3ware 5000 Series Users Guide
PN 720-0031-00 Rev A
January 16, 2001
Copyright
©2000 3ware, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, re cord ing or other wise,
without the proper written consent of 3ware, Inc., 701 East Middlefield,
Suite 300, Mountain View CA 94043.
Trademarks
3ware, the 3ware logo, DiskSwitch, and AccelerATA are trademarks of
3ware, Inc. which may be registered in some jurisdictions. Windows,
Windows 98 and Window Me are registered trademarks and Windows NT
is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and other countries
used under license.
All other trademarks are owned by their respective owners.
Disclaimer
3ware, Inc. assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this document, nor does 3ware make any commitment to update the information
contained herein.
Contents
Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Package contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Tools required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
System requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Personal safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Protecting equipment and data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Quick Install Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Step 1. Install the 3ware Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Step 2. Create Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Step 3. Install System Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Step 4. Install 3DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
To remove an existing 3ware card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Connect the interface cables to the controller . . . . . . . . . 16
Install the controller card in the computer . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Connect the drives to the interface cables . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Check your installation and close the case . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Check motherboard boot sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Invoking the 3ware BIOS tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Exiting the 3ware BIOS tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Determining your configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Creating a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Specifying a hot spare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Changing an existing configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Modifying a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Deleting a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
How to maintain or verify a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Rebuilding a mirrored disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Rebuilding a RAID 5 disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Windows Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Windows NT®4.0 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Installing the controller and Windows NT 4.0 . . . . . . . . 41
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3ware Storage Controller User Guide
Has your boot drive been partitioned? . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Boot the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Continue with Windows NT 4.0 installation . . . . . . .41
Install the driver using the 3ware diskette . . . . . . . . .42
Partition device 0 to create a boot area . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Follow display instructions to complete
Windows NT 4.0 installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . .44
Installing the controller and Windows NT 4.0 when
using the boot diskettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Has your boot drive been partitioned? . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Boot the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
Continue with Windows NT 4.0 installation . . . . . . .46
Install the driver using the 3ware diskette . . . . . . . . .46
Partition device 0 to create a boot area . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Follow display instructions to complete
Windows NT 4.0 installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Installing the controller on systems that boot from a different
device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . .50
Replacing an existing controller with a new version
of the controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Install/Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Remove the existing 3ware card and install the
new 3ware card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Windows® 98/Me Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
iv
Installing the controller while installing Windows 98/Me 59
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Boot the system from the Windows 98/Me diskette . 59
Partition the boot device using fdisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Restart the machine and format the boot device . . . . 60
Continue the standard Windows 98/Me installation . 60
Partition and format other devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Install the 3DM Disk Management Utility. . . . . . . . . 61
Installing the controller on systems that boot from
a different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Partition and format units on controller . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . 64
Replacing an existing controller with a new version
of the controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Install/Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Remove the existing 3ware card and install the
new 3ware card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Windows® 2000 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Installing the controller while installing Windows 2000 . 75
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Installing with the Initial Operating System Build . . 75
Continue with Windows 2000 installation . . . . . . . . . 75
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . 76
Installing the controller on systems that boot from
a different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . 78
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3ware Storage Controller User Guide
Replacing an existing controller with a new version of the con-
troller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Updating the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Installing/Updating the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Remove the existing 3ware card and install the
new 3ware card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91
Red Hat® Linux 6.1, 6.2 or 7.0 Installation . . . . . . . . .92
Installing the controller while installing Red Hat
Linux 6.1, 6.2 or 7.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
Boot with both the Red Hat diskette and CD-ROM . .93
Install the driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Complete the normal Red Hat installation . . . . . . . . .94
Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . .94
Installing the controller on systems that boot
from a different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . .97
SuSE® Linux 6.3 or 6.4 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
Installing the controller while installing SuSE Linux 6.3
with YaST2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Boot with the SuSE CD-ROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Install the driver via a command shell . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Continue with the normal SuSE installation . . . . . . .100
Set up system so driver will load on boot . . . . . . . . .100
Edit the lilo.conf file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . .101
Installing the controller while installing SuSE
Linux 6.3 or 6.4 with YaST1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102
vi
