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CDS |
OM 01041 08 |
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November 6, 1996 |
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Rev. K 02 26 13 |
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INSTALLATION, OPERATION,
AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
WITH PARTS LIST
T SERIES PUMPS
MODELS
T3A3 B
INCLUDING: /F, /FM
THE GORMAN RUPP COMPANY D MANSFIELD, OHIO
www.grpumps.com
GORMAN RUPP OF CANADA LIMITED D ST. THOMAS, ONTARIO, CANADA Printed in U.S.A.
e1996 The Gorman Rupp Company
Register your new
Gorman Rupp pump online at
www.grpumps.com
Valid serial number and e mail address required.
RECORD YOUR PUMP MODEL AND SERIAL NUMBER
Please record your pump model and serial number in the spaces provided below. Your Gorman Rupp distributor needs this information when you require parts or service.
Pump Model:
Serial Number:
TABLE OF CONTENTS |
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INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE I - 1 |
SAFETY - SECTION A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE A - 1 |
INSTALLATION - SECTION B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 1 |
Pump Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 1 |
PREINSTALLATION INSPECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 2 |
POSITIONING PUMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 2 |
Lifting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 2 |
Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 2 |
Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 2 |
SUCTION AND DISCHARGE PIPING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 2 |
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 2 |
Line Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 3 |
Connections to Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 3 |
Gauges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 3 |
SUCTION LINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 3 |
Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 3 |
Strainers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 3 |
Sealing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 3 |
Suction Lines In Sumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 3 |
Suction Line Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 4 |
DISCHARGE LINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 4 |
Siphoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 4 |
Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 4 |
Bypass Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 5 |
AUTOMATIC AIR RELEASE VALVE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 6 |
Theory of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 6 |
Air Release Valve Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 6 |
ALIGNMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 7 |
Coupled Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 8 |
Drive Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 8 |
DRIVE BELT TENSIONING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 9 |
General Rules of Tensioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE B - 9 |
OPERATION - SECTION C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 1 |
PRIMING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 1 |
STARTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 1 |
Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 1 |
OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 2 |
Lines With a Bypass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 2 |
Lines Without a Bypass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 2 |
Leakage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 2 |
Liquid Temperature And Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 2 |
Strainer Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 3 |
Pump Vacuum Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 3 |
STOPPING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 3 |
Cold Weather Preservation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 3 |
BEARING TEMPERATURE CHECK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE C - 3 |
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)
TROUBLESHOOTING - SECTION D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE D - 1 |
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE D - 3 |
PUMP MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR - SECTION E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 1 |
PERFORMANCE CURVE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 1 |
PARTS LISTS: |
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Pump Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 3 |
Repair Rotating Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 5 |
PUMP AND SEAL DISASSEMBLY AND REASSEMBLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 6 |
Back Cover And Wear Plate Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 6 |
Suction Check Valve Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 6 |
Rotating Assembly Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 6 |
Impeller Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 7 |
Seal Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 7 |
Shaft and Bearing Removal and Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 8 |
Shaft and Bearing Reassembly and Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 9 |
Seal Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 10 |
Impeller Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 12 |
Rotating Assembly Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 13 |
Suction Check Valve Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 13 |
Back Cover Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 13 |
PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 14 |
Final Pump Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 14 |
LUBRICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 14 |
Seal Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 14 |
Bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 14 |
Power Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
PAGE E - 14 |
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INTRODUCTION
Thank You for purchasing a Gorman Rupp pump. Read this manual carefully to learn how to safely install and operate your pump. Failure to do so could result in personal injury or damage to the pump.
This Installation, Operation, and Maintenance manual is designed to help you achieve the best performance and longest life from your Gorman Rupp pump.
For information or technical assistance on the power source, contact the power source manufac turer's local dealer or representative.
The following are used to alert maintenance per sonnel to procedures which require special atten tion, to those which could damage equipment, and to those which could be dangerous to personnel:
This pump is a T Series, semi open impeller, self priming centrifugal model with a suction check valve. The pump is designed for handling liquids containing large entrained solids and slurries. The basic material of construction is gray iron, with ductile iron impeller and steel wearing parts.
This manual will alert personnel to known proce dures which require special attention, to those which could damage equipment, and to those which could be dangerous to personnel. However, this manual cannot possibly anticipate and provide detailed precautions for every situation that might occur during maintenance of the unit. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the owner/maintenance per sonnel to ensure that only safe, established main tenance procedures are used, and that any proce dures not addressed in this manual are performed only after establishing that neither personal safety nor pump integrity are compromised by such prac tices.
