3ware 5000 Series Users Guide

PN 720-0031-00 Rev A January 16, 2001

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Copyright

©2000 3ware, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, re cord ing or other wise, without the proper written consent of 3ware, Inc., 701 East Middlefield, Suite 300, Mountain View CA 94043.

Trademarks

3ware, the 3ware logo, DiskSwitch, and AccelerATA are trademarks of 3ware, Inc. which may be registered in some jurisdictions. Windows, Windows 98 and Window Me are registered trademarks and Windows NT is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and other countries used under license. All other trademarks are owned by their respective owners.

Disclaimer

3ware, Inc. assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this document, nor does 3ware make any commitment to update the information contained herein.

Contents

Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Package contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Tools required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

System requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Personal safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Protecting equipment and data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Quick Install Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Step 1. Install the 3ware Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Step 2. Create Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Step 3. Install System Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Step 4. Install 3DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

To remove an existing 3ware card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Connect the interface cables to the controller . . . . . . . . . 16

Install the controller card in the computer . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Connect the drives to the interface cables . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Check your installation and close the case . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Check motherboard boot sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Invoking the 3ware BIOS tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Exiting the 3ware BIOS tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Determining your configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Creating a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Specifying a hot spare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Changing an existing configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Modifying a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Deleting a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

How to maintain or verify a disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Rebuilding a mirrored disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Rebuilding a RAID 5 disk array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Windows Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Windows NT®4.0 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Installing the controller and Windows NT 4.0 . . . . . . . . 41

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Has your boot drive been partitioned? . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Boot the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Continue with Windows NT 4.0 installation . . . . . . .41

Install the driver using the 3ware diskette . . . . . . . . .42

Partition device 0 to create a boot area . . . . . . . . . . . .42

Follow display instructions to complete

Windows NT 4.0 installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . .44

Installing the controller and Windows NT 4.0 when

using the boot diskettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Has your boot drive been partitioned? . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Boot the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

Continue with Windows NT 4.0 installation . . . . . . .46

Install the driver using the 3ware diskette . . . . . . . . .46

Partition device 0 to create a boot area . . . . . . . . . . . .47

Follow display instructions to complete

Windows NT 4.0 installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47

Installing the controller on systems that boot from a different

device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . .50

Replacing an existing controller with a new version

of the controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

Install/Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

Remove the existing 3ware card and install the

new 3ware card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Windows® 98/Me Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57

Installing the controller while installing Windows 98/Me 59

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Boot the system from the Windows 98/Me diskette . 59

Partition the boot device using fdisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Restart the machine and format the boot device . . . . 60

Continue the standard Windows 98/Me installation . 60

Partition and format other devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Install the 3DM Disk Management Utility. . . . . . . . . 61

Installing the controller on systems that boot from

a different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Partition and format units on controller . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . 64

Replacing an existing controller with a new version

of the controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Install/Update the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Remove the existing 3ware card and install the

new 3ware card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Windows® 2000 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Installing the controller while installing Windows 2000 . 75

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Installing with the Initial Operating System Build . . 75

Continue with Windows 2000 installation . . . . . . . . . 75

Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . 76

Installing the controller on systems that boot from

a different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Install the 3DM disk management utility . . . . . . . . . 78

3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Replacing an existing controller with a new version of the con-

troller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79

Updating the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79

Installing/Updating the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . .82

Remove the existing 3ware card and install the

new 3ware card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88

Reboot the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88

Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91

Red Hat® Linux 6.1, 6.2 or 7.0 Installation . . . . . . . . .92

Installing the controller while installing Red Hat

Linux 6.1, 6.2 or 7.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93

Boot with both the Red Hat diskette and CD-ROM . .93

Install the driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94

Complete the normal Red Hat installation . . . . . . . . .94

Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . .94

Installing the controller on systems that boot

from a different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . .97

SuSE® Linux 6.3 or 6.4 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

Installing the controller while installing SuSE Linux 6.3

with YaST2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99

Boot with the SuSE CD-ROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99

Install the driver via a command shell . . . . . . . . . . . .99

Continue with the normal SuSE installation . . . . . . .100

Set up system so driver will load on boot . . . . . . . . .100

Edit the lilo.conf file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101

Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . .101

Installing the controller while installing SuSE

Linux 6.3 or 6.4 with YaST1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102

Materials required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Boot with the SuSE CD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Install the driver via a command shell . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Set up the system so driver will load on boot . . . . . 103

Edit the lilo.conf file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . 105

Installing the controller while installing SuSE Linux 6.4

with YaST2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Installing the controller on systems that boot

from a different device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Create disk arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Install the 3ware driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Install and run 3DM disk management utility . . . . . 108

3DM Disk Management Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Windows Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Installing 3DM for Windows NT, Windows 98,

Windows 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Linux Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Starting 3DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Checking Array Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Password Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Selecting I/O and Rebuild Speeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Event notification via email . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Popup notifications in a Windows environment . . . . . . 123

Mirrored Array Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Specifying a hot spare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Hot swap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Software Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Screen Display Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Appendix A

Compliance and Conformity Statements . . . . . . . . . 137

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Federal Communications Commission Radio

Frequency Interference Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137

Microsoft Windows Hardware Quality Lab (WHQL) . .138

European Community Conformity Statement . . . . . . . .138

Appendix B

Warranty, Technical Support and Service . . . . . . . . .139

Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139

Exclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139

State Law Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140

Obtaining Warranty Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140

3ware Technical Support and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140

Sales and ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141

Feedback on this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141

viii

List of Figures

Figure 1. RAID 0 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Figure 2. RAID 1 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Figure 3. RAID 10 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Figure 4. RAID 5 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Figure 5. 3ware 8 Port Storage Controller Assembly

Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Figure 6. Disk Array Configuration Main Display,

RAID 1 Example Shown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Figure 7. Selecting Drives for a Mirrored Array . . . . . . .22

Figure 8. Create Disk Array Display, RAID 0 Example .23 Figure 9. Create Disk Array Display, RAID 5 Example .24

