HIT HA16138PS Datasheet

HA16138PS

AC/DC Switching Converter Controller IC

With High-Voltage Power MOS FET

ADE-204-032 (Z)

Preliminary

1st Edition

MAY 2000

Description

The HA16138PS is an IC with a high-voltage power MOS FET and current-mode type PWM controller
mounted in a DILP-8 (DP-8) standard package, suitable for low-power power supplies in the
10 W class and below.

The HA16138PS includes an energy-saving mode for holding down power consumption when on standby
(no load). When the energy-saving mode is entered, the operating frequency is reduced to 1/4 the normal
frequency, reducing power consumption. A starter circuit is also provided on-chip, eliminating the need for
the external start-up resistance needed with previous controller ICs. The starter circuit in this IC is turned
off automatically after the IC starts up, enabling the start-up resistance power consumption to be decreased.

The HA16138PS includes a soft start circuit, OVP circuit, and remote on/off circuit, making it possible to
configure a simple protection circuit with fewer external parts than previously. Also provided are a current
sense resistance and a leading edge blanking circuit that masks spike noise on current sense input, making
noise reduction in a power supply set comparatively easy.

The HA16138PS is equipped with an error amp circuit inverting input (FB) pin and output (COMP) pin,
enabling special-purpose design for both flyback system secondary-side output voltage detection and
primary-side back-up transformer output voltage detection types.

Features

• Built-in high-voltage power MOS FET

• Energy-saving mode (power saving through reduction of operating frequency to 1/4 normal frequency

when on standby)

• Built-in starter circuit, reducing power loss of start-up resistance when on standby (external start-up

resistance not necessary)

• Built-in soft start circuit, eliminating need for external connection

• Remote on/off function, enabling power saving by halting PWM output without turning off power

supply

• Built-in current sense resistance and leading edge blanking circuit, for sense-resistance-less and noise-

cancellation-filter-less implementation

• Built-in over voltage protection circuit

• Built-in over temperature protection circuit

HA16138PS

Pin Arrangement

1DRAIN

2DRAIN

3VDD

4FB

DILP-8

(DP-8)

(Top view)

SOURCE

8

SGND

7

CT

6

COMP

5

Pin Functions

Pin No. Pin Name Pin Function

1 DRAIN On-chip power MOS FET drain pin / starter circuit input pin
2 DRAIN On-chip power MOS FET drain pin / starter circuit input pin
3 VDD Power supply voltage input pin
4 FB Error amplifier inverting input pin / OVP latch circuit input pin
5 COMP Error amplifier output pin
6 CT Timing capacitance connection pin / on/off circuit input pin
7 SGND Primary-side common connection pin
8 SOURCE On-chip power MOS FET source pin

2

Block Diagram

HA16138PS

VDD

CT

FB

Oscillator

VDD

Vref

−

+

E-AMP

VDD

RSQ

+

−

OVP Latch

+

−

ON/OFF
Comp.

1/4 Divider

+

−

Frequency Down
Comp.

TSD

COMP

Vref
Generator

CK

DQ

1/3
Attenuator

UVL

UVL

FF

Vref

+

−

Soft Start

UVL

CS
Comp.

Leading Edge
Blanking

+

−

Delay

Starter

Driver

DRAIN

SOURCE

Rcs

3

HA16138PS

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25°C)

Item Symbol Rating Unit

Power MOS FET block Drain-source voltage V

Maximum drain current I

Controller block Power supply voltage V

CT pin voltage V
FB pin voltage V
COMP pin voltage V

DS

DS

DD

CT

FB

COMP

Overall Operating temperature Topr −20 to +85 °C

Junction temperature Tjmax +150 °C
Storage temperature Tstg −55 to +150 °C

−0.3 to 700 V

0.5 A
0 to 15 V
0 to V

DD

0 to V

DD

0 to 5 V

V
V

4

HA16138PS

Electrical Characteristics (Tj = 25°C, VDD = 12 V, fosc1 = 100 kHz)

Item Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions

Power Drain-source voltage BV
MOS FET Drain-source on resistance R
Starter Start-up start drain voltage V
circuit Start-up charge current I
UVL circuit Operation start power supply

V

DS(on)

