User manual
VEGA78
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Copyright HT ITALIA 2017 Release EN 1.06 - 02/05/2017
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VEGA78
Table of contents:
1. PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY MEASURES ............................................................. 4
1.1. General ................................................................................................................................. 4
1.2. Preliminary instructions ......................................................................................................... 4
1.3. During use ............................................................................................................................. 5
1.4. After use ................................................................................................................................ 5
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................... 6
2.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 6
2.2. Functions ............................................................................................................................... 6
2.3. Initial screen .......................................................................................................................... 6
3. PREPARE TO USE ..................................................................................................... 7
3.1. Initial check ........................................................................................................................... 7
3.2. Instrument power supply ....................................................................................................... 7
3.3. Storage .................................................................................................................................. 7
4. HOW TO OPERATE ................................................................................................... 8
4.1. Instrument description ........................................................................................................... 8
4.2. Keyboard description ............................................................................................................ 9
4.3. Display description .............................................................................................................. 10
4.4. Reset of meter ..................................................................................................................... 10
5. GENERAL MENU ..................................................................................................... 11
5.1. General settings .................................................................................................................. 12
5.1.1. Language selection .................................................................................................................. 12
5.1.2. Date/Time settings .................................................................................................................... 13
5.1.3. Display brightness adjust .......................................................................................................... 14
5.1.4. Protection Password setting ................................................................................................... .. 14
5.1.5. Sound keys setting ................................................................................................................... 15
5.1.6. Auto power off setting ............................................................................................................... 16
5.1.7. Memory type setting ................................................................................................................. 17
5.1.8. “Touch screen” calibration ........................................................................................................ 17
5.2. Real Time Values ................................................................................................................ 18
5.2.1. Real time values ....................................................................................................................... 18
5.2.2. SCOPE waveforms screens ..................................................................................................... 21
5.2.3. HARM analysis screens ........................................................................................................... 23
5.2.4. Vectorial diagrams screens ...................................................................................................... 25
5.3. Analyzer Settings ................................................................................................................ 27
5.3.1. Analyzer Configuration screen ................................................................................................. 27
5.3.1.1. Setting system frequency ................................................................................................................ 32
5.3.1.2. Setting clamp type ........................................................................................................................... 33
5.3.1.3. Setting full scale of clamps .............................................................................................................. 33
5.3.1.4. Setting VT ratio ................................................................................................................................ 33
5.3.2. Advanced Settings screen ........................................................................................................ 33
5.3.2.1. Zoom graphics option ...................................................................................................................... 34
5.3.2.2. Harmonics type option ..................................................................................................................... 34
5.3.2.3. Harmonics values option ................................................................................................................. 35
5.3.2.4. Zoom with respect to the 1st harmonic option ................................................................................. 35
5.3.2.5. Average value option ....................................................................................................................... 36
5.4. Recording settings .............................................................................................................. 37
5.4.1. Recording settings screen ........................................................................................................ 37
5.4.2. Comments ................................................................................................................................ 38
5.4.2.1. Use of virtual keyboard .................................................................................................................... 38
5.4.3. Start and Stop ........................................................................................................................... 39
5.4.4. Integration period ...................................................................................................................... 39
5.4.5. Cogenerations .......................................................................................................................... 39
5.4.6. General Parameters ................................................................................................................. 40
5.4.6.1. General Parameters: sub-levels description .................................................................................... 42
5.4.6.2. Harmonics: sub-levels description ................................................................................................... 43
5.4.7. Voltage Anomalies .................................................................................................................... 44
5.4.8. Unbalance ................................................................................................................................. 45
5.4.9. Predefined configurations ......................................................................................................... 46
5.4.10. Start a recording ....................................................................................................................... 52
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5.4.10.1. Automatic start of recording ............................................................................................................. 54
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VEGA78
5.4.11. During a recording .................................................................................................................... 55
5.5. Saved data management section ........................................................................................ 56
5.5.1. Recording analysis (Reg type) ................................................................................................. 57
5.5.1.1. Recording information ..................................................................................................................... 57
5.5.1.2. Recording graph .............................................................................................................................. 58
5.5.1.3. Dips ans swells ................................................................................................................................ 60
5.5.1.4. Analysis of consumed energy .......................................................................................................... 62
5.5.1.5. Analysis of producted energy .......................................................................................................... 63
5.5.2. Recording analysis (Istant type) ............................................................................................... 64
5.5.2.1. Recording information ..................................................................................................................... 64
5.5.2.2. Graph .............................................................................................................................................. 65
5.5.2.3. Harmonics analysis ......................................................................................................................... 65
5.5.2.4. Vectors ............................................................................................................................................ 66
5.5.2.5. Measures ......................................................................................................................................... 67
5.5.3. Transfer recordings to a external Pen Driver USB ................................................................... 68
5.5.4. Saving recordings to external Compact Flash .......................................................................... 69
5.6. Meter information ................................................................................................................ 70
6. CONNECTION OF METER TO PC (WITH WIN XP) ................................................. 71
7. MEASURING PROCEDURES .................................................................................. 72
7.1. Using of meter in a Single phase system – ENG type ........................................................ 72
7.2. Using of meter in a Single phase system – ENG_UK type ................................................. 73
7.3. Using of meter in a 3-phase 4 wire system – ENG type ...................................................... 74
7.4. Using of meter in a 3-phase 4 wire system – ENG_UK type ............................................... 75
7.5. Using of meter in a Three phase 3 wire system – ENG type .............................................. 76
7.6. Using of meter in a Three phase 3 wire system – ENG_UK type ....................................... 77
7.7. Using of meter in a Three phase 3 wire ARON system – ENG type ................................... 78
7.8. Using of meter in a 3-phase 3 wire ARON system – ENG_UK type ................................... 79
7.9. Using of meter in a 3-phase 4-wire 3P HL (USA system) – ENG type ................................ 80
7.10. Using in a 3-phase 4-wire 3PHL (USA system) – ENG_UK type .................................... 81
7.11. Using of meter in a 3-phase 3-wire 3POD (USA system) – ENG type ............................ 82
7.12. Using of meter in 3-phase 3-wire 3POD (USA system) – ENG_UK type ........................ 83
7.13. Using of meter in a 3 wire 3P 2E (USA system) – ENG type .......................................... 84
7.14. Using of meter in a 3 wire 3P 2E (USA system) – ENG_UK type ................................... 85
7.15. Using of meter in a 3 wire 3P OY (USA system) – ENG type ......................................... 86
7.16. Using of meter in a 3 wire 3P OY (USA system) – ENG_UK type .................................. 87
7.17. Using of meter in a 3 wire 1PH3W (USA system) – ENG type ....................................... 88
7.18. Using of meter in a 3 wire 1PH3W (USA system) – ENG_UK type ................................ 89
8. MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................................ 90
8.1. General ............................................................................................................................... 90
8.2. Situations relative to internal battery ................................................................................... 90
8.3. Cleaning .............................................................................................................................. 90
8.4. End of life ............................................................................................................................ 90
9. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................... 91
9.1. Technical features ............................................................................................................... 91
9.2. General features ................................................................................................................. 93
9.3. Environment ........................................................................................................................ 93
9.3.1. Climatic condition ..................................................................................................................... 93
9.4. Accessories ......................................................................................................................... 93
10. APP ENDIX – THEORETICAL OUTLINES ................................................................ 94
10.1. Voltage Anomalies .......................................................................................................... 94
10.2. Voltage and current Harmonics ....................................................................................... 94
10.2.1. Theory ....................................................................................................................................... 94
10.2.2. Limit values for harmonic voltage ............................................................................................. 95
10.2.3. Presence of harmonics: causes ............................................................................................... 96
10.2.4. Presence of harmonics: consequences ................................................................................... 96
10.3. Supply voltage unbalance ............................................................................................... 97
10.4. Power and power factor: definitions ................................................................................ 98
10.4.1. Conventions on powers and power factors .............................................................................. 99
10.4.2. Three phase 3 wire ARON system ......................................................................................... 100
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VEGA78
10.5. Measuring method: outlines .......................................................................................... 101
10.5.1. Integration period .................................................................................................................... 101
10.5.2. Power factor calculations ........................................................................................................ 101
11. AFTER-SALE SERVICE ......................................................................................... 102
11.1. Warranty ........................................................................................................................ 102
11.2. Service .......................................................................................................................... 102
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VEGA78
1. PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY MEASURES
1.1. GENERAL
This meter has been designed in compliance to IEC/EN61010-1 directive. For your own
safety and to avoid damaging the instrument we suggest you follow the procedures hereby
prescribed and to read carefully all the notes preceded by the symbol .
Before and during measurements please take care of below points:
Do not measure voltage or current in wet or dusty places.
Do not measure in presence of gas, explosive materials or combustibles.
Do not touch the circuit under test if no measurement is being taken.
Do not touch exposed metal parts, unused terminals, circuits and so on.
Do not use the meter if it seems to be malfunctioning (i.e. if you notice deformations,
breaks, leakage of substances, absence of messages on the display and so on).
The below symbols are used in this manual and on meter:
Caution: keep to what prescribed by the manual. An incorrect use could damage
the instrument or its components.
High voltage: risk of electric shock.
Double insulation.
The voltages indicates on the left of this symbol are referred to ground
1.2. PRELIMINARY INSTRUCTIONS
This instrument has been designed for use in places with pollution class 2.
It can be used for VOLTAGE and CURRENT measurements on installations of excess
voltage CAT IV 600V to earth and a CAT III 1000V maximum voltage between inputs
We recommend following the normal safety rules devised by the procedures for
carrying out operations on live systems and using the prescribed PPE to protect the
user against dangerous currents and the instrument against incorrect use
In case the lack of warning against the presence of voltage may constitute a danger for
the operator always carry out a continuity measurement before carrying out the
measurement of the live system to confirm the correct connection and condition of the
leads
Only the accessories supplied with the instrument guarantee compliance with the
safety standards. Accordingly, they must be in good conditions and, if necessary, they
must be replaced with identical models.
Do not take measurements on circuits exceeding the specified current and voltage
limits.
Before connecting cables, crocodiles and clamps to the circuit under test, make sure
that the right function has been selected.
CAUTION
Please perform a complete charging of internal battery for at least 5 hours
before using the meter the first time.
Please press and hold the ON/OFF key for about 5s when turning on the
meter the first time.
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VEGA78
1.3. DURING USE
Please read carefully the below points:
CAUTION
Should you fail to keep to the prescribed instructions you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Do not touch any unused terminal when the meter is connected to the circuit on test.
When measuring current, other currents located near the leads may affect the
measuring accuracy.
When measuring current, always position the wire in the very middle of the jaws in
order to obtain the highest accuracy.
A measured value remains constant if the "HOLD" function is active. Should you notice
that the measured value remains unchanged, disable the “HOLD” function.
1.4. AFTER USE
After use, turn off the instrument by pressing ON/OFF key for a few seconds.
If you expect not to use the instrument for a long time please keep to the storage
instructions described at § 3.3.
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VEGA78
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
2.1. INTRODUCTION
The VEGA78 meter permits a completely new approach to the world of electrical
measures on network quality. In fact the computer assisted instruments along with
Windows CE technology permit an easy and widely fast analysis of a huge quantity of
data, which would be impossible with any other system.
2.2. FUNCTIONS
This meter are able to performs:
Real time visualization of numeric values of any electrical parameters of a single phase
and three-phase 3-wire or 4-wire systems, harmonic analysis of voltages and currents
up to 64st order, Voltage anomalies (surge and dips) with 10ms resolution, voltages
unbalance.
Real time display of any input signal waveform, histogram graphics of harmonics
analysis and vectorial diagrams of mutual angles between voltages and currents.
Recording (by pressing GO/STOP key) of this values: TRMS values of voltages,
currents, corresponding harmonics, active, reactive and apparent powers, power
factors and cosphi, active, reactive and apparent energies, voltage anomalies. It will
be possible to analyze the recorded data ONLY by transferring them to a PC.
Saving (by pressing SAVE key) of a “Instant” sampled of instantaneous values of any
parameters present at instrument input inside memory. It will be possible to analyze
the memorized data ONLY by transferring them to a PC.
2.3. INITIAL SCREEN
When turning on the instrument by pressing ON/OFF key, this below screen will appear for
a few seconds:
VEGA78
HT
Sn:15030004 Ver:1.37
Calibration Date: 09/09/2015
Here you can see (besides model code and manufacturer name):
The serial number of the meter (Sn:).
The release of internal meter Firmware (Rel:).
Date of last calibration (Calibration Date:).
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VEGA78
3. PREPARE TO USE
3.1. INITIAL CHECK
This meter has been checked before shipment from an electrical and mechanical point of
view. All possible precautions have been taken in order to deliver it in perfect condition.
Notwithstanding, on receipt of the instrument we suggest that you check it summarily to
make sure that no damage has occurred in transit. Should you find irregularities please
contact the carrier immediately.
Furthermore, please make sure that the parcel contains all the accessories and parts listed
at enclosed packing list. In case of discrepancies please contact your dealer. Should it be
necessary to return the instrument to the supplier please keep to the instructions given at
chapter 11.
3.2. INSTRUMENT POWER SUPPLY
The instrument can be powered only by a rechargeable Li-ION battery (3.7V, 1900mAh)
which is included with the meter. Use only the external adapter standard supplied with
meter for charging battery (see § 8.2 for more details).
For recordings use ALWAYS the external adapter (even the instrument
allows the operator to perform a recording using internal battery).
Please perform a complete charging of internal battery for at least 5
hours before the first use of meter.
The meter uses the below options to increase the battery duration:
Automatically reduction of display brightness after about 30s from last operation
performed with meter, with external adapter not connected.
Auto Power OFF feature after about 5 minutes from the last operation on function keys
or display touch screen with external adapter not connected (see § 5.1.6).
3.3. STORAGE
To guarantee accurate measurements, after a long storage period in severe environmental
conditions wait until the instrument resumes its normal conditions (see § 9.3.1).
CAUTION
CAUTION
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VEGA78
g
4. HOW TO OPERATE
4.1. INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
CAPTION:
1. Voltage and Current inputs
2. TFT display with “touchscreen”
3. F1 – F4 keys
4. Arrows keys and ENTER key
5. GO/STOP key
6. SAVE key
7. ON/OFF key
8. Input for external adapter
9. HELP key
10. ESC key
11. Output per external compact flash
connection
12. Output per external USB driver
connection
13. USB output for PC connection
Fig. 1: Description of meter's front panel
CAPTION:
4
3
1. B1-B4 inputs for voltage
connections on L1, L2, L3 phases
and neutral N
2. BE input for Ground connection
3. Inputs for currents connections on
L1, L2, L3
4. Input for neutral N current
2
1
connection
Fig. 2: Description of meter's input terminals
1
ESD Warnin
COMPACT FLASH
2
3
5
4
CAPTION:
1. Input for external adapter
2. Output for compact flash (*)
3. Output for external driver USB (*)
4. RESET command
5. USB output for PC connection (*)
Fig. 3: Description of meter's output connectors
(*) Use the output connectors included into the lateral side only with meter OFF. This outputs should be
interested by electrostatic discharges (ESD).