Figure 10. BIOS Initialization Screen for RAID 5 . . . . . .26

Figure 11.Delete Disk Array Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Figure 12.Maintain Disk Array Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Figure 13.Degraded RAID 1 Array Drive When Not

in Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Figure 14.Degraded RAID 10 Array Drive When Not

in Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Figure 15.Degraded RAID 5 Array Drive When Not

in Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Figure 16.Select Available Drive to Replace Faulted Drive,

RAID 1 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Figure 17.Rebuild Array Status Display,

RAID 1 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Figure 18.Rebuild Confirmation Display . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Figure 19.Controller Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . .43

Figure 20.Installation Complete Notification . . . . . . . . . .43

Figure 21.Remove Current Driver 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Figure 22.Install Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

Figure 23.Install from Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54

Figure 24.Install Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Figure 25.Add New Hardware Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Figure 26.3ware Storage Controller Properties Display . .66

3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Figure 27.Install Hardware Device Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Figure 28.Select a Device Driver Display . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Figure 29.Install from Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Figure 30.Update driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Figure 31.Final driver installation screen . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Figure 32.Controller Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Figure 33.Installation Complete Notification . . . . . . . . . 71

Figure 34.Controller Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Figure 35.Installation Complete Notification. . . . . . . . . . 76

Figure 36.Found New Hardware Wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Figure 37.3ware Storage Controller Properties Display . 80

Figure 38.Upgrade driver welcome screen . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Figure 39.Update/Install device driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Figure 40.Select a Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Figure 41.Install From Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Figure 42.Select a Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Figure 43.Start Device Driver Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Figure 44.Digital Signature Not Found . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Figure 45.Final driver installation screen . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Figure 46.Controller Quick-Splash Screen . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Figure 47.Installation Complete Notification . . . . . . . . . 89

Figure 48.3DM Remote Monitoring Configuration

Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Figure 49.3DM Email Notification Preferences . . . . . . 112

Figure 50.3DM Home Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Figure 51.3DM Details Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Figure 52.3DM Monitor Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Figure 53.3DM Alarm Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Figure 54.3DM Settings Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Figure 55.3DM Login Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Figure 56.3DM Windows Main Popup . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Figure 57.3DM Windows Event Notification Popup . . 125

Figure 58.3DM Windows Snapshot Popup . . . . . . . . . . 126

Figure 59.3DM Icon in Windows System Tray . . . . . . .127

Figure 60. 3DM Configure Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128

Figure 61.BIOS Error Message for Unmatched Drives .132

Figure 62.Installation or Removal Dialog Box . . . . . . . .134

Figure 63.A Warning for All Software Removal

Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134

Figure 64.Confirmation of Successful Software

Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135

Figure 65.Administrator Privileges Required Warning .135 Figure 66.Firmware Upgrade Requirement Warning . . .135

Figure 67.System Reboot Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136

3ware Storage Controller User Guide

xii

Before you Begin

Before You Begin

This installation guide gives simple, step-by- step instructions for installing and confi guring your 3ware Esc alade storage co ntroller . To insure your personal safety and protect your equipment and data, carefully read thi s section befo re you begin installing.

Package contents

The 3ware storage controller kit includes:

• 3ware storage controller in an ESD-protective bag

• 3ware driver installation media

• 3ware 3DM installation media

• ATA interface cables (one per port)

• Y-splitter cables for connecting additional drives to the power source (not provided for 2 port models)

• User’s Guide

If your package is missing any of t hes e i tems, contact 3ware bef ore proceeding with installation. Disk drives and disk mounting brackets are not included.

Tools required

• An ESD grounding strap or mat

• Tools to open your systems case and install the 3ware card into an available PCI expansion slot.

System requirements

The 3ware storage controller requires a workstation-class or server

-class CPU whose bus complies with PCI 2.1 standards,

and a PCI slot that meets the Plug and Play

‘

and PC99 specifications. The 3ware s torag e cont roll er re quire s one f ul l-size PCI-bus slot. It may be connected to up to 2, 4, or 8 IDE/ATA drives by the supplied 40-pin, 80-conductor ribbon interface cables.

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Note: The blue end of the ribbon interface cable plugs into

the 3ware storage controller and the black end plugs into the drive.

Drives must meet Ultra ATA/66 or Ultra ATA/33 standards, but may be of any capacity o r physical form fact or . Drives i nstall ed in a Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disk s (RAID) confi gur at ion must match in manufacturer, model and size. Unshielded interfac e cables may not exceed 18” (45.7 cm) in length.

Personal safety

Warning! High voltages may be found inside computer

equipment. Before installing any of the hardware in this package or removing the pr otective covers of any computer equipment, turn of f power swit ches and discon nect power cords. Do not reconn ect the power co rds until you have replaced the covers.

Protecting equipment and data

Back up your Data! Creating or dele ting disk arrays

destroys existing files on the member drives in the array. If your drives contain valuable data, back them up and save it elsewhere before changing your array configuration.

ESD precautions. Standard electrostatic discharge (ESD) precau-

tions must be followed to avoid damaging computer components

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Before you Begin

and accessories when installing or removing the storage controller board.

• When the case of your computer is open and its internal parts are

exposed, don’t touch any internal part unnecessarily.

• Always wear a grounded strap or work on an ESD-protective

mat.

• Don’t remove the 3ware card from its protective bag until you

are properly grounded.

• Handle the card by its edges or the black rail and metal bracket

at the two ends of the card.

• Don’t touch any pin, contact, lead, or component on the card.

Mechanical concerns. Be gentle when installing the storage con-

troller boa rd into your system. Excessive force can damage the board, the cables, your drives, or your system.

• Be sure the board is aligned with its slot on the motherboard

before installing. Do not flex the board excessively.

• Interface cable connectors must be mated carefully without

bending any pins. The connectors provided are keyed to prevent you from inserting them upside-down.

• The blue end of the interface cable plugs into the 3ware storage

controller and the black end plugs into the drive.

• Interface cables are fragile and must not be crimped or pinched.

Ensure that they do not impe de the f low of cooli ng air f rom fans or heat sinks in the system case.

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

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Introduction

3ware Escalade storage controllers allow you to use low-cost IDE/ ATA drives in your storage system and still achieve performance levels and fault tolerance capabilities typically found in more expensive SCSI systems. Escalade storage controllers are available as 2, 4, or 8 port configura ti ons, as well as a shortened 4 port board version designed for higher density rack-mounted applications.

