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6000 Series
Users Guide
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Table of contents
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3ware 6000 Series Users Guide

TM
Escalade
Storage Switch
Supports the 6000 and 7000 series
PN 720-0034-02, Revision C
March 8, 2002
Copyright
Trademarks
3ware, the 3ware logo, Palisade, Escalade, StorSwitch, TwinStor, R5 Fusion and 3DM are all registered trademarks of 3ware, Inc. All other trademarks herein are property of their respective owners.
Disclaimer
3ware, Inc. assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this docu­ment, nor does 3ware, Inc. make any commitment to update the informa­tion conta i ned herein.

Contents

Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Escalade 6000 Family (includes 6800, 6400, 6410, 6200) . . .1 Escalade 7000 Family (includes 7210, 7810, 7410, 7850,
7450) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Package contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Tools required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
System requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Personal safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Protecting equipment and data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
ESD precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Mechanical concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Quick Installation Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Step 1. Install the Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4
Step 2. Create Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Step 3. Install System Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Step 4. RAID Array Background Initialization Process . . . . . .15
Step 5. Install 3DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
To remove an existing Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . .18
Connect the interface cables to the Escalade Storage Switch . .18
Install the Escalade Storage Switch in the computer . . . . . . . .19
Connect the drives to the interface cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Check your installation and close the case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Check motherboard boot sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Hot Spare and Hot Swap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
BIOS Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
3DM Configure Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Invoking the 3ware BIOS tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Exiting the 3ware BIOS tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Determining your configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Displaying advance details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 7
Creating a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Determining your configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
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3ware Esca lade Storage Switch User Guide
Specifying a hot spare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Changing an existing configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Modifying a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Deleting a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
How to maintain or verify a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Rebuilding a mirrored disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Rebuilding a RAID 5 disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Windows Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Windows NT®4.0 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Adding drives to an existing storage switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Boot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Installing the storage switch and Windows NT 4.0 . . . . . . . . . 48
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Has your boot drive been partitioned? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Boot the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Continue with Windows NT 4.0 installation . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Install the driver using the 3ware diskette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Partition device 0 to create a boot area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Follow display instructions to complete Windows NT 4.0
installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a
different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Replacing an existing storage swi t ch with a new version of the
switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Install/Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Remove the existing Escalade Storage Switch and install the
new Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
iv
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Windows® 98/ME Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Adding a drive to an existing storage switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Partition and format new drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Installing the storage switch while installing Windows 98/ME 63
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Boot the system from the Windows 98/ME diskette . . . . . . .63
Partition the boot device using fdisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Restart the machine and format the boot device . . . . . . . . . .64
Continue the standard Windows 98/ME installation . . . . . . .64
Partition and format other devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 5
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Install the 3DM Disk Management Utility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a
different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6
Partition and format units on storage switch . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
Replacing an existing storage swi t ch with a new version of the
switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Install/Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
Remove the existing Escalade Storage Switch and install the
new Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Windows® 2000 or Windows XP Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Installing a drive to an existing storage switch . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Boot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Installing the storage switch while installing Windows 2000 or
Windows XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Installing with the Initial Operating System Build . . . . . . . .79
Continue with Windows 2000 or XP installation . . . . . . . . .79
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3ware Esca lade Storage Switch User Guide
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a
different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Replacing an existing storage swi t ch with a new version of the
switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Updating the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Installing/Updating the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Remove the existing Escalade Storage Switch and install the
new Escalade Storage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Red Hat® Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Installing the storage switch while installing Red Hat Linux . 99
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Boot with the Red Hat CD-ROM or diskette . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Install the driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Complete the normal Red Hat installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . 101
Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a
different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . 106
SuSE® Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Installing the storage switch while installing SuSE Linux w ith
vi
YaST1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Materials required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Boot with the SuSE CD/DVD or diskette . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Install the driver via a command shell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109
Set up the system so driver will load on boot . . . . . . . . . . .110
Edit the lilo.conf file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . .111
Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a
different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
RAID array initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . . .115
3DM Disk Management Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Windows Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Installing 3DM for Windows NT, Windows 98/ME, Windows
2000, Windows XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118
Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Installing 3DM for Red Hat Linux or SuSE Linux . . . . . . . .121
Starting 3DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
Uninstalling 3DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Checking Array Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
View status using your standard browser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125
Password Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Enable/Disable Password Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133
Selecting Rebuild Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Selecting Cache Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Event notification via e-mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Mirrored Array Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Specifying a hot spare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
Auto rebuild of a mirrored array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
Rebuilding a redundant array with a hot swap drive . . . . . . . 137
Selecting Force Continue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138
Scheduling rebuilds and media scans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138
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Troubleshooting: Problems and Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Software Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Screen Display Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
AEN Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Appendix A
Compliance and Conformity Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interfer-
ence Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Microsoft Windows Hardware Quality Lab (WHQL) . . . . . . 158
European Community Conformity Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Appendix B
Warranty, Technical Support and Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Exclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
State Law Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Obtaining Warranty Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
3ware Technical Support and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Sales and ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Feedback on this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
viii