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VEGA78
4.2. KEYBOARD DESCRIPTION
The below keys are available:
Key ON/OFF: Press this key to turn on the meter. Press and hold the key for few
seconds to turn off the meter.
Keys F1, F2, F3, F4: Multifunction keys. The various functions are intended from the s
shown on the bottom of display.
Key ESC: To leave a menu or a sub-menu. The smart icon which is shown
on screens performs the same function under interactive mode.
Key ENTER: Double function key:
ENTER: To confirm the settings made.
HOLD: To block the value updating in all real time screens and also
during a recording operation. “H” symbol is shown at display by
any pressing of key as for Fig. 4
Fig. 4: HOLD function active at display
Keys , , , /ZOOM in/ZOOM out: These arrows keys permit to select the desired
programmable parameters inside various screens. The double
function of ZOOM in and ZOOM out permits to change manually
the full scale of some graphics inside SCOPE section in order to
improve the global resolution on viewing waveforms of signals (see
§ 5.3.2). Arrow keys and permit to operate on internal pages
inside some kinds of screen.
Key SAVE: Saves an “Instant” type sampling of instantaneous values in
internal memory (see § 5.5). The same key permits also the saving
of various settings inside screens. The smart icon which is
shown on screens perform the same function under interactive
mode.
Key GO/STOP: Permits to start/stop any recording (see § 5.4.10).
Key HELP: Opens an help on line window on the meter screen with a short
description of the same screen which is instantaneously shown.
This key is active for any function.
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VEGA78
4.3. DISPLAY DESCRIPTION
The display is a graphic TFT colour type, 73x57mm sizes (VGA 320x240 pxls) with “touchscreen” which permits a really easy operations using standard PT400 pointer pen fitted in lateral
side of meter.
On first display’s row the system date/hour is shown by meter (see § 5.1.2 for settings). There
are also some icons relative to battery level indication or external adapter fitted and for waiting
and start of a recording. On second row the kind of selected measure is shown and the last row
shows the short s associated to F1, F4 function keys. An example of possible screen is show n
on Fig. 5
Fig. 5: Example of screen
4.4. RESET OF METER
The meter is designed with internal Reset Hardware which can be used if any functions is
blocked at display, in order to restore all correct operations. Consider the below steps to
perform Reset actions:
1. Using the PT400 pointer pen or another object softly pressing the internal part of the
little hole which is present on the lateral side of meter (see Fig. 3 – 4). The meter goes
automatically off.
2. Turn on the meter by pressing ON/OFF key and verify the correct working.
RESET operation will not erase the meter’s internal memory.
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VEGA78
5. GENERAL MENU
Whenever you turn on the meter, the below “Analyzer Configuration” screen is shown,
relative to the last configuration used (see Fig. 6):
Fig. 6: Example of analyzer configuration
In this situation the user can decide whether modify the actual configuration by pressing
F1 key (or “CHANGE” at display – see § 5.3.1) or directly access to General Menu by
pressing F4 key (or the “OK” at display). If no action is performed within 10s the meter
automatically goes to GENERAL MENU screen.
The GENERAL MENU of meter is correspondent to the screen shown in Fig. 7:
Fig. 7: GENERAL MENU screen
The actual selected section is shown with red background at display and it’s title is shown
in the bottom of display. The below sections are available on meter:
General settings section which permits to set the system parameters of meter as
date/hour, language, display brightness, protection password, keys sound on pressure
auto power off and memory type (see § 5.1).
Real time values section which permits to see the real time measured values at
display under various formats (see § 5.2).
Analyzer settings section which permits to define the simple and advanced
configurations relative to connection of meter to the installation (see § 5.3).
Recorder settings section which permits to select the parameters for each recording
and see the information about the autonomy of meter during operation (see § 5.4).
Recording results section which permits to see the list of all recordings saved on
internal memory, for memory cancel operations and the transfer of date in external Pen
Driver USB (see § 5.5).
Meter information section which permits to access to general information about meter
(serial number, internal Firmware and Software release, etc...) (see § 5.6).
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VEGA78
5.1. GENERAL SETTINGS
Fig. 8: MENU GENERAL screen - General settings section
This section permits to set the below control parameters:
System language.
System Date/Hour.
Display brightness.
Protection password during recordings.
Key sound on pressure.
Auto Power OFF Enable/Disable.
Memory type settings
Pressing ENTER key (or touch the relative icon at display). The below screen is shown by
meter:
Fig. 9: General Settings screen
5.1.1. Language selection
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Language”, marked with blue
background.
2. Using F3 or F4 keys (or touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) for selection of language choosing
among the different options.
3. Pressing SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon
) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also the turning off of meter.
4. Pressing ESC key (or the smart icon ) to exit by screen without saving any modify.
CAUTION
Changing the language form ENGLISH to ENGLISH_UK the colour of the
input cables is modified for any system
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VEGA78
5.1.2. Date/Time settings
1. Press the F1 key (or touch DATE at display) on screen of Fig. 9. The below screen is
shown by meter:
Fig. 10: Date/Time settings screen
2. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Date format” and “Time format”,
marked with blue background.
3. Using F3 or F4 keys (or touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) for Date setting choosing between
the two possible formats (European EU or American US):
DD:MM:YY
MM:DD:YY
Option EU
Option US
4. Using F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) for Time setting choosing
between two possible format (24 hours or 12 hours):
HH:MM:SS
HH:MM:AM(PM)
Option 24h
Option 12h
5. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon
) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also the turning off of meter.
6. Pressing ESC key (or the smart icon
) to exit by screen without saving any modify.
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VEGA78
5.1.3. Display brightness adjust
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on the field relative to “Brightness”, marked with
blue background
Fig. 11: Adjust brightness screen
2. Using F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) for adjustment of display
brightness percentage. The meter increases or decreases this value in step of 5% for
each pressure of key.
3. Press SAVE or ENTER key (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also the turn off of meter.
4. Press ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving any modification.
5.1.4. Protection Password setting
The meter is provided with a protection password to avoid the risk of accidental recording
interruption.
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Password” , marked it with blue
background
Fig. 12: Protection password settings screen
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) to enable “YES” or disable
“NO” of Password.
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VEGA78
3. With Password enabled, should GO/STOP key be pressed during a recording, the
meter will not stop the operation but will require the user to insert password as shown
in the below screen:
Fig. 13: Insert Password screen
4. The fixed password (not changeable by user) to insert on meter within 10s from
warning message is the below sequence of keys:
F1, F4, F3, F2
5. If a wrong password is fitted or if more of 10s elapse, the meter will give the warning
message “Wrong Password” and it’s necessary to repeat the operation. As soon as the
correct password is fitted, the meter will stop immediately the recording running and the
correspondent icon at display (see
6. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also after turning off the meter.
7. Pressing ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving any modification.
5.1.5. Sound keys setting
The meter permits to enable a instantaneous sound for any key pressure of the frontal
panel.
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Sound”, marked with blue
background, see
Fig. 14: Keys sound settings screen
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) to enable “YES” or disable
“NO” of keys sound.
3. Pressing SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also after turning off the meter.
4. Press ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving any modification.
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VEGA78
5.1.6. Auto power off setting
The meter permits to enable or disable the auto power off option in order to prevent a
quick discharge of internal battery. This feature, if selected, is active under each of the
following conditions:
No action was performed both any key or touch display for at least 5 minutes.
Meter does not supplied with external adapter.
Meter does not in recording running.
The effect is a long sound before turn off of meter.
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on the field relative to “Auto power off”, marked with
blue background, see
Fig. 15: Auto power off setting screen
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) for enable “YES” or disable
“NO” auto power off.
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also after turning off the meter.
4. Press ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving any modification.
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VEGA78
5.1.7. Memory type setting
The meter permits saving of recordings both in its internal memory (about 15Mbytes) and
by using an external compact flash (see § 5.5.4 for details) fitted (see Fig. 3). For the
selection of memory type follow the below steps:
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Memory type”, marked with blue
background
Fig. 16: Memory type setting screen
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) to choose “ INTERNAL” or
“EXTERNAL”memory type.
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also after turning off the meter.
4. Press ESC key (or the smart icon ) to exit by screen without saving any modify.
5.1.8. “Touch screen” calibration
This operation is necessary if any internal features of “touch screen” display are not
correctly positionated or not more selectable by using the PT400 pointer
1. Select the “TOUCH” item inside the “General settings” section. The message “Do You
want to calibrate touch screen?” is shown by the meter. Confirm with “Ok”. The
herewith screen is shown:
Press and briefly hold stylus on the center of the target.
Repeat as the target moves around the sceen.
Fig. 17: Touch screen calibration screen
2. By pressing and soft hold the PT400 pointer on the central point of the cross cursor
(see Fig. 17) move the cursor to the four corners of display
3. Switch off and thane turn on the meter by means of ON/OFF key to complete the
operation
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VEGA78
5.2. REAL TIME VALUES
Fig. 18: MENU GENERAL screen - Real time values section
In this section the real time measured values of parameters both on input channels and
internally calculated are shown by meter. In particular are shown the AC TRMS voltages,
currents and all kind of electrical parameters for any single phase and total, voltages
Unbalanced, voltage and current waveforms for any single phase and total, voltage and
current harmonics up to 64th component for any single phase and total both in numerical
and histograms graphical format in absolute or percentage value with respect to each
fundamental signal and vectorial diagrams of each voltage and current with the respective
phase angles in order to define the correct nature of system loads under test.
5.2.1. Real time values
As an example, below are shown the screens relative to a three phase 4-wire system. Similar
consideration can be applied to any other selected system. Further in this manual the
expression “Page x/y” will be used, to indicate that the current page number (x) and the total
number of pages (y) depend on the instrument settings. Pr ess ing cy cli cal ly F1 key or arrow
keys left of right the meter shows the other pages of TRMS measured values which are
described in below pictures. Pressing ESC key to go back to previous screens or back to
GENERAL MENU
PARAMETERS CAPTION
V1N Phase-Neutral voltage L1 phase
V2N Phase-Neutral voltage L2 phase
V3N Phase-Neutral voltage L3 phase
VNPE Neutral-Ground voltage
V12 Phase L1 – Phase L2 voltage
V23 Phase L2 – Phase L3 voltage
V23 Phase L3 – Phase L1 voltage
NEG% Un balance percentage of negative tern
ZERO% Unbalance percentage of zero tern
SEQ phases sequence indication as:
”123” = > Corrected
”132” = > Reversed
”023” = > Null voltage on the Black wire
”103” = > Null voltage on the Red wire
”120” = > Null voltage on the Brown wire
”100” = > Null voltage on the Red and Brown wires
”020” = > Null voltage on the Black and Brown wires
”003” = > Null voltage on the Black and Red wires
Hz Frequency
I1 Current on L1 phase
I2 Current on L2 phase
I3 Current on L3 phase
IN Current on Neutral
Fig. 19: Page of numerical values
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VEGA78
PARAMETERS CAPTION:
Pact Total Active Power
Preact Total Reactive Power
Papp Total Apparent Power
Pf Total Power Factor
CosPhi Total Power factor considering fundamental
of voltage and current signals
Fig. 20: Page of total power values
PARAMETERS CAPTION:
V1N Phase-Neutral voltage L1 phase
I1 Current on L1 phase
Pact1 Active Power L1 phase
Preact1 Reactive Power L1 phase
Papp1 Apparent Power L1 phase
Pf1 Power factor L1 phase
CosPhi1 Power factor between fundamental of
voltage L1 and current L1
Fig. 21: Page of Phase 1 values
PARAMETERS CAPTION:
V2N Phase-Neutral voltage L2 phase
I2 Current on L2 phase
Pact2 Active Power L2 phase
Preact2 Reactive Power L2 phase
Papp2 Apparent Power L2 phase
Pf2 Power factor L2 phase
CosPhi2 Power factor between fundamental of
voltage L2 and current L2
Fig. 22: Page of Phase 2 values
PARAMETERS CAPTION:
V3N Phase-Neutral voltage L3 phase
I3 Current on L3 phase
Pact3 Active Power L3 phase
Preact3 Reactive Power L3 phase
Papp3 Apparent Power L3 phase
Pf3 Power factor L3 phase
CosPhi3 Power factor between fundamental of
voltage L3 and current L3
Fig. 23: Page of Phase 3 values
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VEGA78
PARAMETERS CAPTION:
Eact Total active energy consumed when starting
recording.
Ppeak Maximum peak of consumed active power.
Date Ppeak Date and time in which the peak occurred.
Start rec. Date when recording was started.
Stop rec. Date when recording was stopped.
Rec. Time Time elapsed from Rec Start.
Int. Per. Value of the set integration period.
Rec Number of the recording in progress
Fig. 24: Consumed energy page
CAUTION
The Total Consumed Energy page is shown only if the instrument has been
set for the Recording of the General Parameter Total “Active Power &
Energy” (see § 5.4.6.1). Values will be shown only during or at the end of a
recording and zeroed upon starting a new recording or when the instrument
is switched off
PARAMETERS CAPTION:
Eact Total active energy produced when starting
recording.
Ppeak Maximum peak of produced active power.
Date Ppeak Date and time in which the peak occurred.
Start rec. Date when recording was started.
Stop rec. Date when recording was stopped.
Rec Time Time elapsed from Rec Start.
Int. Per. Value of the set integration period.
Rec Number of the recording in progress
Fig. 25: Producted energy page
CAUTION
The Total Produced Energy page is shown only if recording parameter “Cogeneration” has been set in the instrument (see § 5.4.5) and if general
parameter Total “Active Power & Energy” has been selected (see § 5.4.6.1).
Values will be shown only during or at the end of a recording and zeroed
upon starting a new recording or when the instrument is switched off.
PARAMETERS CAPTION:
AVGV Average value voltage V1, V2, V3
AVGI Average value current I1, I2, I3
AVGPact Average value active power on L1, L2, L3
AVGPreact Average value reactive power on
L1,L2,L3
Fig. 26: Page of numerical average values
CAUTION
The AVERAGE RMS VALUES page will be shown only if option AVERAGE
VALUES “YES” is enabled in the Advanced Settings section (see § 5.3.2.5)
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VEGA78
5.2.2. SCOPE waveforms screens
Starting from a any page of numerical values it’s possible to select waveforms screens of
the input signals by pressing F2 key (or touch SCOPE at display). By pressing cyclically
F1 key the below screens are shown by meter.
As an example, below are shown the screens relative to a three phase 4-wire system. Similar
consideration can be applied to any other selected system
Simultaneous waveforms of voltages V1, V2, V3 and neutral voltage Vn (for three
phase 4-wire system and single phase), with their TRMS values as shown in below
screens:
Fig. 27: Voltage waveforms screen for 4-wire systems
Simultaneous waveforms of currents I1, I2, I3 and neutral current In (for three phase 4-
wire system), with their TRMS values as shown in below screens:
Fig. 28: Current waveforms screen for 4-wire systems
Waveforms of signals on L1 phase, with their TRMS values, as below shown:
Fig. 29: Voltage/Current waveforms screen L1 phase for 4-wire and 3-wire systems
Waveforms of signals on L2 phase, with their TRMS values, as below shown:
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VEGA78
Fig. 30: Voltage/Current waveforms screen L2 phase for 4-wire systems
Waveforms of signals on L3 phase, with their TRMS values, as below shown:
Fig. 31: Voltage/Current waveforms screen L3 phase for 4-wire systems
In Manual mode inside Advanced Settings (see § 5.3.2.1) a customisation of full scale of
voltage and current graphic is possible in order to improve the resolution on readings. In
this situation pressing arrow keys ZOOM in or ZOOM out for increase or decrease the
value of desired full scale. Press F2 key to change from current full scale to voltage full
scale. Press ESC key (or the smart icon
) to quit waveforms screens and go back to
TRMS real time values screen.