DiskSwitch‘ architecture for scalable performance

The DiskSwitch Architecture, found only in 3ware products, accelerates your stor age system’s performance by sp eeding data into sys tem memory. Each drive has its own dedicated AccelerATA data IDE port, maximizing drive and system throughput.

RAID increases performance and adds redundancy

3ware storage controllers use Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks (RAID) to increase your storag e system’s performance and provide fault tolerance. 3ware storage controllers offer RAID 0 variable striped ar rays for perfo rmance; RAID 1 mirr ored arrays f or fault tolerance; variable striped mirrored RAID 10 arrays for fault tolerance a nd performance; and RAID 5 arrays for fa ult toleranc e, high capacity, and storage efficiency.

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5$,'FRQILJXUDWLRQPXVWPDWFKLQPDQXIDFWXUHUPRGHO

DQGVL]H. Also, RAID 5 is not supported by Windows 98

or ME, or 3ware’s 5000 series storage controllers.

www.3ware.com 5

3ware Storage Controller User Guide

RAID 0 arrays maximize performance and capacity

When drives are configur ed in a striped disk array (see Figure 1), the storage controller distributes large files across the multiple disks using RAID 0 techniques. Striped disk arrays achieve high tr ansfer rates because they can read or write data on more than one drive simultaneously. Striped disk arrays give exceptional performance, particularly for data intensive applications such as video editing, computer aided design, and geographical information systems. Striping you r disk ar ray con catena tes e ach drive’s capacity into one large volume. The stripe size is user configurable at 64K, 128K, 256K, 512K, or 1M..

Figure 1. RAID 0 Configuration Example

RAID 1 arrays offer fault tolerance

Mirrored disk arrays write data to two drives using RAID 1 algorithms (see Figure 2). This gives your system fault tolerance b y preserving the data on one drive if the other drive fails. Fault tolerance is a basic requirement for mission critical systems like web and database servers.

6 www.3ware.com

Introduction

Figure 2. RAID 1 Configuration Example

RAID 10 arrays maximize performance and fault tolerance

When drives are configured as a striped mirrored array, the disks are configured using bot h RAID 0 and RAID 1 te chniqu es, thus the name RAID 10 (see Figure 3). A minimum of four drives are required to use this te chnique. The fi rst two driv es are mirror ed as a fault tolerant array using RAID 1. The third and fourth drives are mirrored as a second fault tolerant array using RAID 1. The two mirrored arrays are then grouped as a striped RAID 0 array using a two tier structure. Higher data transfer rates are achieved by leveraging TwinStor and striping (64K, 128K, 256K, 512K, or 1M) the arrays. RAID 10 is available on the 4- and 8-port 3ware storage controller boards.

Figure 3. RAID 10 Configuration Example

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

RAID 5 arrays optimize performance, fault tolerance, high capacity, and storage efficiency

The RAID 5 configuration features the data striping of RAID 0 combined w i th the parity of RAID 4. Using a simple parity (exclusive OR) function, RAID 5 can tolera te the lo ss of one dri ve. Parity information is distributed across all drives rather than being concentrated on a single disk (see Figure 4). This avoids throughput loss due to contentio n for the pari ty drive. You can use hot spare s to rebuild a failed drive “on-the-fly”.

RAID 5 capa city = size of smallest drive

× (number of drives - 1).

In addition, th e array’s storage effici ency inc reases wi th the n umber of disks; from 66.7 % for 3 drives to 87.5 % for 8 drives: storage efficiency = (number of drives -1)

÷ (number of drives).

Unlike all other RAID con figurations that offer data striping, RAID 5 stripe size is limited to 64k.

1RWH%,26ZLOOUHMHFWWKHFUHDWLRQRID5$,'DUUD\

KDYLQJOHVVWKDQRUPRUHWKDQGULYHV. Also, RAID 5 is not supported by Windows 98 or ME, or 3ware’s 5000 series storage controllers.

RAID 5

0 parity

A1 A2 A3 A4

A Blocks

1 parity

B2 B3 B4

B Blocks C Blocks D Blocks

2 parity

C3 C4

3 parity

E1 E2 E3

4 parity

E Blocks

Figure 4. RAID 5 Configuration Example

8 www.3ware.com

Introduction

TwinStor‘ Technology adds performance to 3ware’s mirrored disk arrays

Traditional mirroring techniques do little to improve performance. The adaptive algorithms found in 3ware’s TwinStor technology boost performance by distinguishing between random and sequential read requests. For the sequential requests generated when accessing large files, both drives are used, with the h eads simult aneously reading alternating sections of the file. For the smaller random transactions, the data is r ead f rom a si ngl e opt imal dri ve head.

Drives can be dynamically profiled, specifically for your brand of drive, during installat ion to customize the stripe size (for RAID configurations offering variable striping) and seek algorithms.

Configure and manage your disk arrays

The 3ware Disk Arr ay Conf igur ati on Ut il it y is a BIOS level tool for creating, deleting, maintaining disk arrays, and rebuilding mirrored arrays. From the 3DM Disk Array Configuration Utility, you can also specify hot spares from available drives to be dynamically subst ituted for a fa iled drive in a mirrored array. Refer to the 3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility chapter.

3DM Disk Management Utility is supporte d by Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (SMART). SMART adds monitoring and troubleshooting functionality by automatically checking a disk drive's health and reporting potential problems. It allows you to take proactive actions to prevent impending disk crashes.

3DM Disk Management Utility runs in the background on the 3ware stor age controlle r’s host and allows you to monitor the storage controller and rebuild mirrored arrays remotely via a standard web browser. To remotely access 3DM, you are not required to install any so ftware on you r sys tem but you must h ave ac cess t o the network with the 3ware storage controll er. 3DM supports hot spare

www.3ware.com 9

3ware Storage Controller User Guide

and hot swap for mirrore d array s. Hot swap al lows user s to re pla ce a failed drive in a mirrored array while the system remains up. Refer to the 3DM Disk Management Utility chapter.