DRN

CHG

TH

voltage
Operation stop power supply

V

TL

voltage
Operating power supply current I

DD

Oscillation Normal mode operating frequency fosc1 88 100 112 kHz CT = 220 pF
circuit F-down mode operating frequency fosc2 22 25 28 kHz CT = 220 pF, V

Maximum on duty Dumax  70  %

Error Open-loop voltage gain A

V

amplifier Unity gain bandwidth BW  550  kHz Rcomp = 220 kΩ

Output high voltage 1 V
Output high voltage 2 V
Output low voltage V

Non-inverting input voltage V
Power Output rise time t
MOS FET Output fall time t
gate drive Output high voltage V
circuit Output low voltage V
Current Current sense voltage gain A

COMPH1

COMPH2

COMPL

(+)EA

r

f

OH

OL

VCS

sense Current sense response time tpdcs  200  ns Vcomp = 5.0 V
circuit Leading edge blanking time t

BL

OVP latch OVP latch set voltage Vovp 4.2 5.0 5.8 V Vovp: FB pin voltage
circuit OVP latch reset voltage Vovpr  4.0  V Vovpr: VDD pin voltage

OVP latch current dissipation Iovp  1.1 1.7 mA VFB = 6.0 V
Remote

Off mode start voltage Voff 3.6 3.8 4.0 V Voff: CT pin voltage
on/off circuit

Soft start

Soft start time tst (1.0) 2.0 (3.0) ms Time from start-up to
circuit

f-down

F-down mode start voltage Vfdcp 0.7 0.85 1.0 V
comparator

Over
temperature

Over temperature protection start

temperature

TSD  150 °C TSD: Power MOS FET

protection
circuit

700 V

DSS

 12 20 Ω ID = 0.4 A
55 75 95 V
125 250 500 µA
10 11 12 V

789V

 2.5 4.0 mA

50 65  dB Rcomp = 220 kΩ

4.5 5.0  V Iosource = 0 µA

4.3 4.8  V Iosource = 100 µA
 0.50 0.75 V Iosink = 0 µA

3.4 3.8 4.2 V

 100  ns CL = 1000 pF
 80  ns CL = 1000 pF
 10  V Iosource = 25 mA
 0.5  V Iosink = 25 mA
 3.0  V/V

 300  ns

COMP

max. duty

junction temperature

= 0 V

5

HA16138PS

Functional Description

Note: Unless specified otherwise, characteristic values in the text and figures are typical values or design

values.

Starter Circuit

When power is turned on, the starter circuit operates during standby mode, and a constant current is
supplied from the drain pins to the VDD pin. This constant current supplies the external capacitance
charge current for charging up the VDD pin and the standby current consumed by the IC itself while on
standby.

Therefore, the start-up bleeder resistance required by previous products with no on-chip starter circuit is no
longer necessary. The starter circuit detects both the drain voltage and the VDD pin voltage, and controls
VDD so that the IC does not start up if the drain voltage is less than 75 V.

Vb+

0

DRAIN

75V

0

Istart

VDD

CT

COMP

DC
OUTPUT

0

11V

8V

0

0

0

0

Figure 1 Start-Up Timing

UVL Circuit

The UVL circuit is a function that monitors the VDD voltage, and stops IC operation if VDD is low. The
VDD detection voltage has a hysteresis characteristic; the operating start VDD voltage is 11 V, and the
operation stop voltage, 8 V.

In standby mode at the operation stop voltage or below, the UVL circuit keeps the power MOS FET turned
off, and performs control of soft start circuit resetting, internal reference voltage circuit stoppage, and so
forth.

6

HA16138PS

Error Amplifier

The error amplifier comprises a constant-current source type Pch top differential amplifier. As the
inverting input (FB) pin and output (COMP) pin are provided as external pins, use for both a simple
flyback power supply back-up voltage feedback type and a high-precision secondary voltage detection type
is possible.

Current Sense Circuit

This is a 200 ns high-speed comparator circuit suitable for current mode control. The current sense
controller reference voltage depends on the COMP pin voltage, being always 1/3 of the COMP pin voltage.

Power
MOS FET

Current sense
resistance

Osc.

