SpeedTouch™780 (WL)
Residential ADSL Gateway with VoIP (MGCP)
User’s Guide
WLAN DSL |
InternetVoice |
|
SpeedTouch™
780 (WL)
User’s Guide
MGCP
Copyright
Copyright ©1999-2005 THOMSON. All rights reserved.
Distribution and copying of this document, use and communication of its contents is not permitted without written authorization from THOMSON. The content of this document is furnished for informational use only, may be subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by THOMSON. THOMSON assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this document.
Thomson Telecom Belgium
Prins Boudewijnlaan, 47
B-2650 Edegem
Belgium
www.speedtouch.com
Trademarks
The following trademarks are used in this document:
SpeedTouch™ is a trademark of THOMSON.
Bluetooth® word mark and logos are owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc.
Ethernet™ is a trademark of Xerox Corporation.
Wi-Fi® and the Wi-Fi logo are registered trademarks of the Wi-Fi Alliance. "Wi-Fi CERTIFIED", "Wi-Fi ZONE", "Wi-Fi Alliance", their respective logos and "Wi-Fi Protected Access" are trademarks of the Wi-Fi Alliance.
UPnP™ is a certification mark of the UPnP™ Implementers Corporation.
Microsoft®, MS-DOS®, Windows® and Windows NT® are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
Apple® and Mac OS® are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Incorporated, registered in the United States and other countries.
UNIX® is a registered trademark of UNIX System Laboratories, Incorporated.
Adobe®, the Adobe logo, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader are trademarks or registered trademarks of Adobe Systems, Incorporated, registered in the United States and/or other countries.
Netscape® and Netscape Navigator® are registered trademarks of Netscape Communications Corporation.
Other brands and product names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Document Information
Status: v1.0 (January 2006)
Reference: E-DOC-CTC-20051017-0153
Short Title: User’s Guide ST780 (WL) R5.4
Contents
About this User’s Guide .............................................. |
1 |
1 Getting to know your SpeedTouch™ |
......................... 3 |
|
1.1 |
SpeedTouch™ LED Behaviour ........................................................ |
4 |
1.2 |
Accessing your SpeedTouch™ ....................................................... |
6 |
1.2.1 Access via the Web Interface .......................................................................................... |
7 |
|
1.2.2 |
Access via CLI................................................................................................................... |
8 |
1.2.3 |
Access via FTP................................................................................................................ |
10 |
1.2.4 |
Remote Assistance ........................................................................................................ |
13 |
2 |
Local Network Setup.................................................. |
15 |
2.1 |
Wired Ethernet ............................................................................. |
16 |
2.2 |
USB .............................................................................................. |
17 |
2.3 |
Wireless Ethernet ......................................................................... |
20 |
2.3.1 |
Wireless Basics .............................................................................................................. |
21 |
2.3.2 Connecting Wireless Clients for the First Time ........................................................... |
23 |
|
2.3.3 |
Wireless Security ........................................................................................................... |
25 |
2.3.4 Connecting Additional Wireless Clients....................................................................... |
27 |
|
2.3.5 Extending the Range of Your Wirelstess Network...................................................... |
29 |
3 Internet Connectivity Dial-In Clients ......................... |
31 |
|
3.1 |
SpeedTouch™ Web Pages ............................................................ |
33 |
3.2 |
Internet Gateway Device Control Agent...................................... |
35 |
E-DOC-CTC-20051017-0153 v1.0
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Contents
ii
4 |
Voice over IP................................................................ |
37 |
4.1 |
Telephony Setup .......................................................................... |
38 |
4.2 |
Supplementary Telephony Services............................................. |
40 |
5 |
SpeedTouch™ Web Interface .................................... |
43 |
5.1 |
Navigation.................................................................................... |
44 |
5.1.1 |
Menu ............................................................................................................................... |
45 |
5.1.2 |
Language Bar ................................................................................................................. |
46 |
5.1.3 |
Navigation Bar ............................................................................................................... |
47 |
5.1.4 |
Notification Area ............................................................................................................ |
48 |
5.1.5 |
Tasks ............................................................................................................................... |
49 |
5.2 |
Home ............................................................................................ |
50 |
5.3 |
SpeedTouch ................................................................................. |
51 |
5.3.1 |
Information..................................................................................................................... |
52 |
5.3.2 |
SpeedTouch™ Easy Setup............................................................................................ |
53 |
5.3.3 |
Restart............................................................................................................................. |
54 |
5.3.4 |
Configuration ................................................................................................................. |
55 |
5.3.5 Back up & Restore.......................................................................................................... |
56 |
|
5.3.6 Reset to Factory Defaults .............................................................................................. |
57 |
|
5.3.7 |
Event Logs ...................................................................................................................... |
58 |