To create, delete, or verify arrays, you must use the 3ware Disk Array Conf iguration Utility. To check array configuration or status, disable write cache, select a hot spare, or rebuild a mirrored array, you can use the 3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility at BIOS time or 3DM Disk Management Utility in real time. Hot swap is only available through the 3DM Disk Management Util-

ity.

10 www.3ware.com

Quick Install Guide

www.3ware.com 11

3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Step 1. Install the 3ware Controller

Install the 2, 4, o r, 8 port 3ware controller board i n an avai labl e PCI slot. Slots closest to the Accelerated Graphics Port give the best performance. The blue end of the ribbon interface cable must be connected to the 3ware controller and the black end must be connected to the drive.

Step 2. Create Arrays

Verify your boot device precedes the 3wa re stora ge contro ller in the boot sequence, then ALT-3 to activate the 3ware Disk Array Con- figuration U tility at boot time. Specify RAID arrays and hot spares.

Step 3. Install System Drivers

The 3ware controller dri vers must be i nstalle d accordin g to the type of installation and the operating system.

Installations include:

• Installi ng the contro ller while installing the operating system.

• Installing the controll er on systems that boot from a different

device.

• Replacing an existing controller with a new version of the controller.

Operating systems supporting the 3ware controller include:

• Windows NT 4.0

• Windows 98 SE or Me, except RAID 5 configurations

• Windows 2000

• Red Hat Linux 6.1, 6.2 or 7.0

• SuSE Linux 6.3 or 6.4

12 www.3ware.com

Quick Install Guide

Step 4. Install 3DM

Install 3DM for Windows or Linux from the 3DM installation CDROM.

:LQGRZV

a:\setup from Run... in the Start menu.

/LQX[

mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /mnt cd /mnt ./install.3dm

Answer questions concerning email notification and the port number for WEB monitoring.

cd / umount /mnt

www.3ware.com 13

3ware Storage Controller User Guide

14 www.3ware.com

+DUGZDUH,QVWDOODWLRQ

Hardware Installation

Figure 5 shows ports and connectors on the the Escalade Storage Controller Board.

:DUQLQJBefore proceeding with hardware installa-

tion, read the Before You Begin section comple tely describing personal and system precautions. Failing to do so may result in personal injury or damage to your computer or the 3ware storage controller.

JP3 LED drive status connector

DiskSwitch

Note: Pin 1 and pin 4 are 5 V and pin 2 and pin 3 are ground. Plug cable to either pins 1 and 2 or pins 3 and 4.

Port 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

For manufacturing use only

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www.3ware.com 15

3ware Storage Controller User Guide

To remove an existing 3ware card

1 Unplug the machine from its power source before removing or

installing any hardwa re.

2 Disconnect the disks from the existing 3ware card installed in

your system. If your boot disk is connected to the card and you intend to retain it as your boot device, note or mark which physical disk is connected to slo t 0 on the board. This disk should be reconnected to slot 0 on the new version of the card. Preserving the slot order of how the other drives are connected is unimportant, even if the disks are part of a disk array, although it is recommended that a plug-to-plug replacement is followed.

3 Remove the sc rew in t he metal b racket at the end of the old c ard.

Save the screw for installing the new card.

4 Gently remove the card from the PCI slot. 5 Remove the cables from the ca rd, and set it aside.

Connect the interface cables to the controller

1 Connect the interface cables supplied with the pr oduct to the

board.

2 One edge of each interface cable should have a colored (usually

red) line denoting the conduct or to Pi n 1. Align the connect or so that the colored line is toward the top edge of the board. Mate the connectors carefully without bending any pins.

1RWHUltra ATA/66 drives require 40-pin, 80- con-

ductor ribbon cables. These cables have color coded ends. The blue end must be connected to the 3ware stor age controller and the black end must be connect ed to the hard drive or performance will be degraded.

3 Install the other connectors in the same manner.

16 www.3ware.com

+DUGZDUH,QVWDOODWLRQ

Install the control ler card in the computer

1 If the computer is running, shut it down. Turn off power to the

computer and disconnect the power cord from the outlet.

2 Open the compute r case ac cord ing to th e manufact urer’s instruc-

tions.

3 Find the PCI slot you want to use for the storage controller

board.

+LQWCable routing may be easier if you install the

board next to an open slot.

4 Remove the metal filler bracket for the slot. Save this screw; it

will be used to secure the card after you have seated it.

+LQWWhile the storage controller runs p roperly in any

PCI slot, not all slots give equal performance due to the architecture of the PCI bus. In our laboratories, w e have noticed that the slots cl osest to th e Accelerat ed Graphics Port (AGP) typically give the best performance.

5 Line the ca rd up so that all pins make proper contact with the

PCI slot pins when pushed into place. The black end rail, opposite the me tal bracket, may be removed if needed to fit the card inside the chassis. The short 4-po rt storage controller card is keyed to ensure proper installation in a full-sized PCI slot.

6 Ensure that the contacts will mate with both grooves in the slot.

Press down gently on t he edge of th e card direc tly a bove the s lot until the card is fully seated.

7 Verify that the card ’s metal bracket fills the ho le in the case, then

secure the bracket with the screw that was formerly used to secure the chassis’ filler bracket.

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Connect the drives to the interface cables

1 Be sure to use the supplied cables. With the higher speeds of

Ultra ATA/66 and Ultra ATA/33, using quality cables is important.

2 Before connecting your drives, check your drives’ jumper set-

ting. The range of settings provided vary by manufacturer as do the method for adjusting them. Refer to information provided with your drives for the me th od re qui red to set them. To oper ate properly, the storage controller require s th at dri ves be set as Sin- gle (if available on your drive) or Master otherwise.

3 If your d rives ar e not al ready ins talled i nto the computer ch assis,

do so now. Be sure that the drives are connected to the power supply. Y-splitter power supply connectors are included in some kits in case you need additional power supply connections.

4 For each drive, select a black end of an interface ca ble not con-

nected to the board an d plug it into the drive. The ca ble’s colored edge denoting Pin 1 should be adjacent to the 4-pin power plug.

