HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 User Manual
User’s Manual
HEIDENHAIN
Conversational
Programming
iTNC 530
NC Software
606 420-01
606 421-01
English (en)
6/2010
Controls of the TNC
1
50
0
50
100
F %
1
50
0
50
100
S %
Keys on visual display unit
Key Function
Split screen layout
Toggle the display between machining
and programming modes
Soft keys for selecting functions on
screen
Shifts between soft-key rows
Alphanumeric keyboard
Key Function
File names, comments
DIN/ISO programming
Machine operating modes
Key Function
Manual Operation
Electronic Handwheel
Program/file management, TNC functions
Key Function
Select or delete programs and files,
external data transfer
Define program call, select datum and
point tables
Select MOD functions
Display help text for NC error messages,
call TNCguide
Display all current error messages
Show calculator
Navigation keys
Key Function
Move highlight
Go directly to blocks, cycles and
parameter functions
Potentiometer for feed rate and spindle speed
Feed rate Spindle speed
Programming modes
Key Function
smarT.NC
Positioning with Manual Data Input
Program Run, Single Block
Program Run, Full Sequence
Programming and Editing
Test Run
Cycles, subprograms and program section repeats
Key Function
Define touch probe cycles
Define and call cycles
Enter and call labels for subprogramming
and program section repeats
Program stop in a program
Tool functions
Key Function
Define tool data in the program
Coordinate axes and numbers: Entering and editing
Key Function
Select coordinate axes or
enter them into the program
Call tool data
Programming path movements
Key Function
Approach/depart contour
FK free contour programming
Straight line
Circle center/pole for polar coordinates
Circle with center
Circle with radius
Circular arc with tangential connection
Chamfering/corner rounding
Numbers
Decimal point / Reverse algebraic sign
Polar coordinate input / Incremental
values
Q parameter programming /
Q parameter status
Save actual position or values from
calculator
Skip dialog questions, delete words
Confirm entry and resume dialog
Conclude block and exit entry
Clear numerical entry or TNC error
message
Abort dialog, delete program section
Special functions / smarT.NC
Key Function
Show special functions
smarT.NC: Select next tab on form
smarT.NC: Select first input field in
previous/next frame
About this Manual
The symbols used in this manual are described below.
This symbol indicates that important notes about the
function described must be adhered to.
This symbol indicates that there is one or more of the
following risks when using the described function:
Danger to workpiece
Danger to fixtures
Danger to tool
Danger to machine
Danger to operator
This symbol indicates that the described function must be
adapted by the machine tool builder. The function
described may therefore vary depending on the machine.
This symbol indicates that you can find detailed
information about a function in another manual.
About this Manual
Would you like any changes, or have you found any errors?
We are continuously striving to improve documentation for you.
Please help us by sending your requests to the following e-mail
address: tnc-userdoc@heidenhain.de.
HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 5
TNC Model, Software and Features
This manual describes functions and features provided by TNCs as of
the following NC software numbers.
TNC model NC software number
iTNC 530, HSCI and HeROS 5 606 420-01
iTNC 530, HSCI and HeROS 5 606 421-01
The suffix E indicates the export version of the TNC. The export
version of the TNC has the following limitations:
Simultaneous linear movement in up to 4 axes
HSCI (HEIDENHAIN Serial Controller Interface) identifies the new
hardware platform of the TNC controls.
HeROS 5 identifies the new operating system of HSCI-based TNC
controls.
The machine tool builder adapts the usable features of the TNC to his
machine by setting machine parameters. Some of the functions
described in this manual may therefore not be among the features
provided by the TNC on your machine tool.
TNC functions that may not be available on your machine include:
TNC Model, Software and Features
Tool measurement with the TT
Please contact your machine tool builder to become familiar with the
features of your machine.
6
Many machine manufacturers, as well as HEIDENHAIN, offer
programming courses for the TNCs. We recommend these courses as
an effective way of improving your programming skill and sharing
information and ideas with other TNC users.
User’s Manual for Cycle Programming:
All of the cycle functions (touch probe cycles and fixed
cycles) are described in a separate manual. Please contact
HEIDENHAIN if you require a copy of this User’s Manual.
ID: 670 388-xx
smarT.NC user documentation:
The smarT.NC operating mode is described in a separate
Pilot. Please contact HEIDENHAIN if you require a copy of
this Pilot. ID: 533 191-xx.
