ThinkPad X20, X21, X22, X23,
X24 Hardware Maintenance
Manual
note
Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information under Chapter 4, “Notices” on page 137
First Edition (March 2002)
The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any country where such provisions are inconsistent with local law:
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Contents
Chapter 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . |
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Important service information . . . . . . . |
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FRU replacement strategy . . . . . . |
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Hard disk drive replacement strategy . . . |
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How to use error messages . . . . . . |
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How to read POST error messages . . . . |
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Safety notices: multilingual translations . . . . |
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Safety information. . . . . . . . . . . |
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General safety . . . . . . . . . . . |
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Electrical safety . . . . . . . . . . |
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Safety inspection guide . . . . . . . . |
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Handling electrostatic discharge-sensitive devices |
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Grounding requirements . . . . . . . . |
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Laser compliance statement. . . . . . . . |
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Laser radiation. . . . . . . . . . . . |
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Chapter 2. General descriptions . . . . . . |
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Read this first . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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Related service information . . . . . . . . |
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Service Web site . . . . . . . . . . |
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Product recovery program . . . . . . . |
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Using Recovery CD . . . . . . . . . |
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Creating a Recovery Repair diskette . . . . |
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Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 |
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Power management . . . . . . . . . |
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Checkout guide . . . . . . . . . . . |
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Testing the computer . . . . . . . . . |
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Detecting system information with PC-Doctor. . . 35 |
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Power system checkout . . . . . . . . |
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Chapter 3. ThinkPad X20, X21, X22, X23, X24 . . |
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Product overview . . . . . . . . . . . |
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Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . |
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Status indicators . . . . . . . . . . |
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Fn key combinations . . . . . . . . . |
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Symptom-to-FRU index . . . . . . . . . |
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Numeric error codes . . . . . . . . . |
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Error messages . . . . . . . . . . |
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Beep symptoms . . . . . . . . . . |
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LCD-related symptoms . . . . . . . . |
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Intermittent problems . . . . . . . . . |
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Undetermined problems . . . . . . . . |
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FRU replacement notices . . . . . . . . |
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Screw notices . . . . . . . . . . . |
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Retaining serial numbers. . . . . . . . |
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Removing and replacing a FRU. . . . . . . |
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1010 Battery pack. . . . . . . . . . |
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1020 DIMM . . . . . . . . . . . |
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1030 Backup battery . . . . . . . . . |
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1040 Hard disk drive . . . . . . . . . |
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1050 Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . |
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1060 KBD Control Panel Assemble . . . . |
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1070 Mini PCI adapter . . . . . . . . |
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1080 CDC adapter . . . . . . . . . |
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1090 BDC adapter . . . . . . . . . |
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Fan assembly . . . . . . . . . |
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1110 Wirelesslan assembly for X22, X23, X24 . |
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LCD assembly . . . . . . . . . |
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Case Keyboard deck . . . . . . . |
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Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . |
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PC Card slot assembly . . . . . . |
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IRDA Port . . . . . . . . . . |
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RJ11, RJ45 . . . . . . . . . . |
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System board . . . . . . . . . |
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LCD USB cover. . . . . . . . . |
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1200 Front bezel . . . . . . . . . . |
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1210 LCD panel . . . . . . . . . . |
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Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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Front view for X20, X21 . . . . . . . . |
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Front view for X22 . . . . . . . . . |
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Front view for X23, X24 . . . . . . . . |
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Rear view for X20, X21 . . . . . . . . |
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Rear view for X22, X23, X24 . . . . . . |
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Bottom view . . . . . . . . . . . |
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Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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X20 series model matrix . . . . . . . |
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X21 series model matrix . . . . . . . |
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X22 series model matrix . . . . . . . |
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X23 series model matrix . . . . . . . |
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X24 series model matrix . . . . . . . |
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LCD FRU . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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System . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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Base Cover FRU . . . . . . . . . |
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Recovery CDs for X21 Series . . . . . . |
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Recovery CDs for X22 Series . . . . . . |
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Recovery CDs for X23 Series . . . . . . |
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Recovery CDs for X24 Series . . . . . . |
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Miscellaneous parts . . . . . . . . . |
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Options FRU list . . . . . . . . . . |
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Common parts list (X20, X21, X22, X23, X24) |
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Chapter 4. Notices . . . . . . . . . . |
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Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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iv ThinkPad X20, X21, X22, X23, X24
Chapter 1. Introduction
Important service information
Important
BIOS and device driver fixes are customer-installable. The BIOS and device drivers are posted on the IBM support site
http://www.ibm.com/pc/support/
Advise customers to contact the IBM® HelpCenter® at 800-772-2227 if they need assistance in obtaining or installing any diskette fixes.
FRU replacement strategy
Before replacing parts
Ensure that all BIOS and device driver fixes are installed before replacing any FRUs listed in this manual.