5.4 |
Broadband Connection................................................................. |
59 |
5.4.1 |
Connectivity Check ........................................................................................................ |
60 |
5.4.2 |
DSL Connection ............................................................................................................. |
61 |
5.4.3 |
Internet Services ............................................................................................................ |
62 |
5.4.4 |
Internet Service Settings ............................................................................................... |
63 |
E-DOC-CTC-20051017-0153 v1.0
Contents
5.5 |
Toolbox ........................................................................................ |
64 |
5.5.1 |
Remote Assistance ........................................................................................................ |
65 |
5.5.2 |
Telephony....................................................................................................................... |
66 |
5.5.3 |
Game & Application Sharing ........................................................................................ |
67 |
5.5.4 |
Defined Games & Applications..................................................................................... |
69 |
5.5.5 |
Game or Application Definition .................................................................................... |
70 |
5.5.6 |
New Game or Application............................................................................................. |
72 |
5.5.7 |
Parental Control ............................................................................................................. |
73 |
5.5.8 |
Web Filtering Activation................................................................................................ |
76 |
5.5.9 |
Content Level ................................................................................................................. |
77 |
5.5.10 |
New Content Level......................................................................................................... |
78 |
5.5.11 |
Firewall ........................................................................................................................... |
80 |
5.5.12 |
Intrusion Detection ........................................................................................................ |
83 |
5.5.13 |
Dynamic DNS ................................................................................................................. |
84 |
5.5.14 |
User Management ......................................................................................................... |
85 |
5.5.15 |
Edit User ......................................................................................................................... |
87 |
5.5.16 |
Change Default User...................................................................................................... |
88 |
5.5.17 |
Add User......................................................................................................................... |
89 |
5.6 |
Home Network ............................................................................. |
90 |
5.6.1 |
Devices............................................................................................................................ |
91 |
5.6.2 |
Device Settings .............................................................................................................. |
92 |
5.6.3 |
Assign Public IP.............................................................................................................. |
94 |
5.6.4 |
Wireless Device Settings............................................................................................... |
95 |
5.6.5 |
Access Point Settings .................................................................................................... |
96 |
5.6.6 |
Configuring WDS ......................................................................................................... |
100 |
5.6.7 |
Interfaces ...................................................................................................................... |
101 |
5.6.8 |
Interface Settings ......................................................................................................... |
102 |
5.6.9 |
DHCP Pool .................................................................................................................... |
103 |
6 Troubleshooting........................................................ |
105 |
E-DOC-CTC-20051017-0153 v1.0
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Contents
6.1 |
General SpeedTouch™ Troubleshooting .................................... |
106 |
6.1.1 |
Wired Ethernet Troubleshooting ................................................................................ |
107 |
6.1.2 |
Wireless Ethernet Troubleshooting............................................................................ |
108 |
6.2 |
UPnP™ on Windows XP Systems............................................... |
109 |
6.3 |
Voice over IP Troubleshooting................................................... |
111 |
6.4 |
Reset to Factory Defaults .......................................................... |
112 |
iv
E-DOC-CTC-20051017-0153 v1.0
About this User’s Guide
A note provides additional information about a topic.
|
A tip provides an alternative method or shortcut to perform an action. |
! |
A caution warns you about potential problems or specific precautions that |
need to be taken. |
Documentation and
software updates
Generally, the SpeedTouch™780(i) and the SpeedTouch™ 780(i) WL will be referred to as SpeedTouch™ in this User’s Guide.
THOMSON continuously develops new solutions, but is also committed to improve its existing products.
For suggestions regarding this document, please contact documentation.speedtouch@thomson.net.
For more information on THOMSON's latest technological innovations, documents and software releases, visit us at: www.speedtouch.com.
E-DOC-CTC-20051017-0153 v1.0 |
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About this User’s Guide
2 |
E-DOC-CTC-20051017-0153 v1.0 |
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Chapter 1
Getting to know your SpeedTouch™
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Chapter 1
Getting to know your SpeedTouch™
Power |
Ethernet |
WLAN |
DSL |
Voice |
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Internet |
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USB |
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The following table shows the meaning of the different LEDs.