If there are any questions regarding the pump or its application which are not covered in this man ual or in other literature accompanying this unit, please contact your Gorman Rupp distributor, or write:
The Gorman Rupp Company
P.O. Box 1217
Mansfield, Ohio 44901-1217
Phone: (419) 755-1011
or:
Gorman Rupp of Canada Limited
70 Burwell Road
St. Thomas, Ontario N5P 3R7
Phone: (519) 631-2870
Immediate hazards which WILL result in severe personal injury or death. These instructions describe the procedure re quired and the injury which will result from failure to follow the procedure.
Hazards or unsafe practices which COULD result in severe personal injury or death. These instructions describe the procedure required and the injury which could result from failure to follow the procedure.
Hazards or unsafe practices which COULD result in minor personal injury or product or property damage. These instructions describe the requirements and the possi ble damage which could result from failure to follow the procedure.
NOTE
Instructions to aid in installation, operation, and maintenance or which clarify a procedure.
INTRODUCTION |
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SAFETY - SECTION A
This information applies to T Series ba sic pumps. Gorman Rupp has no con trol over or particular knowledge of the power source which will be used. Refer to the manual accompanying the power source before attempting to begin operation.
This manual will alert personnel to known procedures which require spe cial attention, to those which could damage equipment, and to those which could be dangerous to personnel. How ever, this manual cannot possibly pro vide detailed instructions and precau tions for each specific application or for every situation that might occur during maintenance of the unit. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the owner, installer and/or maintenance personnel to en sure that applications and/or mainte nance procedures not addressed in this manual are performed only after estab lishing that neither personal safety nor pump integrity are compromised by such applications or procedures.
Before attempting to open or service the pump:
1.Familiarize yourself with this man ual.
2.Disconnect or lock out the power source to ensure that the pump will remain inoperative.
3.Allow the pump to completely cool if overheated.
4.Check the temperature before opening any covers, plates, or plugs.
5.Close the suction and discharge valves.
6.Vent the pump slowly and cau tiously.
7.Drain the pump.
This pump is designed to handle liquids containing large entrained solids or slurries. Do not attempt to pump vola tile, corrosive, or flammable materials which may damage the pump or endan ger personnel as a result of pump fail ure.
After the pump has been positioned, make certain that the pump and all pip ing connections are tight, properly sup ported and secure before operation.
Do not operate the pump without the guards in place over the rotating parts. Exposed rotating parts can catch cloth ing, fingers, or tools, causing severe in jury to personnel.
Do not remove plates, covers, gauges, pipe plugs, or fittings from an over heated pump. Vapor pressure within the pump can cause parts being disen gaged to be ejected with great force. Al low the pump to cool before servicing.
Do not operate the pump against a closed discharge valve for long periods of time. If operated against a closed dis
SAFETY |
PAGE A - 1 |
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charge valve, pump components will deteriorate, and the liquid could come to a boil, build pressure, and cause the pump casing to rupture or explode.
Use lifting and moving equipment in good repair and with adequate capacity to prevent injuries to personnel or dam age to equipment. Suction and dis charge hoses and piping must be re moved from the pump before lifting.
Do not attempt to disengage any part of an overheated pump unit. Vapor pres sure within the pump casing can eject
these parts with great force when they are disengaged. Allow the pump to completely cool before servicing it.
Overheated pumps can cause severe burns and injury. If overheating of the pump occurs:
1.Stop the pump immediately.
2.Allow the pump to completely cool.
3.Refer to instructions in this manual before restarting the pump.
Pumps and related equipment must be in stalled and operated according to all na tional, local and industry standards.
PAGE A - 2 |
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INSTALLATION - SECTION B
Review all SAFETY information in Section A.
Since pump installations are seldom identical, this section offers only general recommendations and practices required to inspect, position, and ar range the pump and piping.
Most of the information pertains to a standard static lift application where the pump is posi tioned above the free level of liquid to be pumped.
If installed in a flooded suction application where the liquid is supplied to the pump under pressure, some of the information such as mounting, line configuration, and priming must be tailored to the
specific application. Since the pressure supplied to the pump is critical to performance and safety, be sure to limit the incoming pressure to 50% of the maximum permissible operating pressure as shown on the pump performance curve.
For further assistance, contact your Gorman Rupp distributor or the Gorman Rupp Company.
Pump Dimensions
See Figure 1 for the approximate physical dimen sions of this pump.
OUTLINE DRAWING
NOTE: OPTIONAL ASA OR DIN STANDARD SUCTION & DISCHARGE SPOOL FLANGES AVAILABLE
Figure 1. Pump Model T3A3 B, Including /F, /FM
INSTALLATION |
PAGE B - 1 |
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PREINSTALLATION INSPECTION
The pump assembly was inspected and tested be fore shipment from the factory. Before installation, inspect the pump for damage which may have oc curred during shipment. Check as follows:
a.Inspect the pump for cracks, dents, damaged threads, and other obvious damage.
b.Check for and tighten loose attaching hard ware. Since gaskets tend to shrink after dry ing, check for loose hardware at mating sur faces.
c.Carefully read all warnings and cautions con tained in this manual or affixed to the pump, and perform all duties indicated. Note the di rection of rotation indicated on the pump. Check that the pump shaft rotates counter clockwise when facing the impeller.