TNC Model, Software and Features
HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 7
Software options
The iTNC 530 features various software options that can be enabled
by you or your machine tool builder. Each option is to be enabled
separately and contains the following respective functions:
Software option 1
Cylinder surface interpolation (Cycles 27, 28, 29 and 39)
Feed rate in mm/min for rotary axes: M116
Tilting the machining plane (Cycle 19, PLANE function and 3-D ROT
soft key in the Manual operating mode)
Circle in 3 axes with tilted working plane
Software option 2
Block processing time 0.5 ms instead of 3.6 ms
5-axis interpolation
Spline interpolation
3-D machining:
M114: Automatic compensation of machine geometry when
TNC Model, Software and Features
working with swivel axes
M128: Maintaining the position of the tool tip when positioning
with tilted axes (TCPM)
FUNCTION TCPM: Maintaining the position of the tool tip when
positioning with tilted axes (TCPM) in selectable modes
M144: Compensating the machine’s kinematic configuration for
ACTUAL/NOMINAL positions at end of block
Additional parameters for finishing/roughing and tolerance
for rotary axes in Cycle 32 (G62)
LN blocks (3-D compensation)
DCM Collision software option Description
Function that monitors areas defined by the
machine manufacturer to prevent collisions.
DXF Converter software option Description
Extract contours and machining positions
from DXF files (R12 format).
Additional dialog language software
option
Function for enabling the conversational
languages Slovenian, Slovak, Norwegian,
Latvian, Estonian, Korean, Turkish, Romanian,
Lithuanian.
8
Page 377
Page 252
Description
Page 654
Global Program Settings software option Description
Function for superimposing coordinate
transformations in the Program Run modes,
handwheel superimposed traverse in virtual
axis direction.
AFC software option Description
Function for adaptive feed-rate control for
optimizing the machining conditions during
series production.
KinematicsOpt software option Description
Touch-probe cycles for inspecting and
optimizing the machine accuracy.
3D-ToolComp software option Description
3-D radius compensation depending on the
tool’s contact angle for LN blocks.
Page 395
Page 406
User’s Manual for
Cycles
Page 406
TNC Model, Software and Features
HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 9
Feature content level (upgrade functions)
Along with software options, significant further improvements of the
TNC software are managed via the Feature Content Level (FCL)
upgrade functions. Functions subject to the FCL are not available
simply by updating the software on your TNC.
All upgrade functions are available to you without surcharge
when you receive a new machine.
Upgrade functions are identified in the manual with FCL n, where n
indicates the sequential number of the feature content level.
You can purchase a code number in order to permanently enable the
FCL functions. For more information, contact your machine tool
builder or HEIDENHAIN.
FCL 4 functions Description
Graphical depiction of the protected
space when DCM collision monitoring is
active
Page 381
Handwheel superimposition in stopped
condition when DCM collision
monitoring is active
TNC Model, Software and Features
3-D basic rotation (set-up
compensation)
FCL 3 functions Description
Touch probe cycle for 3-D probing User’s Manual for
Touch probe cycles for automatic datum
setting using the center of a slot/ridge
Feed-rate reduction for the machining of
contour pockets with the tool being in
full contact with the workpiece
PLANE function: Entry of axis angle Page 458
User documentation as a
context-sensitive help system
smarT.NC: Programming of smarT.NC
and machining can be carried out
simultaneously
smarT.NC: Contour pocket on point
pattern
Page 380
Machine Manual
Cycles
User’s Manual for
Cycles
User’s Manual for
Cycles
Page 154
Page 115
smarT.NC Pilot
10
FCL 3 functions Description
smarT.NC: Preview of contour
programs in the file manager
smarT.NC Pilot
smarT.NC: Positioning strategy for
machining point patterns
FCL 2 functions Description
3-D line graphics Page 146
Virtual tool axis Page 576
USB support of block devices (memory
sticks, hard disks, CD-ROM drives)
Filtering of externally created contours Page 420
Possibility of assigning different depths
to each subcontour in the contour
formula
DHCP dynamic IP-address
management
Touch-probe cycle for global setting of
touch-probe parameters
smarT.NC: Graphic support of block
scan
smarT.NC: Coordinate transformation smarT.NC Pilot
smarT.NC: PLANE function smarT.NC Pilot
smarT.NC Pilot
Page 125
User’s Manual for
Cycles
Page HIDDEN
User’s Manual for
Touch Probe Cycles
smarT.NC Pilot
TNC Model, Software and Features
Intended place of operation
The TNC complies with the limits for a Class A device in accordance
with the specifications in EN 55022, and is intended for use primarily
in industrially-zoned areas.
