari ty
information is distributed across all drives rather than being concentrated on a single disk (see Figure 4). This avoids throughput
loss due to content ion for the pa rity driv e. You can use hot spares to
rebuild a failed drive “on-the-fly”.
RAID 5 capacity = size of smallest drive × (number of drives - 1).
In addition, the arr ay’s sto rage e ff iciency inc rease s with th e number
of disks; from 66.7 % for 3 drives to 87.5 % for 8 drives: storage
efficiency = (number of drives -1)
÷ (number of drives).
Unlike all o ther RAID conf igurations that of fer data striping, exc ept
for RAID 1, RAID 5 stripe size is limited to 64k.
Note: BIOS will reject the creation of a RAID 5 array
having less than 3 drives.
RAID 5
0 parity
A1
A2
A3
A4
A Blocks
B0
1 parity
B2
B3
B4
B Blocks C Blocks D Blocks
C0
C1
2 parity
C3
C4
D0
D1
D2
3 parity
D4
E0
E1
E2
E3
4 parity
E Blocks
Figure 4. RAID 5 Configuration Example
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Introduction
R5 Fusion
performance
TM
Technology significantly improves RAID 5 write
3ware’s R5 Fusion significantly improves RAID 5 write performance for both large sequential and small random transactions.
This advanced block caching firmware technology is combined
with StorSwitc h to deliv er extremel y high per formanc e for RAID 5
write operations.
Note: R5 Fusion is available only with Escalade 7450
and 7850 storage switches.
Background Media Scan and Dynamic Sector Repair enhance
data integrity
Background Media Scan is an embedded feature that performs a
read-scan of al l disks in an arr ay. An error notification i s posted for
each read error de tected (s ee “Scree n Display Messages” on
page 145). If the array is redundant (i.e., RAID 1, 10 and 5)
Dynamic Sector Repair automatically recovers the redundant data
and rewrites it to the logical defective location. The drive reallocates the sector where the read error occurred and a notification of
repair is posted. This results in the restoration of drive and data
integrity; the primary and redundant data are again both valid.
Configure and manage your disk arrays
The 3ware Di sk Array Configuration Util it y is a BIOS le vel tool
for creating, dele ting, maintaining disk arrays and rebuilding mirrored arrays. Fr om the 3DM Disk Array Configuration Utility,
you can also specify hot spares from available drives to be dynamically substituted for a failed drive in a mirrored array. Refer to the
3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility chapter.
SMART Monitoring (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting
Technology) adds monitoring and troubleshooting functionality by
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
automaticall y chec ki ng a di sk dr ive's health and re por ti ng pot ent i al
problems. It allows you to take proactive steps to prevent impending disk crashes.
3DM Disk Mana gement Utility runs in the background on the
Escalade Storage Switch’s host and allows you to monitor the
switch and rebuild mirrored arrays remotely via a standard web
browser. To remotely access 3DM, you are not required to install
any software on your system but you must have access to the network with the Escalade Storage Switch. 3DM supports hot spare
and hot swap for mirrored arrays. Hot swap allows users to replace
a failed drive in a mirrored array while the system remains up.
Refer to the 3DM Disk Management Utility chapter.
To create, delete or verify arrays, you must use the 3ware Disk
Array Con figuration Utility. To check array configuration or status, disable write cache, select a hot spare or rebuild a mirrored
array, you ca n use th e 3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility at
BIOS time or 3DM Disk Management Utility in real time. Hot
swap is only available through the 3DM Disk Management Util-
ity.
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Quick Installation Guide
Quick Installation Guide
Install
Storage Switch
Refer to
Hardware Installation
Create Arrays
ALT-3 at Boot
Refer to
3ware Disk Array
Configuration Utility
Install System
Driver
Refer to
Windows Installation
Linux Installation
or
RAID Array
Background
Initialization Process*
Install 3DM
Refer to
3DM
Disk Management
Utility
Installation
Complete
* This process does not interfere with the installation of 3DM or the use of the array.
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
Step 1. Install the Escalade Storage Switc h
Install the two, four or eight port Escalade Storage Switch in an
available PCI slot. Slots cl osest to the Accelerated Graphics Port
give the best performance. The blue end of the ribbon interface
cable must be connected to the storage switch and the black end
must be connected to the drive.
Step 2. Create Arrays
Verify your boot device precedes the Escalade Storage Switch in
the boot sequence, then press Alt-3 to activate the 3ware Disk
Array Con figuration Utility at boot time. Specify RAID arrays
and hot spares.
Step 3. Install System Drivers
The Escalade St orage Switch dri vers must be insta lled ac cordi ng to
the type of installation and the operating system. Installations
include:
• Installing the storage switch while installing the operating system.
• Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a different device.
• Replacing an existing storage switch with a new version of the
switch.
Operating systems supporting the Escalade Storage Switch include:
• Win dows NT 4.0
• Windows 98 SE or ME
• Windows XP
• Win dows 2000
• Red Hat Linux
• SuSE Linux
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Quick Installation Guide
Step 4. RAID Array Background Initial izat ion Process
The completion of the system driver installation will start the RAID
array initializat ion process. This process may take several hours,
but it does not interfere wi th the installation o f 3DM or the use of
the array.