List of Figures

Figure 1. RAID 0 Configuration Example 8
Figure 2. RAID 1 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 3. RAID 10 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 4. RAID 5 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 5. 8-Port Escalade 7850 Storage Switch Layout . . . . . .17
Figure 6. 3ware BIOS Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Figure 7. Disk Array Configuration Main Display, RAID 1
Example 27
Figure 8. Disk Array Advance Details Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Figure 9. Selecting Drives for a Mirrored Array . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 10. Create Disk Array Display, RAID 0 Example . . . . . 30
Figure 11. Create Disk Array Display, RAID 5 Example . . . . . 31
Figure 12. BIOS Initialization Screen for RAID 5 . . . . . . . . . . 32
Figure 13. Delete Disk Array Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Figure 14. Maintain Disk Array Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Figure 15. Degraded RAID 1 Array Drive When Not in Use . . 37 Figure 16. Degraded RAID 10 Array Drive When Not in Use . 38 Figure 17. Degraded RAID 5 Array Drive When Not in Use . . 39 Figure 18. Select Available Drive to Replace Faulted Drive,
RAID 1 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Figure 19. Rebuild Array Status Display, RAID 1 Example . . . 42
Figure 20. Rebuild Confirmation Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Figure 21. Storage Switch Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Figure 22. Installation Complete Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Figure 23. Remove Current Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5
Figure 24. Install Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Figure 25. Install from Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Figure 26. Install Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Figure 27. Add New Hardware Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Figure 28. 3ware Storage Switch Properties Display . . . . . . . . . 70
Figure 29. Install Hardware Device Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Figure 30. Select a Device Driver Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Figure 31. Install from Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Figure 32. Update driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Figure 33. Final driver installation screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Figure 34. Storage Switch Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . .74
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3ware Esca lade Storage Switch User Guide
Figure 35. Installation Complete Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Figure 36. Storage Switch Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Figure 37. Installation Complete Notification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Figure 38. Found New Hardware Wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Figure 39. 3ware Storage Switch Properties Display . . . . . . . . 86
Figure 40. Upgrade driver welcome screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Figure 41. Update/Install device driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Figure 42. Select a Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Figure 43. Install From Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Figure 44. Select a Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Figure 45. Start Device Driver Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Figure 46. Digital Signature Not Found . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Figure 47. Final driver installation screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Figure 48. 3DM Remote Monitoring Configuration Display . 119
Figure 49. 3DM E-mail Notification Preferences . . . . . . . . . . 120
Figure 50. 3DM Home Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Figure 51. 3DM Details Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Figure 52. 3DM Monitor Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Figure 53. 3DM Alarm Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Figure 54. 3DM Settings Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Figure 55. 3DM Login Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Figure 56. 3DM Configure Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Figure 57. 3DM Help Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Figure 58. Installation or Removal Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Figure 59. A Warning for All Software Removal Requests . . 146 Figure 60. Confirmation of Successful Software Removal . . . 146
Figure 61. Administrator Privileges Required Warning . . . . . 147
Figure 62. Firmware Upgrade Requirement Warning . . . . . . . 147
Figure 63. System Reboot Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
x