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VEGA78
5.2.3. HARM analysis screens
Starting from any page of numerical values it’s possible to enter harmonics numerical
values and histogram graphics screens section for voltage and current input signals by
pressing F2 key (or touch HARM at display). By pressing cyclically F1 key the below
screens are shown by meter.
As an example, below are shown the screens relative to a three phase 4-wire system. Similar
consideration can be applied to any other selected system.
Harmonics values of V1, V2, V3 voltages and neutral voltage Vn (for three phase 4-
wire system), currents I1, I2, I3 and neutral current In (for three phase 4-wire system)
with THD% values both with histogram graphics and with numerical values in
percentage or absolute value, (see § 5.3.2.3 as below shown. The positive value
means the condition of absorbed harmonics (mains loads direction) while the
negative value means the condition of generated harmonics (loads mains direction)
Fig. 32: Harmonic analysis of voltages in percentage value for 4-wire systems
In all case the full scale of graphs is automatically set from meter depending on measured
values.
Change to currents screens by pressing F2 key (or touch “HARM I” at display). By
pressing F1 key (or the PAGE at display) the screens of total values and each phase
currents I1, I2, I3 and In (for 4-wire and single phase systems). The main screens are
below shown:
Fig. 33: Harmonic analysis of currents percentage/absolute for 4-wire systems
Change to screens of numerical values tables of harmonics voltages and currents up to
64st both percentage and absolute value (see § 5.3.2.3) by pressing F3 key (or touch
“TABLE” at display), as shown in below pictures:
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VEGA78
Fig. 34: Harmonic analysis voltages in percentage value for 4-wire systems
Fig. 35: Harmonic analysis currents in percentage value for 4-wire systems
Press F3 key to back to graphical screens and F2 key to change voltages’ or currents’
screens. Press F4 key or the up and down arrows (or touch the “HARM PAG” at display)
to show the screens relative to other harmonics orders up to 64st.
Harmonics values of single V1, V2, V3 voltages and neutral voltage Vn and single
currents I1, I2, I3 and neutral current In (for three phase 4-wire system) with THD%
values both with histogram graphics and with numerical values in percentage or
absolute value depending on the desired settings. These values are shown in four
pages selectable by pressing cyclically the F1 key (or touch the “PAGE” at display). On
Fig. 36 and Fig. 37 are display as an example, the situation relative to L1 phase for
voltage and current on 4-wire systems is shown in the next pictures:
Fig. 36: Harmonic analysis voltage V1 in percentage values for 4-wire system
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VEGA78
Fig. 37: Harmonic analysis of current I1 in percentage/absolute values for 4-wire system
5.2.4. Vectorial diagrams screens
Starting from a any page of numerical values it’s possible to select the vectorial diagrams
screens of voltage and currents by pressing F4 key (or touch “VECTORS” at display). The
aim of this feature is to show, with numerical and graphical indications, the phase angles,
expressed in degree [°] between the three voltages V1, V2 and V3 and the currents I1, I2
and I3 in order to understand in each moment the inductive or capacitive loads nature of
ele c t ri c a l i n s t al l a ti o n s. As an example, below are shown the screens relative to a three phase
4-wire system. Similar consideration can be applied to any other selected system. By pressing
cyclically F1 key the below screens are shown by meter:
Vectorial diagram total of phase angles among V1, V2, V3 and between V1-I1, V2-I2,
V3-I3 more than indication of percentage values of “NEG%” e “ZERO%” parameters
(see § 10.3):
The vectorial diagram of single voltages depending on the type of selected systems as
shown in below screens:
Fig. 38: Vectorial diagram total for 4-wire system
Fig. 39: Vectorial voltage diagram for 4-wire system
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VEGA78
The vectorial diagram of voltage and current for each phase depending on the type of
system as shown in below screens:
Fig. 40: Vectorial current diagram for 4-wire system
Fig. 41: Vectorial voltage/current diagram L1 phase for 4-wire system
Pressing ESC key (or smart icon at display) to exit from each screen and back to the
previous one.
The vectors of voltages are referred to the external circle on each diagram
CAUTION
and the vectors of current are referred to second circle. The vectors’ sizes
are designed so that the vector of maximum amplitude can touch the circle
and the other vectors are scaled with respect to it proportionally to their
amplitude.
The rotation positive reference associated at each vectorial diagram is
clockwise.
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VEGA78
5.3. ANALYZER SETTINGS
Fig. 42: Analyzer settings screen
Inside this section the meter permits to perform basic and advanced selections relative to
the type of electrical installation under test. In particular it is possible to
Select the type of system, the frequency, the kind of current clamp, the full scale of
current clamp and the VT ratio of external voltage transformer which can be connected
with meter (Analyser Configuration)
Setting the Manual mode for the customisation of full scale on graphic screen of Real
Time section, the type of harmonic to be shown on screens, the percentage or absolute
values of harmonics, the harmonics zoom, the average calculation of voltages,
currents, active and reactive powers (Advanced Settings).
We suggest the use of smart icons and in order to perform a complete interaction.
5.3.1. Analyzer Configuration screen
Inside the “Analyzer configuration” section a screen depending on the type of system
selected by user during the last operation is shown by meter: The instrument is granted
for a correct measurement only in connection with the following electrical systems:
Three phase system 4WIRE (Three phase four wire WYE system + ground) – ENG &
ENG_UK
Three phase system 3WIRE (Three phase system three wire WYE (no Neutral) +
ground) – ENG & ENG_UK
Three phase system ARON (Three phase system three wire DELTA ARON - 2
wattmeter method + ground) – ENG & ENG_UK
SINGLE phase system (phase + neutral+ ground) – ENG & ENG_UK
Three phase system 4-wire “3PHL (Three phase four wire DELTA system with center
tapped high leg + ground – USA systems (ENG & ENG_UK)
Two phase system 3-wire “3POY (Open WYE three wire system with 2 transformer
windings + ground)” – USA systems (ENG & ENG_UK)
Three phase system 3-wire “3POD” (Open DELTA three wire system with 2
transformer windings + ground)” – USA systems (ENG & ENG_UK)
Two phase system 3-wire “3P2E (Three phase three wire system without
Voltage/current sensor on phase L3 + ground )” – USA systems (ENG & ENG_UK)
Two phase system 3-wire “1Ph3W” (Split phase + ground) – USA systems (ENG &
ENG_UK)
CAUTION
Changing the language form ENGLISH to ENGLISH_UK the colour of the
input cables is modified for any system
Below the possible screens of above systems’ options are described:
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VEGA78
Fig. 43: Analyzer configuration screen for 4-wire system – ENG type
Fig. 44: Analyzer configuration screen for 4-wire system – ENG_UK type
Fig. 45: Analyzer Configuration screen for 3-wire system – ENG type
Fig. 46: Analyzer Configuration screen for 3-wire system – ENG_UK type
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VEGA78
Fig. 47: Analyzer Configuration screen for ARON system – ENG type
Fig. 48: Analyzer Configuration screen for ARON system – ENG_UK type
Fig. 49: Analyzer Configuration screen for Single phase system – ENG type
Fig. 50: Analyzer Configuration screen for Single phase system – ENG_UK type
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VEGA78
Fig. 51: Analyzer Configuration screen for Two phase system 3-wire 1Ph3W – ENG type
Fig. 52: Analyzer Configuration screen for 2-phase system 3-wire 1Ph3W – ENG_UK type
Fig. 53: Analyzer Configuration screen for Two phase system 3-wire 3P 2E – ENG type
Fig. 54: Analyzer Configuration screen for 2-phase system 3-wire 3P 2E – ENG_UK type
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VEGA78
Fig. 55: Analyzer Configuration screen for Three phase system 3-wire 3P OD – ENG type
Fig. 56: Analyzer Configuration screen for 3-phase system 3-wire 3P OD – ENG_UK type
Fig. 57: Analyzer Configuration screen for Three phase system 4-wire 3P HL – ENG type
Fig. 58: Analyzer Configuration screen for 3-phase system 4-wire 3P HL – ENG_UK type
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VEGA78
Fig. 59: Analyzer Configuration screen for Two phase system 3-wire 3P OY – ENG type
Fig. 60: Analyzer Configuration screen for 2-phase system 3-wire 3P OY – ENG_UK type
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “System”, marked with blue
background.
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) to select the type of system
choosing among “4-WIRE”, “3-WIRE”, “ARON” or “SINGLE” options.
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also after turning off the meter.
4. Press ESC key (or the smart icon
) to quit without saving any modification.
5.3.1.1. Setting system frequency
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Freq[Hz]”, marked with blue
background.
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) to select the system
frequency choosing between 50Hz or 60Hz options. This parameter is relevant ONLY if
the input voltage not permits to recognize the frequency value (for example, only the
clamps for the current measurement are connected). In this case the instrument
generates an internal synchronism equal to the value of the set frequency.
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon
) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also after turn off the meter.
4. Press ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving any modification.
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VEGA78
5.3.1.2. Setting clamp type
This parameter must be always set equal to the clamp type used.
Two types of clamps are available:
STD: For Standard clamps or Current Transformer.
FLEX: For Flexible clamps
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Clamp Type”, marked with blue
background.
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) to select clamp type
choosing between STD or FLEX options.
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also after turn off the meter.
4. Pressing ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving any modification.
5.3.1.3. Setting full scale of clamps
The value of this parameter must be always equal to the full scale of the current
clamps used to take the measurement. In case multi-scale clamps are used, the value of
this parameter must be equal to the scale selected on the clamps.
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Clamps F S [A]” , marked it with
blue background.
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) to select the desired full
scale. In case of STD clamps any value can be set by using F3 or F4 keys (alternatively
touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)). In case of FLEX clamp only 300A or 3000A options are
possible.
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also after turning off the meter.
4. Pressing ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving any modification.
5.3.1.4. Setting VT ratio
The meter can be interfaced also with step-down transformers in the equipment under test.
It can display the value of he voltages present on the primary winding of these
transformers. To do this it will be necessary to set the value of the transformers’ windings
ratio.
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “VT Ratio” , marked it with blue
background.
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) for selec tion of desired value
from 1 to 3000. Leave the default value “1” if no voltage transformer is present on
installation.
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also after turning off the meter.
4. Press ESC key (or the smart icon ) to to quit without saving any modification.
5.3.2. Advanced Settings screen
By pressing F2 key (or touch the “ADVANCED” at display) in any screen of “Analyzer
Configuration” section, below screen is shown by meter:
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VEGA78
Fig. 61: Advanced Settings screen
In the above screen is possible to select advanced options which have effect in Real Time
values screens of meter.
5.3.2.1. Zoom graphics option
This option permits to select a customized full scale on each phase of voltage and current
waveforms (see Fig. 29, Fig. 30, Fig. 31) in order to better the resolution of readings.
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Zoom graphics”, marked wit h
blue background.
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) to select one of below
options:
MANUAL: define a customized full scale for waveforms’ visualization choosing
among the available values. A value included from 2.0A to 5000kA it’s set for
current and included from 2.0V to 2000kV it’s set for voltage.
AUTO: the full scale values are automatically modified by the meter
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also the turn off of meter.
4. Press ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving any modification
5.3.2.2. Harmonics type option
This option permits to select the type of harmonics which can be shown inside Real Time
values section.
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Harm. type” , marked it with
blue background.
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) to select one of below
options:
ALL: The meter shows all the harmonics up to the 64st.
EVEN: The meter shows all the even harmonics up to the 64st
ODD: The meter shows all the odd harmonics up to the 64st
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also the turn off of meter.
4. Press ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving any modification.
CAUTION
Not depending on selected harmonics type for the visualization, the meter can
performs the recording of all values in any case.
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VEGA78
5.3.2.3. Harmonics values option
This option permits to select the value of harmonics which can be shown inside Real Time
values’ section.
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Harm. values” , marked it with
blue background.
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) to select one of below
options:
ABSOLUTE: The meter shows the harmonics in absolute values (in V unit for
voltages and A unit for currents).
PERCENTAGE: The meter shows the harmonics in percentage value respect each
fundamental.
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also the turn off of meter.
4. Press ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving any modification.
CAUTION
Independently of the harmonics value selected for display, the meter can
perform the recording of absolute values anyway.
5.3.2.4. Zoom with respect to the 1st harmonic option
This option permits to show harmonics graphics with a zoom relative to the first harmonic
order (fundamental) or with a zoom relative to the highest amplitude harmonic inside the
Real Time values section. Also in this case the aim is to better the final resolution of
graphics.
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Zoom 1st harm” , marked it
with blue background.
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) to select one of below
options:
YES: The meter performs the graphics zoom respect to the first harmonic
NO: The meter performs the graphics zoom respect to the highest amplitude
harmonics except for the first harmonic. This option is active only if the zoom
graphic option (see 5.3.2.1) is set on AUTO mode
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also the turn off of meter.
4. Press ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving any modification.
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VEGA78
5.3.2.5. Average value option
This option, available for 4-wire systems only, permits to display the arithmetic average
of TRMS values of:
Phase voltages V1, V2, V3.
Phase currents I1, I2, I3.
Active power on each phase P1, P2, P3.
The result is shown on Page 9/9 of numerical TRMS value (see Fig. 26).
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Average values” , marked it
with blue background.
2. Use F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch MOD(+) o MOD(-)) to select one of below
options:
YES: The meter shows the page 9/9 of average values inside Real Time Values
section only for 4-wire systems.
NO: The meter does not shows the page 8/8 of average values inside Real Time
Values section.
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the selected option and
confirm by “Ok”. This selected parameter will be present also the turn off of meter.
4. Press ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving any modification.
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VEGA78
5.4. RECORDING SETTINGS
Fig. 62: Recording Settings screen selection
In this section the meter permits to define any detail relative to start and stop of recordings,
perform parameters selection for recording, the type of analysis to be carried out very
easily thanks to “touch screen” display. The use of smart icons and is particularly
recommended in this section.
5.4.1. Recording settings screen
This screen is designed with some levels and sub-levels as a typical tree Windows
structure in order to reach with extreme details the desired options. After selection of
“Recording settings” icon, see the below screen is shown:
Fig. 63: Recording settings screen
Using up and down arrows keys or touching directly the items at display the
selection/disable of internal flags inside check box is possible. Clic k on check box with “+”
symbol to cause an expansion of structure with the opening of a new sub-level inside
which new selections are possible. Click on check box with “-” symbol to go back to master
level. The displayed selection/disable of parameters is performed in the following way:
Grey text and empty check box Node completely disabled.
Black text and empty check box Node partially selected.
Black text and selected check box Node completely selected.