Check your installation and close the case

1 After all of the drives ar e connected t o the storage controlle r and

the card is i nstalled in it s slot, verify that the cable s do not interfere with the operation of any other components in the case or block the flow of cooling air.

2 Close the ca se and reconnect the power cables.

Check motherboard boot sequence

Using your computer’s Setup utility, ensure that your boot device precedes the 3ware storage controller in the boot sequence. If you have other disks installed on the mother board, the storage controller precedes them in boot order.

18 www.3ware.com

3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility

The 3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility allows you to create disk arrays by combining disks, deleting disks or breaking disk arrays back into their me mber disks. You can also specify an available drive as a hot spare. If an array becomes degraded, the hot spare will automatically be substituted for the faulted drive.

1RWHIf no drives are attached to the storage cont roller

the BIOS wi ll not be insta lled. The storage controller shares one IRQ on the PCI bus.

Invoking the 3ware BIOS tool

Reboot your system. During the boot phase, wait until you see a message sim ilar to the fol lowing:

3ware Storage Controller BIOS X.xx

Port 0 QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0 GB Port 1 QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0 GB Port 2 QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0 GB Port 3 QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0 GB

... Press <Alt-3> to access 3ware Configuration Screen ...

Press ALT-3 immediately to bring up the 3ware Disk Array Con- figuration display.

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Exiting the 3ware BIOS tool

T o save y our config uration modi ficati ons, hit t he F8 key. After you have hit the F8 key to commit yo ur changes , a li st of af fect ed drive s will be displayed and you will be asked to confirm your configuration. The booting process will resume. If you have selected mirrored arrays, after the operating system is running, the sto r age controller board will automatically run a background initialization to verify that both disks in the arrays are identical.

To exit the 3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility without saving your changes, hit ESC.

Determining your configuration

&DXWLRQConfiguring a disk array writes format- type

data onto it s member disk s and overwrites all the files on those disks. Back up data that requires retention.

With a 2 port 3ware storage controller you are limited to a twodrive JBOD (Just a Bunch of Disks) or a single two-drive array. With a 4 port 3ware storage controller, you can combine from two to four disks into a single array. With four disks, you can create a four drive RAID 0 array, two RAID 1 arrays, one RAID 5 array, or one RAID 10 array.

Using the 8 port 3ware storage controller, the 4 port configuration can be duplicated. In addition, you may also create a five, six, seven, or eight drive RAID 0 or RAID 5 array.

1RWH3ware’s 5000 series storage controllers do not

support RAID 5 configurations.

20 www.3ware.com

3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility

The 3ware Disk Arra y Configur ation main displa y shows the current disk drive configur ation.

• Available Drives reports independent drives (JBOD), not asso-

ciated wit h an array.

• Disk Arrays lists any existing arrays al ong with their member

disks and hot spares.

3ware Disk Array Configuration

Available Drives:

Disk Arrays: Array Unit 0 - Mirror 30.0GB Port 0 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Port 1 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Array Unit 2 - Mirror 30.0GB Port 2 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB Port 3 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Create Array

Help

Restore Initial Values

Delete Array

Previous/Next

Maintain Array

Toggle Hot Spare

Esc

Cancel

Rebuild Array

Enter

Select/Deselect

Done

Figure 6. Disk Array Configuration Main Display, RAID 1 Example Shown

Throughout the utility (see Figure 6), use the Up and Down arrow keys to navigate, Enter to select the disks or buttons, and F1 for context sensitive help. Toggle Hot Spare verbiage is black when the cursor is over a drive that can be sp ecified as a hot spare and gray when hot spare cannot be specified. If you’ve made mistakes and want to start over, F6 will return your starting values. Escape will exit the configuration utility as well as abandon your changes. F8 will save your changes and exit the utility.

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Creating a disk array

To create an array, first select the drives to be included by nav igating the cursor over each drive and pressing Enter. (See Figure 7.) An asterisk in the left most column indicates the drive is selected. You may include from two to eight drives in the array by selecting drives from the A vailable Dri ves section. To include drives that are part of an existing disk array, you must delete that array first.

3ware Disk Array Configuration

Available Drives: *Port 0 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB *Port 1 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB Port 2 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Port 3 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Disk Arrays:

Create Array

Help

Restore Initial Values

Delete Array

Previous/Next

Maintain Array

Toggle Hot Spare

Esc

Cancel

Rebuild Array

Enter

Select/Deselect

Done

Figure 7. Selecting Drives for a Mirrored Array

+LQW

To maximize disk space, include only drives of equal capacity. The capacity of each drive is limited to the capaci ty of the smallest drive in the array. The array must also be configured only with equivalent drives.

total capacity of the array = (number of drives in the array) X

22 www.3ware.com

(capacity of smallest drive in the array)

3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility

After selecting all the drives for the array, navigate to the Create Array button. Hit Enter to bring up the Create Disk Array dis-

play (see Figure 8 and Figure 9 for examples). Check that the proper drives are listed.

Create Disk Array

Note: Creating an array will overwrite existing data on its drives.

Create a disk array from these drives:

Port 0 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Port 1 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Select RAID Configuration:

Array's Write Cache State:

Stripe (RAID 0)

enable

Stripe Size:

Cancel

64 KB 120KB 250KB 512KB 1mb

HelpF1

Previous/Next

Change ValueEnter

CancelEsc

Figure 8. Create Disk Array Display, RAID 0 Example

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Create Disk Array

Note:Creating an array will overwrite existing data on its drives.

Create a disk array from these drives:

Port 1 - IBM-DTLA-387815 512 M

Port 2 - IBM-DTLA-387815 512 M Port 3 - IBM-DTLA-387815 512 M

Select RAID Configuration:

Array's Write Cache State:

HelpF1

Previous/Next

RAID 5

enable

Stripe Size:

Cancel

Change ValueEnter

64 KB

CancelEsc

Figure 9. Create Disk Array Display, RAID 5 Example

Select RAID configuration

The 3ware storage controllers give you a choice of four RAID configurations. Select one.

• Stripe (RAID 0): maximizes performance and capacity through a process called striping . High performance arrays writ e portions of a single file across multiple drives. There is no fault tolerance.