Use the following strategy to prevent unnecessary FRU replacement and service expense:
vIf you are instructed to replace a FRU, but the replacement does not correct the problem, reinstall the original FRU before you continue.
vSome computers have both a processor board and a system board. If you are instructed to replace either the processor board or the system board, and the first board that you replace does not correct the problem, reinstall the original board, and then replace the other (processor or system) board.
vIf an adapter or device consists of more than one FRU, any of the FRUs may be the cause of the error. Before replacing the adapter or device, remove the FRUs, one by one, to see if the symptoms change. Replace only the FRU that changed the symptoms.
Attention
A customized setup configuration (other than default settings) may exist on the computer you are servicing. Running Automatic Configuration may alter those settings. Note the current configuration settings (using the View Configuration option); then, when service has been completed, verify that the settings are in place.
1
Hard disk drive replacement strategy
Always try to run a low-level format before replacing a hard disk drive.
Attention
The drive startup sequence in the computer you are servicing might have been changed. Be extremely careful during write operations such as copying, saving, or formatting. If you select an incorrect drive, data or programs can be overwritten.
How to use error messages
Use the error codes displayed on the screen to diagnose failures. If more than one error code is displayed, begin the diagnosis with the first error code. Whatever causes the first error code may also cause false error codes. If no error code is displayed, see if the error symptom is listed in the Symptom-to-FRU Index for the computer you are servicing.
How to read POST error messages
POST error messages are displayed on the screen as three, four, five, or eight digits. The error messages that can be displayed as shorter POST messages are highlighted in this index. Some digits have one meaning for SCSI errors and a different meaning for non-SCSI errors.
The following example shows which digits display the shorter POST error messages and also defines the SCSI information in each digit of an eight-digit error message.
Shorter POST Messages
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Size (SCSI) |
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Slot Number (SCSI) |
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Logical Unit Number (SCSI) |
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ID (SCSI) |
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Each SCSI device is assigned a unique SCSI ID. Duplicate SCSI ID settings can generate a false error message. Use the SCSI ID to determine whether an error message is coming from an internal or an external device.
2 ThinkPad X20, X21, X22, X23, X24
Safety notices: multilingual translations
The following safety notices are provided in English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish languages.
Safety Notice 1
Before the computer is powered-on after FRU replacement, make sure all screws, springs, or other small parts are in place and are not left loose inside the computer. Verify this by shaking the computer and listening for rattling sounds. Metallic parts or metal flakes can cause electrical shorts.
Avant de remettre l’ordinateur sous tension après remplacement d’une unité en clientèle, vérifiez que tous les ressorts, vis et autres pièces sont bien en place et bien fixées. Pour ce faire, secouez l’unité et assurez-vous qu’aucun bruit suspect ne se produit. Des pièces métalliques ou des copeaux de métal pourraient causer un court-circuit.
Bevor nach einem FRU-Austausch der Computer wieder angeschlossen wird, muβ sichergestellt werden, daβ keine Schrauben, Federn oder andere Kleinteile fehlen oder im Gehäuse vergessen wurden. Der Computer muβ geschüttelt und auf Klappergeräusche geprüft werden. Metallteile oder -splitter können Kurzschlüsse erzeugen.
Prima di accendere l’elaboratore dopo che é stata effettuata la sostituzione di una FRU, accertarsi che tutte le viti, le molle e tutte le altri parti di piccole dimensioni siano nella corretta posizione e non siano sparse all’interno dell’elaboratore. Verificare ciò scuotendo l’elaboratore e prestando attenzione ad eventuali rumori; eventuali parti o pezzetti metallici possono provocare cortocircuiti pericolosi.
Antes de encender el sistema despues de sustituir una FRU, compruebe que todos los tornillos, muelles y demás piezas pequeñas se encuentran en su sitio y no se encuentran sueltas dentro del sistema. Compruébelo agitando el sistema y escuchando los posibles ruidos que provocarían. Las piezas metálicas pueden causar cortocircuitos eléctricos.
Chapter 1. Introduction 3
Safety Notice 2
Some standby batteries contain a small amount of nickel and cadmium. Do not disassemble it, recharge it, throw it into fire or water, or short-circuit it. Dispose of the battery as required by local ordinances or regulations. Use only the battery in the appropriate parts listing. Use of an incorrect battery can result in ignition or explosion of the battery.
Certaines batteries de secours contiennent du nickel et du cadmium. Ne les démontez pas, ne les rechargez pas, ne les exposez ni au feu ni à l’eau. Ne les mettez pas en court-circuit. Pour les mettre au rebut, conformez-vous à la réglementation en vigueur. Lorsque vous remplacez la pile de sauvegarde ou celle de l’horloge temps réel, veillez à n’utiliser que les modèles cités dans la liste de pièces détachées adéquate. Une batterie ou une pile inappropriée risque de prendre feu ou d’exploser.