Before you Begin

Before You Begin
Congratulations on sel ecting th e Escalade S torage Swi tch as your RAID data storage and management system. This user guide gives simple, step-by-st ep instructio ns for instal ling and confi gur­ing your Escalade S torage Swit ch. To ensure your personal safety and protect your equipment and data, carefully read the informa­tion that follows the Features list before you begin installing.

Features

Escalade 6000 Family (includes 6800, 6400, 6410, 6200)

• True Hardware RAID. Low CPU utilization
• RAID Support. RAID 0, 1, 5, 10 and JBOD
• Bus Type. PCI 32 bit / 33 Mhz
• Management. 3DM Disk Management Utility and e -mai l event
notification
• BIOS. PC99, PnP, BBS Compliant
• Windows Support. W98, WME, WinNT, Win2k, WinXP
• Linux Support. Redhat, SuSE. (Drivers available in Open
Source.)
• Performance. Twinstor, Command Queuing, Elevator Seeking,
Ultra DMA66
• Field Upgrades. Field Upgradea bl e F ir mware, BIOS, 3DM and
Drivers
• Data Integrity. A TA Command Readback, SMART Monitor-
ing, Dynamic Sector Repair, Rebuild Pacing, Rebuild Schedul­ing, Background Scrubbing, Scheduled Scrubbing, Hot Swap, Hot Spare, Hardware Health Monitoring
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3ware Esca lade Storage Switch User Guide
Escalade 7000 Family (includes 7210, 7810, 7410, 7850,
7450)
• True Hardware RAID. Low CPU Utilization
• RAID Support. RAID 0, 1, 5, 10 and JBOD
• Bus Type. PCI 64 bit / 33 Mhz
• Management. 3DM Disk Management Utility
• BIOS. PC99, PnP, BBS Compliant
• Windows Support. W98, WME, WinNT, Win2k, WinXP
• Linux Support. Redhat, SuSE . (Drivers available in Open
Source.)
• Performance. Twinstor, Command Queuing, Elevator Seeking,
R5Fusion, UltraDMA100
• Field Upgrades. Field Upgradea bl e F ir mware, BIOS, 3DM and
Drivers
• Data Integrity . AT A Command Readback, SMAR T Monitor ing,
Dynamic Sector Repair, Rebuild Pacing, Rebuild Scheduling, Background Scrubbing, Scheduled Scrubbing, Hot Swap, Hot Spare, Hardware Health Monitoring

Package contents

If your package is missing any of the items listed below, contact 3ware before proceeding with installation (disk drives and disk mounting brackets are not included):
• Escalade Storage Switch in an ESD-protective bag
• 3ware driver installation media
• 3ware 3DM installation media
• ATA interface cables (one per port)
• Y-splitter cables for connecting additional drives to the power source (not provided for 2-port models)
• Escalade Installation Guide and Escalade User Guide (.pdf for­mat)
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Before you Begin

Tools required

• An ESD grounding strap or mat
• Standard hand tools to open your system’s case and install the Escalade Storage Switch into an available PCI expansion slot.

System requirements

The Escalade Storage Switch requires a workstation-class or server-class CPU whose bus complies with PCI 2.1 standards, and a PCI slot that meets the Plug and Play
and PC99 specifica­tions. The storage switch requires one full-size PCI-bus slot. It may be connected to up to two, four or eight IDE/ATA drives by the supplied 40-pin, 80-conductor ribbon interface cables.
Note: The blue end of the ri bbon i nterface cable pl ugs into
the Escalade Storage Switch and the black end plugs into the drive.
Drives must meet UltraATA-100, UltraATA-66 or UltraATA-33 standards, but may be of any capacity or physical form factor. Length of unshielded interface cables may not exceed 18” (45.7 cm).