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VEGA78
The bottom bar of display included the below functions, relative to F1, F2, F3, F4 keys:
CLP/EXP: Used to collapse or expand the sub-levels.
PREDEF.: Used to open the typical configuration section (see § 5.4.9).
SEL: Used to select or disable parameters inside various levels.
MODIFY: Used to perform any parameters modify inside various levels
On the bottom of display the number of selected parameters and the recording
autonomy, expressed in days and hours, is shown by meter. These s are dynamically
updated from meter depending on the parameters selection.
5.4.2. Comments
These option permits to insert a short comment row at display which will compare also in
print report downloaded from meter to PC. This comment text is set both using standard
TopView software (for any information please refer to software Help on line) and by using
the virtual keyboard on meter which is activated by pressing F4 key (or the MODIFY at
display). The flag of this option is always active and not disabled.
5.4.2.1. Use of virtual keyboard
With the Comments: marked in blue background at display press F4 key (or the MODIFY
at display). The below screen is shown at display:
Fig. 64: Virtual keyboard screen
The keys’ description of the above keyboard is shown in the below table:
Keys Description
a, b,c,…z
Cap
123
Sb
Standard small letters keyboard for digit comments up to
25 characters
Capital letters keyboard AZ is shown
Numerical 09 besides mathematic operation symbols
(+,-,*,/,.,=) keyboard is shown
Special symbols keyboard is shown. By pressing “abc”
key to go back to standard small letter keyboard
Special symbols with special stress keyboard are shown.
àž
Press “abc” key to go back to standard small letter
keyboard
<-
Backspace key to cancel character on the left of the
cursor
Table 1: Description of function key of virtual keyboard
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5.4.3. Start and Stop
These items permits to define the method to enable and disable the recordings with meter
(see § 5.4.10). The possible options are:
Manu: Each recording is enabled/disabled in MANUAL mode by pressing GO/STOP
key.
Auto: Each recording is enabled/disabled in AUTOMATIC mode, starting from a setting
and valid date/hour by preliminary pressing of GO/STOP key.
The default configuration is always the MANUAL mode and the flags of these s are not
disable. To change from MANUAL mode to AUTO mode (see § 5.4.10.1) performs the
below steps:
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on the field relative to “Start:Manu” or
“Stop:Manu”, marked with blue background.
2. Press F4 key (alternatively touch the MODIFY at display). In the bottom of display a
command bar with “Manu” is shown.
3. Press F3 key (MOD(+)) or F4(MOD(-)) and select “Auto” .
4. Use left or right arrows keys to moving on date and hour fields. Using the up arrow key
or F3 (MOD(+)) key to increase the value and the down arrow key or F4 (MOD(-)) key
to decrease the value.
5. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save the settings. The Automatic
mode and the set date/hour are shown at display.
5.4.4. Integration period
This option permits to set the integration period (see § 10.5.1) which is the time interval
between two sequential recordings within the global duration of measurements. The flag of
this option is always active and not disabled.
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Integration period” , marked it
with blue background.
2. Press F4 key (alternatively touch the MODIFY at display). In the bottom of display a
command bar with “Integration Period” is shown.
3. Press F3 key (MOD(+)) or F4(MOD(-)) or up and down keys to set the desired
integration period choosing among the below values: 1s, 5s, 10s, 30s, 1min, 2min,
5min, 10min, 15min, 30min, 60min.
4. Press SAVE key or ENTER key (or the smart icon ) to save the settings. The
integration period value is shown at display.
5.4.5. Cogenerations
The selection of this , effected both by using up or down arrows keys and directly selecting
the flag at display, enters the values of powers and energies generated (co-generation) in
the list of recorded parameters (see § 10.4.1).
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5.4.6. General Parameters
This option permits the selection of network parameters for recording operation. This level
included several sub-level for a detailed selection depending on the type of system on test
(see § 5.3.1). Depending on the selection performed, different error screen can be shown
by meter. The below situations are possible:
Fig. 65: General Parameters section: no selection
The Fig. 65 shows the situation which the error due to no parameters selection is
performed also if the “General Parameters” is selected at display. Please note the text on
grey background and the not selected check box. In this situation other type of analysis as
Harmonics, Voltage Anomalies, etc.. are not possible. Pressing F3 key (or touch “SEL” at
display) to exit from this error condition. In this order the flag of “General Parameters”
check box it will be selected and the below screen (with black text background) is shown:
Fig. 66: General Parameters section: selected parameters
In example of the above picture 32 parameters are been selected on total of maximum 251
available and the correspondent autonomy is shown automatically by meter in this case.
CAUTION
The “General Parameters” check box activated flag, automatically select the
main electrical parameters whose number depends on the selected system
(Voltages, Currents, Frequency, Power Factor, Active, Reactive, Apparent
Powers, Active, Reactive, Apparent Energies). The failure to select “General
Parameters” flag automatically doe not select the above parameters.
The opposite situation is the error due to a too many selected parameters. In this case the
below screen is shown:
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Fig. 67: General Parameters section: too many selected parameters
In the above screen (see Fig. 67) the harmonics' selection brought about too many
selected parameters (more than 251). Not select some parameters to quit this situation.
CAUTION
The choose of a electrical for recording often increase the number of
selected parameters more than one unit only. In particular:
Frequency 1 selected parameter.
Voltage from 1 to 7 selected parameter depend on system.
Current from 1 to 4 selected parameter depend on system.
Powers and Energies from 1 to 8 selected parameter depend on
system and Cogenerations.
Power Factor from 1 to 8 selected parameter depend on system and
Cogeneration.
Harmonics: THD and DC from 1 to 8 selected parameter depend on
system.
Harmonics Odd from 25 to 100 selected parameter depend on
system.
Harmonics Even from 24 to 96 selected parameter depend on
system.
Voltage Anomalies no selected parameters.
Unbalance 1 selected parameter.
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VEGA78
5.4.6.1. General Parameters: sub-levels description
Press F1 key (or touch CLP/EXP at display) to expand or compress the sub-levels. The
parameters inside sub-levels are strictly depending on type of selected system (see §
5.3.1 ). As an example, below are shown the screens relative to a three phase 4-wire system.
Similar consideration can be applied to any other selected system.
Fig. 68: General Parameters sub-level – Three phase 4-wire system
Each parameter is always selectable independent from others. The below parameters
can be selected for recording in Single phase systems:
Parameters Description
Frequency Frequency of phases L1, L2, L3
Voltages
TRMS voltages L1-N, L2-N, L3-N, N-PE
TRMS voltages L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L1
Currents TRMS currents L1, L2, L3, Neutral
Active Power & Energy Active power and energy L1, L2, L3, Total
Reactive Power & Energy
Reactive (inductive or capacitive) power and energy
L1, L2, L3, Total
Apparent Power & Energy Apparent power and energy L1, L2, L3, Total
Power Factor Power factor L1, L2, L3 Total
CosPhi
Power factor referred to fundamental of voltage and
current L1, L2, L3, Total
Table 2: Selectable parameters for Three phase 4-wire system
Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save each selection and confirm by
“Ok”. The main screen of Fig. 62 is shown by meter at the end of the operation.
Press ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving and back to previous screens.
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VEGA78
5.4.6.2. Harmonics: sub-levels description
Press F1 key (alternatively touch CLP/EXP at display) to expand or compress the
harmonics sub-levels. The parameters inside sub-levels are strictly depending on type of
selected system (see § 5.3.1). Below there are some pictures of different possible
situations:
Fig. 69: Harmonics sub-levels: initial parameters selection
Inside Harmonics level there is another sub-level where an accurate selection of harmonic
parameters is possible. Move the cursor on “Odd” or “Even” using arrows key and press
F1 key (or touch CLP/EXP at display). The result, referred to Odd harmonics is below
shown:
Fig. 70: Harmonics sub-levels: odd harmonics selection
Press F3 key (alternatively touch SEL at display) to select/unselect the desired
parameters. The number of selected and recording autonomy are automatically updated
from meter (see § 10.2):
Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save each selection and confirm by
“Ok”. The main screen of Fig. 62 is shown by meter at the end of the operation.
Press ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving and back to previous screens.
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VEGA78
The selection parameters of harmonic analysis require the preliminary selection of
voltages or currents inside General Parameter sub-level. The below error screen are
shown in these cases:
Fig. 71: No selected currents error screen
To solve the error (see Fig. 71) situation of above screen select the “Current” inside
“General Parameter” sub-level (see § 5.4.6.1).
Fig. 72: No selected voltages error screen
To solve the error (see Fig. 72 situation of above screen select the “Voltages” inside
“General Parameter” sub-level (see § 5.4.6.1).
5.4.7. Voltage Anomalies
This option permits to set the control parameters relative to voltage anomalies (sags,
swell, supply breaks – see § 10.1) recording which is completely independent from
periodic analysis (regulated by integration period). The below screen is shown by meter:
Fig. 73: Voltage Anomalies selection screen
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VEGA78
Press F4 key (alternatively touch MODIFYat display) for setting the below voltage
anomalies parameters:
Reference nominal voltage Vref depending on the type of considered system. In
particular Vref = VP-N (Single phase and three phase 4-wire systems), Vref = VP-P
(three phase 3-wire and ARON systems)
The higher threshold percentage of reference nominal voltage, selectable from 1% to
30% for voltage swell detection.
The lower threshold percentage of reference nominal voltage, selectable from 1% to
30% for voltage sags or breaks detection.
Fig. 74: Voltage Anomalies screen - setting control parameters
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “ Voltage Anom.” , marked it with
blue background.
2. Use up or down arrow keys or press F3 or F4 keys (alternatively touch the MOD(+) or
MOD(-) s at display) to setting the correspondent value. Pressing and holding of these
keys permits a rapid values setting, while the single pressure increase or decrease on
only unit the value. Use left or right arrow keys to move on various fields.
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to save each performed setting.
CAUTION
The nominal reference value should be set depending on the type of
considered system on test and the measured voltage. A message “Wrong
Vref voltage anomalies” at the recording start is shown by meter which do
not permits the recording operation due to this wrong configuration (e.g.: 4wire system and Vref = 400V). Set the correct value in this case.
5.4.8. Unbalance
The selection of this option include on selected parameters list for recording the value of
NEG% and ZERO% s which are index of unbalance of input voltage signal respective to
negative tern and zero term (see § 10.3). “Unbalance” is not shown for single phase
systems.
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5.4.9. Predefined configurations
In order to make the recording start easier the meter includes 5 selectable predefined
configurations which describe typical situation in electrical installations, besides a “Default”
configuration which defines the initial settings from the factory. The meter also permits to
define up to 14 free configuration which can be customized, saved and recalled by user
at any time. The selection of one of these configurations automatically sets only the
necessary parameters for recording operation under that circumstance. The predefined
configurations are:
1. DEFAULT: Setting parameters of default configuration from the exit of meter by
factory.
2. VOLTAGE ANOMALIES: Setting parameters for voltage anomalies recording only
(sags, swells, breaks – see § 10.1).
3. HARMONICS: Setting parameters for voltages and currents harmonic analysis (see §
10.2).
4. POWER & ENERGY: Setting parameters for power and energy measures (see § 10.4).
Pressing F2 key (or touch PREDEF. at display) in any “Recording Settings” screen. The
meter show the below screen:
Fig. 75: Typical configuration screen
Select the desired typical configuration using up or down arrow keys or touch display.
Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon
) to save the desired selection. The
warning message ”Change recording setting?” is shown by meter. Press “Ok” to confirm.
The meter automatically sets the parameters and updated the recording autonomy at
display.
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VEGA78
To add a predefined customized configuration press the F1 key (or the ADD at display).
The warning message “Add actual configuration” is shown by meter. Press “Ok” to
confirm and activate automatically the virtual keyboard (see § 5.4.2.1) where it’s possible
to define and save the configuration name by user. At the end of these operations the
following screen is shown by meter:
Fig. 76: Typical customized configuration screen
In the example of Fig. 76 the typical customized configuration called “GENERIC PLANT”
was defined and can be loaded by pressing the SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon
). This configuration cab be removed in any time by pressing F2 key (or the REM at display).
The warning message “Delete selected configuration?” is shown by meter. Press “Ok” to
complete the operation. Please note that the 5 predefined configuration and the DEFAULT
configuration cannot be removable by user.
Press ESC (or the smart icon ) to quit without saving any modify. Below the selected
parameters for each of predefined configuration are shown:
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VEGA78
VOLTAGE ANOMALIES
GENERAL MENU PARAMETER SETTINGS SYSTEM
System
Freq[Hz]
Analyzer Settings
Analyzer Settings - Advanced
Recording Settings
Clamp Type
FS Clamp[A]
VT Ratio
Zoom Graphics
Harm. Type
Harm. Values
Zoom 1st Harm.
Average Values
Comments VOLTAGE ANOMALIES
Start Not modified
Stop Not modified
Integration period 1min
Cogeneration OFF
General Parameters
Voltage harmonics OFF
Current harmonics OFF
Voltage anomalies ON
Ref. Voltage anomalies
Up threshold anomalies +6%
Low threshold anomalies -10%
Unbalance
Not modified Each system
V1N, VN-PE, Hz Single phase
V12, V23, V31, Hz 3-wire, ARON
V1N, V2N, V3N, VN-PE,
Average (if activated), Hz
230V Single, 4-wire
400V 3-wire, ARON
Not available Single phase
ON 3/4-wire, ARON
Each system
4-wire
Each system
Each system
Table 3: Selected parameters of VOLTAGE ANOMALIES configuration
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VEGA78
HARMONICS
GENERAL MENU PARAMETER SETTINGS SYSTEM
System
Freq[Hz]
Analyzer Settings
Analyzer Settings - Advanced
Recording Settings
Clamp Type
FS Clamp[A]
VT Ratio
Zoom Graphics
Harm. Type
Harm. Values
Zoom 1st Harm.
Average Values
Comments HARMONICS
Start Not modified
Stop Not modified
Integration period 10min
Cogeneration OFF
General Parameters
Voltage harmonics THD, DC, h1, h2, h3…h25
Current harmonics THD, DC, h1, h2, h3…h25
Voltage anomalies OFF
Ref. Voltage anomalies
Up threshold anomalies OFF
Low threshold anomalies OFF
Unbalance
Not modified Each system
V1N, VN-PE, I1, Hz Single phase
V1-PE, V2-PE,
V3-PE, V12, V23, V31
I1, I2, I3, Hz
V12, V23, V31
I1, I2, I3, Hz
V1N, V2N, V3N, VN-PE,
I1, I2, I3, IN, Hz
OFF Single, 4-wire
OFF 3-wire, ARON
Not available Single phase
OFF 3/4-wire, ARON
Each system
3-wire
ARON
4-wire
Each system
Each system
Table 4: Selected parameters of HARMONICS configuration
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VEGA78
POWER & ENERGY
GENERAL MENU PARAMETER SETTINGS SYSTEM
System
Freq[Hz]
Analyzer Settings
Analyzer Settings
Advanced
Recording
Settings
Clamp Type
FS Clamp[A]
VT Ratio
Zoom Graphics
Harm. Type
Harm. Values
Zoom 1st Harm.