Die Bereitschaftsbatterie, die sich unter dem Diskettenlaufwerk befindet, kann geringe Mengen Nickel und Cadmium enthalten. Sie darf nur durch die Verkaufsstelle oder den IBM Kundendienst ausgetauscht werden. Sie darf nicht zerlegt, wiederaufgeladen, kurzgeschlossen, oder Feuer oder Wasser ausgesetzt werden. Die Batterie kann schwere Verbrennungen oder Verätzungen verursachen. Bei der Entsorgung die örtlichen Bestimmungen für Sondermüll beachten. Beim Ersetzen der Bereitschaftsoder Systembatterie nur Batterien des Typs verwenden, der in der Ersatzteilliste aufgeführt ist. Der Einsatz falscher Batterien kann zu Entzündung oder Explosion führen.
Alcune batterie di riserva contengono una piccola quantità di nichel e cadmio. Non smontarle, ricaricarle, gettarle nel fuoco o nell’acqua né cortocircuitarle. Smaltirle secondo la normativa in vigore (DPR 915/82, successive disposizioni e disposizioni locali). Quando si sostituisce la batteria dell’RTC (real time clock) o la batteria di supporto, utilizzare soltanto i tipi inseriti nell’appropriato Catalogo parti. L’impiego di una batteria non adatta potrebbe determinare l’incendio o l’esplosione della batteria stessa.
4 ThinkPad X20, X21, X22, X23, X24
Safety Notice 2
Algunas baterías de reserva contienen una pequeña cantidad de níquel y cadmio. No las desmonte, ni recargue, ni las eche al fuego o al agua ni las cortocircuite. Deséchelas tal como dispone la normativa local. Utilice sólo baterías que se encuentren en la lista de piezas. La utilización de una batería no apropiada puede provocar la ignición o explosión de la misma.
Chapter 1. Introduction 5
Safety Notice 3
The battery pack contains small amounts of nickel. Do not disassemble it, throw it into fire or water, or short-circuit it. Dispose of the battery pack as required by local ordinances or regulations. Use only the battery in the appropriate parts listing when replacing the battery pack. Use of an incorrect battery can result in ignition or explosion of the battery.
La batterie contient du nickel. Ne la démontez pas, ne l’exposez ni au feu ni à l’eau. Ne la mettez pas en court-circuit. Pour la mettre au rebut, conformez-vous à la réglementation en vigueur. Lorsque vous remplacez la batterie, veillez à n’utiliser que les modèles cités dans la liste de pièces détachées adéquate. En effet, une batterie inappropriée risque de prendre feu ou d’exploser.
Akkus enthalten geringe Mengen von Nickel. Sie dürfen nicht zerlegt, wiederaufgeladen, kurzgeschlossen, oder Feuer oder Wasser ausgesetzt werden. Bei der Entsorgung die örtlichen Bestimmungen für Sondermüll beachten. Beim Ersetzen der Batterie nur Batterien des Typs verwenden, der in der Ersatzteilliste aufgeführt ist. Der Einsatz falscher Batterien kann zu Entzündung oder Explosion führen.
La batteria contiene piccole quantità di nichel. Non smontarla, gettarla nel fuoco o nell’acqua né cortocircuitarla. Smaltirla secondo la normativa in vigore (DPR 915/82, successive disposizioni e disposizioni locali). Quando si sostituisce la batteria, utilizzare soltanto i tipi inseriti nell’appropriato Catalogo parti. L’impiego di una batteria non adatta potrebbe determinare l’incendio o l’esplosione della batteria stessa.
Las baterías contienen pequeñas cantidades de níquel. No las desmonte, ni recargue, ni las eche al fuego o al agua ni las cortocircuite. Deséchelas tal como dispone la normativa local. Utilice sólo baterías que se encuentren en la lista de piezas al sustituir la batería. La utilización de una batería no apropiada puede provocar la ignición o explosión de la misma.
6 ThinkPad X20, X21, X22, X23, X24
Safety Notice 4
The lithium battery can cause a fire, explosion, or severe burn. Do not recharge it, remove its polarized connector, disassemble it, heat it above 100°C (212°F), incinerate it, or expose its cell contents to water. Dispose of the battery as required by local ordinances or regulations. Use only the battery in the appropriate parts listing. Use of an incorrect battery can result in ignition or explosion of the battery.
La pile de sauvegarde contient du lithium. Elle présente des risques d’incendie, d’explosion ou de brûlures graves. Ne la rechargez pas, ne retirez pas son connecteur polarisé et ne la démontez pas. Ne l’exposez pas à une temperature supérieure à 100°C, ne la faites pas brûler et n’en exposez pas le contenu à l’eau. Mettez la pile au rebut conformément à la réglementation en vigueur. Une pile inappropriée risque de prendre feu ou d’exploser.