Only operate this pump in the direction in dicated by the arrow on the pump body and on the accompanying decal. Refer to
ROTATION in OPERATION, Section C.
d.Check levels and lubricate as necessary. Re fer to LUBRICATION in the MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR section of this manual and per form duties as instructed.
e.If the pump and power source have been stored for more than 12 months, some of the components or lubricants may have ex ceeded their maximum shelf life. These must be inspected or replaced to ensure maxi mum pump service.
If the maximum shelf life has been exceeded, or if anything appears to be abnormal, contact your
Gorman Rupp distributor or the factory to deter mine the repair or updating policy. Do not put the pump into service until appropriate action has been taken.
POSITIONING PUMP
Lifting
Pump unit weights will vary depending on the mounting and drive provided. Check the shipping tag on the unit packaging for the actual weight, and use lifting equipment with appropriate capacity. Drain the pump and remove all customer installed equipment such as suction and discharge hoses or piping before attempting to lift existing, installed units.
The pump assembly can be seriously damaged if the cables or chains used to lift and move the unit are improperly wrapped around the pump.
Mounting
Locate the pump in an accessible place as close as practical to the liquid being pumped. Level mount ing is essential for proper operation.
The pump may have to be supported or shimmed to provide for level operation or to eliminate vibra tion.
Clearance
It is recommended that 18 inches (457 mm) of clearance be provided in front of the back cover to permit removal of the cover and easy access to the pump interior. A minimum clearance of 9 inches (229 mm) must be maintained to permit removal of the cover.
SUCTION AND DISCHARGE PIPING
Pump performance is adversely effected by in creased suction lift, discharge elevation, and fric tion losses. See the performance curve and oper ating range shown on Page E 1 to be sure your overall application allows pump to operate within the safe operation range.
Materials
Either pipe or hose maybe used for suction and discharge lines; however, the materials must be
PAGE B - 2 |
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compatible with the liquid being pumped. If hose is used in suction lines, it must be the rigid wall, rein forced type to prevent collapse under suction. Us ing piping couplings in suction lines is not recom mended.
Line Configuration
Keep suction and discharge lines as straight as possible to minimize friction losses. Make mini mum use of elbows and fittings, which substan tially increase friction loss. If elbows are necessary, use the long radius type to minimize friction loss.
Connections to Pump
Before tightening a connecting flange, align it ex actly with the pump port. Never pull a pipe line into place by tightening the flange bolts and/or cou plings.
Lines near the pump must be independently sup ported to avoid strain on the pump which could cause excessive vibration, decreased bearing life, and increased shaft and seal wear. If hose type lines are used, they should have adequate support to secure them when filled with liquid and under pressure.
Gauges
Most pumps are drilled and tapped for installing discharge pressure and vacuum suction gauges. If these gauges are desired for pumps that are not tapped, drill and tap the suction and discharge lines not less than 18 inches (457,2 mm) from the suction and discharge ports and install the lines. Installation closer to the pump may result in erratic readings.
SUCTION LINES
To avoid air pockets which could affect pump prim ing, the suction line must be as short and direct as possible. When operation involves a suction lift, the line must always slope upward to the pump from the source of the liquid being pumped; if the line slopes down to the pump at any point along the suction run, air pockets will be created.
Fittings
Suction lines should be the same size as the pump inlet. If reducers are used in suction lines, they should be the eccentric type, and should be in stalled with the flat part of the reducers uppermost to avoid creating air pockets. Valves are not nor mally used in suction lines, but if a valve is used, install it with the stem horizontal to avoid air pock ets.
Strainers
If a strainer is furnished with the pump, be certain to use it; any spherical solids which pass through a strainer furnished with the pump will also pass through the pump itself.
If a strainer is not furnished with the pump, but is installed by the pump user, make certain that the total area of the openings in the strainer is at least three or four times the cross section of the suction line, and that the openings will not permit passage of solids larger than the solids handling capability of the pump.
This pump is designed to handle up to 2 1/2 inch
(63,5 mm) diameter spherical solids.
Sealing
Since even a slight leak will affect priming, head, and capacity, especially when operating with a high suction lift, all connections in the suction line should be sealed with pipe dope to ensure an air tight seal. Follow the sealant manufacturer's rec ommendations when selecting and applying the pipe dope. The pipe dope should be compatible with the liquid being pumped.