Average Values
Comments POWER & ENERGY
Start Not modified
Stop Not modified
Integration period 15min
Cogeneration ON
V12, V23, V31, I1, I2, I3, Hz
V12, V23, V31, I1, I2, I3, Hz ARON
V1N, V2N, V3N, V12, V23, V31,I1, I2, I3,
P1, Q1i, Q1c, S1, Pf1, Cosphi1, Ea1,
General Parameters
Voltage harmonics OFF
Current harmonics OFF
Voltage anomalies OFF
Ref. Voltage anomalies
Up threshold anomalies OFF
Low threshold anomalies OFF
Unbalance
Pt, P1, P2, P3, Qti, Qti1, Qti2, Qti3, Qtc,
Qtc1, Qtc2, Qtc3, St, S1, S2, S3, Pft,
Pf1, Pf2, Pf3, Cosphit, Cosphi1,
Cosphi2, Cosphi3, Eat,Eat1, Eat2, Eat3,
Erit, Eri1, Eri2, Eri3, Erct, Erc1, Erc2,
Pt, P12, P32, Qti, Q12i, Q32i, Qtc, Q12c,
Q32c, St, S12, S32, Pft, Pf12, Pf32,
Cospht, Cosphi12, Cosphi32, Eat, Ea12,
Ea32, Erit, Eri12, Eri32, Erct, Erc12,
Not modified Each system
V1N, I1 Single phase
V1-PE, V2-PE, V3-PE,
IN, Hz
Eri1, Erc1
Erc3
Erc32
OFF Single, 4-wire
OFF 3-wire, ARON
Not available Single phase
OFF 3/4-wire, ARON
Each system
3-wire
4-wire
Single phase
3-wire, 4-wire
ARON
Each system
Each system
Table 5: Selected parameters of POWER & ENERGY configuration
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VEGA78
DEFAULT CONFIGURATION
GENERAL MENU PARAMETER SETTINGS
System 4-wire
Freq[Hz] 50
Analyzer Settings
Analyzer Settings
Advanced
Recording Settings
Down threshold anomalies -10%
Clamp Type FLEX
FS Clamp[A] 3000
VT Ratio 1
Zoom Graphics AUTO
Harm. Type ALL
Harm. Values ABSOLUTES
Zoom 1st Harm. YES
Average Values NO
Comments DEFAULT
Start Manu
Stop Manu
Integration period 15min
Cogeneration OFF
V1N,V2N,V3N,VN-PE,V12,V23,V31,
I1, I2, I3, IN, Hz
Pt, P1,P2,P3, Qti, Qi1, Qi2, Qi3, Qtc, Qc1,
General Parameters
Voltage harmonics THD, DC, h1, h2, h3…h11
Current harmonics THD, DC, h1, h2, h3…h11
Voltage anomalies ON
Ref. Voltage anomalies 230V
Up threshold anomalies +6%
Unbalance ON
Qc2, Qc3, St, S1, S2, S3, Pft, Pft1, Pft2, Pft3,
Cosphit, Cosphi1, Cosphi2, Cosphi3, Eat,
Ea1, Ea2, Ea3, Erit, Eri1, Eri2, Eri3, Erct,
Erc1, Erc2, Erc3
The DEFAULT configuration defines the selection of parameters on meter
from the factory, as shown in Table 6. Each new modification performed
and saved by the user on “Analyser Settings” section replaces this
configuration with new selection which can be different from the default
standard.
Table 6: Parameters of default configuration
CAUTION
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5.4.10. Start a recording
The meter is designed to start a recording in MANUAL or AUTOMATIC mode (see § 5.4.3)
by pressing of GO/STOP key. A recording operation can be started exclusively under the
following screens:
MENU GENERAL (with any selected icon).
Real Time Values (in any internal screen).
Fig. 77: Example of screens for recording starting
Before starting a recording press ESC key (or the smart icon ) until you get a picture as
shown in Fig. 77.This operation can be performed in the below ways:
MANUAL: Recording will start at the following minute after pressing GO/STOP key.
AUTO: After the (necessary) pressing of GO/STOP key the meter stands-by
until the set Date/Hour (see § 5.4.3) and then start automatically the
recording.
The waiting and recording run status are marked by meter with dedicated icons which are
present on the top right of display, as shown in below picture:
Fig. 78: Meter waiting for recording Fig. 79: Meter in recording run
Press again GO/STOP key to stop the recording run in any time. The icon shown in Fig. 79
disappear.
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CAUTION
For recordings ALWAYS use the external power supply even though the
instrument allows the operator to perform a recording using internal
batteries.
After starting a recording a preliminary real time evaluation about the situation on electrical
installation it’s important in order to perform a correct settings, using the predefined
configurations (see § 5.4.9) if necessary.
The below warning message can be shown by meter after pressing of GO/STOP key:
Warning
Too many selected parameters
Fig. 80: Warning message of too many selected parameters
In this case of too many parameters were selected it is necessary to disable them inside
“Recordings Settings” section in order to start a correct recording.
After pressing GO/STOP key a possible warning message window is shown by meter.
Inside this window message the internal item can be different as for type and number. This
warning message, which does not block the recording start, is important for user to correct
possible errors performed during meter’s setting:
Warning
Missed external adapter
Wrong phase sequence
Negative active powers
Wrong Vref voltage anomalies
Ok
Cancel
Fig. 81: Warning message errors screen
Below the meaning of the above s of warning windows screen:
Type of error Description
Missed external adapter
Connect the external adapter to meter before start
recording
The value of “SEQ” parameter in Real Time Values
Wrong phase sequence
section (see § 5.2.1) is different from the correct
“123”. Check the phase sequence value of V1, V2, V3
voltages
One or more values of P1, P2, P3 Active Powers is
negative (see § 5.2.1). Reversing if necessary the
Negative active powers
transducer clamps of 180 degrees on phase cables in
order to obtain always positive values (except
cogeneration cases)
The nominal reference voltage value for voltage
Wrong Vref voltage anomalies
anomalies is not compliance to the type of selected
system (see § 5.4.7)
Table 7: Description of errors before start a recording
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Depending on the type and number of errors, the necessary modifications of setting
parameters should be performed. Press GO/STOP key again to start recording and verify
the possible residual error on window message.
Confirm with ENTER or press “Ok” or “Cancel” keys to close the warning window message
and start the recording by pressing GO/STOP key anyway.
As the default value of the integration periods is set at 15min (see § 10.5.1) the meter will
store data in the temporary memory for this time. Afterwards the meter will process the
results saved in the temporary memory and will save the first series of values in the
definitive memory. Therefore, if an integration period of 15 minutes has been set, the
recording will continue for about 15 minutes before producing a series of recorded values
CAUTION
Let the meter record for at least one integration period in order to save a
valid value. If the recording is interrupted before the selected integration
period has completely elapsed the data stored in the temporary memory will
not be processed and the corresponding series of values won’t be
transferred to the definitive memory.
5.4.10.1. Automatic start of recording
To start a recording under automatic mode a preliminary definition of a correct starting
Date/Hour, compatible with system date, is needed inside “Recorder Settings” section (see
§ 5.4). The below screen is shown:
Fig. 82: Correct Date/Hour Fig. 83: Wrong Date/Hour
1. Move the cursor using arrows keys on field relative to “Start” (and or the “Stop” ),
marked them with blue background.
2. Press F4 key (alternatively touch the MODIFY at display). In the bottom of display a
command bar with “Manu” is shown. Press F3 key (MOD(+)) or F4(MOD(-)) and select
“Auto” .Use left or right arrows keys to move on date and hour fields. Using the up
arrow key or F3 (MOD(+)) key to increase the value and the down arrow key or F4
(MOD(-)) key to decrease the value. Set a correct Date/Hour as shown in Fig. 82.
3. Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or smart icon
) to saving the settings. The screen of
Fig. 83 is shown if a wrong Date/Hour is set. Under this condition the SAVE key does
not have any effect. Repeat the steps 2 and 3 and set corrects values before pressing
SAVE key again.
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5.4.11. During a recording
After a recording is running, a real time check of parameters’s values and internal status is
shown by meter.
Fig. 84: Recording Results screen - Recording running
1. Select “Recording Results” in GENERAL MENU.
2. Pressing ENTER or touch the correspondent icon at display. The screen is shown:
Fig. 85: Info recording running screen
3. The below information are included in the above screen:
Recording autonomy, in Days/Hours, of meter with the currents selections per formed.
Comments included in the relative section (see § 5.4.2).
Type of recording start.
Type of recording stop.
Real time information about integration period performed by meter.
Enable of cogeneration.
Number of recorded voltage anomalies.
Type of selected system.
Type of used clamp.
Full scale of used clamp.
Ratio of eventual external VT used.
4. Pressing ESC key (or the smart icon ) to quit from the above screen.
Each recording running is stopped and results are automatically saved by meter by
pressing of GO/STOP key or as soon as the date/hour of automatic stop is reached.
The only “Real Time Values” section is available during a recording
CAUTION
running. The message “Menu not available in recording” is shown by
meter if any section is selected. Stop recording pressing GO/STOP key
before select any section.
ON/OFF key is disabled during a recording running. The message “
Recording running. Not available function” is shown by meter. Stop
recording pressing GO/STOP key before pressing this key.
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5.5. SAVED DATA MANAGEMENT SECTION
Fig. 86: GENERAL MENU - Saved Data Management
The “Saved Data Management” section allows the user to check the content of the internal
memory after recording, to delete previous recordings and possibly to copy a recording
(one at a time) on an external USB Pen Driver connected to the instrument. By pressing
the ENTER key or selecting the icon on the display, the instrument shows the following
screen:
Fig. 87: Saved data
The instrument performs the following types of recordings:
Reg type: Recordings performed and saved automatically, both in manual and
automatic mode, of each analysis (Periodics, Harmonics, Voltage Anomalies, etc…) by
pressing the GO/STOP key.
Istant type: Instant samplings of the values displayed (numerical, waveforms,
harmonics, etc…) performed by pressing the SAVE key.
Each line of the “Saved Data Management” screen includes, further to the type of data
saved in the memory, also the information on the starting and stopping date of the event,
respectively “Time1” and “Time2” for Reg-type recordings, while date and time are
indicated for Istant instant sampling.
The following operations are possible only on the screen in Fig. 87:
1. Use the up and down arrow keys to highlight (blue background) one of the recordings
on the screen. Press the F1 key (or the INFO item on the display). The instrument
shows the screen containing the main information regarding the recording performed
as described in chapter 5.5.1.
2. Press the F3 key (or the CANC.ULT item on the display) to delete the last saved
recording. The instrument shows the message “Delete last recording?”. Confirm the
operation with “Ok” or “Cancel” to go back to the screen.
3. Press the F4 key (or the CANC.TOT item on the display) to delete all recordings in
the memory. The instrument shows the message “Delete all recordings?”. Confirm the
operation with “Ok” or “Cancel” to go back to the previous screen.
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5.5.1. Recording analysis (Reg type)
This page shows the analyses which can be performed on the saved data (Reg type).
Fig. 88: Recording analysis (Reg-type data)
1. Use the up and down arrow keys to highlight on blue background one of the analyses
on the screen. Press the F1 or ENTER key (or the OPEN item or the smart icon on
the display) to confirm the type of analysis to be performed.
2. Press the ESC key (or the smart icon ) to exit the function and go back to the “Saved
data” page (Fig. 87).
5.5.1.1. Recording information
This page contains general information about the recording (Reg) file previously selected
in the Saved Data Management MENU.
Fig. 89: Recording info
1. In these conditions, the F1 key (or the MODIFY key on the display) is active and it is
possible to modify and save the comment line by using the virtual keyboard (see §
5.4.2.1).
2. Press the ESC key (or the smart icon ) to exit the function and go back to the
“Recording analysis” page (Fig. 88).
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5.5.1.2. Recording graph
By selecting the recording graph option, the following page is accessed, which enables the
user to display the recording trend (ONLY ONE parameter at a time).
Fig. 90: Selecting a parameter
1. Press the F1 key (or the PARAM item on the display) to access the page containing
the recorded quantities available for the analysis (Fig. 91).
Fig. 91: Parameter selection
The following keys are active on this page:
The up and down arrow keys move the cursor along the quantity tree
The F1 key (or the CMP/EXP item on the dislay) compresses and expands the tree of
the quantity highlighted by the cursor
The F2 key (or the SEL item on the dislay) selects or deselects the parameter
highlighted by the cursor
The ENTER key (or the smart icon on the display) confirms the selection previously
made and displays the graph of the selected parameter (Fig. 92)
The CANC key deselects the parameter previously selected, independently from the
position of the cursor
The ESC key (or smart icon ) to exit the function and go back to the “Selecting a
parameter” page (Fig. 90).
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This page shows the graph, the cursor position (cursor T) and the maximum, minimum and
average RMS values of the parameter selected by the cursor.
Fig. 92: Recording graph
The following keys are active on this page:
F1 key (or PARAM item on the display) to access the page of the selectable
parameters (Fig. 91)
F4 key (or OPTIONS item on the display) to access the page for the activation of the
“Advanced graph” (Fig. 93)
The ESC key (or smart icon ) to exit the function and go back to the “Recording
analysis” page (Fig. 88).
2. Press the F4 key (or the OPTIONS item on the display) to access the page for the
activation of the Advanced graph (Fig. 93).
Fig. 93: Options (Advanced graph)
The following keys are active on this page:
The F3 and F4 keys (or the MOD(+) and MOD(-) items on the display) enable the user
to choose YES or NO for the advanced graph.
The ENTER key (or the smart icon on the display) confirms the selection previously
made.
The ESC key (or smart icon ) to exit the function and go back to the “Selecting a
parameter” page (Fig. 90).
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Example of advanced graph.
Let us take a recording of 2000 pixels into consideration. The PQA has a display with a
useful resolution of about 200 pixels; therefore, it is not able to distinctly display all the
pixels in our recording. How does it operate then? The first pixel in the graphs of the
curves “Max value”, “Average value” and “Min value” will be the analysis of the 10 first
corresponding pixels of the recording, i.e.:
- For the Max value graph, the highest value of the 10 recorded values for the
corresponding channel will be displayed.
- For the Min value graph, the lowest value of the 10 recorded values for the
corresponding channel will be displayed.
- For the Average value graph, the first value of the 10 recorded values for the
corresponding channel will be displayed.
Similarly, the second pixel will be the analysis of the following 10 pixels, and so on until the
whole graph is generated.
3. Press the ESC key (or the smart icon ) to exit the function and go back to the
“Selecting a parameter” page (Fig. 90).
5.5.1.3. Dips ans swells
This page shows a table containing all voltage anomalies occurred during recording.
Fig. 94: Dips ans swells
Column description:
N.: Progressive number of the anomaly.
L.: Phase in which the anomaly occurred.
Date/Time: Date/time at which the anomaly occurred.
Max/Min: Maximum/minimum value of the anomaly.
Duration: Duration of the anomaly.
Type: Type of anomaly (voltage reduction or overvoltage).
The following keys are active on this page:
The up and down arrow keys move the cursor along the voltage anomalies.
The up and down arrow keys move the column display to the right or to the left.
The F1 key (or the PAG item on the display) advances to the following page of voltage
anomalies (to be selected with the F3 or F4 key or through the items MOD (+) or MOD
(-) on the display).