Die Systembatterie ist eine Lithiumbatterie. Sie kann sich entzünden, explodieren oder schwere Verbrennungen hervorrufen. Batterien dieses Typs dürfen nicht aufgeladen, zerlegt, über 100 C erhitzt oder verbrannt werden. Auch darf ihr Inhalt nicht mit Wasser in Verbindung gebracht oder der zur richtigen Polung angebrachte Verbindungsstecker entfernt werden. Bei der Entsorgung die örtlichen Bestimmungen für Sondermüll beachten. Beim Ersetzen der Batterie nur Batterien des Typs verwenden, der in der Ersatzteilliste aufgeführt ist. Der Einsatz falscher Batterien kann zu Entzündung oder Explosion führen.
La batteria di supporto e una batteria al litio e puo incendiarsi, esplodere o procurare gravi ustioni. Evitare di ricaricarla, smontarne il connettore polarizzato, smontarla, riscaldarla ad una temperatura superiore ai 100 gradi centigradi, incendiarla o gettarla in acqua. Smaltirla secondo la normativa in vigore (DPR 915/82, successive disposizioni e disposizioni locali). L’impiego di una batteria non adatta potrebbe determinare l’incendio o l’esplosione della batteria stessa.
Chapter 1. Introduction 7
Safety Notice 4
La bateria de repuesto es una bateria de litio y puede provocar incendios, explosiones o quemaduras graves. No la recargue, ni quite el conector polarizado, ni la desmonte, ni caliente por encima de los 100°C (212°F), ni la incinere ni exponga el contenido de sus celdas al agua. Deséchela tal como dispone la normativa local.
8 ThinkPad X20, X21, X22, X23, X24
Safety Notice 5
If the LCD breaks and the fluid from inside the LCD gets into your eyes or on your hands, immediately wash the affected areas with water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical care if any symptoms from the fluid are present after washing.
Si le panneau d’affichage à cristaux liquides se brise et que vous recevez dans les yeux ou sur les mains une partie du fluide, rincez-les abondamment pendant au moins quinze minutes. Consultez un médecin si des symptômes persistent après le lavage.
Die Leuchtstoffröhre im LCD-Bildschirm enthält Quecksilber. Bei der Entsorgung die örtlichen Bestimmungen für Sondermüll beachten. Der LCD-Bildschirm besteht aus Glas und kann zerbrechen, wenn er unsachgemäβ behandelt wird oder der Computer auf den Boden fällt. Wenn der Bildschirm beschädigt ist und die darin befindliche Flüssigkeit in Kontakt mit Haut und Augen gerät, sollten die betroffenen Stellen mindestens 15 Minuten mit Wasser abgespült und bei Beschwerden anschlieβend ein Arzt aufgesucht werden.
Nel caso che caso l’LCD si dovesse rompere ed il liquido in esso contenuto entrasse in contatto con gli occhi o le mani, lavare immediatamente le parti interessate con acqua corrente per almeno 15 minuti; poi consultare un medico se i sintomi dovessero permanere.
Si la LCD se rompe y el fluido de su interior entra en contacto con sus ojos o sus manos, lave inmediatamente las áreas afectadas con agua durante 15 minutos como mínimo. Obtenga atención medica si se presenta algún síntoma del fluido despues de lavarse.
Chapter 1. Introduction 9
Safety Notice 6
To avoid shock, do not remove the plastic cover that surrounds the lower portion of the inverter card.
Afin d’éviter tout risque de choc électrique, ne retirez pas le cache en plastique protégeant la partie inférieure de la carte d’alimentation.
Aus Sicherheitsgründen die Kunststoffabdeckung, die den unteren Teil der Spannungswandlerplatine umgibt, nicht entfernen.
Per evitare scosse elettriche, non rimuovere la copertura in plastica che avvolge la parte inferiore della scheda invertitore.
Para evitar descargas, no quite la cubierta de plástico que rodea la parte baja de la tarjeta invertida.
Safety Notice 7
Though main batteries have low voltage, a shorted or grounded battery can produce enough current to burn combustible materials or personnel.
Bien que le voltage des batteries principales soit peu élevé, le court-circuit ou la mise à la masse d’une batterie peut produire suffisamment de courant pour brûler des matériaux combustibles ou causer des brûlures corporelles graves.
Obwohl Hauptbatterien eine niedrige Spannung haben, können sie doch bei Kurzschluβ oder Erdung genug Strom abgeben, um brennbare Materialien zu entzünden oder Verletzungen bei Personen hervorzurufen.
Sebbene le batterie di alimentazione siano a basso voltaggio, una batteria in corto circuito o a massa può fornire corrente sufficiente da bruciare materiali combustibili o provocare ustioni ai tecnici di manutenzione.