Indicator |
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Description |
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Name |
Colour |
State |
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Power |
Green |
Solid on |
Power on, normal operation |
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Red |
Solid on |
Power on, self-test failed, indicating |
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device malfunction |
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Orange |
Solid on |
Bootloader active |
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Off |
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Power off |
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Ethernet |
Green |
Blinking |
Ethernet activity |
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Solid on |
Ethernet connection, no activity |
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Off |
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No Ethernet connection |
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USB |
Green |
Blinking |
USB activity |
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Solid on |
USB connection, no activity |
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Off |
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No USB connection |
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4 |
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Chapter 1
Getting to know your SpeedTouch™
Indicator |
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Description |
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Name |
Colour |
State |
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WLAN |
Green |
Blinking |
Wireless activity, WPA encryption |
|
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Solid on |
No wireless activity, WPA encryption |
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Amber |
Blinking |
Wireless activity, WEP encryption |
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Solid on |
No wireless activity, WEP encryption |
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Red |
Blinking |
Wireless activity, no security |
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Solid on |
No wireless activity, no security |
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Red/ |
Toggling |
Wireless client registration phase |
|
green |
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Off |
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WLAN disabled |
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DSL |
Green |
Blinking |
Pending DSL line synchronisation |
|
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Solid on |
DSL line synchronised |
|
|
|
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Off |
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No DSL line |
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Internet |
Green |
Blinking |
Internet activity |
|
|
|
|
|
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Solid on |
Internet connectivity, no activity |
|
|
|
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Red |
Solid on |
Internet connection setup failed |
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Off |
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No Internet connection |
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Voice |
Green |
Solid on |
VoIP service up |
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Blinking |
VoIP activity |
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Off |
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VoIP service down |
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Chapter 1
Getting to know your SpeedTouch™
Access Method |
Can be used to |
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Web browser |
Configure your SpeedTouch™ via HTTP or |
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HTTPS. |
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For more information, see “1.2.1 Access via |
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the Web Interface” on page 7. |
|
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Command Line Interface (CLI) |
Fine-tune your SpeedTouch™ configuration. |
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For more information, see “1.2.2 Access via |
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CLI” on page 8. |
|
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File Transfer Protocol (FTP) |
Back up and restore data on your |
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SpeedTouch™. |
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For more information, see “1.2.3 Access via |
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FTP” on page 10. |
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Remote Assistance |
Allow a remote user to help you configuring |
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your SpeedTouch™. |
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For more information, see “1.2.4 Remote |
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Assistance” on page 13. |
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|
6 |
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Chapter 1
Getting to know your SpeedTouch™
Proceed as follows:
1Open a Web browser.
2In the address bar, type your SpeedTouch™’s IP address or DNS host name (http://speedtouch.lan or 192.168.1.254 by default)
You can access the pages via HTTP or HTTPS.
For remote assistance the secure version HTTPS is used in combination with certificates. Simply provide your ISP with the link as shown, user name and password before he can log on to the pages. For more information, see “1.2.4 Remote Assistance” on page 13.
The SpeedTouch™ Home page appears, from where you can navigate to all the configurable aspects of the SpeedTouch™.
For more information on the Web pages, see “5 SpeedTouch™ Web Interface” on page 43.
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Chapter 1
Getting to know your SpeedTouch™
You can access the Command Line Interface (CLI) via:
A Telnet session
This requires a TCP/IP connection between the host from which the Telnet session is opened and the SpeedTouch™. Your SpeedTouch™ and the connected computer must have an IP address in the same subnet.
Quote site commands (over FTP)
For more information, see “ Quote site command” on page 12.
For more information on CLI commands, see the SpeedTouch™ CLI Reference Guide.
8 |
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Chapter 1
Getting to know your SpeedTouch™
Proceed as follows:
1 Open a telnet application.
You can use the Command Prompt window.
In Microsoft Windows XP for instance:
1 On the Windows taskbar, click Start.
2 Select (All) Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt.
2 Connect to your SpeedTouch™.
In the Command Prompt window:
At the prompt, type telnet followed by the IP address of your
SpeedTouch™ (192.168.1.254 by default).