Materials required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Boot with the SuSE CD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Install the driver via a command shell . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Set up the system so driver will load on boot . . . . . 103
Edit the lilo.conf file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . 105
Installing the controller while installing SuSE Linux 6.4
with YaST2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Installing the controller on systems that boot
from a different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . 108
3DM Disk Management Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Windows Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Installing 3DM for Windows NT, Windows 98,
Windows 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Starting 3DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Checking Array Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Password Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Selecting I/O and Rebuild Speeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Event notification via email . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Popup notifications in a Windows environment . . . . . . 123
Mirrored Array Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Specifying a hot spare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Hot swap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Software Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Screen Display Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Appendix A
Compliance and Conformity Statements . . . . . . . . . 137
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Federal Communications Commission Radio
Frequency Interference Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
Microsoft Windows Hardware Quality Lab (WHQL) . .138
European Community Conformity Statement . . . . . . . .138
Appendix B
Warranty, Technical Support and Service . . . . . . . . .139
Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139
Exclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139
State Law Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140
Obtaining Warranty Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140
3ware Technical Support and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140
Sales and ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
Feedback on this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
viii
List of Figures
Figure 1. RAID 0 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Figure 2. RAID 1 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Figure 3. RAID 10 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Figure 4. RAID 5 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Figure 5. 3ware 8 Port Storage Controller Assembly
Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Figure 6. Disk Array Configuration Main Display,
RAID 1 Example Shown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Figure 7. Selecting Drives for a Mirrored Array . . . . . . .22
Figure 8. Create Disk Array Display, RAID 0 Example .23
Figure 9. Create Disk Array Display, RAID 5 Example .24
Figure 10. BIOS Initialization Screen for RAID 5 . . . . . .26
Figure 11.Delete Disk Array Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Figure 12.Maintain Disk Array Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Figure 13.Degraded RAID 1 Array Drive When Not
in Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Figure 14.Degraded RAID 10 Array Drive When Not
in Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Figure 15.Degraded RAID 5 Array Drive When Not
in Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Figure 16.Select Available Drive to Replace Faulted Drive,
RAID 1 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Figure 17.Rebuild Array Status Display,
RAID 1 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Figure 18.Rebuild Confirmation Display . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Figure 19.Controller Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Figure 20.Installation Complete Notification . . . . . . . . . .43
Figure 21.Remove Current Driver 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Figure 22.Install Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Figure 23.Install from Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Figure 24.Install Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Figure 25.Add New Hardware Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Figure 26.3ware Storage Controller Properties Display . .66
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3ware Storage Controller User Guide
Figure 27.Install Hardware Device Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Figure 28.Select a Device Driver Display . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Figure 29.Install from Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Figure 30.Update driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Figure 31.Final driver installation screen . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Figure 32.Controller Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Figure 33.Installation Complete Notification . . . . . . . . . 71
Figure 34.Controller Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Figure 35.Installation Complete Notification. . . . . . . . . . 76
Figure 36.Found New Hardware Wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Figure 37.3ware Storage Controller Properties Display . 80
Figure 38.Upgrade driver welcome screen . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Figure 39.Update/Install device driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Figure 40.Select a Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Figure 41.Install From Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Figure 42.Select a Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Figure 43.Start Device Driver Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Figure 44.Digital Signature Not Found . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Figure 45.Final driver installation screen . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Figure 46.Controller Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Figure 47.Installation Complete Notification . . . . . . . . . 89
Figure 48.3DM Remote Monitoring Configuration
Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Figure 49.3DM Email Notification Preferences . . . . . . 112
Figure 50.3DM Home Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Figure 51.3DM Details Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Figure 52.3DM Monitor Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Figure 53.3DM Alarm Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Figure 54.3DM Settings Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Figure 55.3DM Login Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Figure 56.3DM Windows Main Popup . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Figure 57.3DM Windows Event Notification Popup . . 125
Figure 58.3DM Windows Snapshot Popup . . . . . . . . . . 126
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Figure 59.3DM Icon in Windows System Tray . . . . . . .127
Figure 60. 3DM Configure Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
Figure 61.BIOS Error Message for Unmatched Drives .132
Figure 62.Installation or Removal Dialog Box . . . . . . . .134
Figure 63.A Warning for All Software Removal
Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Figure 64.Confirmation of Successful Software
Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135
Figure 65.Administrator Privileges Required Warning .135
Figure 66.Firmware Upgrade Requirement Warning . . .135
Figure 67.System Reboot Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136
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xii
Before you Begin
Before You Begin
This installation guide gives simple, step-by- step instructions for
installing and confi guring your 3ware Esc alade storage co ntroller .