• Mirror (RAID 1): duplicate or “mirror” the data on both drives. No data will be lost if one of the drives fails.

• RAID 10: combine mirroring and striping, providing both fault tolerance and high performance. RAID 10 arrays use a mini- mum of four drives. Configurations consist of 4, 6, or 8 drives.

• RAID 5: combines parity data and st ripi ng, provi ding fau lt tol erance, high capacity, and high storage efficiency. The parity data is distributed acr oss al l dr ive s, rather th an be ing con centr ate d on a single disk, to avoid throughput loss due to corrections for the

24 www.3ware.com

3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility

parity drive. RAID 5 arrays requre a minimum of three drives and are not supported by 3ware’s 5000 series storage controllers. Configurations consist of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 drives.

For RAID 5 Array, initialize using BIOS

Because of the Read-Modi fy-Write operations, you must fi rs t write zeros to all drives in the array before the array is functional. The screen, shown in Figure 10, appears after selecting Create Array.

If the write-zeros operation is aborted by the user for any reason, the unit will go into initializing mode when restarte d. Initializing scans the entire array to verify the parity. If coherency problems appear, the parity will be corrected to match the data found on that stripe.

&DXWLRQ:KHQUXQQLQJLQLQLWLDOL]LQJPRGHWKHDUUD\

LVQRWUHGXQGDQW<RXFDQQRWUHPRYHDQ\GULYH

www.3ware.com 25

3ware Storage Controller User Guide

3ware Disk Array Configuration

Available Drives:

Port 0 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP KX27.3 512 M

Disk Arrays: Array Unit 1 - 3 drive 64K RAID 5 1.0 GB Port 1 - IBM-DTLA

Port 2 - IBM-DTLA Port 3 - IBM-DTLA

Init RAID5 Array Unit 1

Percentage done : 25%

Create Array

Help

Restore Initial Values

Delete Array

Previous/Next

Maintain Array

Toggle Hot Spare

Esc

Cancel

Rebuild Array

Enter

Select/Deselect

Done

Figure 10. BIOS Initialization Screen for RAID 5

Select striping size

For a RAID 1 or RAID 10 configuration, select the striping size. Sizes of 64K, 128K, 256K, 512K, or 1M are selected using the Strip Size box, shown in Figure 8. RAID 5 only allows a 64K stripe size.

Select write cache properties

The 3ware storage controllers give you a choice of disabling the write cache for your disk arrays. Write cache is used to store data locally on the drive before it is written to the disk, allowing the computer to continue with its next task. Enabling the write cache results in the most efficient access times for your co mpute r s y st em. There may be instances, however, when you always want the computer to wait for the drive to write all the data to disk be fore going on to its next task. For this case, you must disable the write cache.

26 www.3ware.com

3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility

To disable the write cache, select not in use from the array’s Write Cache State selection. Th e default for Write Cache State is in use.

Confirm array configuration

Select the OK button to confirm creating the array, or Cancel to reject it. The array is not actually created and no data will be overwritten until you have finished making all your changes and select the F8 key.

Specifying a hot spare

3ware storage controll ers give you the option to specify a hot spare from one of your Available Drives. If a hot spare is specified and the mirror degrad es, an event n otificati on will be gen erated. The hot spare will dynamically replace the failed drive in a mirrored array without user intervention. Select a hot spar e by navigating to an Available Drive. The Toggle Hot Spare verbiage at the bottom of the screen will be black if the drive can be used as a hot spare. Enter S to select the hot spare.

1RWHHot spare drives need to have the same or larger

storage capacity than the Raid 1 or Raid 10 drives.

Changing an existing configuration

1 Back up any disk arra ys that cont ain dat a that you want to retain

before the configuration change.

2 Create new disk arrays follo wing the instructions in the Deter-

mining your configuration, Creating a disk array, and Deleting a disk array sections. Note that you may need to delete

existing arrays to free u p disks first.

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

3 Partition and format any new disk arrays and free disk. 4 When you are fi nished configuring, restore from backup any

data saved from previous disk arrays

Modifying a disk array

T o modify an existing array, you must first delete it, then re-create it with the new drives. As with all dis k array operations, there is no way to modify an existing array without overwriting data on the drives involved.

Deleting a disk array

To delete an array (see Figure 11), first select the array by navigating to it and hitting Enter. An asterisk in the left most column indi- cates the array is selected.

3ware Disk Array Configuration

Available Drives:

Disk Arrays: *Array Unit 0 - Stripe 64K 120.0GB Port 0 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB Port 1 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Port 2 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB Port 3 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Create Array

Help

Restore Initial Values

Delete Array

Previous/Next

Maintain Array

Toggle Hot Spare

Esc

Cancel

Rebuild Array

Enter

Select/Deselect

Done

Figure 11. Delete Disk Array Display

28 www.3ware.com

3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility

Navigate to the Delete Array button and hit Enter to bring up the Delete Disk Array display. Check that the correct drives are listed.

Select the OK key to confir m delet ing the arra y, or Cancel to reject it. Recall that the array is not actually deleted and no data will be overwritten until you have finished making all your changes and selected the F8 key.

How to maintain or verify a disk array

The Maintain Disk Array display (see Figure 12) shows the current disk array configurations that you have selected. Write Cache State can be changed. Refer to Select write cache properties paragraph in the Cr eati ng a dis k ar ray. V e rify Ar ray can be s pecif ied as no or yes. The default is no. Yes launches a foreground process that compares the two drives of a Raid 1 or Raid 10 (m irrored) array, sector by sector. If the verify array process determines that the drives are not identical, the mirror is degraded and the rebuild process is launched.

www.3ware.com 29

3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Maintain Disk Array

The array listed below can have its write cache state changed. Verify checks the data integrity of a fault tolerant array.