Aunque las baterías principales tienen un voltaje bajo, una batería cortocircuitada o con contacto a tierra puede producir la corriente suficiente como para quemar material combustible o provocar quemaduras en el personal.
10 ThinkPad X20, X21, X22, X23, X24
Safety Notice 8
Before removing any FRU, power-off the computer, unplug all power cords from electrical outlets, remove the battery pack, then disconnect any interconnecting cables.
Avant de retirer une unité remplaçable en clientèle, mettez le système hors tension, débranchez tous les cordons d’alimentation des socles de prise de courant, retirez la batterie et déconnectez tous les cordons d’interface.
Die Stromzufuhr muβ abgeschaltet, alle Stromkabel aus der Steckdose gezogen, der Akku entfernt und alle Verbindungskabel abgenommen sein, bevor eine FRU entfernt wird.
Prima di rimuovere qualsiasi FRU, spegnere il sistema, scollegare dalle prese elettriche tutti i cavi di alimentazione, rimuovere la batteria e poi scollegare i cavi di interconnessione.
Antes de quitar una FRU, apague el sistema, desenchufe todos los cables de las tomas de corriente eléctrica, quite la batería y, a continuación, desconecte cualquier cable de conexión entre dispositivos.
Chapter 1. Introduction 11
Safety information
The following section contains the safety information that you need to be familiar with before servicing an IBM mobile computer.
General safety
Follow these rules to ensure general safety:
vObserve good housekeeping in the area of the machines during and after maintenance.
vWhen lifting any heavy object:
1.Ensure you can stand safely without slipping.
2.Distribute the weight of the object equally between your feet.
3.Use a slow lifting force. Never move suddenly or twist when you attempt to lift.
4.Lift by standing or by pushing up with your leg muscles; this action removes the strain from the muscles in your back. Do not attempt to lift any objects that weigh more than 16 kg (35 lb) or objects that you think are too heavy for you.
vDo not perform any action that causes hazards, or that makes the equipment unsafe.
vBefore you start the machine, ensure that other service representatives and the customer’s personnel are not in a hazardous position.
vPlace removed covers and other parts in a safe place, away from all personnel, while you are servicing the machine.
vKeep your toolcase away from walk areas so that other people will not trip over it.
vDo not wear loose clothing that can be trapped in the moving parts of a machine. Ensure that your sleeves are fastened or rolled up above your elbows. If your hair is long, fasten it.
vInsert the ends of your necktie or scarf inside clothing or fasten it with a non-conductive clip, approximately 8 centimeters (3 inches) from the end.
vDo not wear jewelry, chains, metal-frame eyeglasses, or metal fasteners for your clothing.
Attention: Metal objects are good electrical conductors.
vWear safety glasses when you are hammering, drilling, soldering, cutting wire, attaching springs, using solvents, or working in any other conditions that might be hazardous to your eyes.
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vAfter service, reinstall all safety shields, guards, labels, and ground wires. Replace any safety device that is worn or defective.
vReinstall all covers correctly before returning the machine to the customer.
Electrical safety
Observe the following rules when working on electrical equipment.
Important
Use only approved tools and test equipment. Some hand tools have handles covered with a soft material that does not insulate you when working with live electrical currents.
Many customers have, near their equipment, rubber floor mats that contain small conductive fibers to decrease electrostatic discharges. Do not use this type of mat to protect yourself from electrical shock.
vFind the room emergency power-off (EPO) switch, disconnecting switch, or electrical outlet. If an electrical accident occurs, you can then operate the switch or unplug the power cord quickly.
vDo not work alone under hazardous conditions or near equipment that has hazardous voltages.
vDisconnect all power before:
–Performing a mechanical inspection
–Working near power supplies
–Removing or installing main units
vBefore you start to work on the machine, unplug the power cord. If you cannot unplug it, ask the customer to power-off the wall box that supplies power to the machine and to lock the wall box in the off position.
vIf you need to work on a machine that has exposed electrical circuits, observe the following precautions:
–Ensure that another person, familiar with the power-off controls, is near you.
Attention: Another person must be there to switch off the power, if necessary.
–Use only one hand when working with powered-on electrical equipment; keep the other hand in your pocket or behind your back.
Attention: An electrical shock can occur only when there is a complete circuit. By observing the above rule, you may prevent a current from passing through your body.
Chapter 1. Introduction 13
–When using testers, set the controls correctly and use the approved probe leads and accessories for that tester.
–Stand on suitable rubber mats (obtained locally, if necessary) to insulate you from grounds such as metal floor strips and machine frames.