Personal safety

Warning! High voltages may be found inside computer
equipment. Before installing any of the hardware in this package or removing the protective covers of any com­puter equipment, turn of f power swit ches and discon nect power cords. Do not reconn ect the power cor ds until you have replaced the covers.
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3ware Esca lade Storage Switch User Guide

Protecting equipment and data

Back up your data! Creating or deleting disk arrays
destroys existing files on the member drives. If your drives contain val uable dat a, back t hem up and save data elsewhere before changing your array configuration.

ESD precautions

Standard electrostatic discharge (ESD) precautions must be fol­lowed to avoid damaging computer components and accessories when installing or removing the Escalade Storage Switch.
• When the case of your comput er is op en and it s inter nal part s are exposed, don’t touch any internal part unnecessarily.
• Always wear a grounded strap or work on an ESD-protective mat.
• Don’t remove the storage switch from its protective bag until you are properly grounded.
• Handle the storage switch by its edges or by the black rail and metal bracket at its two ends.
• Don’t touch any pin, contact, lead or component on the storage switch.

Mechanical concerns

Be careful when installing the Escalade Storage Sw itch into your system. Excessive force can damage the board, the cables, your drives or your system.
• Be sure the board is aligned with its slot on the motherboard before installing. Do not flex the board excessively.
• Interface cable connectors must be mated carefully without bending any pins. The connectors provided a re keyed to prevent you from inserting them upside-down.
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• The blue end of the interface cable plugs into the board and the black end plugs into the drive.
• Interface cables are fragile and must not be crimped or pinched. Ensure that they do not impe de the f low of cooli ng air f rom fans or heat sinks in the system case.
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3ware Esca lade Storage Switch User Guide
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Introduction

Introduction
Escalade Storage Switches allow you to use low-cost IDE/ATA drives in your storage system and still achieve performance levels and fault tolerance capabilities typically found in more expensive SCSI systems. Escalade S torage Switc hes are avai lable as two, four or eight port configura tions, as well as a shortened four or eight port versions designed for higher density rack-mounted applications.
StorSwitch architecture for scalable performance
The StorSwitch Architecture, found only in 3ware products, accel­erates your storage sys tem’s performance by speeding data into sys­tem memory. Each drive has its own dedicated AccelerATA data IDE port, maximizing drive and system throughput.

RAID increases performance and adds redundancy

Escalade Storage Switches use Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks (RAID) to increase your storage system’s performance and provide fault tol eranc e. The s torag e sw itche s of fe r RAID 0 varia ble striped arrays for performance; RAID 1 mirrored arrays for fault tolerance; variable striped mirrored RAID 10 arrays for fault toler­ance and performance; and RAID 5 arrays for fault tolerance, high capacity an d storage efficiency.

RAID 0 arrays maximize performance and capacity

When drives are configured in a striped disk array (see Figure 1), the Escala de Storage Switch distribu tes large files across the multi­ple disks using RAID 0 techniq ues. St riped disk array s achieve high transfer rates because they can read or write data on more than one drive simultaneously. Striped disk arrays give exceptional perfor­mance, particularly for data intensive applic ations such as video editing, computer aided design and geographical information sys­tems. Striping your disk array concatenates each drive’s capacity
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3ware Esca lade Storage Switch User Guide
into one large volume. The stripe size is user configurable at 64K, 128K, 256K, 512K or 1M.
Figure 1. RAID 0 Configuration Example

RAID 1 arrays offer fault tolerance

Mirrored disk arrays write data to two drives using RAID 1 algo­rithms (see Figure 2). This gives your syste m faul t tole rance b y pre­serving the data on one drive if the other drive fails. Fault tolerance is a basic requirement for mission critical systems like web and database servers.
RAID -1
Figure 2. RAID 1 Configuration Example
TwinStor disk arrays
TM
T ec hnology adds per formance t o 3wa re’s mirrored
RAID -1
Traditional mirroring techniques do little to improve performance. The adaptive algorithms found in 3ware’s TwinStor technology boost performance by distinguishing between random and sequen-
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Introduction
tial read requests. For the sequential requests generated when accessing large files, both drives are u sed, with th e heads simu lta­neously reading alternating sections of the file. For the smaller ran­dom transactions, the data is read from a single optimal drive head.
Drives can be dynamically profiled, specifically for your brand of drive, during installation to customize the stripe size (for R AID configurations offering variable striping) and seek algorithms.