To insure your personal safety and protect your equipment and
data, carefully read thi s section befo re you begin installing.
Package contents
The 3ware storage controller kit includes:
• 3ware storage controller in an ESD-protective bag
• 3ware driver installation media
• 3ware 3DM installation media
• ATA interface cables (one per port)
• Y-splitter cables for connecting additional drives to the power
source (not provided for 2 port models)
• User’s Guide
If your package is missing any of t hes e i tems, contact 3ware bef ore
proceeding with installation. Disk drives and disk mounting brackets are not included.
Tools required
• An ESD grounding strap or mat
• Tools to open your systems case and install the 3ware card into
an available PCI expansion slot.
System requirements
The 3ware storage controller requires a workstation-class or
server
-class CPU whose bus complies with PCI 2.1 standards,
and a PCI slot that meets the Plug and Play
‘
and PC99 specifications. The 3ware s torag e cont roll er re quire s one f ul l-size PCI-bus
slot. It may be connected to up to 2, 4, or 8 IDE/ATA drives by
the supplied 40-pin, 80-conductor ribbon interface cables.
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3ware Storage Controller User Guide
Note: The blue end of the ribbon interface cable plugs into
the 3ware storage controller and the black end plugs into
the drive.
Drives must meet Ultra ATA/66 or Ultra ATA/33 standards, but
may be of any capacity o r physical form fact or . Drives i nstall ed in a
Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disk s (RAID) confi gur at ion must
match in manufacturer, model and size. Unshielded interfac e cables
may not exceed 18” (45.7 cm) in length.
Personal safety
Warning! High voltages may be found inside computer
equipment. Before installing any of the hardware in this
package or removing the pr otective covers of any computer equipment, turn of f power swit ches and discon nect
power cords. Do not reconn ect the power co rds until you
have replaced the covers.
Protecting equipment and data
Back up your Data! Creating or dele ting disk arrays
destroys existing files on the member drives in the array.
If your drives contain valuable data, back them up and
save it elsewhere before changing your array configuration.
ESD precautions. Standard electrostatic discharge (ESD) precau-
tions must be followed to avoid damaging computer components
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Before you Begin
and accessories when installing or removing the storage controller
board.
• When the case of your computer is open and its internal parts are
exposed, don’t touch any internal part unnecessarily.
• Always wear a grounded strap or work on an ESD-protective
mat.
• Don’t remove the 3ware card from its protective bag until you
are properly grounded.
• Handle the card by its edges or the black rail and metal bracket
at the two ends of the card.
• Don’t touch any pin, contact, lead, or component on the card.
Mechanical concerns. Be gentle when installing the storage con-
troller boa rd into your system. Excessive force can damage the
board, the cables, your drives, or your system.
• Be sure the board is aligned with its slot on the motherboard
before installing. Do not flex the board excessively.
• Interface cable connectors must be mated carefully without
bending any pins. The connectors provided are keyed to prevent
you from inserting them upside-down.
• The blue end of the interface cable plugs into the 3ware storage
controller and the black end plugs into the drive.
• Interface cables are fragile and must not be crimped or pinched.
Ensure that they do not impe de the f low of cooli ng air f rom fans
or heat sinks in the system case.
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3ware Storage Controller User Guide
4 www.3ware.com
Introduction
Introduction
3ware Escalade storage controllers allow you to use low-cost IDE/
ATA drives in your storage system and still achieve performance
levels and fault tolerance capabilities typically found in more
expensive SCSI systems. Escalade storage controllers are available
as 2, 4, or 8 port configura ti ons, as well as a shortened 4 port board
version designed for higher density rack-mounted applications.
DiskSwitch‘ architecture for scalable performance
The DiskSwitch Architecture, found only in 3ware products, accelerates your stor age system’s performance by sp eeding data into sys tem memory. Each drive has its own dedicated AccelerATA data
IDE port, maximizing drive and system throughput.