−

+

Error amplifier

FF

+

−

Current sense
comparator

2R

R

Driver

300 ns

Delay circuit

Leading edge
blanking

1/3 attenuator

Figure 2 Current Sense Peripheral Circuitry

Leading Edge Blanking Circuit

The on-chip leading edge blanking circuit masks the current sense comparator input signal for a period of
300 ns after the power MOS FET gate voltage goes high. This reduces the erroneous operation due to
spike-shaped noise caused by discharge of various capacitance components when the power MOS FET is
turned on.

7

HA16138PS

Oscillation Circuit

The oscillator generates a triangular voltage waveform through the discharge of the timing capacitance CT.
With a 220 pF CT connected, the oscillator operates at 100 kHz.

The triangular voltage waveform has a discharge time ratio of 3:1, with the charge side set to PWM on­pulses, and the discharge side to dead-band pulses. The maximum PWM on duty can be controlled up to
70%.

CT

DB pulse
(IC internal waveform)

1/3∗COMP
(IC internal waveform)

CS
(IC internal waveform)

Power MOS FET
Gate voltage
(IC internal waveform)

Power MOS FET
Drain voltage

Figure 3 Oscillation Circuit Peripheral Waveform Timing

OVP Latch Circuit

When the FB pin voltage reaches 5 V or above, the OVP latch circuit operates and forcibly stops PWM
output and the reference voltage generation circuit. While OVP latching is stopped, the starter circuit is
also stopped. Latch resetting can be performed by driving power supply voltage VDD to 4 V or below.

DRAIN

0

CT

0

FB

0

Vref
(IC internal
waveform)

5V

5V

0

Figure 4 OVP Latch Operation Timing

8

HA16138PS

Remote On/Off Circuit

When the CT pin voltage is pulled up to 3.8 V or above, the remote on/off circuit operates and PWM
output can be stopped without turning off the power supply. When stoppage is executed by means of the
on/off circuit, PWM output and the starter circuit are stopped, and the soft start circuit is reset, but the
reference voltage generation circuit does not stop.

DRAIN

0

CT

Vref
(IC internal
waveform)

5V

3.8V

Figure 5 Remote On/Off Operation Timing

Soft Start Circuit

This circuit implements a soft start function with a 2 ms time constant without the use of external parts.
During a soft start, the PWM output pulse width gradually increases. The soft start time is defined as the
time from the point at which the UVL circuit start voltage is exceeded to the point at which PWM output
reaches its maximum duty.

9

HA16138PS

f-down Comparator

An "energy-saving mode" is provided to hold down power consumption during standby, with the operating
frequency in the unloaded state reduced to 1/4 of its steady operation value.

The f-down comparator detects the COMP pin voltage, and if it falls to 0.85 V or below, switches to
energy-saving mode. As COMP pin voltage detection is performed pulse-by-pulse, a skip mode comes into
effect in the vicinity of the threshold voltage according to the timing.

V

CT

V

COMP

V

DRAIN

Normal

mode

Energy-

saving

mode

Normal

mode

Energy-

saving

mode

Figure 6 Energy-Saving Mode Switching Waveform Timing

Over Temperature Protection Circuit

If the power MOS FET junction temperature reaches +150°C, the over temperature protection circuit
operates, shutting down the IC. The over temperature protection circuit is coupled to the OVP latch circuit,
so that the latch is reset if the power supply voltage is driven to 4 V or below while the junction
temperature is lower than the overheating protection start temperature.

10

Main Characteristics

HA16138PS

1000

300

100

fosc (kHz)

30

10

500
450
400

350
300

250
200

Idrain (µA)

150
100

50

Operating Frequency vs. Timing Capacitance

normal mode operating frequency

f-down mode operating frequency

100

Start-up Current (Charge Current + Standby Current)

0

0 10203040506070

200

300 400 500 1000

(pF)

C

T

vs. Drain Voltage

Vdrain (V)

80

12

10

8

6

VDD (V)

4

2

0

0 1020304050607080

Power Supply Voltage vs. Drain Voltage

Vdrain (V)

11

HA16138PS

Error Amplifier Output High Voltage vs. Output Source Current

6.0

5.0

4.0

(V)

3.0

OH

V

2.0

1.0

0

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Iosource (µA)

Error Amplifier Output Low Voltage vs. Output Sink Current

2.5

2.0

1.5

(V)

OL

V

1.0

0.5

0

0 1000400 800200 600

Iosink (µA)

12

Operating Frequency (Normal Mode) vs. Ambient Temperature

110
108
106
104
102
100

98

fosc (kHz)

96
94
92
90

−25 10025 75050
Ta (°C)

Operating Start/Stop Power Supply Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature

13

HA16138PS

12

V

TH

11

(V)

10

TL

, V

9

TH

V

8

V

TL

7
6

−25 10025 75050
Ta (°C)

13

HA16138PS

Thermal Resistance θj-a and Maximum Power Dissipation vs.