Observe the special safety precautions when you work with very high voltages; these instructions are in the safety sections of maintenance information. Use extreme care when measuring high voltages.
vRegularly inspect and maintain your electrical hand tools for safe operational condition.
vDo not use worn or broken tools and testers.
vNever assume that power has been disconnected from a circuit. First, check that it has been powered off.
vAlways look carefully for possible hazards in your work area. Examples of these hazards are moist floors, non-grounded power extension cables, power surges, and missing safety grounds.
vDo not touch live electrical circuits with the reflective surface of a plastic dental mirror. The surface is conductive; such touching can cause personal injury and machine damage.
vDo not service the following parts with the power on when they are removed from their normal operating places in a machine:
–Power supply units
–Pumps
–Blowers and fans
–Motor generators
and similar units. (This practice ensures correct grounding of the units.)
vIf an electrical accident occurs:
–Use caution; do not become a victim yourself.
–Switch off power.
–Send another person to get medical aid.
Safety inspection guide
The purpose of this inspection guide is to assist you in identifying potentially unsafe conditions. As each machine was designed and built, required safety items were installed to protect users and service personnel from injury. This guide addresses only those items. You should use good judgment to identify potential safety hazards due to attachment of non-IBM features or options not covered by this inspection guide.
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If any unsafe conditions are present, you must determine how serious the apparent hazard could be and whether you can continue without first correcting the problem.
Consider these conditions and the safety hazards they present:
vElectrical hazards, especially primary power (primary voltage on the frame can cause serious or fatal electrical shock)
vExplosive hazards, such as a damaged CRT face or a bulging capacitor
vMechanical hazards, such as loose or missing hardware
The guide consists of a series of steps presented in a checklist. Begin the checks with the power off, and the power cord disconnected.
Checklist:
1.Check exterior covers for damage (loose, broken, or sharp edges).
2.Power-off the computer. Disconnect the power cord.
3.Check the power cord for:
a.A third-wire ground connector in good condition. Use a meter to measure third-wire ground continuity for 0.1 ohm or less between the external ground pin and frame ground.
b.The power cord should be the type specified in the parts list.
c.Insulation must not be frayed or worn.
4.Remove the cover.
5.Check for any obvious non-IBM alterations. Use good judgment as to the safety of any non-IBM alterations.
6.Check inside the unit for any obvious unsafe conditions, such as metal filings, contamination, water or other liquids, or signs of fire or smoke damage.
7.Check for worn, frayed, or pinched cables.
8.Check that the power-supply cover fasteners (screws or rivets) have not been removed or tampered with.
Handling electrostatic discharge-sensitive devices
Any computer part containing transistors or integrated circuits (ICs) should be considered sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD). ESD damage can occur when there is a difference in charge between objects. Protect against ESD damage by equalizing the charge so that the machine, the part, the work mat, and the person handling the part are all at the same charge.
Chapter 1. Introduction 15
notes
1.Use product-specific ESD procedures when they exceed the requirements noted here.
2.Make sure that the ESD protective devices you use have been certified (ISO 9000) as fully effective.
When handling ESD-sensitive parts:
vKeep the parts in protective packages until they are inserted into the product. Avoid contact with other people.
vWear a grounded wrist strap against your skin to eliminate static on your body.
vPrevent the part from touching your clothing. Most clothing is insulative and retains a charge even when you are wearing a wrist strap.
vUse the black side of a grounded work mat to provide a static-free work surface. The mat is especially useful when handling ESD-sensitive devices.
vSelect a grounding system, such as those listed below, to provide protection that meets the specific service requirement.
note
The use of a grounding system is desirable but not required to protect against ESD damage.
–Attach the ESD ground clip to any frame ground, ground braid, or green-wire ground.
–Use an ESD common ground or reference point when working on a double-insulated or battery-operated system. You can use coax or connector-outside shells on these systems.
–Use the round ground-prong of the AC plug on AC-operated computers.
Grounding requirements
Electrical grounding of the computer is required for operator safety and correct system function. Proper grounding of the electrical outlet can be verified by a certified electrician.
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Laser compliance statement
Some IBM Personal Computer models are equipped from the factory with a CD-ROM drive. CD-ROM drives are also sold separately as options. The CD-ROM drive is a laser product. The CD-ROM drive is certified in the U.S. to conform to the requirements of the Department of Health and Human Services 21 Code of Federal Regulations (DHHS 21 CFR) Subchapter J for Class 1 laser products. Elsewhere, the drive is certified to conform to the requirements of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 825 and CENELEC EN 60 825 for Class 1 laser products.
When a CD-ROM drive is installed, note the following:
Chapter 1. Introduction 17
CAUTION:
Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified herein might result in hazardous radiation exposure.
O uso de controles, ajustes ou desempenho de procedimentos diferentes daqueles aqui especificados pode resultar em perigosa exposição à radiação.