RAID increases performance and adds redundancy
3ware storage controllers use Redundant Array of Inexpensive
Disks (RAID) to increase your storag e system’s performance and
provide fault tolerance. 3ware storage controllers offer RAID 0
variable striped ar rays for perfo rmance; RAID 1 mirr ored arrays f or
fault tolerance; variable striped mirrored RAID 10 arrays for fault
tolerance a nd performance; and RAID 5 arrays for fa ult toleranc e,
high capacity, and storage efficiency.
1RWH)RUPRVWYHUVLRQVRI%,26GULYHVLQVWDOOHGLQD
5$,'FRQILJXUDWLRQPXVWPDWFKLQPDQXIDFWXUHUPRGHO
DQGVL]H. Also, RAID 5 is not supported by Windows 98
or ME, or 3ware’s 5000 series storage controllers.
www.3ware.com 5
3ware Storage Controller User Guide
RAID 0 arrays maximize performance and capacity
When drives are configur ed in a striped disk array (see Figure 1),
the storage controller distributes large files across the multiple disks
using RAID 0 techniques. Striped disk arrays achieve high tr ansfer
rates because they can read or write data on more than one drive
simultaneously. Striped disk arrays give exceptional performance,
particularly for data intensive applications such as video editing,
computer aided design, and geographical information systems.
Striping you r disk ar ray con catena tes e ach drive’s capacity into one
large volume. The stripe size is user configurable at 64K, 128K,
256K, 512K, or 1M..
Figure 1. RAID 0 Configuration Example
RAID 1 arrays offer fault tolerance
Mirrored disk arrays write data to two drives using RAID 1 algorithms (see Figure 2). This gives your system fault tolerance b y preserving the data on one drive if the other drive fails. Fault tolerance
is a basic requirement for mission critical systems like web and
database servers.
6 www.3ware.com
Introduction
Figure 2. RAID 1 Configuration Example
RAID 10 arrays maximize performance and fault tolerance
When drives are configured as a striped mirrored array, the disks
are configured using bot h RAID 0 and RAID 1 te chniqu es, thus the
name RAID 10 (see Figure 3). A minimum of four drives are
required to use this te chnique. The fi rst two driv es are mirror ed as a
fault tolerant array using RAID 1. The third and fourth drives are
mirrored as a second fault tolerant array using RAID 1. The two
mirrored arrays are then grouped as a striped RAID 0 array using a
two tier structure. Higher data transfer rates are achieved by leveraging TwinStor and striping (64K, 128K, 256K, 512K, or 1M) the
arrays. RAID 10 is available on the 4- and 8-port 3ware storage
controller boards.
Figure 3. RAID 10 Configuration Example
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3ware Storage Controller User Guide
RAID 5 arrays optimize performance, fault tolerance, high capacity, and storage efficiency
The RAID 5 configuration features the data striping of RAID 0
combined w i th the parity of RAID 4. Using a simple parity (exclusive OR) function, RAID 5 can tolera te the lo ss of one dri ve. Parity
information is distributed across all drives rather than being concentrated on a single disk (see Figure 4). This avoids throughput
loss due to contentio n for the pari ty drive. You can use hot spare s to
rebuild a failed drive “on-the-fly”.
RAID 5 capa city = size of smallest drive
× (number of drives - 1).
In addition, th e array’s storage effici ency inc reases wi th the n umber
of disks; from 66.7 % for 3 drives to 87.5 % for 8 drives: storage
efficiency = (number of drives -1)
÷ (number of drives).
Unlike all other RAID con figurations that offer data striping,
RAID 5 stripe size is limited to 64k.
1RWH%,26ZLOOUHMHFWWKHFUHDWLRQRID5$,'DUUD\
KDYLQJOHVVWKDQRUPRUHWKDQGULYHV. Also, RAID 5 is
not supported by Windows 98 or ME, or 3ware’s 5000
series storage controllers.
RAID 5
0 parity
A1
A2
A3
A4
A Blocks
B0
1 parity
B2
B3
B4
B Blocks C Blocks D Blocks
C0
C1
2 parity
C3
C4
D0
D1
D2
3 parity
D4
E0
E1
E2
E3
4 parity
E Blocks
Figure 4. RAID 5 Configuration Example
8 www.3ware.com
Introduction
TwinStor‘ Technology adds performance to 3ware’s mirrored disk arrays
Traditional mirroring techniques do little to improve performance.