Legal information
This product uses open source software. Further information is
available on the control under
U Programming and Editing operating mode
U MOD function
U LEGAL INFORMATION soft key
HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 11
New functions 606 42x-01 since the predecessor versions 340 49x-05
Opening and Editing of externally created files is new (see
“Additional tools for management of external file types” on page
128)
New functions in the task bar added (see “Soft-key row” on page
86)
Enhanced functions for configuration of the Ethernet interface (see
“Configuring the TNC” on page 625)
Improvements regarding Functional Safety FS (option):
General information on Functional Safety FS (see “General
Information” on page 534)
Explanation of terms (see “Explanation of terms” on page 535)
Checking the axis positions (see “Check axis positions” on page
536)
Activating feed-rate limitation (see “Activating feed-rate
limitation” on page 538)
Improvements regarding the general status views of a TNC with
functional safety (see “Additional Status displays” on page 538)
The new HR 510, HR 520 and HR 550 FS handwheels are supported
(see “Traversing with electronic handwheels” on page 522)
New software option 3-D ToolComp: 3-D tool radius compensation
depending on the tool’s contact angle on blocks with surface normal
vectors (LN blocks, see "3-D tool radius compensation depending on
the tool’s contact angle (3D-ToolComp software option)", page 489)
3-D line graphics is now also possible in full-screen mode (see “3-D
Line Graphics (FCL2 Function)” on page 146)
A file selection dialog for selecting files in different NC functions and
in the table view of the pallet table is available now (see “Calling any
program as a subprogram” on page 274)
DCM: Saving and restoring of fixture situations
DCM: The form for test program generation now also contains icons
and tooltips (see “Check the position of the measured fixture” on
page 388)
DCM, FixtureWizard: Touch points and probing sequence are shown
more clearly now
DCM, FixtureWizard: Designations, touch points and measuring
points can be shown or hidden as desired.(see “Operating
FixtureWizard” on page 385)
DCM, FixtureWizard: Chucking equipment and insertion points can
now also be selected by mouse click
DCM: A library with standard chucking equipment is available now
(see “Fixture templates” on page 384)
New functions 606 42x-01 since the predecessor versions 340 49x-05
DCM: Tool carrier management (see “Tool Holder Management
(DCM Software Option)” on page 392)
12
In the Test Run mode, the working plane can now by defined
manually (see “Setting a tilted working plane for the test run” on
page 600)
On machines without encoders in the rotary axes, the rotary axis
coordinates to define the virtual axis direction VT can now be
specified via M114 (see “Virtual axis VT” on page 405)
In Manual mode the RW-3D mode for position display is now also
available (see “Position Display Types” on page 636)
Entries in the tool table TOOL.T (see “Tool table: Standard tool data”
on page 166)
New DR2TABLE column for definition of a compensation table for
tool radius compensation depending on the tool’s contact angle
New LAST_USE column, into which the TNC enters the date and
time of the last tool call
Q parameter programming: QS string parameters can now also be
used for jump addresses of conditional jumps, subprograms or
program section repeats (see "Calling a subprogram", page 272, see
"Calling a program section repeat", page 273 and see "Programming
If-Then decisions", page 299)
The generation of tool usage lists in the Program Run modes can be
configured in a form (see “Settings for the tool usage test” on page
184)
The behavior during deletion of tools from the tool table can now be
influenced via machine parameter 7263
(see “Editing tool
tables” on page 172)
In the positioning mode TURN of the PLANE function you can now
define a clearance height to which the tool is to be retracted before
tilting to tool axis direction (see “Automatic positioning:
MOVE/TURN/STAY (entry is mandatory)” on page 460)
The following additional functions are now available in the expanded
tool management (see “Tool management (software option)” on
page 187):
Columns with special functions are also editable now
The form view of the tool data can now be exited with or without
saving changed values
The table view now offers a search function
Indexed tools are now shown correctly in the form view