3 Enter your SpeedTouch™ security user name and password.
The default user is ‘Administrator’ and the default password is blank.
As soon as you have opened a session to the CLI, the SpeedTouch™ banner is displayed, followed by the CLI prompt, as shown in the example below.
Username : Administrator
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
- |
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______ |
SpeedTouch |
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* |
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* |
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___/_____/\ |
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Version 5.4 |
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/ |
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/\\ |
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_____/__ |
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/ |
\\ |
Copyright (c) 1999-2005, |
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* |
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_/ |
/\_____/___ \ |
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* |
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// |
/ |
\ |
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/\ \ |
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THOMSON |
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* |
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_______//_______/ |
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/ _\/______ |
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* |
__/ |
/ |
/ \ |
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/ / |
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/\ |
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* |
/ |
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\ / |
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/ / |
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/ _\__ |
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* |
/ / |
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\_______\/ |
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/ / |
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/ / |
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/\ |
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* /_/______/___________________/ /________/ /___/ |
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* \ \ |
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___________ |
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* |
\_\ |
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/\ |
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\ \ |
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\ \___\/ |
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\/ |
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\_____/ |
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\ \________\/ |
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/__________/ |
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_____ |
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/_____\/ |
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\ / |
/\ |
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/___\/ |
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/____/ |
\ \ |
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/___\/ |
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* |
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\____\/ |
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------
{Administrator}=>
E-DOC-CTC-20051017-0153 v1.0 |
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Chapter 1
Getting to know your SpeedTouch™
You can access the file system of the SpeedTouch™ via the File Transfer Protocol (FTP), in order to:
Restore or back up configuration files, templates or language packs.
Upgrade your configuration.
The SpeedTouch™ file system is stored on non-volatile memory and contains the SpeedTouch™ software, service template files and (optionally) default setting files.
Proceed as follows:
1 Open a Command Prompt window.
In Microsoft Windows XP for instance:
1On the Windows taskbar, click Start.
2Select (All) Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt.
2At the prompt, type ftp followed by the IP address of your SpeedTouch™ (192.168.1.254 by default).
3Enter your SpeedTouch™ security user name and password.
The default user is ‘Administrator’ and the default password is blank.
The example below shows an FTP session to the SpeedTouch™ file system.
The root directory contains:
all the necessary files for the SpeedTouch™ to start correctly
the dl directory
The dl directory contains the software image.
If you made changes to the SpeedTouch™ configuration and saved them, a user.ini configuration settings file is created in the dl subdirectory.
10 |
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Chapter 1
Getting to know your SpeedTouch™
File system access In the different directories you have the following rights: rights
Directory |
Access rights |
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root |
NO read/write |
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dl |
read/write |
|
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Common FTP
commands
Depending on the access rights you have in a directory, you can use one of the following commands:
Use the |
to ... |
command ... |
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|
|
cd |
access another directory than the one currently open. |
|
Example: ftp>cd dl. |
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dir |
list the directory files. |
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Example: ftp>dir. |
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bin |
set the transfer mode to ‘binary’. |
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hash |
turn on the hashing option. |
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put |
upload files. |
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Example: ftp>put C:/MyBackupFiles/user.ini. |
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A configuration file must be uploaded to the dl directory. |
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get |
download files. |
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Example: ftp>get user.ini. |
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Downloading the configuration file must be done from the dl |
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directory. |
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delete |
delete files. |
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bye |
quit FTP. |
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E-DOC-CTC-20051017-0153 v1.0 |
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Chapter 1
Getting to know your SpeedTouch™
Turn on the hashing option to see the progression of the file transfer: At the ftp prompt, type hash and press ENTER.
Example.
/home/doejohn{1}$ftp 192.168.1.254 Connected to 192.168.1.254
220 Inactivity timer = 120 seconds. Use 'site idle <secs>' to change. Name (192.168.1.254:doejohn):
331 SpeedTouch™ (00-90-D0-01-02-03) User 'doejohn' OK. Password requir ed.
Password : ######
330 OK ftp> ftp>bin
200 TYPE is now 8-bit binary ftp>
ftp>hash
200Hash mark printing on (8192 bytes/hash mark). ftp>cd dl
250 Changed to /dl ftp>put C:\user.ini
200 Connected to 192.168.1.10 port 1271
150 Opening data connection for user.ini
226 File written successfully
ftp: 256 bytes sent in 0,000Seconds 256000,000Kbytes/sec. ftp>
Example: To execute the CLI command :ip iplist to list all IP addresses currently assigned to SpeedTouch™ interfaces, at the FTP prompt, type ‘quote site ip iplist’ and press ENTER.