Suction Lines In Sumps
If a single suction line is installed in a sump, it should be positioned away from the wall of the sump at a distance equal to 1 1/2 times the diame ter of the suction line.
If there is a liquid flow from an open pipe into the sump, the flow should be kept away from the suc tion inlet because the inflow will carry air down into the sump, and air entering the suction line will re duce pump efficiency.
INSTALLATION |
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If it is necessary to position inflow close to the suc tion inlet, install a baffle between the inflow and the suction inlet at a distance 1 1/2 times the diameter of the suction pipe. The baffle will allow entrained air to escape from the liquid before it is drawn into the suction inlet.
Suction Line Positioning
The depth of submergence of the suction line is critical to efficient pump operation. Figure 2 shows recommended minimum submergence vs. veloc ity.
NOTE
If two suction lines are installed in a single sump, the flow paths may interact, reducing the efficiency of one or both pumps. To avoid this, position the suction inlets so that they are separated by a dis tance equal to at least 3 times the diameter of the suction pipe.
The pipe submergence required may be reduced by installing a standard pipe increaser fitting at the end of the suction line. The larger opening size will reduce the inlet velocity. Calculate the required submergence using the following formula based on the increased opening size (area or diameter).
Figure 2. Recommended Minimum Suction Line Submergence vs. Velocity
DISCHARGE LINES
Siphoning
Do not terminate the discharge line at a level lower than that of the liquid being pumped unless a si phon breaker is used in the line. Otherwise, a si phoning action causing damage to the pump could result.
Valves
If a throttling valve is desired in the discharge line, use a valve as large as the largest pipe to minimize friction losses. Never install a throttling valve in a suction line.
With high discharge heads, it is recommended that a throttling valve and a system check valve be in stalled in the discharge line to protect the pump from excessive shock pressure and reverse rota tion when it is stopped.
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If the application involves a high discharge head, gradually close the discharge throttling valve before stopping the pump.
Bypass Lines
Self priming pumps are not air compressors. Dur ing the priming cycle, air from the suction line must be vented to atmosphere on the discharge side. If the discharge line is open, this air will be vented through the discharge. However, if a check valve has been installed in the discharge line, the dis charge side of the pump must be opened to atmos pheric pressure through a bypass line installed be tween the pump discharge and the check valve. A self priming centrifugal pump will not prime if there is sufficient static liquid head to hold the dis charge check valve closed.
NOTE
The bypass line should be sized so that it does not affect pump discharge capacity; however, the by pass line should be at least 1 inch in diameter to minimize the chance of plugging.
In high discharge head applications (more than 30 feet), an excessive amount of liquid may be by passed and forced back to the wet well under the full working pressure of the pump; this will reduce overall pumping efficiency. Therefore, it is recom mended that a Gorman Rupp Automatic Air Re lease Valve be installed in the bypass line.
Gorman Rupp Automatic Air Release Valves are reliable, and require minimum maintenance. See
AUTOMATIC AIR RELEASE VALVE in this section for installation and theory of operation of the Auto matic Air Release Valve. Consult your Gorman Rupp distributor, or contact the Gorman Rupp Company for selection of an Automatic Air Release Valve to fit your application.
If the installation involves a flooded suction such as a below ground lift station. A pipe union and manu al shut off valve may be installed in the bleed line to allow service of the valve without shutting down the station, and to eliminate the possibility of flooding. If a manual shut off valve is installed anywhere in the air release piping, it must be a full opening ball type valve to prevent plugging by solids.
In low discharge head applications (less than 30 feet or 9 meters), it is recommended that the by pass line be run back to the wet well, and located 6 inches below the water level or cut off point of the low level pump. In some installations, this bypass line may be terminated with a six to eight foot length of 1 1/4 inch I.D. smooth bore hose; air and liquid vented during the priming process will then agitate the hose and break up any solids, grease, or other substances likely to cause clogging.
A bypass line that is returned to a wet well must be secured against being drawn into the pump suction inlet.
It is also recommended that pipe unions be in stalled at each 90_ elbow in a bypass line to ease disassembly and maintenance.
If a manual shut off valve is installed in a bypass line, it must not be left closed during operation. A closed manual shut off valve may cause a pump which has lost prime to continue to operate with out reaching prime, causing dangerous overheating and possible explosive rupture of the pump casing. Personnel could be severely injured.
Allow an over heated pump to com pletely cool before servicing. Do not re move plates, covers, gauges, or fittings from an over heated pump. Liquid with in the pump can reach boiling tempera tures, and vapor pressure within the pump can cause parts being disen gaged to be ejected with great force. Af ter the pump completely cools, drain the liquid from the pump by removing the casing drain plug. Use caution when re
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