The tool sequence list includes more detailed information now
The loading and unloading list of the tool magazine can now be
loaded and unloaded by drag and drop
Columns in the table view can be moved simply by drag and drop
Several special functions (SPEC FCT) are now available in the MDI
operating mode (see “Programming and Executing Simple
Machining Operations” on page 578)
There is a new manual probing cycle that can be used to
compensate workpiece misalignments by rotating the rotary table
(see “Workpiece alignment using 2 points” on page 561)
New functions 606 42x-01 since the predecessor versions 340 49x-05
HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 13
New touch probe cycle for calibrating a touch probe by means of a
calibration sphere (see User's Manual for Cycle Programming)
KinematicsOpt: Better support for positioning of Hirth-coupled axes
(see User's Manual for Cycle Programming)
KinematicsOpt: An additional parameter for determination of the
backlash in a rotary axis was introduced (see User's Manual for
Cycle Programming)
New Cycle 275 for Trochoidal Slot Milling (see User’s Manual for
Cycle Programming)
In Cycle 241 "Single-Fluted Deep-Hole Drilling" it is now possible to
define a dwell depth (see User's Manual for Cycle Programming)
The approach and departure behavior of Cycle 39 "Cylinder Surface
Contour" can now be adjusted (see User's Manual for Cycle
Programming)
New functions 606 42x-01 since the predecessor versions 340 49x-05
14
Changed functions 606 42x-01 since the predecessor versions 340 49x-06
Q parameter programming: In the FN20 function WAIT FOR you can
now enter 128 characters (see “FN 20: WAIT FOR: NC and PLC
synchronization” on page 318).
In the calibration menus for touch probe length and radius, the
number and name of the active tool are also displayed now (if the
calibration data from the tool table are to be used, MP7411 = 1, see
"Managing more than one block of calibrating data", page 555).
During tilting in the Distance-To-Go mode, the PLANE function now
shows the angle actually left to be traversed until the target position
(see “Position display” on page 445).
The approach behavior during side finishing with Cycle 24 (DIN/ISO:
G124) was changed (see User's Manual for Cycle Programming).
HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 15
Changed functions 606 42x-01 since the predecessor versions 340 49x-06
Changed functions 606 42x-01 since the predecessor versions 340 49x-06
16
Table of Contents
First Steps with the iTNC 530
1
Introduction
2
Programming: Fundamentals, File
Management
3
Programming: Programming Aids
4
Programming: Tools
5
Programming: Programming Contours
6
Programming: Miscellaneous Functions
7
Programming: Data Transfer from DXF
Files
8
Programming: Subprograms and Program
Section Repeats
9
Programming: Q Parameters
10
Programming: Miscellaneous Functions
11
Programming: Special Functions
12
Programming: Multiple Axis Machining
13
Programming: Pallet Editor
14
Positioning with Manual Data Input
15
Test Run and Program Run
16
MOD Functions
17
Tables and Overviews
18
HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 17
1 First Steps with the iTNC 530 ..... 45
1.1 Overview ..... 46
1.2 Machine Switch-On ..... 47
Acknowledge the power interruption and move to the reference points ..... 47
1.3 Programming the First Part ..... 48
Select the correct operating mode ..... 48
The most important TNC keys ..... 48
Create a new program/file management ..... 49
Define a workpiece blank ..... 50
Program layout ..... 51
Program a simple contour ..... 52
Create a cycle program ..... 55
1.4 Graphically Testing the Program ..... 58
Select the correct operating mode ..... 58
Select the tool table for the test run ..... 58
Choose the program you want to test ..... 59
Select the screen layout and the view ..... 59
Start the program test ..... 60
1.5 Tool Setup ..... 61
Select the correct operating mode ..... 61
Prepare and measure tools ..... 61
The tool table TOOL.T ..... 61
The pocket table TOOL_P.TCH ..... 62
1.6 Workpiece Setup ..... 63
Select the correct operating mode ..... 63
Clamp the workpiece ..... 63
Align the workpiece with a 3-D touch probe system ..... 64
Set the datum with a 3-D touch probe ..... 65
1.7 Running the First Program ..... 66
Select the correct operating mode ..... 66
Choose the program you want to run ..... 66
Start the program ..... 66
HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 19