Printed Circuit Board Copper Heat Sink Perimeter Length

120

2.5

100

80

60

θj-a (°C/W)

40

20

05020 4010 30

Length of copper, L (mm)

2.0 oz copper heat sink

Pt(max) for Ta = +85°C

θj-a

Pin holes

L

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5
Maximum power dissipation (W)

0

Glass-epoxy
printed circuit board

L

14

Wiring pattern

Figure 7 Sample Printed Circuit Board Copper Heat Sink Pattern

HA16138PS

Application Circuit Examples 1

The application circuit example shown here detects the secondary-side output voltage of a flyback power
supply. Secondary-side output voltage detection and feedback are performed by a shunt regulator and
photocoupler.

When the OVP latch function is used for secondary-side output voltage overvoltage protection, the FB pin
should be pulled up to VDD by the shunt regulator and photocoupler.

Transformer
P: 90T / 1.43mH

AC
INPUT

0.1µ

Line Filter

: Primary GND

: Secondary GND

100µ
400V

2200p

+

VR
260V

S: 6T / 8.1µH
B: 14T / 30.8µH

PS

51k

B

HA16138PS

SBD
HRW26F

560µ

OVP detection circuit (7.4V)

15µ

+

+

180µ

25V

25V

K
A

HA17431VP

R3
330

R4

1.8k
C4

0.022µ

R5

3.3k

REF

R6

4.7k

R7

2.4k

R8
330

R9

1.8k
C5

3.3µ

K

REF

A

HA17431VP

R10

3.3k

+

R11

2.4k

DC
OUTPUT
5V/2A

R12

2.4k

−

DRAIN

1

DRAIN

2

OVP feedback circuit

C1

+

47µ
VR
15V

R12

20V

R1
120k

The secondary-side output voltage is stabilized at a

*

value determined by the bleeder resistance of the
secondary-side shunt regulator.

R11 + R12

VOUT(reg) = Vref(shunt)

= 2.5V ×

= 5.0V

×

2.4kΩ + 2.4kΩ

2.4kΩ

VDD

3

FB

4

SOURCE

8

SGND

7

CT

6

COMP

5

C2

R2

2200pC3220p

15k

When the OVP latch function is used, the secondary-side
voltage is detected by the shunt regulator, and feedback
to the FB pin is performed by the photocoupler. The OVP
detection level is determined by the following formula.

VOUT(ovp) = Vref(shunt) ×

= 2.5V ×

= 7.4V

Photo
coupler

R6 + R7

R7

4.7kΩ + 2.4kΩ

2.4kΩ

Units R: Ω

C: F

15

HA16138PS

Application Circuit Examples 2

The application circuit example shown here detects the primary-side back-up output voltage of a flyback
power supply. As the back-up output voltage, VDD is resistance-divided and feedback is performed to the
FB pin. The back-up output voltage and secondary-side output voltage are proportional to the ratio of
transformer windings. Using this characteristic enables the system to be configured with simple circuitry
as shown in the figure below.

The VDD-to-FB feedback resistance can also be used as the back-up output voltage OVP detection
resistance.

Transformer
P: 90T / 1.43mH

AC
INPUT

0.1µ

Line Filter

: Primary GND

100µ
400V

2200p
+

VR
260V

S: 6T / 8.1µH
B: 14T / 30.8µH

PS

51k

B

SBD
HRW26F

560µ

25V

15µ

+

+

180µ

25V

+

DC
OUTPUT
5V/1A

−

: Secondary GND

HA16138PS

DRAIN

1

R1
240k

C1

+

47µ

VR

R2
120k

If feedback resistance R1 = 240 kΩ and R2 = 120 kΩ,

*

feedback is performed so that the FB pin voltage is
non-inverting input voltage V
is stabilized.