RAID 10 arrays maximize performance and fault tolerance

When drives are configured as a striped mirrored array, the disks are configured using bot h RAID 0 and RAID 1 te chniqu es, thus the name RAID 10 (see Figure 3). A minimum of four drives are required to use this te chnique. The fi rst two driv es are mirror ed as a fault tolerant array using RAID 1. The third and fourth drives are mirrored as a second fault tolerant array using RAID 1. The two mirrored arrays are then grouped as a striped RAID 0 array using a two tier structure. Higher data transfer rates are achieved by lever­aging TwinStor and striping (64K, 128K, 256K, 512K or 1M) the arrays. RAID 10 is available on the four and eight port Escalade Storage Switches.
Figure 3. RAID 10 Configuration Example
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3ware Esca lade Storage Switch User Guide

RAID 5 arrays optimize performance, fault tolerance, high capacity and storage efficiency

The RAID 5 configuration features the data striping of RAID 0 combined w i th the parity of RAID 4. Using a simpl e parity (exclu­sive OR) function, RAID 5 can tolera te the lo ss of one dri ve. Parity information is distributed across all drives rather than being con­centrated on a single disk (see Figure 4). This avoids throughput loss due to contentio n for the pari ty drive. You can use hot spares to rebuild a failed drive “on-the-fly”.
RAID 5 capa city = size of smallest drive × (number of drives - 1). In addition, th e array’s storage efficien cy increa ses with the number of disks; from 66.7 % for 3 drives to 87.5 % for 8 drives: storage efficiency = (number of drives -1)
÷ (number of drives).
Unlike all other RAID configu rations that offer data stri ping, except for RAID 1, RAID 5 stripe s ize is limited to 64k.
Note: BIOS will reject the creation of a RAID 5 array
having less than 3 drives.
RAID 5
0 parity
A1
A2
A3
A4
A Blocks
B0
1 parity
B2
B3
B4
B Blocks C Blocks D Blocks
C0
C1
2 parity
C3
C4
D0
D1
D2
3 parity
D4
Figure 4. RAID 5 Configuration Example
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E0
E1
E2
E3
4 parity
E Blocks
Introduction
R5 Fusion performance
TM
Technology significantly improves RAID 5 write
3ware’s R5 Fusion significantly improves RAID 5 write perfor­mance for both large sequential and small random transactions. This advanced block caching firmware technology is combined with StorSwitch to deliv er extr emely hig h performanc e for RAID 5 write operations.
Note: R5 Fusion is available only with Escalade 7450
and 7850 storage switches.

Background Media Scan and Dynamic Sector Repair enhance data integrity

Background Media Scan is an embedded feature that performs a read-scan of all dis ks in an array. An error notification is posted fo r each read error detected (see “Screen Displa y Messages” on page 145). If the array is redundant (i.e., RAID 1, 10 and 5) Dynamic Sector Repair automatically recovers the redundant data and rewrites it to the logical defective location. The drive reallo­cates the sector where the read error occurred and a notification of repair is posted. This results in the restoration of drive and data integrity; the primary and redundant data are again both valid.