2 Introduction ..... 67
2.1 The iTNC 530 ..... 68
Programming: HEIDENHAIN conversational, smarT.NC and ISO formats ..... 68
Compatibility ..... 68
2.2 Visual Display Unit and Keyboard ..... 69
Visual display unit ..... 69
Sets the screen layout ..... 70
Operating panel ..... 71
2.3 Operating Modes ..... 72
Manual Operation and Electronic Handwheel ..... 72
Positioning with Manual Data Input ..... 72
Programming and Editing ..... 73
Test Run ..... 73
Program Run, Full Sequence and Program Run, Single Block ..... 74
2.4 Status Displays ..... 75
“General” status display ..... 75
Additional status displays ..... 77
2.5 Window Manager ..... 85
Soft-key row ..... 86
2.6 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN 3-D Touch Probes and Electronic Handwheels ..... 87
3-D touch probes ..... 87
HR electronic handwheels ..... 88
20
3 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management ..... 89
3.1 Fundamentals ..... 90
Position encoders and reference marks ..... 90
Reference system ..... 90
Reference system on milling machines ..... 91
Polar coordinates ..... 92
Absolute and incremental workpiece positions ..... 93
Setting the datum ..... 94
3.2 Creating and Writing Programs ..... 95
Organization of an NC program in HEIDENHAIN Conversational ..... 95
Define the blank: BLK FORM ..... 95
Creating a new part program ..... 96
Programming tool movements in conversational format ..... 98
Actual position capture ..... 100
Editing a program ..... 101
The TNC search function ..... 105
3.3 File Management: Fundamentals ..... 107
Files ..... 107
Show externally created files on the TNC ..... 109
Data backup ..... 109
3.4 Working with the File Manager ..... 110
Directories ..... 110
Paths ..... 110
Overview: Functions of the file manager ..... 111
Calling the file manager ..... 112
Selecting drives, directories and files ..... 113
Creating a new directory (only possible on the drive TNC:\) ..... 116
Creating a new file (only possible on the drive TNC:\) ..... 116
Copying a single file ..... 117
Copying files into another directory ..... 118
Copying a table ..... 119
Copying a directory ..... 120
Choosing one of the last files selected ..... 120
Deleting a file ..... 121
Deleting a directory ..... 121
Marking files ..... 122
Renaming a file ..... 124
Additional functions ..... 125
Working with shortcuts ..... 127
Additional tools for management of external file types ..... 128
Data transfer to or from an external data medium ..... 133
The TNC in a network ..... 135
USB devices on the TNC (FCL 2 function) ..... 136
HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 21
4 Programming: Programming Aids ..... 139
4.1 Adding Comments ..... 140
Function ..... 140
Entering comments during programming ..... 140
Inserting comments after program entry ..... 140
Entering a comment in a separate block ..... 140
Functions for editing of the comment ..... 141
4.2 Structuring Programs ..... 142
Definition and applications ..... 142
Displaying the program structure window / Changing the active window ..... 142
Inserting a structuring block in the (left) program window. ..... 142
Selecting blocks in the program structure window ..... 142
4.3 Integrated Pocket Calculator ..... 143
Operation ..... 143
4.4 Programming Graphics ..... 144
Generating / not generating graphics during programming ..... 144
Generating a graphic for an existing program. ..... 144
Block number display ON/OFF ..... 145
Erasing the graphic ..... 145
Magnifying or reducing a detail ..... 145
4.5 3-D Line Graphics (FCL2 Function) ..... 146
Function ..... 146
Functions of the 3-D line graphics ..... 146
Highlighting NC blocks in the graphics ..... 148
Block number display ON/OFF ..... 148
Erasing the graphic ..... 148
4.6 Immediate Help for NC Error Messages ..... 149
Displaying error messages ..... 149
Display HELP ..... 149
4.7 List of All Current Error Messages ..... 150
Function ..... 150
Show error list ..... 150
Window contents ..... 151
Calling the TNCguide help system ..... 152
Generating service files ..... 153
4.8 The Context-Sensitive Help System TNCguide (FCL3 Function) ..... 154
Function ..... 154
Working with the TNCguide ..... 155
Downloading current help files ..... 159
22
5 Programming: Tools ..... 161
5.1 Entering Tool-Related Data ..... 162
Feed rate F ..... 162
Spindle speed S ..... 163
5.2 Tool Data ..... 164
Requirements for tool compensation ..... 164
Tool numbers and tool names ..... 164
Tool length L ..... 164