Pour éviter tout risque d’exposition au rayon laser, respectez les consignes de réglage et d’utilisation des commandes, ainsi que les procédures décrites.
Werden Steuerund Einstellelemente anders als hier festgesetzt verwendet, kann gefährliche Laserstrahlung auftreten.
L’utilizzo di controlli, regolazioni o l’esecuzione di procedure diverse da quelle specificate possono provocare l’esposizione a
El uso de controles o ajustes o la ejecución de procedimientos distintos de los aquí especificados puede provocar la exposición a radiaciones peligrosas.
Laser radiation
Opening the CD-ROM drive could result in exposure to hazardous laser radiation. There are no serviceable parts inside the CD-ROM drive. Do not open.
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Some CD-ROM drives contain an embedded Class 3A or Class 3B laser diode. Note the following.
Chapter 1. Introduction 19
DANGER
Laser radiation when open. Do not stare into the beam, do not view directly with optical instruments, and avoid direct exposure to the beam.
Radiação por raio laser ao abrir. Não olhe fixo no feixe de luz, não olhe diretamente por meio de instrumentos óticos e evite exposição direta com o feixe de luz.
Rayonnement laser si carter ouvert. Évitez de fixer le faisceau, de le regarder directement avec des instruments optiques, ou de vous exposer au rayon.
Laserstrahlung bei geöffnetem Gerät. Nicht direkt oder über optische Instrumente in den Laserstrahl sehen und den Strahlungsbereich meiden.
Kinyitáskor lézersugár ! Ne nézzen bele se szabad szemmel, se optikai eszközökkel. Kerülje a sugárnyalábbal való érintkezést !
Aprendo l’unità vengono emesse radiazioni laser. Non fissare il fascio, non guardarlo direttamente con strumenti ottici e evitare l’esposizione diretta al fascio.
Radiación láser al abrir. No mire fijamente ni examine con instrumental óptico el haz de luz. Evite la exposición directa al haz.
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Chapter 2. General descriptions
This chapter includes descriptions for any ThinkPad model that has the PC-Doctor DOS diagnostics program. Some descriptions might not apply to your particular computer.
Read this first
Before you go to the checkout guide, be sure to read this section.
Important notes:
vOnly certified trained personnel should service the computer.
vRead the entire FRU removal and replacement page before replacing any FRU.
vUse new nylon-coated screws when you replace FRUs.
vBe extremely careful during such write operations as copying, saving, or formatting. Drives in the computer that you are servicing may have had their start sequence altered. If you select an incorrect drive, data or programs might be overwritten.
vReplace FRUs only for the correct model. When you replace a FRU, make sure the model of the machine and the FRU part number are correct by referring to the FRU parts list.
vA FRU should not be replaced because of a single, unreproducible failure. Single failures can occur for a variety of reasons that have nothing to do with a hardware defect, such as cosmic radiation, electrostatic discharge, or software errors. Consider replacing a FRU only when a problem reoccurs. If you suspect that a FRU is defective, clear the error log and run the test again. If the error does not recur, do not replace the FRU.
vBe careful not to replace a nondefective FRU.
vService applied by an unauthorized/trained Thinkpad technician may potentially void your warranty
What to do first: When you do return a FRU, you must include the following information in the parts exchange form or parts return form that you attach to it:
1.Name and phone number of servicer
2.Date of service
3.Date on which the machine failed
4.Date of purchase
21
5.Failure symptoms, error codes appearing on the display, and beep symptoms
6.Procedure index and page number in which the failing FRU was detected
7.Failing FRU name and part number
8.Machine type, model number, and serial number
9.Customer’s name and address
Note for warranty: During the warranty period, the customer may be responsible for repair costs if the computer damage was caused by misuse, accident, modification, unsuitable physical or operating environment, or improper maintenance by the customer. The following list provides some common items that are not covered under warranty and some symptoms that might indicate that the system was subjected to stress beyond normal use.
Before checking problems with the computer, determine whether the damage is covered under the warranty by referring to the following:
The following are not covered under warranty:
vLCD panel cracked from the application of excessive force or from being dropped
vScratched (cosmetic) parts
vCracked or broken plastic parts, broken latches, broken pins, or broken connectors caused by excessive force
vDamage caused by liquid spilled into the system
vDamage caused by the improper insertion of a PC Card or the installation of an incompatible card
vDamage caused by foreign material in the diskette drive
vDiskette drive damage caused by pressure on the diskette drive cover or by the insertion of a diskette with multiple labels
vDamaged or bent diskette eject button
vFuses blown by attachment of a non-supported device
vForgotten computer password (making the computer unusable)
The following symptoms might indicate damage caused by non-warranted activities:
vMissing parts might be a symptom of unauthorized service or modification.
vIf the spindle of a hard disk drive becomes noisy it may have been subjected to excessive force or from being dropped.