Step 5. Install 3DM
Install 3DM for Windows or Linux from the 3DM installation CDROM.
Windows
a:\setup from Run... in the Start menu.
Linux
mount /dev/hdc /mnt
cd /mnt
./install.3dm
Answer questions concerning e-mail notification and the port number for WEB monitoring.
cd /
umount /mnt
Note: When specifying multiple e-mail addresses for
notification, separate e-mail addresses using a comma.
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
16 www.3ware.com
Hardware Installation
Hardware Installation
Figure 5 shows ports and connectors on the Escalade 7850 Storage
Switch.
Warning: Before proceeding with hardware installa-
tion, read the Before You Begin section completely that
describes per sonal and sys tem precau tions. Fai ling to d o
so may result in personal injury or damage to your computer or the Escalade Storage Switch.
2
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Figure 5. 8-Port Escalade 7850 Storage Switch
Layout
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
To remove an existing Escalade Storage Switch
1 If the computer is running, shut it down. Turn off power to the
computer and disconnect the power cord from the outlet.
2 Open the compute r case ac cordin g to th e manufact urer’s inst ruc-
tions.
3 Disconnect the disks from the existing Escalade Storage Switch
installed in your system. If your boot disk is connected to the
storage switch and you intend to retain it as your boot device,
note or mark which physical disk is connected to slot 0 on the
switch. This disk should be reconnected to slot 0 on the new
storage switch. Preserving the slot order of how the other drives
are connected is unimportant, even if the disks are part of a disk
array, although it is recommended that a plug-to-plug replacement is followed.
4 Remove the screw in the metal bracket at the end of the old stor-
age switch. Save the screw for installing the new switch.
5 Gently remove the storage switch from the PCI slot.
6 Remove the cabl es from the stor age switch a nd discard. Reusing
interface cables is not recommended.
Connect the interface cables to the Escalade Storage
Switch
1 Connect the interface cables supplied with the product to the
storage switch.
Note: UltraATA-66 and UltraATA-100 drives
require 40-pin, 80-conductor ribbon cables. These
cables have color coded ends. For optimum performance, the blue end must be connected to the storage
switch and the black end must be connected to the hard
drive.
2 One edge of each interface cable should have a colored (usually
red) line denoting the conductor to Pin 1. Align the storage
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Hardware Installation
switch so that the colored line is toward the top edge of the
switch. Mate the connectors carefully without bending any pins.
3 Install the other connectors in the same manner.
Install the Escalade Storage Switch in the computer
1 If the computer is running, shut it down. Turn off power to the
computer and disconnect the power cord from the outlet.
2 Open the compute r case ac cordin g to th e manufact urer’s instruc -
tions.
3 Find the PCI slot you want to use for the storage switch.
Hint: Cable routing may be easier if you install the
storage switch next to an open slot.
4 Remove the metal filler bracket for the slot. Save this screw; it
will be used to secure the storage switch after you have seated it
in the slot.
Hint: While the storage switch runs properly in any
PCI slot, not all slots give equal perfor manc e due to the
archit ecture of the PCI bus. In our labo r atories, we have
noticed that the slots closest to the Accelerated Graphics
Port (AGP) typically give the best performance.
5 Line the storage switch up so that all pins make proper contact
with the PCI slot pins when pushed in to place. The bl ack end rail
opposite the metal bracket may be removed if needed to fit the
storage switch inside the chassis. The short 4-port or 8-port
Escalade St orage Swi tch is keyed to ensure pr oper ins tallat ion in
a full-sized PCI slot.
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3ware Escalade Storage Switch User Guide
6 Ensure that the contacts will mate with both grooves in the slot.
Press down gently on the edge of the storage switch directly
above the slot until the it is fully seated.
7 Check that the storage switch’s metal bracket covers the hole in
the case and secure the bracket with the screw that was used to
secure the filler bracket in step 4.
Connect the drives to the interface cables
1 Be sure to use the supplied cables. With the higher speeds of
UltraATA-100 and UltraATA-66, using quality cables is important.
2 Before connecting your drives, check your drives’ jumper set-
ting. The range of settings provided vary by manufacturer as do
the method for adjusting them. Refer to information provided
with your drives f or the method require d to set them. To operate
properly, the Escalade S t ora g e Swi tc h r equi res that drive s be se t
as Single (if available on your drive) or Master.
3 If your drives are not already installed in the computer chassis,
do so now. Be sure that the drives are connected to the power
supply. Y-splitter powe r s upply connectors are in cluded in some
kits in case you need additional power supply connections.
4 For each d rive, selec t the bl ack en d of a n int erfac e cabl e no t con -
nected to the storage switch and plug it into the drive or drive
carrier. The cable’s colored edge denotes Pin 1 and should be
adjacent to the 4-pin power plug.
Check your installation and close the case
1 After all of the drives are connected to the storage switch and it
is installed in its slot, verify that the cables do not interfere with
the operation of any other components in the case or block the
flow of cooling air.
2 Close the case and reconnect the power cables.
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