Configure and manage your disk arrays

The 3ware Disk Arr ay Conf igur ati on Ut il it y is a BIOS level tool for creating, deleting, maintaining disk array s and rebuilding mir­rored arrays. From the 3DM Disk Array Configuration Utility, you can also specify hot spares from available drives to be dynami­cally subst ituted for a failed drive in a mirrored array. Refer to the 3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility chapter.
SMART Monitoring (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology) adds monitoring and troubleshooting functionality by
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3ware Esca lade Storage Switch User Guide
automatically chec ki ng a di sk drive's health and repor ti ng pot ent ial problems. It allows you to take proactive steps to prevent impend­ing disk crashes.
3DM Disk Management Utility runs in the background on the Escalade Storage Switch’s host and allows you to monitor the switch and rebuild mirrored arrays remotely via a standard web browser. To remotely a ccess 3DM, you are not required to insta ll any software on your system but you must have access to the net­work with the Escalade Storage Switch. 3DM supports hot spare and hot swap for mirrored arrays. Hot swap allows users to replace a failed drive in a mirrored array whi l e the system remains up. Refer to the 3DM Disk Management Utility chapter.
To create, delete or verify arrays, you must use the 3ware Disk Array Conf iguration Utility. To check array configuration or sta­tus, disable write cache, select a hot spare or rebuild a mirrored array, you can use the 3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility at BIOS time or 3DM Disk Management Utility in real time . Hot swap is only available through the 3DM Disk Management Util-
ity.
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Quick Installation Guide

Quick Installation Guide
Install
Storage Switch
Refer to
Hardware Installation
Create Arrays ALT-3 at Boot
Refer to
3ware Disk Array
Configuration Utility
Install System
Driver
Refer to
Windows Installation
or
Linux Installation
RAID Array
Background
Initialization Process*
Install 3DM
Refer to
3DM
Disk Management
Utility
Installation
Complete
* This process does not interfere with the installation of 3DM or the use of the array.
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3ware Esca lade Storage Switch User Guide

Step 1. Instal l the Escalade Storage Switch

Install the two, four or eight port Escalade Storage Switch in an available PCI slot. Slo ts closest to the Accelerated Graphics Port give the best performance. The blue end of the ribbon interface cable must be connected to the storage switch and the black end must be connected to the drive.

Step 2. Create Arrays

Verify your boot device precedes the Escalade Storage Switch in the boot sequence, then press Alt-3 to activate the 3ware Disk Array Conf iguration Utility at boot time. Specify RAID arrays and hot spares.

Step 3. Install System Drivers

The Escalade Stor age Switc h driver s must be in stall ed accor ding to the type of installation and the operating system. Installations include:
• Installing the storage switch while installing the operating sys­tem.
• Installing the storage switch on systems that boot from a differ­ent device.
• Replacing an existing storage switch with a new version of the switch.
Operating systems supporting the Escalade Storage Switch include:
• Windows NT 4.0
• Windows 98 SE or ME
• Windows XP
• Windows 2000
• Red Hat Linux
• SuSE Linux
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Quick Installation Guide

Step 4. RAID Array Background Initializatio n Process

The completion of the system driver installation will start the RAID array initialization process. This process may take several hours, but it does n ot interfer e with the installation of 3DM or the use of the array.

Step 5. Install 3DM

Install 3DM for Windows or Linux from the 3DM installation CD­ROM.

Windows

a:\setup from Run... in the Start menu.

Linux

mount /dev/hdc /mnt cd /mnt ./install.3dm
Answer questions concerning e-mail notification and the port num­ber for WEB monitoring.
cd / umount /mnt
Note: When specifying multiple e-mail addresses for
notification, separate e-mail addresses using a comma.
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3ware Esca lade Storage Switch User Guide
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Hardware Installation

Hardware Installation
Figure 5 shows ports and connectors on the Escalade 7850 Storage Switch.
Warning: Before proceeding with hardware installa-
tion, read the Before You Begin section completely that describes person al and syste m precau ti ons. Fai ling to do so may result in personal injury or damage to your com­puter or the Escalade Storage Switch.
2
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Figure 5. 8-Port Escalade 7850 Storage Switch Layout
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3ware Esca lade Storage Switch User Guide