VDD(reg) = V

= 3.8V ×

= 11.4V

R1 + R2

×

(+)EA

240kΩ + 120kΩ

R2

120kΩ

20V

15V

, and the VDD voltage

(+)EA

2
3
4

DRAIN
VDD
FB

SOURCE

8

SGND

7
6

CT

5

COMP

C2 0.1µ

R3 1M

When the FB pin voltage reaches OVP latch set
voltage Vovp, the OVP latch circuit operates, shutting
down the IC. The VDD voltage in this case is given
by the following formula.

VDD(ovp) = Vovp ×

R4
15k

= 5.0V ×

= 15V

C3

C4

2200p

220p

Units R: Ω

C: F

R1 + R2

R2

240kΩ + 120kΩ

120kΩ

16

HA16138PS

Application Circuit Examples 3

As this IC is provided with a remote on/off function, it is possible to implement power management
without turning off the power supply. Using a remote on/off control circuit as shown in the figure below,
the CT pin voltage is pulled up to the off mode start voltage or above, and the IC is stopped. In the off
mode, control of PWM output stoppage, soft start resistance resetting, and starter circuit stoppage is
performed without stopping the internal reference voltage generation circuit. With this function, also, latch
operation is not performed, and an auto-restart is executed as soon as the CT pin voltage falls below the off
mode start voltage. It is recommended that the remote on/off control signal be controlled by a
microcomputer or other logic signal.

Remote ON/OFF control circuit

R2
43k

HA16138PS

2SA1029

1
2
3
4

DRAIN
DRAIN
VDD
FB

SOURCE

SGND

CT

COMP

8
7
6
5

CT
220p

R1
10k

2SC458

R3
130k

R4

10k

ON/OFF

H: OFF
L: ON

Units R: Ω

C: F

17

HA16138PS

Laser Marking Specifications

Product code

HA16138

Lot indication and
Management code

PS

123

Lot Indication and Management Code Contents

: The last digit of the production year.

1

: Production month code

2

: Management code

3

Production month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Month code A B C D E F G H J K L M

18

Package Dimensions

0.89

10.6 Max

1

HA16138PS

Unit: mm

9.6

58

6.3

7.4 Max

4

1.3

2.54 ± 0.25

1.27 Max

0.48 ± 0.10

5.06 Max

0.1 Min

2.54 Min
0° – 15°

Hitachi Code
JEDEC
EIAJ
Weight

7.62

+ 0.10

0.25

– 0.05

(reference value)

DP-8
Conforms
Conforms

0.54 g

19

HA16138PS

Cautions

1. Hitachi neither warrants nor grants licenses of any rights of Hitachi’s or any third party’s patent,
copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property rights for information contained in this document.
Hitachi bears no responsibility for problems that may arise with third party’s rights, including
intellectual property rights, in connection with use of the information contained in this document.

2. Products and product specifications may be subject to change without notice. Confirm that you have
received the latest product standards or specifications before final design, purchase or use.

3. Hitachi makes every attempt to ensure that its products are of high quality and reliability. However,
contact Hitachi’s sales office before using the product in an application that demands especially high
quality and reliability or where its failure or malfunction may directly threaten human life or cause risk
of bodily injury, such as aerospace, aeronautics, nuclear power, combustion control, transportation,
traffic, safety equipment or medical equipment for life support.

4. Design your application so that the product is used within the ranges guaranteed by Hitachi particularly
for maximum rating, operating supply voltage range, heat radiation characteristics, installation
conditions and other characteristics. Hitachi bears no responsibility for failure or damage when used
beyond the guaranteed ranges. Even within the guaranteed ranges, consider normally foreseeable
failure rates or failure modes in semiconductor devices and employ systemic measures such as fail­safes, so that the equipment incorporating Hitachi product does not cause bodily injury, fire or other
consequential damage due to operation of the Hitachi product.

5. This product is not designed to be radiation resistant.

6. No one is permitted to reproduce or duplicate, in any form, the whole or part of this document without
written approval from Hitachi.

7. Contact Hitachi’s sales office for any questions regarding this document or Hitachi semiconductor
products.

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Copyright ' Hitachi, Ltd., 2000. All rights reserved. Printed in Japan.

20

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