(
X-40
LIQUID CRYSTALGRAPH
INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL
•eLOWRANCE ELECTRONICS, INC.
12000 E. SKELLY DR., TULSA,OK 74128
UTHO INU.S.A. |
988-0105-09 |
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
POWERCONNECTIONS |
2 |
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NOISE |
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3 |
TRANSDUCER |
3 |
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KEYBOARDBASICS |
4 |
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DISPLAYINTERPRETATION |
6 |
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OPERATION |
7 |
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ON |
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7 |
CLEAR |
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7 |
AUTO |
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SENSITMTY |
8 |
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CHART SPEED |
9 |
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SCALE |
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11 |
RANGE |
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11 |
LOWERLIMIT |
12 |
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UPPERUM1T |
12 |
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AUTO BOTTOMTRACKING |
13 |
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GRAYLINE |
14 |
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DIGITAL |
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15 |
TENTHS |
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16 |
ALARMS |
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16 |
NOTE KEY |
16 |
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ZONEALARM |
17 |
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DEPTH ALARM |
18 |
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LIGHT |
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19 |
DiSCRIMINATION |
19 |
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8CC |
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20 |
FEET-FATHOMS-METERS |
21 |
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PULSE |
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22 |
COMMAND |
22 |
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MENU #1-SPEAKERVOLUME |
23 |
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MENU #2-GRAYLINECHECKS/LINES |
24 |
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MENU #3 |
-SCALES |
24 |
MENU #4 |
-DIGITALAVERAGING |
25 |
TRANSDUCERSANDCONEANGLES |
26 |
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SIGNAL INTERPRETATION |
27 |
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FISH SIGNALS |
28 |
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WATERTEMP. AND THERMOCLINES |
29 |
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SURVEYINGALAKE |
31 |
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BAIT P1514 |
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32 |
HOWTO OBTAINSERVICE |
32 |
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SCHEMATICANDPARTSLIST |
32 |
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SPAREPARTS |
33 |
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SPECIFICATIONS |
33 |
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GLOSSARY |
34 |
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Copyright© 1987Lowrance Elecfronios, Inc. All Rights Res3rved.
TRANSDUCER -Theelementofasonarsystemthatconvertstheelectrical
energyfromthetransmitter Into ultrasonic sound waves. When a return echostrikes thetransducer, it converts the sound wavesinto electrical
energywhichisreceived anddisplayed by the sonar unit.
TRANSOM MOUNT-Amethod ofmountingtransducers orothersensors on ti1.etransomoS.t1IeoatI... .
UPPER/LOWER UMIT-Thesearetherangelimitsdisplayedonthesonar screenor paper. Theupperlimitisshown atthetopofthe display, while thelowerlimitisatthebottom. Forexample, a20to30foot range has20 feetas the upperlimitand30feetasthelowerlimit.
VIDEO GRAPH -Asonarunitthat uses aCRT or television type display.
WINDOW -Asegment ofthedepth range. For example, an upperlimitof 20 feetanda lowerlimitof50feetcreates a30foot window.
ZOOM-Afeature thatenlarges targets onthedisplay.
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a60foot range haszero fortheupperlimitand 60forthelowerlimit.
REMOTE -An Intelligent "repeater"unitthat receives depth information fromanother sonarunit. Aremote doesn'thave atransmitter or receiver.
However, itdoeshave ft'sown features that are adjustable and operate separatelyfromthemaster.
RESOLUTION -Theabilityofasonar unitto separate targetsfromeach otherorthe bottom.
RMS -Astandard rating oftransmitter poweroutput.
SCALE -The |
markings |
onasonarunit's |
Todetermine thedepth |
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display. |
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the locationtothelocationofthescale ofatarget,simplycompare target's
markers onthedisplay.
SECOND ECHO -Anotherechothat registers atroughlytwicethedepth ofa target echo. This is caused by the sound waves reflecting off the
bottom, strikingthesurfaceofthewater,travellingtothebottomagain,and returing tothesurface.
SECOND FUNCTION KEY-Abuttonthat convertsthe functionsofthe
primarykeysonthekeyboard. Sonarunitswithasecond functionkeyhave otherkeyswith twofunctions. Youcan switchfunctionswiththesecond
functionkey.