To remove an existing Escalade Storage Switch

1 I f the computer is running, shut it down. Turn off power to the
computer and disconnect the power cord from the outlet.
2 Open the computer case according to the manufactur er’ s in struc -
tions.
3 Disconnect the disks from the existing Escalade Storage Switch
installed in your system. If your boot disk is connected to the storage switch and you intend to retain it as your boot device, note or mark which physical disk is connected to slot 0 on the switch. This disk should be reconnected to slot 0 on the new storage switch. Preserving the slot order of how the other drives are connected is unimportant, even if the disks are part of a disk array, although it is recommended that a plug-to-plug replace­ment is followed.
4 Remove the screw in the metal bracket at the end of the old stor-
age switch. Save the screw for installing the new switch.
5 Gently remo ve the storage switch fro m the PCI slot . 6 Remove the cables from the storage switch and discard. Reusing
interface cables is not recommended.

Connect the interface cables to the Escalade Storage Switch

1 Connect the interface cables supplied with the product to the
storage sw itch.
Note: UltraATA-66 and UltraATA-100 drives
require 40-pin, 80-conductor ribbon cables. These cables have color coded ends. For optimum perfor­mance, the blue end must be connected to the storage switch and the black end must be connected to the hard drive.
2 One edge of each interface cable should have a colored (usually
red) line denoting the conductor to Pin 1. Align the storage
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Hardware Installation
switch so that the colored line is toward the top edge of the switch. Mate the connectors carefully without bending any pins.
3 I nstall the other connectors in the same manner.

Install the Escalade Storage Switch in the computer

1 I f the computer is running, shut it down. Turn off power to the
computer and disconnect the power cord from the outlet.
2 Open the computer case according to the manufacturer’s instruc-
tions.
3 Find the PCI slot you want to use for the storage switch.
Hint: Cable routing may be easier if you install the
storage switch next to an open slot.
4 Remove the metal filler bracket for the slot. Save this screw; it
will be used to secure the storage switch after you have seated it in the slot.
Hint: While the storage switch runs properly in any
PCI slot, not all slots give equal performance du e to the architecture of the PC I bus. In our laboratories, we have noticed that the slots closest to the Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) typically give the best performance.
5 Line the storage switch up so that all pins make proper contact
with the PCI slot pins when pu shed into plac e. The black end r ail opposite the metal bracket may be removed if needed to fit the storage switch inside the chassis. The short 4-port or 8-port Escalade Stor age Switc h is keye d to ensu re prope r insta llation in a full-sized PCI slot.
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3ware Esca lade Storage Switch User Guide
6 Ensure that the contacts will mate with both grooves in the slot.
Press down gently on the edge of the storage switch directly above the slot until the it is fully seated.
7 Check that the storage switch’s metal bracket covers the hole in
the case and secure the bracket with the screw that was used to secure the filler bracket in step 4.

Connect the drives to the interface cables

1 Be sure to use the supplied cables. With the higher speeds of
UltraATA-100 and UltraATA-66, using quality cables is impor­tant.
2 Before connecting your drives, check your drives’ jumper set-
ting. The range of settings provided vary by manufacturer as do the method for adjusting them. Refer to information provided with your drives for the me th od re qui red to set them. To operate properly, the Escalade Storage Switch r equi res that drives be se t as Single (if available on your drive) or Master.
3 I f your drives are not already installed in the computer chassis,
do so now. Be sure that the drives are connected to the power supply. Y-splitter power suppl y co nnec tors are included in some kits in case you need additional power supply connections.
4 For each drive, select the black en d of a n int erfac e cabl e n ot con -
nected to the storage switch and plug it into the drive or drive carrier. The cable’s colored edge denotes Pin 1 and should be adjacent to the 4-pin power plug.

Check your installation and close the case

1 After all of the drives are connected to the storage switch and it
is installed in its slot, verify that th e cables do no t interfere w i th the operation of any other components in the case or block the flow of cooling air.
2 Close the case and reconnect the power cables.
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