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vI9990303 errors can be caused by exposure to strong magnetic fields.
Chapter 2. General descriptions 23
Related service information
This section provides information about the following:
vService Website
vPasswords
vPower management
Service Web site
The latest maintenance diskette is available at
http://www.pc.ibm.com/partner/infotips/
The latest system program service diskette is available at
http://www.pc.ibm.com/us/support/thinkpad/tpopsys.html or athttp://www.pc.ibm.com/partner/infotips/
Product recovery program
Restoring the Pre-installed Software
To restore the pre-installed software, you can use either the Product Recovery program or a Recovery CD. The Product Recovery program is in a section of the hard disk drive (the Service Partition) that is not displayed by Windows Explorer. Use the Recovery CD if it was provided with the computer.
Note: The recovery process might take up to 2 hours.
To use the Product Recovery program to restore the pre-installed software, do the following:
1.Save all files and shut down the desktop.
2.Turn off the computer.
3.Turn on the computer. Quickly press F11 when this message is displayed on the screen: ...“To start the Product Recovery program, press F11”.....This message is displayed for only a few seconds.
Note: If this message does not appear, you can use a Recovery Repair diskette to get access to the Product Recovery program. (see “Creating a Recovery Repair diskette” on page 26 for instructions for making the Recovery Repair diskette)
4.From the list displayed on the screen, select the operating system you want to recover.
5.Select the recovery options you want, and follow the instructions on the screen.
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Using Recovery CD
To create Service Partition and install the preloaded system from Recovery CD, do the following;
To create Service Partition [SP]:
1.Erase all partitions on the hard-disk drive using FDISK or similar application.
2.Boot with Recovery CD (and boot diskette if required).
3.A menu will appear stating “Your computer originally included a Product Recovery program ... Reinstall the Product Recovery Program? (Y/N) [ ]”.
Note: If the hard-disk drive contains any partitions, you will not receive this menu - go to step 1.
4.Enter “Y” and Service Partition will be created and loaded with Product Recovery Program files.
Note: If you do not want to create Service Partition, press “N”, and then go to the “Install preloaded system from CD” procedure.
5.Press“ENTER„at next window to continue.
vService Partition will be created. System will automatically reboot during this process.
vRecovery process will copy some files to the Service Partition, PKUNZIP others
vFollow prompts - you may be prompted to change CDs.
vSystem will reboot. When completed, continue with “Install preloaded system from CD” procedure to install preloaded system.
Install preloaded system from CD:
1.Boot with Recovery CD (and boot diskette if required)
2.If the hard-disk drive is blank, a menu will appear stating “Your computer originally included a
Product Recovery program ... Reinstall the Product Recovery Program? (Y/N) [ ]”.
v To install Service Partition, go to step 4 of “To create Service Partition [SP]” procedure.
vTo preload hard-disk drive without installing Service Partition, press “N”.
3.If a menu appears asking which operating system to install, highlight proper operating system and press
“ENTER”.
4.A menu will appear stating “Full Recovery:”.Press “ENTER” to select.
5.Enter “Y” at the three windows which follow.
6.Follow prompts to complete the Recovery Process.
Chapter 2. General descriptions 25
Creating a Recovery Repair diskette
The Recovery Repair diskette is used to recover the prompt that is needed to access the Product Recovery program, if the prompt does not appear. Make a Recovery Repair diskette and save it for future use.
To make a Recovery Repair diskette:
1.Shut down and turn off the computer.
2.Attach the external diskette drive to the computer.
3.At the prompt, press F11. (The option to press F11 appears for only a few seconds. You must press F11 quickly.) The Product Recovery program main menu appears.
4.If you are using Windows 2000 Professional, you will be prompted to select the appropriate operating system setting. This menu does not appear for Windows 98 SE.
5.Select System Utilities from the main menu. Press
Enter.
6.Select Create a Recovery Repair diskette. Press Enter.
7.Follow the on-screen instructions.
8.When the process is completed, label the diskette as the Recovery Repair diskette and save it for future use.
To use the Recovery Repair diskette:
1.Shut down and turn off the computer.
2.Attach the external diskette drive to the computer.
3.Insert the Recovery Repair diskette into the drive; then turn on the computer.
4.Follow the on-screen instructions.
Passwords
As many as three passwords may be set for any ThinkPad computer: the power-on password (POP), the hard disk password (HDP), and the supervisor password (SVP).
When the power-on password, the hard disk password, or the supervisor password is used, a password prompt appears on the screen whenever the computer is turned on. The computer does not start until the password is entered.
Power-on password: A power-on password (POP) protects the system from being powered on by an unauthorized person. The password must be entered before an operating system can be booted.
Hard disk password: There are two hard-disk passwords (HDPs):
26 ThinkPad X20, X21, X22, X23, X24
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