SENSITIVITY -The ability ofa sonar unit'sreceiver to displaytargets. lncreasingthesensitivityallowsweakertargets tobedisplayed. Alsocalled
"gain".
SCROLLSPEED -SeeCHARTSPEED.
SHOOT-THROUGH-HULL - A transducer installation which allows the sonar signalstopassthroughafiberglass hullwithoutcuttingaholeInthe hull.
SUPPRESSION-Amethod used insome sonar unftstoeliminate interference or noise.
SURFACE CLARITYCONTROLReducesor eliminatesundesirable signals displayed nearthewater'ssurface. Also called "SCC".
THERMOCLINE -Alayerofwatercausedbythemeetingofwarmandcool layersofwater. Thethermocline providesthetemperature mostfishprefer.
INTRODUCTION
YourLowrance X-40 isahighqualitysonardesigned forboth professionalandnovice users.The
X-40 |
findsand |
displays |
thebottomdepth,fish, and structure |
automatically |
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byjustby turningiton.Asyou become familiarwith your X-40, try some of its remarkable features. "Fine tune" the unit to the surrounding
conditionstogetthe mostfromyoursonar.
You can programtheX-40tosound alarms whenthe boat goes shallowerordeeperthanapresetdepth.Analarmwill also soundwhena
fish enters analarm zone. Zoomin and separate fish from structure and each other.
OnlyLowrance gives you the power to adjustasonar unit to its maximum potential.
readtheinstallationsection. This
TogetstartedwithyourX-40,first
iswhereit all begins,and improper installationcan causeproblemsdown
theroad. After |
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readtheseinstructions andinstalled |
your |
X-40, read |
you've |
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the rest ofthis manual indetail. Themore you knowwhenyou gettothe |
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water, the more |
your |
X-40will doforyou. Takethismanual for reference |
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whenyou head tothelake.
INSTALLATION
Mounting
Install the X-40 in any convenient location, provided there is
clearancewhentiltedforthebestviewingangle. Holesinthebracket base allow wood screw or through bolt mounting. Attach the bracket to
aluminum panelswith sheet metalscrews. Placeapieceofplywood onthe back ofthin fiberglass panels to secure the mountinghardware. Make certain there is enough room behind the unit to attach the powerand transducer cables.
Youcan routethepowerand transducer cables throughthe7/B"
hole inthebase ofthegimbal bracket. Thenpassthemthrougha holein the mountingsurface. The smallest holethat will passone connector
throughis3/4". Passthetransducer connectorandcableupthroughthe holeandgimbalbracket. Then push the powercablewire downthrough
thebracketand dash. Afterrouting the cables, fill the hole with silicone rubberadhesive (RTV).Offsetthebrackettocoverthemajorityofthehole.
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PowerConnections
TheX-40 operatesfroma12voltbatterysystem. Attachthepower cabletoanaccessoryorpowerbuss. Ifyou have problems withelectrical interference, then attach the cable directly to the battery. Electrical Interference showsas random dots onthe displaywhenever the boat's engine or anaccessoryison.
Thepowercablehastwowires, red isthepositive lead and black isnegative or ground. Attach the in-linefuseholdertothered wire onthe powercablewith thecrimpconnector. Theotherend ofthefuse holder
attaches tothebatteryoraccessorybuss. Ifthecableisnotlong enough, spliceordinary#18gaugewireonto it. Becertain thatthefuseholderis
asclosetothepowersource(batteryoraccessorybuss) aspossible. This protectsthepowercableand yourX-40 intheevent ofashort. Usea3-amp fuse.
TheX-40 hasreversepolarityprotection. Nodamage willoccurif thewiresarereversed. (However,theunitwillnotwork untilthewiresare attachedcorrectly.)
onthescreen. Signals weakerthantheGRAYLINEsettingaredisplayed
inblack, strongertargetsare gray. Italsogives cluestothecompostition ofthebottom. Inotherwords, youcantellifthebottomissoftor hard. A
hardbottomreturnsastrongsignalcausingawidegrayline. Asoft, muddy
or weedy bottom returns a weaker signal which is emphasized with a narrowgrayline.