Tool radius R ..... 164
Delta values for lengths and radii ..... 165
Entering tool data into the program ..... 165
Entering tool data in the table ..... 166
Tool-carrier kinematics ..... 174
Using an external PC to overwrite individual tool data ..... 175
Pocket table for tool changer ..... 176
Calling tool data ..... 179
Tool change ..... 181
Tool usage test ..... 184
Tool management (software option) ..... 187
5.3 Tool Compensation ..... 192
Introduction ..... 192
Tool length compensation ..... 192
Tool radius compensation ..... 193
HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 23
6 Programming: Programming Contours ..... 197
6.1 Tool Movements ..... 198
Path functions ..... 198
FK free contour programming ..... 198
Miscellaneous functions M ..... 198
Subprograms and program section repeats ..... 198
Programming with Q parameters ..... 199
6.2 Fundamentals of Path Functions ..... 200
Programming tool movements for workpiece machining ..... 200
6.3 Contour Approach and Departure ..... 204
Overview: Types of paths for contour approach and departure ..... 204
Important positions for approach and departure ..... 205
Approaching on a straight line with tangential connection: APPR LT ..... 207
Approaching on a straight line perpendicular to the first contour point: APPR LN ..... 207
Approaching on a circular path with tangential connection: APPR CT ..... 208
Approaching on a circular arc with tangential connection from a straight line to the contour: APPR LCT ..... 209
Departing on a straight line with tangential connection: DEP LT ..... 210
Departing on a straight line perpendicular to the last contour point: DEP LN ..... 210
Departure on a circular path with tangential connection: DEP CT. ..... 211
Departing on a circular arc tangentially connecting the contour and a straight line: DEP LCT ..... 211
6.4 Path Contours—Cartesian Coordinates ..... 212
Overview of path functions ..... 212
Straight line L ..... 213
Inserting a chamfer between two straight lines ..... 214
Corner rounding RND ..... 215
Circle center CCI ..... 216
Circular path C around circle center CC ..... 217
Circular path CR with defined radius ..... 218
Circular path CT with tangential connection ..... 220
6.5 Path Contours—Polar Coordinates ..... 225
Overview ..... 225
Zero point for polar coordinates: pole CC ..... 226
Straight line LP ..... 226
Circular path CP around pole CC ..... 227
Circular path CTP with tangential connection ..... 228
Helical interpolation ..... 229
24
6.6 Path Contours—FK Free Contour Programming ..... 233
Fundamentals ..... 233
Graphics during FK programming ..... 235
Converting FK programs into HEIDENHAIN conversational format ..... 236
Initiating the FK dialog ..... 237
Pole for FK programming ..... 238
Free programming of straight lines ..... 238
Free programming of circular arcs ..... 239
Input possibilities ..... 239
Auxiliary points ..... 243
Relative data ..... 244
HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 25
7 Programming: Data Transfer from DXF Files ..... 251
7.1 Processing DXF Files (Software Option) ..... 252
Function ..... 252
Opening a DXF file ..... 253
Basic settings ..... 254
Layer settings ..... 256
Specifying the reference point ..... 257
Selecting and saving a contour ..... 259
Selecting and storing machining positions ..... 262
Zoom function ..... 268
26
8 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats ..... 269
8.1 Labeling Subprograms and Program Section Repeats ..... 270
Labels ..... 270
8.2 Subprograms ..... 271
Operating sequence ..... 271
Programming notes ..... 271
Programming a subprogram ..... 271
Calling a subprogram ..... 272
8.3 Program Section Repeats ..... 273
Label LBL ..... 273
Operating sequence ..... 273
Programming notes ..... 273
Programming a program section repeat ..... 273
Calling a program section repeat ..... 273
8.4 Separate Program as Subprogram ..... 274
Operating sequence ..... 274
Programming notes ..... 274
Calling any program as a subprogram ..... 274
8.5 Nesting ..... 276
Types of nesting ..... 276
Nesting depth ..... 276
Subprogram within a subprogram ..... 277
Repeating program section repeats ..... 278
Repeating a subprogram ..... 279
8.6 Programming Examples ..... 280
HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 27
9 Programming: Q Parameters ..... 287
9.1 Principle and Overview ..... 288
Programming notes ..... 290
Calling Q-parameter functions ..... 291
9.2 Part Families—Q Parameters in Place of Numerical Values ..... 292