Array Unit 2 - Mirror 30.0GB

Port 2 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB Port 3 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

in use

Cancel

Change ValueEnter

Write Cache State:

Verify Array:

HelpF1

Previous/Next

Figure 12. Maintain Disk Array Display

CancelEsc

30 www.3ware.com

3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility

Rebuilding a mirrored disk array

3ware storage controllers allow you to create fault tolerant disk arrays by selecting a mirrored RAID 1 or RAID 10 array. These disk arrays store identical data on two or more drives to protect against drive failur e. If one or more of the drive s of a mirrored arr ay is removed, unplugged, or fails on read or write requests, the array is marked as DEGRADED and the drive is marked as Not In Use. (See Figure 13 and Figure 14.)

You can still read and writ e dat a fro m a de graded disk a rray, but the array will not be fault tolerant until it is rebuilt using the Rebuild feature, described in the 3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility or 3DM Disk Management Utility chapters.

3ware Disk Array Configuration

Available Drives:

Port 2 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Port 3 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Disk Arrays: Array Unit 0 - Mirror 30.0GB DEGRADED Port 0 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB Not in Use Port 1 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Create Array

Help

Restore Initial Values

Delete Array

Previous/Next

Maintain Array

Toggle Hot Spare

Esc

Cancel

Rebuild Array

Enter

Select/Deselect

Done

Figure 13. Degraded RAID 1 Array Drive When Not in Use

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

3ware Disk Array Configuration

Available Drives:

Disk Arrays: Array Unit 0 - RAID 10 60.0GB DEGRADED Port 0 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB Not in Use Port 1 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Port 2 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB Port 3 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Create Array

Help

Restore Initial Values

Delete Array

Previous/Next

Maintain Array

Toggle Hot Spare

Esc

Cancel

Rebuild Array

Enter

Select/Deselect

Done

Figure 14. Degraded RAID 10 Array Drive When Not in Use

1RWH

A RAID 10 array can be configured with either 4, 6, or 8 disks. In a 4-dr ive configuration, up to two drives can be rebuilt. In a 6-drive configuration, up to three drives can be rebuilt. In an 8-drive configuration, up to four drives can be rebuilt.

32 www.3ware.com

3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility

Rebuilding a RAID 5 disk array

3ware stora ge controllers allow you to create fault tol erant RAID 5 disk arrays. These disk arrays achieve fault tolerance by using a simple (exclusive OR) function to generate the parity data that is distributed on al l drive s. If one of the drives is re moved, unplu gged, or fails on read or write requests, the array is marked as DEGRADED and the drive is marked as Not In Use. (See Figure 15.) When running in Degraded mode, the missing data is reconstructed from all non-degraded drives.

3ware Disk Array Configuration

Available Drives:

Port 0 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP KX27.3 512 M

Disk Arrays:

Array Unit 1 - 3 drive 64K RAID 5 1.0GB DEGRADED

Port 1 - IBM-DTLA-387815 512 M

Port 2 - IBM-DTLA-387815 512 M Not in Use

Port 3 - IBM-DTLA-387815 512 M

Create Array

Help

Restore Initial Values

Delete Array

Previous/Next

Maintain Array

Toggle Hot Spare

Esc

Cancel

Rebuild Array

Enter

Select/Deselect

Done

Figure 15. Degraded RAID 5 Array Drive When Not in Use

As in the case of RAID 1 and 10 arrays, RAID 5 arrays allow you to read and write data from a degraded disk array, but the array will not be fault tolerant until it is rebuilt using the Rebuild feature, described in the 3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility or 3DM Disk Management Utility chapters.

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Rebuilding a mirrored or RAID 5 array with no hot spare

1 Reboot the system and enter the Disk Array Configuration

Utility.

2 If your mirrored or RAID 5 array has a Not in Use member

drive, the drive may still be usable. Try rebuilding with the Not in Use drive intact. Simply select the array and then the Rebuild button.

3 Confirm that you selected the correct array by hitting OK in the

Rebuild confirmation display.

4 Select F8 to exit the Disk Array Configuration Utility. The

array will begin rebui lding a fter complet ion of t he oper ating system load.

5 If the rebuild fails and you have no Available Drives, you must

replace the drive and restart the rebuild process with the new drive. If the rebuild process fails and you have Available

Drives, reboot the system and enter the Disk Array Configura- tion Utility.

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3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility

6 Select an available drive to replace the faulted drive in the array

by navigating the cursor over the available drive and hitting Enter. (See Figure 16.) An asterisk in the left most column indicates the drive is selected.

3ware Disk Array Configuration

Available Drives:

Port 2 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB *Port 3 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Disk Arrays: *Array Unit 1 - Mirror 30.0GB DEGRADED Port 1 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Create Array

Help

Restore Initial Values

Delete Array

Previous/Next

Maintain Array

Toggle Hot Spare

Esc

Cancel

Rebuild Array

Enter

Select/Deselect

Done

Figure 16. Select Available Drive to Replace Faulted Drive, RAID 1 Example

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

7 Navigate to the Rebuild Array button and press Enter (see

Figure 17). A status screen will be displayed with your requested array and member drives.

3ware Disk Array Configuration

Available Drives: Port 2 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Disk Arrays: Array Unit 1 - Mirror 30.0GB REBUILDING (after F8) Port 1 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Port 3 - QUANTUM FIREBALLP LM30 30.0GB

Create Array

Help

Restore Initial Values

Delete Array

Previous/Next

Maintain Array

Toggle Hot Spare

Esc

Cancel

Rebuild Array

Enter

Select/Deselect

Done

Figure 17. Rebuild Array Status Display, RAID 1 Example

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3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility

8 Press F8 to rebuild. The rebuild confirmati on sc reen will be dis-

played (see Figure 18).

3ware Disk Array Configuration

Creating or destroying arrays will destroy all existing data on their member disk drives.

Data on the following drives will be destroyed.

Port 3 QUANTUM FIREBALL LM30

Also, Array Unit 1 will be rebuilt by copying data

from Port 1 QUANTUM FIREBALL LM3...to Port 3 QUANTUM FIREBALL LM3

Update configuration and exit? [Y/N]

Restore Initial ValuesF6

CancelEsc

DoneF8

Figure 18. Rebuild Confirmation Display

9Enter Y to update configurations and exit.