IN-DASH -Asonar unitinstalledthrough aholeIntheboat'sdash. Usually, thefaceofthe sonar isflushor nearlyso withthedash.
kHz - Kilohertz. A measurement of frequency. Your Lowrance sonar operates at 192 Kilohertz. (192,000 cyclespersecond).
LCD-Liquid |
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ofa |
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crystal display. Thescreenordisplay |
Liquid CrystalGraph |
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sonar instrument. |
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LCG-LiquidCrystal Graph. |
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NOISE - Any undesired signal. |
Electrical noise is caused by engine |
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ignitions systems, radios, etc. Acoustic noiseiscaused bythevibration of
the engine or other mechanical sources. It appears on the display as random dots or lines.
OPERATING FREQUENCY-Frequencythatthe sonar unit'stransmitter and receiverare tunedto.
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OUTPUTPOWER-Theamplitude ofelectrical energytransmitted fromthe |
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sonar unit to thetransducer. Measured in watts, the higherthe output |
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power,thedeeperasonarunitcanread,andmoredetailcan bedisplayed. |
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PEAK-TO-PEAK -A measurementofthetransmitter's |
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poweroutput. |
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3-AMP |
PIXEL-Thesmall dots or squares ona |
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orCrt. |
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liquidcrystaldisplay |
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PIXELDENSITY -Thenumberofpixelspersquare inchonaliquid crystal |
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display. Thebestresolution isobtainedwhena |
high |
number of |
are |
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in thevertical. |
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pixels |
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PULSE LENGTH -Theamountoftime thatthe sonar transmits. This is |
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measured in micro-seconds. Theshorter the pulselength, the better the |
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resolution. Forexample,a30micro-second pulselength isequaltoaone |
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12 VOLT BATTERY |
inch resolution. |
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RANGE -Thesectionofwatershown onthesonar display. Forexample, |
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GLOSSARY
ANCHOR WATCH -Asellingofthesonar unit'salarm. Thealarm activates whenthe boat driftsinto shallower or deeperwaterthan the alarm set
points.
byalight.
BACKLIGHTEDAdisplayorkeyboardillUminatedfrombehitX1
Back-lighted displaysand keyboards are essentialwhennightfishing or navigating.
CAVITATION -Air bubblescreatedbythehighspeed movement ofaboat or transducer throughwater.
CHARTSPEED -(1) The speed of the chart paper on a paper graph recorder. (2)Thespeed ofan imageacrossthescreen ofa liquid crystal
graph. (Alsocalled "scrollspeed").
CONE ANGLE-Width ofthetransducer'sconeofsound. Lowrance has transducerswithconeanglesfrom8to45degreestosuitthevaryingneeds offishermen.
CRT-Abbreviation forCathode RayTube. See VideoGraph.
DEFINITION -Theabilityofa sonar unit'sdisplaytoshowdetail. Ahigh resolution displaycan show more detailthanalow resolution one.
DISCRIMINATION -Afeaturethatallowsthesonar toeliminate noiseand
displayonlytruetargetinformation. Discrimination onLowrance products cuts outfalsesignalsfromothersonar, noise, thermoclines, and more.
FISH ALARM-Analarmthat activateswhenafish isdetected.
FISHARCH- Asonarwith good resolution displays fishsignalswith an upsidedown"V"orarch.This distinguishesfish signalsfromothertargets.
FLUSH MOUNT -Atransom mounttransducer that isinstalled with the bottom ofthetransducer flushwiththebottomofthe hull.
GIMBALBRACKET -Abracket used toinstall asonar unit permanently. Thesonar unit can rotate inthebracket forthebestviewingangle.
GRAYLINE -Thisfunctionshowstherelativestrength ofsignals displayed
NOISE
Minimize electrical noise by routingthe powercableawayfrom
otherpossible sources ofelectrical interference. Oneofthelargestnoise
generators istheengine'swiringharnessthat runs fromtheengine tothe instrument panel. Thisharness usuallycontainsawireforthetachometer
which radiates HF (radiofrequency) energy. Forbest results, keepthe powerand transducer cables away fromthe engine wiring. Also, bilge pumpwiring cansometimes radiate noise sotrytokeeptheX-40'scables awayfrom thosewires.