The adaptive algorithms found in 3ware’s TwinStor technology
boost performance by distinguishing between random and sequential read requests. For the sequential requests generated when
accessing large files, both drives are used, with the h eads simult aneously reading alternating sections of the file. For the smaller random transactions, the data is r ead f rom a si ngl e opt imal dri ve head.
Drives can be dynamically profiled, specifically for your brand of
drive, during installat ion to customize the stripe size (for RAID
configurations offering variable striping) and seek algorithms.
Configure and manage your disk arrays
The 3ware Disk Arr ay Conf igur ati on Ut il it y is a BIOS level tool
for creating, deleting, maintaining disk arrays, and rebuilding mirrored arrays. From the 3DM Disk Array Configuration Utility,
you can also specify hot spares from available drives to be dynamically subst ituted for a fa iled drive in a mirrored array. Refer to the
3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility chapter.
3DM Disk Management Utility is supporte d by Self-Monitoring,
Analysis, and Reporting Technology (SMART). SMART adds
monitoring and troubleshooting functionality by automatically
checking a disk drive's health and reporting potential problems. It
allows you to take proactive actions to prevent impending disk
crashes.
3DM Disk Management Utility runs in the background on the
3ware stor age controlle r’s host and allows you to monitor the storage controller and rebuild mirrored arrays remotely via a standard
web browser. To remotely access 3DM, you are not required to
install any so ftware on you r sys tem but you must h ave ac cess t o the
network with the 3ware storage controll er. 3DM supports hot spare
www.3ware.com 9
3ware Storage Controller User Guide
and hot swap for mirrore d array s. Hot swap al lows user s to re pla ce
a failed drive in a mirrored array while the system remains up.
Refer to the 3DM Disk Management Utility chapter.
To create, delete, or verify arrays, you must use the 3ware Disk
Array Conf iguration Utility. To check array configuration or status, disable write cache, select a hot spare, or rebuild a mirrored
array, you can use the 3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility at
BIOS time or 3DM Disk Management Utility in real time. Hot
swap is only available through the 3DM Disk Management Util-
ity.
10 www.3ware.com
Quick Install Guide
Quick Install Guide
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3ware Storage Controller User Guide
Step 1. Install the 3ware Controller
Install the 2, 4, o r, 8 port 3ware controller board i n an avai labl e PCI
slot. Slots closest to the Accelerated Graphics Port give the best
performance. The blue end of the ribbon interface cable must be
connected to the 3ware controller and the black end must be connected to the drive.
Step 2. Create Arrays
Verify your boot device precedes the 3wa re stora ge contro ller in the
boot sequence, then ALT-3 to activate the 3ware Disk Array Con-
figuration U tility at boot time. Specify RAID arrays and hot
spares.
Step 3. Install System Drivers
The 3ware controller dri vers must be i nstalle d accordin g to the type
of installation and the operating system.
Installations include:
• Installi ng the contro ller while installing the operating system.
• Installing the controll er on systems that boot from a different
device.
• Replacing an existing controller with a new version of the controller.
Operating systems supporting the 3ware controller include:
• Windows NT 4.0
• Windows 98 SE or Me, except RAID 5 configurations
• Windows 2000
• Red Hat Linux 6.1, 6.2 or 7.0
• SuSE Linux 6.3 or 6.4
12 www.3ware.com
Quick Install Guide
Step 4. Install 3DM
Install 3DM for Windows or Linux from the 3DM installation CDROM.
:LQGRZV
a:\setup from Run... in the Start menu.
/LQX[
mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /mnt
cd /mnt
./install.3dm
Answer questions concerning email notification and the port number for WEB monitoring.
cd /
umount /mnt
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3ware Storage Controller User Guide
14 www.3ware.com
+DUGZDUH,QVWDOODWLRQ
Hardware Installation
Figure 5 shows ports and connectors on the the Escalade Storage
Controller Board.
:DUQLQJBefore proceeding with hardware installa-
tion, read the Before You Begin section comple tely
describing personal and system precautions. Failing to
do so may result in personal injury or damage to your
computer or the 3ware storage controller.
1
JP3 LED drive
status connector
DiskSwitch
Note: Pin 1 and pin 4 are 5 V
and pin 2 and pin 3 are ground.
Plug cable to either pins 1 and 2
or pins 3 and 4.