The F2 key (or the PARAM item on the display) accesses the page showing the
settings for voltage anomalies (Fig. 95).
The ESC key (or smart icon ) to exit the function and go back to the “Recording
analysis” page (Fig. 88).
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This page shows the parameters set before recording voltage anomalies:
Fig. 95: Voltage Anomalies
The following non-modifiable parameters are indicated (as they have been set upon
starting the recording).
Nominal Voltage: Nominal voltage.
High Voltage: Limit high voltage.
Low Voltage: Limit low voltage.
TV: Transformation ratio of the voltage transformers.
This page also shows the total number of voltage anomalies occurred (Number of
Anomalies).
The following keys are active on this page:
The up and down arrow keys move the cursor alternatively on Type or Phase.
The F3 and F4 keys (or the MOD(+) and MOD(-) items on the display) enable the user
to filter the anomalies to be selected. It is possible to select All, Up, Down, Int (if the
cursor highlights Type) and All, Phase1, Phase2, Phase3 (if the cursor highlights
Phase).
The ENTER key (or the smart icon on the display) confirms the selection previously
made and displays the table of voltage anomalies.
The ESC key (or the smart icon ) to exit the functions and go back to the “Anomalies”
page (Fig. 94).
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5.5.1.4. Analysis of consumed energy
This page shows the Energy and Peak power values consumed while recording
Fig. 96: Screen of total consumed energy
Description of the displayed values:
Eact: Total active power consumed while Recording.
Ppeak: Max. active power peak (measured on 16 periods of mains frequency)
consumed while recording
Date Ppeak: Date and time in which the power peak occurred
Start rec.: Starting date of the recording
Stop rec.: Stopping date of the recording
Rec. Time Recording time expressed in days (d), hours (h) and minutes (m)
Int. Per: Set integration period value
CAUTION
The Total Consumed Energy page is shown only if general parameter Total
“Active Power & Energy” has been recorded (see § 5.4.6.1).
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5.5.1.5. Analysis of producted energy
This page shows the Energy and Peak power values producted while recording
Fig. 97: Screen of total producted energy
Description of the displayed values:
Eact: Total active power produced while Recording.
Ppeak: Max. active power peak (measured on 16 periods of mains frequency)
produced while recording
Date Ppeak: Date and time in which the power peak occurred
Start rec.: Starting date of the recording
Stop rec.: Stopping date of the recording
Rec. Time Recording time expressed in days (d), hours (h) and minutes (m)
Int. Per.: Set integration period value
CAUTION
The Total Produced Energy page is shown only if general parameter Total
“Active Power & Energy” has been recorded (see § 5.4.6.1) and if the
recording parameter “Co-generation” has been enabled (see § ).
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5.5.2. Recording analysis (Istant type)
This page shows the analyses which can be performed on the saved data (Istant type).
Fig. 98: Recording analysis (Istant-type data)
1. Use the up and down arrow keys to highlight on blue background one of the analyses
on the screen. Press the F1 or ENTER key (or the OPEN item or the smart icon on
the display) to confirm the type of analysis to be performed.
2. Press the ESC key (or the smart icon on the display) to exit the function and go back to
the “Saved data” page (Fig. 87).
5.5.2.1. Recording information
This page contains general information about the saved (Istant) file previously selected in
the Saved Data Management MENU.
Fig. 99: Recording info
1. In these conditions, the F1 key (or the MODIFY key on the display) is active and it is
possible to modify and save the comment line by using the virtual keyboard (see §
5.4.2.1).
2. Press the ESC key (or the smart icon on the display) to exit the function and go back to
the “Recording analysis” page (Fig. 98).
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5.5.2.2. Graph
This screen (Fig. 100) contemporarily shows the saved instant values of the waveforms of
voltages V1, V2, V3, Vn scaled according to the Full scale (Fs) and the relevant RMS
values; these values have been saved by the instrument upon pressing the SAVE key.
As an example, below are shown the screens relative to a three phase 4-wire system. Similar
consideration can be applied to any other selected system
Fig. 100: Voltage scope in three-phase 4-wire system
The following keys are active on this page:
The up (ZOOM+) or down (ZOOM-) arrow keys zoom in or out the displayed
waveforms.
The F1 key (or the PAG item on the display) advances to the following page of saved
current values.
The ESC key (or the smart icon on the display) to exit the function and go back to the
“Recording analysis” page (Fig. 98).
5.5.2.3. Harmonics analysis
This screen (Fig. 101) displays the harmonic values and the THD% value of voltages V1, V2,
V3, Vn and of currents I1, I2, I3 and of Neutral current In in a graph (scaled according to the Full
scale Fs) or in a table. The values displayed are percentage values of the fundamental or
absolute values according to the configuration set in the ANALYZER CONFIGURATION
MENU -> ADVANCED. As an example, below are shown the screens relative to a three phase
4-wire system. Similar consideration can be applied to any other selected system
Fig. 101: Total harmonics in three-phase 4-wire system
Should only the voltage signals or only the current signals be connected to the instrument’s
inputs, all displayed harmonics will be shown in the upper half plane of the graph.
If both voltage and current signals are connected to the instrument’s inputs, the histogram bars
representing the harmonics will be shown respectively:
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In the upper half plane of the graph if the harmonics are introduced into the relevant
electrical system from the mains.
In the lower half plane of the graph if the harmonics are injected into the relevant electrical
system from the mains.
The following keys are active on this page:
The up (ZOOM+) or down (ZOOM-) arrow keys zoom in or out the histogram.
The right and left arrow keys move the cursor to the right or to the left along the
harmonics.
The F1 key (or the PAG item on the display) advances to the following page of saved
values, relative to phase 1 harmonics.
The F2 key (or the ARM V or ARM I item on the dislay) switches between total voltage
and current harmonics.
The F4 key (or the ARM PAG item on the display) displays the following harmonics
group. 0..4, 10..16, 22..28, 34..39..40..46..52..58..64
The ESC key (or the smart icon on the display) to exit the function and go back to the
“Recording analysis” page (Fig. 98)
5.5.2.4. Vectors
As an example, below are shown the screens relative to a three phase 4-wire system. Similar
consideration can be applied to any other selected system.Thi s screen (Fig. 102) displays,
with graphic and numeric indications, the phase delays expressed in degrees [°] between:
Voltage V1 and V2, V2 and V3, V3 and V1.
Voltage V1 and current I1
Voltage V2 and current I2
Voltage V3 and current I3
The latter allow finding out the inductive or capacitive nature of the electrical installation. In
detail:
Positive angle: Inductive load.
Negative angle: Capacitive load.
The N-PE voltage and Neutral current vectors are also represented.
Fig. 102: Total vector diagram in three-phase 4-wire system
The following keys are active on this page:
The F1 key (or the PAG item on the display) advances to the following page of saved
values relative to the voltage vector diagram.
The ESC key (or the smart icon on the display) to exit the function and go back to the
“Recording analysis” page (Fig. 98).
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5.5.2.5. Measures
As an example, below are shown the screens relative to a three phase 4-wire system. Similar
consideration can be applied to any other selected system. In m e a s u r e m od e , t h e in s t r u m e n t
displays the saved values in TRMS as shown in the following figures:
In this page, the following symbols are used:
V1N Neutral - Phase L1 Voltage
V2N Neutral - Phase L2 Voltage
V3N Neutral - Phase L3 Voltage
VNPE Neutral - Ground Voltage
V12 Phase L1 - Phase L2 Voltage
V23 Phase L2 - Phase L3 Voltage
V31 Phase L3 - Phase L1 Voltage
Inv% % value of the Negative sequence unbalance
Omo% % value of the Zero sequence unbalance
SEQ Phase sequence:
”123” => Correct
”132” => Not correct
”023” => No Voltage on B1
”103” => No Voltage on B2
”120” => No Voltage on B3
”100” => No Voltage on B2 and B3
”020” => No Voltage on B1 and B3
”003” => No Voltage on B1 and B2
Hz Frequency
I1 Current on Phase L1
I2 Current on Phase L2
I3 Current on Phase L3
IN Neutral Current
Fig. 103: Page 1/5 of numeric values for three-phase 4-wire system
The following keys are active on this page:
The F1 key (or the PAG item on the display) advances to the following page of saved
values.
The ESC key (or the smart icon on the display) to exit the function and go back to the
“Recording analysis” page (Fig. 98).
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5.5.3. Transfer recordings to a external Pen Driver USB
The meter permits to transfer of one or more saved recordings which are shown in Fig. 87
to a external Pen Driver USB directly connected to it (see Fig. 3). The below picture is
shown by meter:
Fig. 104: Recording results screen with Pen Driver USB connected
Press F2 key (or the COPY now active at display). The below virtual keyboard screen,
where the user can define the file name to save inside Pen Driver USB, is shown by meter:
Fig. 105: Definition of file name which is saved on Pen Driver USB
Press SAVE or ENTER keys (or the smart icon ) to confirm the file name or press ESC key
(or the smart icon
) to exit without saving. In case of file just exist inside Pen Driver USB, the
below warning message is shown by meter:
Warning
File name already existing. Overwrite?
Ok
Cancel
Fig. 106: Confirm to overwrite file
Press “Ok” to overwrite the file name or “Cancel” to exit without modify. Press ESC key (or
the smart icon ) to back to GENERAL MENU screen.
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5.5.4. Saving recordings to external Compact Flash
The instrument permits to save the recordings also on external standard compact flash
which are fitted on suitable input (see Fig. 3) after activating “EXTERNAL” option on
Memory type (see § 5.1.7). The following is shown by meter:
Fig. 107: Example of use of external memory - compact flash not fitted
In the example of Fig. 107 a “POWER & ENERGY predefined configuration with an
autonomy of 202d 16h in condition of compact flash not fitted was been considered. Insert
compact flash on meter, exit from the above screen by pressing ESC key (or the smart
icon ) and open again the same screen, the below screen is shown by meter:
Fig. 108: Example of use of external memory - compact flash fitted
The correspondent icon is shown by meter in the top of display after fitted the Compact
Flash on meter and the value of autonomy is automatically updated at display (546d 23h in
the example of Fig. 108).
CAUTION
The passage from internal memory (about 15Mbytes) to external memory
with compact flash option permits to save a recording with size up to
32Mbytes independently on dimension in Mbytes size of compact flash.
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5.6. METER INFORMATION
Inside this section the general internal parameters of meter are available as information
from the user for example during any contact with Service people of HT ITALIA.
Fig. 109: Menu General screen – Meter information section
Press ENTER key or touch the correspondent icon at display. The below screen is shown
by meter:
Fig. 110: Meter information screen
The following meaning of the items inside the above screen:
Item Description
Manufacturer Name of manufacturer
Model Name of model
Sn Serial number of meter
Hw Internal Hardware version of meter
Fw Internal Firmware version of meter
Calibration Date of last calibration performed
Selection of type of memory Internal or external memory
Battery charge level Percentage of charge level of battery
Press ESC key (or smart icon ) to back to GENERAL MENU screen.
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6. CONNECTION OF METER TO PC (WITH WIN XP)
1. Install the TopView standard software on your PC.
2. Verify the presence of ActiveSync icon with grey background (not active) on the right
bottom part of PC screen as shown in below picture:
Fig. 111: ActiveSync icon not active
3. Connect the meter to PC using the standard C2007 cable (USB “A” USB “B”) as
shown in below screen:
Fig. 112: Connection of meter to PC
4. Verify the presence of ActiveSync icon with green background (active) on the right
bottom part of PC screen as shown in below picture. Only in this order the connection
of meter to PC is correct
Fig. 113: ActiveSync icon active
5. Run TopView software and click on “Instrument <-> PC connection” key. Press the
“Select new instrument” key in software screen in order to acknowledge the name of
connected meter, which is shown in the bottom status bar. Select “VEGA78” model
from the available list of meters only for the first connection.
6. Select the “Download data” command and pressing “Next” key in order to open the
“Download” windows on software which the all saved data by meter are shown. Select
one or more desired recordings and click on “Download” key.
7. Downloading procedure is start and the total recording analysis window is shown by
software at the and of this operation.
For any detail about use please refer to TopView HELP ON LINE feature.
During a recording running is not possible to perform the download of data
CAUTION
to PC. Press GO/STOP key on meter to stop recording before download
operation.
Let the meter always in GENERAL MENU screen to perform the dual
communication between meter and PC.
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7. MEASURING PROCEDURES
7.1. USING OF METER IN A SINGLE PHASE SYSTEM – ENG TYPE
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
CAUTION
Fig. 114: Meter connection in a Single phase system – ENG type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment to be
tested turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set SINGLE
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phase, Neutral and Ground cables considering the colours
as sh o w n in Fig. 114).
3. Connect the transducer current clamp on L1 Phase cable as shown in Fig. 114) respecting
the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from generator to
load. On Real Time Values’ section screens always verify the positive value of
Active Power and the power factor relative to load which should be normally
inductive before starting a recording. Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in
case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case this was temporarily put out of
service for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display
in Real Time Values section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if an instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be
saved (see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stop the values at display if necessary.
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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7.2. USING OF METER IN A SINGLE PHASE SYSTEM – ENG_UK TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 115: Meter connection in a Single phase system – ENG_UK type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment to be
tested turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set SINGLE
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phase, Neutral and Ground cables considering the colours
as sh o w n in Fig. 115).
3. Connect the transducer current clamp on L1 Phase cable as shown in Fig. 115) respecting
the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from generator to
load. On Real Time Values’ section screens always verify the positive value of
Active Power and the power factor relative to load which should be normally
inductive before starting a recording. Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in
case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case this was temporarily put out of
service for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display
in Real Time Values section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if an instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be
saved (see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stop the values at display if necessary.
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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7.3. USING OF METER IN A 3-PHASE 4 WIRE SYSTEM – ENG TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 116: Meter connection in a three phase 4-wire system – ENG type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 4WIRE
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, L3, Neutral and Ground cables considering
the colours as shown in Fig. 116. Verify the result “123” at display relative to a correct
phase sequence indication (see § 5.2.1) and perform the corrections if necessary.
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, L3 and Neutral N cables as
shown in Fig. 116 respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard
sequence from generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens always verify
the positive value of Active Power and the power factor relative to each load which
should be normally inductive before starting a recording. Reverse the clamp by 180
degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stop the values at display if necessary.
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10).
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7.4. USING OF METER IN A 3-PHASE 4 WIRE SYSTEM – ENG_UK TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 117: Meter connection in a three phase 4-wire system – ENG_UK type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 4WIRE
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, L3, Neutral and Ground cables considering
the colours as shown in Fig. 117. Verify the result “123” at display relative to a correct
phase sequence indication (see § 5.2.1) and perform the corrections if necessary.
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, L3 and Neutral N cables as
shown in respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence
from generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens always verify the
positive value of Active Power and the power factor relative to each load which
should be normally inductive before starting a recording. Reverse the clamp by 180
degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stop the values at display if necessary.
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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7.5. USING OF METER IN A THREE PHASE 3 WIRE SYSTEM – ENG TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 118: Meter connection in a three phase 3-wire system
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 3WIRE
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, L3, and Ground cables respecting the
colours as shown in Fig. 118. Verify the result “123” at display relative to a correct
phase sequence indication (see § 5.2.1) and perform the corrections if necessary.