VHFradioantennacables radiateRFenergyathigherpowerlevels
thaneventheengine'swiring harness. It isimportanttokeeptheX-40's powerand transducercables as far away as possible from VHF radio cables.
Ifinterference beginsatslowboatspeeds,worsening astheboat
speed increases, then a probable causeisacousticnoise, or cavitation. This noise is not electrical, but rather mechanically inducednoise from
the transducer. Stoptheboat, puttheengine inneutral, and increase the
rpm. Ifthe noisedoesnot increase on the display, then it is cavitation. Usually,airbubblespassing overthefaceofthetransducercreateacoustic noise. Thefasteraboattravets, themoreairbubbles increaseand generate
noise on the display. To eliminate this problem, read the transducer owner'smanual forpropermounting techniques.
TRANSDUCER
Installation instructions forthetransducer arewiththetransducer inaseparate package. Please readtheinstructions carefullybeforeyou install thetransducer.
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KEYBOARD BASICS
Thissectiongives a briefexplanation ofthe keyboard. Read the Operation sectionforadetailed descriptionofeachkey'soperation.
GRAYLINE SET Press this keytoadjust the graylinelevel.
DIGITAL SONAR TheX-40isreally two sonarsinonehousing.Themostobvious isthe graph,designedtoshowallreturn echoes. The other sonar isthe digital, designedfor only one purpose: toshow
the bottom depth. These keys turn the digitaldisplayofforonandthethedigital alarmfunctions.
ZONEALARMKEYS This groupcfkeys..— controlstheX-40'szonealarm. ft'scorn-
rnonlyused as a "fish alarm."Atarget
(suchasafishorschooloffish) willsetoff the alarmifItentersthe alarm zone.
UPPER LIMIT
LOWER LIMIT The Upper and Lower Umit keys allow you to select different
depth ranges. Enter the desireddepth
and then pressthe appropriate upperor
lowerlimitkey. TheUpper Limitkeysets the depthforthetopofthe display. The
Lower Limit key determines the depth displayedatthe bottom.
CLEAR TheCLEAR key erases the last
entry. ftcanalsoerase otherfeatures, as you will see later.
SHALLOW
DISPLAY
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
SOC |
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8 |
9 |
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5121 |
BTMTIlIC |
I'T/FA/M |
UPPER |
I) |
LowER |
LIMIT |
PULSE |
LIMIT |
"ND11 AUTO
FCLEAR][ C JtI.IGHY ]
ON
ON OFF ThesekeystumtheX.4Oonand off. Toturniton,simplypresstheOwkey. Toturnitoff, pressthe OFF key.
C |
toneor |
Pressing any key generates a |
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"beep." |
This isthe X-40's |
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wayof |
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telling you that it has accepted a com- |
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mand,
SPARE PARTS
Thefollowing isalistofthe mostcommonlyneeded parts. To
order, simplywritethelistofparts required onaslipofpaperand mail it totheaboveaddress.
(Note: Price subjecttochange withoutnotice.)
PartNumber |
Description |
Price |
151-0071-00 |
Power Cable |
6.75 |
003-2249-00 |
Gimbal Knobs (w/washers, 2ea.) |
3.95 |
003-2045-00 |
Gimbal Bracket |
7.75 |
003-2181-00 |
FuseHolder(w/3 ampfuse) |
3.95 |
988-0105-09 |
Owner'sManual |
2.50 |
SPECIFICATIONS |
53/4"H x8 3/16Wx2 5/8"D |
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Dimensions |
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Weight |
1 3/4pounds |
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Transmitter |
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Frequency |
192 kHz |
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OutputPower |
600 watts peaktopeaktypical |
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75wattsRMS |
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Receiver Sensitivity |
> 85dbtemperature stabilized |
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Operating Current |
200 ma(lightsoff) |
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500 ma(lightson) |
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Operating Voltage |
9-15vdc |
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Numberofpixels |
192 x64 (verticalxhorizontal) |
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12,288Total |
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DepthCapability |
300'-SOO' |
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typical
(with20degreetransducer)
500'-700'typical
with 8degreetransducer)
4 |
33 |
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