ftp> quote site ip iplist
200Interface |
Type |
IP-address |
Point-to-point/Mask |
|
200- 2 |
LocalNetwork |
Ethernet |
10.0.0.138 |
255.255.255.0 |
200- 2 |
LocalNetwork |
Ethernet |
*192.168.1.254 |
255.255.255.0 |
200- 1 |
Internet |
Serial |
81.240.198.191 |
81.240.198.1 |
200- 0 |
loop |
Internal |
127.0.0.1 |
255.255.255.255 |
200- |
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200 CLI command "ip iplist" executed ftp>
For more information on CLI commands, see the SpeedTouch™ CLI Reference
Guide.
12 |
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Chapter 1
Getting to know your SpeedTouch™
You can make your SpeedTouch accessible from the Internet with regard to remote support. In this way, you can allow your help desk to access your SpeedTouch™ remotely.
Proceed as follows:
1Go to the SpeedTouch™ pages, as described in “1.2.1 Access via the Web Interface” on page 7.
2In the menu, select Toolbox > Remote Assistance.
3Click Enable Remote Assistance.
4Provide the following parameters to your help desk:
URL (the HTTPS link)
User name
Password
Your ISP is now able to access your SpeedTouch™ via the HTTPS link in combination with the provided certificate (a secure authentication mechanism).
For security reasons, remote assistance will be automatically disabled after 20 minutes of inactivity, or after restarting your SpeedTouch™.
Proceed as follows:
1Go to the SpeedTouch™ pages, as described in “1.2.1 Access via the Web Interface” on page 7.
2In the menu, select Toolbox > Remote Assistance.
3Click Disable Remote Assistance.
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Chapter 1
Getting to know your SpeedTouch™
14 |
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Chapter 2
Local Network Setup
Wired Ethernet
USB (v1.1)
Wireless Ethernet on the SpeedTouch™780 WL
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Chapter 2
Local Network Setup
Using the SpeedTouch™ Ethernet switch, you can create a local Ethernet network of up to four devices, without needing extra networking devices.
In the SpeedTouch™ package, a yellow full-wired straight-through RJ-45/
RJ-45 Ethernet cable is included.
Standard wiring Use the yellow Ethernet cable provided to wire your computer's Ethernet port to procedure one of the SpeedTouch™'s Ethernet ports.
The Ethernet cable can also be used to wire an Ethernet port of your
SpeedTouch™ to any external Ethernet hub or switch.
Please follow the installation instructions supplied with the external hub or switch for connections and Ethernet cabling.
For more information, see “ Device settings” on page 15.
Managed Ethernet Your SpeedTouch™ intelligently switches data between the devices on your LAN, switch using priority queuing to ensure that higher priority messages are delivered first
and in real time. This feature maximizes your network performance.
The managed Ethernet switch allows you to configure a Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN), group ports or isolate a port, configure secure channel connections, define Quality of Service (QoS), and configure port mirroring, allowing monitoring from one port to another.
You can configure the managed Ethernet switch manually using CLI (For more information, see the SpeedTouch™ CLI Reference Guide).
16 |
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cEIFTS 17 |
Chapter 2
Local Network Setup
The first time you connect the SpeedTouch™ to your computer through the USB port, you will be prompted for a USB driver as soon as you plug the USB cable into the computer.
You can find the required USB driver software on the Setup CD. The installation is Plug and Play, meaning that installation requires almost no effort.
Proceed as follows:
1Insert the blue USB cable into the SpeedTouch™ USB port marked with the USB logo:
A USB logo looks like this:
2Insert the other end of the USB cable into (one of) the USB port(s) of your computer. In most cases your computer's USB port is marked with the same USB symbol.
You can also connect your computer to the SpeedTouch™ via a USB hub.
Microsoft Windows will automatically recognise the Thomson USB Remote NDIS device.
The Windows Found New Hardware Wizard appears:
This wizard will guide you through the installation procedure of the USB drivers.
3 Click Next to continue.
The Windows Found New Hardware Wizard may ask your authorisation to connect to Windows Update to search for software. If this is the case, select No, not this time, and then click Next.