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, L3 cables as shown in Fig. 11 8
respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from
generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens always verify the positive
value of Active Power and the power factor relative to load which should be
normally inductive before starting a recording. Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on
cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary.
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10).
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VEGA78
7.6. USING OF METER IN A THREE PHASE 3 WIRE SYSTEM – ENG_UK TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 119: Meter connection in a three phase 3-wire system – ENG_UK type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 3WIRE
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, L3, and Ground cables respecting the
colours as shown in Fig. 119. Verify the result “123” at display relative to a correct
phase sequence indication (see § 5.2.1) and perform the corrections if necessary.
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, L3 cables as shown in Fig. 11 9
respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from
generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens always verify the positive
value of Active Power and the power factor relative to load which should be
normally inductive before starting a recording. Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on
cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary.
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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EN - 77
VEGA78
7.7. USING OF METER IN A THREE PHASE 3 WIRE ARON SYSTEM – ENG TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 120: Meter connection in a three phase 3-wire ARON system – ENG type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set ARON
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, L3, and Ground cables considering the
colours as shown in Fig. 120. Verify the result “123” at display relative to a correct
phase sequence indication (see § 5.2.1) and perform the corrections if necessary.
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, L3 cables as shown in Fig. 12 0
respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from
generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens (selecting a 3 wire system
preliminarily) always verify the positive value of Active Power and the power factor
relative to load which should be normally inductive before starting a recording.
Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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EN - 78
VEGA78
7.8. USING OF METER IN A 3-PHASE 3 WIRE ARON SYSTEM – ENG_UK TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 121: Meter connection in a 3-phase 3-wire ARON system – ENG_UK type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set ARON
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, L3, and Ground cables considering the
colours as shown in Fig. 121. Verify the result “123” at display relative to a correct
phase sequence indication (see § 5.2.1) and perform the corrections if necessary.
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, L3 cables as shown in Fig. 12 1
respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from
generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens (selecting a 3 wire system
preliminarily) always verify the positive value of Active Power and the power factor
relative to load which should be normally inductive before starting a recording.
Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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EN - 79
VEGA78
7.9. USING OF METER IN A 3-PHASE 4-WIRE 3P HL (USA SYSTEM) – ENG TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 122: Meter connection in a three phase 4-wire 3P HL system – ENG type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 3P HL
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, L3, N and PE cables considering the colours
as shown in Fig. 122. Verify the result “123” at display relative to a correct phase
sequence indication (see § 5.2.1) and perform the corrections if necessary.
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, L3 and N cables as shown in
Fig. 122 respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence
from generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens (selecting a 3 wire
system preliminarily) always verify the positive value of Active Power and the power
factor relative to load which should be normally inductive before starting a recording.
Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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EN - 80
VEGA78
7.10. USING IN A 3-PHASE 4-WIRE 3PHL (USA SYSTEM) – ENG_UK TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 123: Meter connection in a three phase 4-wire 3P HL system – ENG_UK type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 3P HL
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, L3, N and PE cables considering the colours
as shown in Fig. 123. Verify the result “123” at display relative to a correct phase
sequence indication (see § 5.2.1) and perform the corrections if necessary.
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, L3 and N cables as shown in
Fig. 123 respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence
from generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens (selecting a 3 wire
system preliminarily) always verify the positive value of Active Power and the power
factor relative to load which should be normally inductive before starting a recording.
Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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EN - 81
VEGA78
7.11. USING OF METER IN A 3-PHASE 3-WIRE 3POD (USA SYSTEM) – ENG TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 124: Meter connection in a three phase 3-wire 3P OD system
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 3P OD
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, L3 and PE cables considering the colours
as shown in Fig. 124. Verify the result “123” at display relative to a correct phase
sequence indication (see § 5.2.1) and perform the corrections if necessary.
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, L3 cables as shown in Fig. 124
respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from
generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens (selecting a 3 wire system
preliminarily) always verify the positive value of Active Power and the power factor
relative to load which should be normally inductive before starting a recording.
Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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EN - 82
VEGA78
7.12. USING OF METER IN 3-PHASE 3-WIRE 3POD (USA SYSTEM) – ENG_UK TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 125: Meter connection in a three phase 3-wire 3P OD system – ENG_UK type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 3P OD
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, L3 and PE cables considering the colours
as shown in Fig. 125. Verify the result “123” at display relative to a correct phase
sequence indication (see § 5.2.1) and perform the corrections if necessary.
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, L3 cables as shown in Fig. 125
respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from
generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens (selecting a 3 wire system
preliminarily) always verify the positive value of Active Power and the power factor
relative to load which should be normally inductive before starting a recording.
Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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EN - 83
VEGA78
7.13. USING OF METER IN A 3 WIRE 3P 2E (USA SYSTEM) – ENG TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 126: Meter connection in a two phase 3-wire 3P 2E system – ENG type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 3P 2E
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, N and PE cables considering the colours as
show n in Fig. 126
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, N cables as shown in Fig . 12 6
respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from
generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens (selecting a 3 wire system
preliminarily) always verify the positive value of Active Power and the power factor
relative to load which should be normally inductive before starting a recording.
Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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EN - 84
VEGA78
7.14. USING OF METER IN A 3 WIRE 3P 2E (USA SYSTEM) – ENG_UK TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 127: Meter connection in a two phase 3-wire 3P 2E system – ENG_UK type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 3P 2E
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, N and PE cables considering the colours as
show n in Fig. 127
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, N cables as shown in Fig . 12 7
respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from
generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens (selecting a 3 wire system
preliminarily) always verify the positive value of Active Power and the power factor
relative to load which should be normally inductive before starting a recording.
Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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EN - 85
VEGA78
7.15. USING OF METER IN A 3 WIRE 3P OY (USA SYSTEM) – ENG TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 128: Meter connection in a two phase 3-wire 3P OY system – ENG type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 3P OY
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, N and PE cables considering the colours as
show n in Fig. 128
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, N cables as shown in Fig . 12 8
respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from
generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens (selecting a 3 wire system
preliminarily) always verify the positive value of Active Power and the power factor
relative to load which should be normally inductive before starting a recording.
Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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EN - 86
VEGA78
7.16. USING OF METER IN A 3 WIRE 3P OY (USA SYSTEM) – ENG_UK TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 129: Meter connection in a two phase 3-wire 3P OY system – ENG type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 3P OY
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, N and PE cables considering the colours as
show n in Fig. 129
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, N cables as shown in Fig . 12 9
respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from
generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens (selecting a 3 wire system
preliminarily) always verify the positive value of Active Power and the power factor
relative to load which should be normally inductive before starting a recording.
Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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EN - 87
VEGA78
7.17. USING OF METER IN A 3 WIRE 1PH3W (USA SYSTEM) – ENG TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 130: Meter connection in a two phase 3-wire 1PH3W system – ENG type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 1PH3W
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, N and PE cables considering the colours as
show n in Fig. 130
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, N cables as shown in Fig . 13 0
respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from
generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens (selecting a 3 wire system
preliminarily) always verify the positive value of Active Power and the power factor
relative to load which should be normally inductive before starting a recording.
Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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EN - 88
VEGA78
7.18. USING OF METER IN A 3 WIRE 1PH3W (USA SYSTEM) – ENG_UK TYPE
CAUTION
The maximum voltage among B1, B2, B3, B4 and BE inputs is 1000V / CAT
IV 600V to ground. Do n ot m ea su re v ol tages exceeding the limits prescribed
by this manual. Should you exceed the voltage limits you could damage the
instrument and/or its components or endanger your safety.
Fig. 131: Meter connection in a two phase 3-wire 1PH3W system – ENG_UK type
CAUTION
If possible, before connecting the meter to the electrical equipment under
test turn the power supply off.
1. Check and modify the basic settings of meter if necessary (see § 5.3.1). Set 1PH3W
system option.
2. Connect voltage test leads on Phases L1, L2, N and PE cables considering the colours as
show n in Fig. 131
3. Connect the transducer current clamps on Phase L1, L2, N cables as shown in Fig . 13 1
respecting the clamp’s arrow direction indicating the current standard sequence from
generator to load. On Real Time Values’ section screens (selecting a 3 wire system
preliminarily) always verify the positive value of Active Power and the power factor
relative to load which should be normally inductive before starting a recording.
Reverse the clamp by 180 degrees on cables in case of negative readings.
4. Supply the electrical installation under test in case it was temporarily put out of service
for meter connection. The values of parameters are shown by meter at display in Real
Time Values’ section (see § 5.2).
5. Press SAVE key if a instantaneous sample of display values (Instant) should be saved
(see § 5.5). Use HOLD function to stopping the values at display if necessary
6. Check all settings before start a recording (see § 5.4). Press GO/STOP key to enable
and disable a recording on meter (see § 5.4.10)
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EN - 89
VEGA78
8. MAINTENANCE
8.1. GENERAL
The VEGA78 is a precision meter. For their use and storage, follow the recommendations
and instructions of this manual in order to avoid possible damages or dangers. Never use
the instrument in environments with a high humidity or temperature. Do not expose the
meter to direct sunlight. Always turn off the instrument after use.
8.2. SITUATIONS RELATIVE TO INTERNAL BATTERY
Do not open the battery cover in case for replacing of internal battery. This
operation can be performed only by HT Technical Service.
The meter is powered by a rechargeable Li-ION battery with 3.7VDC output voltage which
can be charged by using supplied external adapter under any function mode. The batteryadapter packet defines several combinations which are shown through different icon in the
top right display as follows:
Icon at display Description
Too low battery level. Perform a battery charging
Residual battery charging at 25%
Residual battery charging at 50%
CAUTION
Residual battery charging at 75%
Battery fully charged
Only adapter connected. Battery disconnected
Battery and adapter connected. Recharging battery
Battery fully charged with adapter connected
Battery charge unknown. Connect adapter
Problem with battery. Contact HT Technical Service
Table 8: List of battery icons at display
8.3. CLEANING
Use a soft dry cloth to clean the meter. Do not use never wet clothes, solvents, water etc..
and take particular care at TFT display.
8.4. END OF LIFE
CAUTION: This symbol indicates that equipment and its accessories shall be
subject to a separate collection and correct disposal.
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EN - 90
VEGA78
9. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
9.1. TECHNICAL FEATURES
TRMS AC/DC Voltage Phase-Neutral / Phase-Ground – Single phase / Three phase systems
Range Accuracy Resolution Input impedance
0.0 600.0V (0.5%rdg+2dgt)
Max crest factor = 2
Voltage values < 2.0V are considered zero by meter
Meter is connectable with external VT with ratio selectable from 1 3000
TRMS AC/DC Voltage Phase-Phase – Three phase systems
Range Accuracy Resolution Input impedance
0.0 1000.0V (0.5%rdg+2dgt)
Max crest factor = 2
Voltage values < 2.0V are considered zero by meter
Meter is connectable with external VT with ratio selectable from 1 3000
Voltage Anomalies Phase-Neutral – Single phase / Three phase 4-wire systems
Range
Voltage
Accuracy
0.0 600.0V (1.0%rdg+2dgt) 10ms
Max crest factor = 2
Voltage values < 2.0V are considered zero by meter
Meter is connectable with external VT with ratio selectable from 1 3000
Selectable threshold from 1% to 30%
Time Accuracy
(50Hz)
Voltage Anomalies Phase-Phase – Three phase 3-wire systems
Range
Voltage
Accuracy
0.0 1000.0V (1.0%rdg+2dgt) 10ms
Max crest factor = 2
Voltage values < 2.0V are considered zero by meter
Meter is connectable with external VT with ratio selectable from 1 3000
Selectable threshold from 1% to 30%
Time Accuracy
(50Hz)
TRMS AC Current with Standard STD transducer clamp
Range Accuracy Resolution Input impedance Overload protection
0.01000.0mV (0.5%rdg+0.06%FS)
Measure performed with voltage output =1VAC with nominal current measured by clamp
Max crest factor = 3
Current values < 0.1% of full scale (FS) are considered zero by meter
0.1mV
TRMS AC Current with Flex transducer clamp – Range 300A
Range Accuracy Resolution Input impedance Overload protection
0.0 49.9A (0.5%rdg+0.24%FS)
50.0 300.0A (0.5%rdg+0.06%FS)
Measurements performed with HTFLEX33 flexible clamp
Max crest factor = 3
Current values < 1A are considered zero by meter
0.1A
TRMS AC Current with Flex transducer clamp – Range 3000A
Range (*) Accuracy Resolution Input impedance Overload protection
0.0 3000.0A (0.5%rdg+0.06%FS)
Measurements performed with HTFLEX33 flexible clamp
Max crest factor = 3
Current values < 5A are considered zero by meter
0.1A
0.1V
0.1V
Voltage Resolution
0.2V
Voltage Resolution
0.2V
510k
510k
510k
10M
10M
Time Resolution
(50Hz)
10ms
Time Resolution
(50Hz)
10ms
5V
5V
5V
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EN - 91
VEGA78
Power – Single phase / Three phase systems (@ Cos>0.5 and Vmis>60V, clamp type STD)
Parameter
[W, VAr, VA]
Full Scale
Clamp (FS)
FS 1A
Active Power
1A< FS 10A
Reactive Power
Apparent Power
10A< FS 100A
100A< FS 3000A
For STD clamp
Vmis = voltage correspondent to power measurement
FS = Full scale clamp
Range
[W, VAr, VA]
0.0 999.9
1.000 9.999k
0.000 9.999k
10.00 99.99k
0.00 99.99k
100.0 999.9k
0.0 999.9k
1.000 9.999M
Accuracy
(1.0%rdg+6dgt)
Resolution
[W, VAr, VA]
0.1
0.001k
0.001k
0.01k
0.01k
0.1k
0.1k
0.001M
Energy – Single phase / Three phase systems (@ Cos>0.5 and Vmis>60V, clamp type STD)
Parameter
[Wh, VArh, VAh]
Active Energy
Reactive Energy
Apparent Energy
For STD clamp
Vmis = voltage correspondent to power measurement
FS = Full scale clamp
Full Scale
Clamp (FS)
FS 1A
1A< FS 10A
10A< FS 100A
100A< FS 3000A
Range
[Wh, VArh, VAh]
0.0 999.9
1.000 9.999k
0.000 9.999k
10.00 99.99k
0.00 99.99k
100.0 999.9k
0.0 999.9k
1.000 9.999M
Accuracy
(1.0%rdg+6dgt)
Resolution
[Wh, VArh, VAh]
0.1
0.001k
0.001k
0.01k
0.01k
0.1k
0.1k
0.001M
Power Factor (Cos) – Single phase / Three phase systems
Range Accuracy (°) Resolution (°)
1.0
0.7
0.6
0.01
0.200.50
0.500.80
0.801.00
Voltage / Current harmonics
Range Accuracy(*) Resolution
DC 25a
26a 33a
34a 49a
(5.0%rdg+5dgt)
0.1V / 0.1A
50a 64a
(*) Accuracy to add at correspondent TRMS paramters
Frequency
Range Accuracy Resolution
42.569.0Hz (0.2%rdg+1dgt)
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EN - 92
0.1Hz
VEGA78
9.2. GENERAL FEATURES
Real time values
General network parameters: Voltages, Currents, Powers, Cos
Unbalance, THD%, Harmonics
Signals waveforms: Voltages, Currents, harmonics histograms
Vectorial diagrams: Voltages, Currents
Recordings
Parameters: Each general parameters + energies
Number of selectable parameter: Max 251
Integration period: 1, 2, 5, 10, 30sec, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60min
Recording time: >3 months with 251 parameters@15min
Display
Characteristics: Graphic TFT with backlight, ¼ “ VGA (320x240pxls)
Touch screen: Yes
Number of colours: 65536
Brightness adjustment: Programmable
Operative system and memory
Operative system: Windows CE
Internal memory: About 15Mbytes (about 32Mbytes with Compact Flash)
PC interface: USB
Power supply
Internal power supply: Rechargeable battery, autonomy >6 hours
External power supply: Adapter 230VAC / 5V DC
Auto power OFF: After 5min of no use (without external adapter)
Mechanical characteristics
Dimensions: 235(L) x 165(W) x 75(H)
Weight (included battery): About 1.0kg
Reference standards
Safety of meter: IEC/EN61010-1
Technical literature: IEC/EN61187
Safety standard accessories: IEC/EN61010-031, IEC/EN61010-2-032
Insulation: Double insulation
Pollution degree: 2
Max altitude: 2000m
Overvoltage category: CAT IV 600V to Ground, max 1000V between inputs
Power Quality: EN50160
Quality of electrical power: IEC/EN61000-4-30 class B
Unbalance: IEC/EN61000-4-7, EN50160
9.3. ENVIRONMENT
9.3.1. Climatic condition
Reference calibration temperature: 23 ± 5°C
Working temperature: 0 ÷ 40°C
Relative humidity: <80%HR
Storage temperature: -10 ÷ 60°C
Storage relative humidity to: <80%HR
This instrument satisfies the requirements of Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU (LVD) and of EMC
Directive 2014/30/EU
This instrument satisfies the requirements of 2011/65/EU (RoHS) directive and 2012/19/EU (WEEE)
directive
9.4. ACCESSORIES
Use only the optional accessories indicated in the enclosed packing list.