Function ..... 292
9.3 Describing Contours through Mathematical Operations ..... 293
Function ..... 293
Overview ..... 293
Programming fundamental operations ..... 294
9.4 Trigonometric Functions ..... 295
Definitions ..... 295
Programming trigonometric functions ..... 296
9.5 Circle Calculations ..... 297
Function ..... 297
9.6 If-Then Decisions with Q Parameters ..... 298
Function ..... 298
Unconditional jumps ..... 298
Programming If-Then decisions ..... 299
Abbreviations used: ..... 299
9.7 Checking and Changing Q Parameters ..... 300
Procedure ..... 300
9.8 Additional Functions ..... 301
Overview ..... 301
FN 14: ERROR: Displaying error messages ..... 302
FN 15: PRINT: Output of texts or Q parameter values ..... 306
FN 16: F-PRINT: Formatted output of text and Q-parameter values ..... 307
FN 18: SYS-DATUM READ: Read system data ..... 311
FN 19: PLC: Transfer values to the PLC ..... 317
FN 20: WAIT FOR: NC and PLC synchronization ..... 318
FN 25: PRESET: Setting a new datum ..... 320
9.9 Entering Formulas Directly ..... 321
Entering formulas ..... 321
Rules for formulas ..... 323
Programming example ..... 324
28
9.10 String Parameters ..... 325
String processing functions ..... 325
Assigning string parameters ..... 326
Chain-linking string parameters ..... 327
Converting a numerical value to a string parameter ..... 328
Copying a substring from a string parameter ..... 329
Copying system data to a string parameter ..... 330
Converting a string parameter to a numerical value ..... 332
Checking a string parameter ..... 333
Finding the length of a string parameter ..... 334
Comparing alphabetic priority ..... 335
9.11 Preassigned Q Parameters ..... 336
Values from the PLC: Q100 to Q107 ..... 336
WMAT block: QS100 ..... 336
Active tool radius: Q108 ..... 336
Tool axis: Q109 ..... 337
Spindle status: Q110 ..... 337
Coolant on/off: Q111 ..... 337
Overlap factor: Q112 ..... 337
Unit of measurement for dimensions in the program: Q113 ..... 338
Tool length: Q114 ..... 338
Coordinates after probing during program run ..... 338
Deviation between actual value and nominal value during automatic tool measurement with the TT 130 ..... 339
Tilting the working plane with mathematical angles: rotary axis coordinates calculated by the TNC ..... 339
Measurement results from touch probe cycles (see also User’s Manual for Touch Probe Cycles) ..... 340
9.12 Programming Examples ..... 342
HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 29
10 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions ..... 349
10.1 Entering Miscellaneous Functions M and STOP ..... 350
Fundamentals ..... 350
10.2 Miscellaneous Functions for Program Run Control, Spindle and Coolant ..... 351
Overview ..... 351
10.3 Miscellaneous Functions for Coordinate Data ..... 352
Programming machine-referenced coordinates: M91/M92 ..... 352
Activating the most recently entered datum: M104 ..... 354
Moving to positions in a non-tilted coordinate system with a tilted working plane: M130 ..... 354
10.4 Miscellaneous Functions for Contouring Behavior ..... 355
Smoothing corners: M90 ..... 355
Insert rounding arc between straight lines: M112 ..... 355
Do not include points when executing non-compensated line blocks: M124 ..... 356
Machining small contour steps: M97 ..... 357
Machining open contours corners: M98 ..... 359
Feed rate factor for plunging movements: M103 ..... 360
Feed rate in millimeters per spindle revolution: M136 ..... 361
Feed rate for circular arcs: M109/M110/M111 ..... 362
Calculating the radius-compensated path in advance (LOOK AHEAD): M120 ..... 363
Superimposing handwheel positioning during program run: M118 ..... 365
Retraction from the contour in the tool-axis direction: M140 ..... 366
Suppressing touch probe monitoring: M141 ..... 367
Delete modal program information: M142 ..... 368
Delete basic rotation: M143 ..... 368
Automatically retract tool from the contour at an NC stop: M148 ..... 369
Suppress limit switch message: M150 ..... 370
10.5 Miscellaneous Functions for Laser Cutting Machines ..... 371
Principle ..... 371
Output the programmed voltage directly: M200 ..... 371
Output voltage as a function of distance: M201 ..... 371
Output voltage as a function of speed: M202 ..... 372
Output voltage as a function of time (time-dependent ramp): M203 ..... 372
Output voltage as a function of time (time-dependent pulse): M204 ..... 372
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