Auto rebuild of a mirrored or RAID 5 array

If a hot spare is specified and the mirrored or RAID 5 array degrades, an event notification is generated and the hot spare dynamically replaces the failed drive in the array without user intervention. Rebuild wil l automat ical ly be la unched a s backgr oun d process and an event notification will notify the user when the rebuild process is complete.

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Auto rebuild on power failure

During dri ver startup, 3ware’s auto rebuild feature sets a flag indicating that th e dri ver l oaded. Upon an order ly shu tdown, t he fl ag is rewritten, indicating a clean shutdown. During the next system power cycle, the firmware queries the flag. For a RAID 1 configuration, if there was a probl em, th e firmware de grades the sec ondary drive in the array and starts the background rebuild of the mirrored drive. When t he rebuild is complete, the tw o halves of the m irror will be resynchronized. For a RAID 5 configuration, if there is a problem, the firmware starts the background verification that checks that the parity matches the data.

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Windows Installation

Note: If you haven’t yet installed the hardware, retur n

to the Hardware Installati on section. The hardware must be installed before you can configure the 3ware storage controller.

Windows NT 4.0 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 40

Windows 98/Me Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 57

Windows 2000 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 73

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Windows NT®4.0 Installation

The 3ware storage c ontroller may be configured t o be your syst em’s boot device, or you can us e another device, such as a disk attached to the motherboard as your boot device. Use your system’s Setup utility to set the boot order according to how you install your operating syste m.

If Windows NT has not been installed on the system, follow the instructions in either of the following sections (note: use of a boot floppy diskette may be required by some systems):

Installing the controller and Windows NT 4.0 (page 41). Installing the controller and Windows NT 4.0 when using the boot diskettes (page 45).

If you are installing the storage controller on a s ystem that al ready has Windows NT installed on a drive connected to another storage controller, follow the instructi ons in:

Installing the controller on systems that boot from a different device (page 49).

If you are replacing an installed 3ware storage controller with a newer 3ware storage cont roller, follow the instructions in

Replacing an existing controller with a new version of the controller (page 51).

Note: Windo ws NT 4.0 driver requires Se rvice Pack 4 or

later. Also, you cannot install the driver or the operating system unless y ou have admin istr ator privi leges for y our system.

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Windows NT®4.0 Installation

Installing the controller and Windows NT 4.0

Materials required:

• Windows NT 4.0 installati on CD-ROM

• 3ware CD-ROM

• 3ware Windows driver installation diskette

Has your boot drive been partitioned?

Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 Setup occasionally has problems installing on drive s that hav e not bee n partit ioned. If y ou are havi ng trouble, you may need to cr eate a partition on the drive where you plan to install Windows NT 4.0.

1Use the FDISK DOS utility to get your disk partitioned and

ready for installation quickly:

2 Boot MS-DOS and use FDISK to create a partition on the boot

drive. The partition does not need to be formatted or made active. Wit h FDISK you are limited to 4 GB for your boot partition. If you need a larger boot space, create a single small (e.g., 100 MB) partition, then adjust the size during Windows NT 4.0 Setup.

Boot the system

Insert the Windows NT 4.0 CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive.

Create disk arrays

Refer to the 3ware Disk Array Configuration Utility chapter.

Continue with Windows NT 4.0 installation

1 When Setup is Inspecting Your Computer Hardware Config-

uration is displayed, press F6 immediately.

2 You will see a Windows NT 4.0 Setup display.

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

3 Press S to specify that you will be installing an additional mass

storage device. On the display that follows, select Other and press Enter.

Install the driver using the 3ware diskette

1 You will be asked to insert a manufacturer-supplied hardware

support disk. Insert the 3ware Windows driver installation diskette into the floppy drive and pr ess Enter. DO NOT use the dis- kette labeled specifically for Windows NT driver installation.

2 Select the 3ware Storage Controller from the display that

appears and press Enter again. Ensure the path to this drive r is correct in Copy manufacturer’s files from: at the bo ttom o f the box. To do this, type A:\winnt

3 After the driver is loaded from the diskette, you will receive the

message “Setup has recognized the following mass storage devices in your computer:” The list will contain the 3ware Stor- age Controller. If it does not appear, you must check the hardware and restart this software installation. Otherwise, press Enter.

Partition device 0 to create a boot area

1 Follow the displayed instructions for Windows NT 4.0 installa-

tion as directed until the following message appears “The list below shows existing partitions and spaces available for creating partitions.”

2 The partit ions list s hould contain an entry for yo ur 3ware st orage

controller that resembles the following: 4111 MB Disk 0 at Id 0 on bus 0 on 3waregsm. If it does not include a 3ware entry, check your hardware and restart the software installation process.

3 Create a partition in the unpartitioned space of device 0 for

installing Windows NT 4.0. Keep in mind that the space available in a disk array is often larger than is allowed in a single partition. Format the partition as desired with FAT or NTFS.

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Windows NT®4.0 Installation

Follow display instructions to complete W indows NT 4.0 installation

1 Continue with the normal Windows NT 4.0 installation. 2 Log in as administrator. You should see a brief splash screen

(see Figure 19) followed immediately by an Installation Com- plete notification (see Figure 20).

3 Partition and format any new disk arrays or independent disks

using Disk Administrator in the remaining steps: aFrom the Start menu, choose Programs. bFrom the Programs menu, choose Administrative Tools. cFrom the Administrative Tools menu, choose Disk Admin-

istrator.

Figure 19. Controller Quick-Splash Screen

Figure 20. Installation Complete Notification

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3ware Storage Controller User Guide

Install the 3DM disk management utility

Refer to 3DM Disk Management Utility chapter.

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Windows NT®4.0 Installation

Installing the controller and Windows NT 4.0 when using the boot diskettes

Materials required:

• Windows NT 4.0 boot installat ion disket tes (3)

• Windows NT 4.0 installati on CD-ROM

• 3ware Windows NT 4.0 driver installation diskette

• 3ware CD-ROM

Note: This installation proc edure uses W in dows NT 4.0

diskettes in addition to the Windows NT 4.0 CD-ROM. Other installation methods should work, but be sure to detect the board and to install the driver at the appropriate time.