Port 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
For manufacturing
use only
)LJXUH ZDUH3RUW6WRUDJH&RQWUROOHU
$VVHPEO\'UDZLQJ
www.3ware.com 15
3ware Storage Controller User Guide
To remove an existing 3ware card
1 Unplug the machine from its power source before removing or
installing any hardwa re.
2 Disconnect the disks from the existing 3ware card installed in
your system. If your boot disk is connected to the card and you
intend to retain it as your boot device, note or mark which physical disk is connected to slo t 0 on the board. This disk should be
reconnected to slot 0 on the new version of the card. Preserving
the slot order of how the other drives are connected is unimportant, even if the disks are part of a disk array, although it is recommended that a plug-to-plug replacement is followed.
3 Remove the sc rew in t he metal b racket at the end of the old c ard.
Save the screw for installing the new card.
4 Gently remove the card from the PCI slot.
5 Remove the cables from the ca rd, and set it aside.
Connect the interface cables to the controller
1 Connect the interface cables supplied with the pr oduct to the
board.
2 One edge of each interface cable should have a colored (usually
red) line denoting the conduct or to Pi n 1. Align the connect or so
that the colored line is toward the top edge of the board. Mate
the connectors carefully without bending any pins.
1RWHUltra ATA/66 drives require 40-pin, 80- con-
ductor ribbon cables. These cables have color coded
ends. The blue end must be connected to the 3ware stor age controller and the black end must be connect ed to
the hard drive or performance will be degraded.
3 Install the other connectors in the same manner.
16 www.3ware.com
+DUGZDUH,QVWDOODWLRQ
Install the control ler card in the computer
1 If the computer is running, shut it down. Turn off power to the
computer and disconnect the power cord from the outlet.
2 Open the compute r case ac cord ing to th e manufact urer’s instruc-
tions.
3 Find the PCI slot you want to use for the storage controller
board.
+LQWCable routing may be easier if you install the
board next to an open slot.
4 Remove the metal filler bracket for the slot. Save this screw; it
will be used to secure the card after you have seated it.
+LQWWhile the storage controller runs p roperly in any
PCI slot, not all slots give equal performance due to the
architecture of the PCI bus. In our laboratories, w e have
noticed that the slots cl osest to th e Accelerat ed Graphics
Port (AGP) typically give the best performance.
5 Line the ca rd up so that all pins make proper contact with the
PCI slot pins when pushed into place. The black end rail, opposite the me tal bracket, may be removed if needed to fit the card
inside the chassis. The short 4-po rt storage controller card is
keyed to ensure proper installation in a full-sized PCI slot.
6 Ensure that the contacts will mate with both grooves in the slot.
Press down gently on t he edge of th e card direc tly a bove the s lot
until the card is fully seated.
7 Verify that the card ’s metal bracket fills the ho le in the case, then
secure the bracket with the screw that was formerly used to
secure the chassis’ filler bracket.
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3ware Storage Controller User Guide
Connect the drives to the interface cables
1 Be sure to use the supplied cables. With the higher speeds of
Ultra ATA/66 and Ultra ATA/33, using quality cables is important.
2 Before connecting your drives, check your drives’ jumper set-
ting. The range of settings provided vary by manufacturer as do
the method for adjusting them. Refer to information provided
with your drives for the me th od re qui red to set them. To oper ate
properly, the storage controller require s th at dri ves be set as Sin-
gle (if available on your drive) or Master otherwise.
3 If your d rives ar e not al ready ins talled i nto the computer ch assis,
do so now. Be sure that the drives are connected to the power
supply. Y-splitter power supply connectors are included in some
kits in case you need additional power supply connections.
4 For each drive, select a black end of an interface ca ble not con-
nected to the board an d plug it into the drive. The ca ble’s colored
edge denoting Pin 1 should be adjacent to the 4-pin power plug.
Check your installation and close the case
1 After all of the drives ar e connected t o the storage controlle r and
the card is i nstalled in it s slot, verify that the cable s do not interfere with the operation of any other components in the case or
block the flow of cooling air.
2 Close the ca se and reconnect the power cables.
Check motherboard boot sequence
Using your computer’s Setup utility, ensure that your boot device
precedes the 3ware storage controller in the boot sequence. If you
have other disks installed on the mother board, the storage controller precedes them in boot order.
18 www.3ware.com
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