4Select Install the software automatically (Recommended), and then click Next.
The USB driver is being installed. After a while a completing dialogue will appear.
5Click Finish to complete the installation.
Your USB connection is installed and ready for use.
18 |
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Chapter 2
Local Network Setup
The SpeedTouch™ USB connection is represented as a local network interface. You can easily check this interface by opening the Network Connections window from Windows’ Control Panel.
You can find the required USB driver software on the Setup CD. The installation is Plug and Play, meaning that installation requires almost no effort.
Proceed as follows:
1Insert the blue USB cable into the SpeedTouch™ USB port marked with the USB logo.
A USB logo looks like this:
2Plug the other end of the USB cable into (one of) the USB port(s) of your computer. In most cases your computer's USB port is marked with the same USB symbol.
You can also connect your computer to the SpeedTouch™ via a USB hub, provided that the hub is autonomously powered.
Mac OS X will automatically recognise the detection of a new port.
3Make sure the SpeedTouch™ Setup CD is inserted, and then click OK.
4In the Network window, click Apply Now.
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The SpeedTouch™ 780 WL Wi-Fi® certified IEEE 802.11g compliant wireless access point allows multiple computers to connect wirelessly to your local network over the SpeedTouch™ Wireless LAN environment. The SpeedTouch™ is backward compatible with IEEE 802.11b, which means 802.11b and 802.11g devices can coexist in the same wireless network.
The Wireless Distribution System (WDS) on your SpeedTouch™ allows you to extend the range of your wireless network. To be able to use WDS, you will need to introduce an additional WDS-enabled access point into your wireless network.
To be able to connect the computers, make sure that a wireless client adapter (WLAN client) is installed on each computer you want to connect via the WLAN.
All wireless client adapters compliant to 802.11g and/or 802.11b can communicate with the SpeedTouch™ and other members of the SpeedTouch™ (W)LAN environment. However, be aware that only 802.11g compliant wireless clients are able to gain full profit of the 54 Mb/s (Max) bandwidth delivered by the SpeedTouch™.
It is highly recommended to use only wireless client adapters that are Wi-Fi™ certified to ensure smooth interoperability with the SpeedTouch™’s WLAN.
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802.11b/g |
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802.11b is an IEEE standard, operating at 2,4 GHz at a speed of up to 11 Mb/s. |
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802.11g, a newer IEEE standard also operating at 2,4 GHz, gives you up to 54 |
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Mb/s speed, more security and better performance. |
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Wireless Fidelity |
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The Wi-Fi certification ensures that your SpeedTouch™ will interoperate with any |
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Wi-Fi certified 802.11g and 802.11b compliant wireless device. |
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Access Point |
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The SpeedTouch™ Wireless LAN Access Point (AP) behaves as a networking hub |
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allowing to wirelessly interconnect several devices to the local (W)LAN and to |
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provide access to the Internet. |
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Network Name or SSID |
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The WLAN's 'radio' link is a shared medium. As no physical connection exists |
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between the SpeedTouch™ and wireless clients, a name must be given to allow |
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unique identification of your WLAN radio link. This is done by the Service Set ID |
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(SSID), also referred to as Network Name. Wireless clients must be part of this SSID |
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environment in order to be able to communicate with other clients on the (W)LAN - |
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including the SpeedTouch™. |
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Radio channels |
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The 802.11g standard allows several WLAN networks using different radio channels |
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to be co-located. The SpeedTouch™ supports multiple radio channels and is able to |
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select the best radio channel at each startup. |
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You can choose to set the channels automatically or manually. |
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The different channels overlap. To avoid interference with another access |
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point, make sure that the separation (in terms of frequency) is as high as |
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possible. It is recommended to keep at least 3 channels between 2 different |
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access points. |
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The SpeedTouch™ supports all channels allowed for wireless networking. However, |
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depending on local regulations, the number of channels actually allowed to be used |
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may be additionally restricted, as shown in the table below. |
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Regulatory Domain |
Allowed Radio Channels |
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China |
1 to 13 |
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Europe |
1 to 13 |
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Israel |
5 to 8 |
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Japan |
1 to 14 |
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Jordan |
10 to 13 |
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Thailand |
1 to 14 |
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USA / Canada |
1 to 11 |
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Concrete walls weaken the radio signal and thus affect the connection.
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