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EN - 93
VEGA78
10. APPENDIX – THEORETICAL OUTLINES
10.1. VOLTAGE ANOMALIES
The meter is capable of recording all those TRMS values as voltage anomalies, calculated
every 10ms, beyond the percentage thresholds of Voltage Reference (Vref) set during the
programming from ±1% to ±30% with steps of 1%. These limits remain unchanged
throughout the recording period.
The reference are set to:
Nominal Voltage Phase to Neutral: For Single Phase and 4 wires three phase system.
Nominal Voltage Phase to Phase: For 3 wires three phase system.
Example1: Three Phase System 3 wires.
Vref = 400V, LIM+= 6%, LIM-=10% =>
High Lim = 400 x (1+6/100) = 424,0V
Low Lim = 400 x (1-10/100) = 360
For each voltage anomaly the instrument records:
The number corresponding to the phase where the anomaly occurred.
The “direction” of the anomaly: “UP” and “DN” identify voltage drops (sag) and peaks
(swell) respectively.
The date and time of the event beginning in the form day, month, year, hour, minutes,
seconds, hundredths of second.
The duration of the event, in seconds with a resolution of 10ms.
The minimum (or maximum) value of voltage during the event.
10.2. VOLTAGE AND CURRENT HARMONICS
10.2.1. Theory
Any periodical no-sine wave can be represented as a sum of sinusoidal waves having
each a frequency that corresponds to an entire multiple of the fundamental, according to
the relation:
where:
V
= Average value of v(t).
0
V1 = Amplitude of the fundamental of v(t).
Vk = Amplitude of the kth harmonic of v(t).
In the mains voltage, the fundamental has a frequency of 50 Hz, the second harmonic has
a frequency of 100 Hz, the third harmonic has a frequency of 150 Hz and so on. Harmonic
distortion is a constant problem and should not be confused with short events such as
sags, swells or fluctuations.
It can be noted that in (1) the index of the sigma is from 1 to the infinite. What happens in
reality is that a signal does not have an unlimited number of harmonics: a number always
exists after which the harmonics value is negligible.
Example2: Three Phase System 4 wires.
Vref = 230V, LIM+= 6%, LIM-=10% =>
High Lim = 230 x (1+6/100) = 243,08V
Low Lim = 230 x (1-10/100) = 207,0V
)tsin(VVv(t)
k0
1k
kk
(1)
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EN - 94
VEGA78
LEGEND:
1. Fundamental
2. Third Harmonic
3. Distorted
Waveform
Effect of the sum of 2 multiple frequencies
The EN50160 standard recommends to stop the index in the expression (1) corresponding
to the 40th harmonic. A fundamental element to detect the presence of harmonics is THD
defined as:
40
2
V
h
2
h
THDV
V
100%
x
1
This index takes all the harmonics into account. The higher it is, the more distorted the
waveform results.
10.2.2. Limit values for harmonic voltage
EN50160 standard fixes the limits for the harmonic voltages, which can be introduced into
the network by the power supplier. In normal conditions, during any period in a week, 95%
of the RMS values of each harmonic voltage, mediated on 10 minutes, shall be lower than
or equal to the values stated in the following table. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of
the supply voltage (including all the harmonics up to 40th order) must be lower than or
equal to 8%.
ODD HARMONICS EVEN HARMONICS
Not multiple of 3 Multiple of 3
Order h Relative voltage % Max Order h Relative voltage % Max
5 6 3 5 2 2
7 5 9 1,5 4 1
11 3,5 15 0,5 6..24 0,5
13 3 21 0,5
17 2
19 1,5
23 1,5
25 1,5
Order h Relative voltage %Max
Table 9: Reference values for harmonics voltage in compliance to EN50160
These limits, theoretically applicable only for the suppliers of electric energy, provide
anyway a series of reference values within which the harmonics introduced into the
network by the users must be contained.
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EN - 95
VEGA78
10.2.3. Presence of harmonics: causes
Any apparatus that alters the sine wave or uses only a part of such a wave causes
distortions to the sine wave and therefore harmonics.
All current signals result in some way virtually distorted. The most common situation is the
harmonic distortion caused by no-linear loads such as electric household appliances,
personal computers or speed control units for motors. Harmonic distortion causes
significant currents at frequencies that are odd multiples of the fundamental frequency.
Harmonic currents affect considerably the neutral wire of electric installations.
In most countries, the mains power is three-phase 50/60Hz with a delta primary and star
secondary transformers. The secondary generally provides 230V AC from phase to neutral
and 400V AC from phase to phase. Balancing the loads on each phase has always
represented an headache for electric system designers.
Tracing back to ten years ago, in a well balanced system, the vectorial sum of the currents
in the neutral was zero or quite low (in view of the difficulty to get a perfect balance). The
devices were incandescent lights, small motors and other devices that presented linear
loads. The result was an essentially sinusoidal current in each phase and a low current on
the neutral at a frequency of 50/60Hz.
“Modern” devices such as TV sets, fluorescent lights, video machines and microwave
ovens normally draw current for only a fraction of each cycle thus causing non-linear loads
and subsequent non-linear currents. All this generates odd harmonics of the 50/60Hz line
frequency. For this reason, the current in the transformers of the distribution boxes
contains only a 50Hz (or 60Hz) component but also a 150Hz (or 180Hz) component, a
50Hz (or 300Hz) component and other significant components of harmonic up to 750Hz
(or 900Hz) and higher.
The vectorial sum of the currents in a well balanced system that feeds no-linear loads may
still be quite low. However, the sum does not eliminate all current harmonics. The odd
multiples of the third harmonic (called “TRIPLENS”) are added together in the neutral and
can cause overheating even with balanced loads.
10.2.4. Presence of harmonics: consequences
In general, even harmonics, i.e. the 2nd, 4th etc., do not cause problems. Triple harmonics,
odd multiples of three, are added on the neutral (instead of deleting each other) thus
creating a condition of overheating of the wire which is extremely dangerous.
Designers should take into consideration the three issues given below when designing a
power distribution system that will contain harmonic current:
The neutral wire must be of sufficient gauge.
The distribution transformer must have an additional cooling system to continue
operating at its rated capacity when not suited to the harmonics. This is necessary
because the harmonic current in the neutral wire of the secondary circuit circulates in
the delta-connected primary circuit. This circulating harmonic current heats up the
transformer.
Phase harmonic currents are reflected on the primary circuit and continue back to the
power source. This can cause distortion of the voltage wave so that any power factor
correction capacitors on the line can be easily overloaded.
th
The 5
and the 11th harmonic contrast the current flow through the motors making its
operation harder and shortening their average life.
In general, the higher the ordinal harmonic number , the smaller its energy is and therefore
its impact on the devices (except for transformers).
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EN - 96
VEGA78
10.3. SUPPLY VOLTAGE UNBALANCE
In normal conditions the supply voltage and the final loads are perfectly balanced.
Unbalances are possible in trouble situations (low insulation) and/or phase circuits
interruptions. Moreover, in single phase systems, the balance can be only statistic.
In order to design a correct protection installation a thorough study of anomalous
conditions on three phase systems was performed. To better understand the meaning of
an installation's parameter the theory of symmetric components is fundamental.
From the theory is always true that any tern of vectors can be decomposed in three kind of
tern: the direct (positive) symmetric tern, the reversed (negative) symmetric tern and the
omopolar (zero) tern as shown in below picture:
Fig. 132: Decomposition of a vectors tern
On the base of this the result is that each unbalanced three phase system can be
decomposed in 3 three phase systems which can be reduced to a separate study of three
single phase circuits relative to direct sequence, negative sequence and zero
sequence respectively.
The EN50160 standard it declares, relative to low voltage systems that “under normal
operating conditions, during each period of one week, 95% of the 10 minute mean rms
values of the negative phase sequence component of the supply voltage shall be within
the range 0 to 2% of the direct phase sequence component. In some areas with partly
single phase or two phase connected customers’ installations, unbalanced up to about 3%
at three phase supply terminal occur.” The meter permits the measure and recording of
below parameters, which are characteristics of unbalanced degree of an installations:
NEG
ZERO
r
E
d
= component at zero sequence
= component at negative sequence
100% x
E
0
100%
x
E
d
E
where:
Er = sequence of negative tern.
Ed = sequence of direct tern.
E0 = sequence of zero tern.
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EN - 97
VEGA78
10.4. POWER AND POWER FACTOR: DEFINITIONS
In a standard electrical installation powered by three sine voltages the following are to be
defined:
Phase Active Power:
Phase Apparent Power:
Phase Reactive Power:
Phase Power Factor:
Total Active Power:
Total Reactive Power:
Total Apparent Power:
Total Power Factor:
(n=1,2,3)
(n=1,2,3)
(n=1,2,3)
(n=1,2,3)
P
F
n
P
F
IVP
P
actn
P
appn
P
act
P
app
IVP
nnNappn
PPP
PPP
reactactapp
nnnNactn
22
actnappnreactn
PPPP
PPPP
22
)cos(
321 actactactact
321 reactreactreactreact
where:
V
= RMS value of voltage between phase n and Neutral.
nN
In = RMS value of n phase current.
fn= Phase angle between voltage and current of n phase.
In the presence of distorted voltages and currents the previous relations vary as follows:
Phase Active Power:
Phase Apparent Power:
Phase Reactive Power:
(n=1,2,3)
(n=1,2,3)
(n=1,2,3)
actn
k
0
cos
k
nkn
IVP
nnNappn
22
PPP
actnappnreactn
)(IVP
k
n
P
actn
Phase Power Factor:
Distorted Power Factor
Total Active Power:
Total Reactive Power:
Total Apparent Power:
Total Power Factor:
(n=1,2,3)
(n=1,2,3)
P
F
n
dPFn=cosf1n= phase displacement between the
fundamentals of voltage and
current of n phase
P
F
P
P
P
appn
act
app
PPPP
PPPP
22
PPP
reactactapp
321 actactactact
321 reactreactreactreact
where:
V
= RMS value of kth voltage harmonic between n phase and Neutral.
kn
Ikn = RMS value of kth current harmonic of n phase.
f
= Phase displacement angle between kth voltage harmonic and kth current harmonic of
kn
n phase.
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EN - 98
VEGA78
Note:
It shall be noted that the expression of the phase Reactive Power with no sine waveforms,
would be wrong. To understand this, it may be useful to consider that both the presence of
harmonics and the presence of reactive power produce, among other effects, an increase
of line power losses due to the increased current RMS value. With the above given relation
the increasing of power losses due to harmonics is added to that introduced by the
presence of reactive power. In effect, even if the two phenomena contribute together to the
increase of power losses in line, it is not true generally that these causes of power losses
are in phase between each other and therefore that can be summed mathematically.
The above given relation is justified by the relative simplicity of its calculation and by the
relative discrepancy between the value obtained using this relation and the true value.
It shall also be noted, how, in case of an electric installation with harmonics, another
parameter called distorted Power Factor (Cosphi) is defined. In practice, this parameter
represents the theoretical limit value that can be reached for Power Factor if all the
harmonics could be eliminated from the electric installation.
10.4.1. Conventions on powers and power factors
As for the recognition of the type of reactive power, of the type of power factor and of the
direction of the active power, the below conventions must be applied. The stated angles
are those of phase-displacement of the current compared to the voltage (for example, in
the first panel the current is in advance from 0° to 90° compared to the voltage):
Equipment under test = Inductive Generator Equipment under test = Capacitive Load
90°
180°
Equipment under test = Capacitive Generator Equipment under test = Inductive Load
act + = 0
P
Pfc + = -1
Pfi + = -1
reactc + = 0
P
reacti + = 0
P
act + = 0
P
Pfc + = -1
Pfi + = -1
reactc + = 0
P
reacti + = 0
P
P
act - = Pact
Pfc - = -1
Pfi - = Pf
reactc - = 0
P
reacti - = Preact
P
act - = Pact
P
Pfc - = Pf
Pfi - = -1
reactc - = Preact
P
Preacti - = 0
270°
act + = Pact
P
Pfc + = Pf
Pfi + = -1
reactc + = Q
P
reacti + = 0
P
P
act + = Pact
Pfc + = -1
Pfi + = Pf
reactc + = 0
P
reacti + = Preact
P
act - = 0
P
Pfc - = -1
Pfi - = -1
reactc - = 0
P
reacti - = 0
P
act - = 0
P
Pfc - = -1
Pfi - = -1
reactc - = 0
P
reacti - = 0
P
0°
where:
Symbol Description Remarks
Pact+ Value of the active power +
Pfc+ Capacitive power factor +
Pfi+ Inductive power factor +
Preactc+ Value of the capacitive reactive power +
Preacti+ Value of the inductive reactive power +
Pact- Value of the active power Pfc- Capacitive power factor Pfi- Inductive power factor Preactc- Value of the capacitive reactive power Preacti- Value of the inductive reactive power -
Positive parameter
Negative parameter
(user)
(generator)
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EN - 99
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