Furuno 1832 User Manual

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Furuno 1832 User Manual

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C

9 - 5 2 , A s h i h a r a - c h o , N i s h i n o m i y a , J a p a n

T e l e p h o n e :

0 7 9 8 - 6 5 - 2 1 1 1

T e l e f a x :

0 7 9 8 - 6 5 - 4 2 0 0

A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d . Printed in Japan

P U B . N o . O M E - 3 4 4 1 0

( H I M A )

M O D E L 1 8 3 2 / 1 9 3 2 / 1 9 4 2

 

Y o u r L o c a l A g e n t / D e a l e r

F I R S T E D I T I O N

:

J A N .

1 9 9 7

P

:

O C T .

1 7 , 2 0 0 1

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

"DANGER", "WARNING" and "CAUTION" notices appear throughout this manual. It is the responsibility of the operator and the installer of the equipment to read, understand and follow these notices. If you have any questions regarding these safety instructions, please contact a FURUNO agent or dealer.

WARNING

Do not open the equipment.

Hazardous voltage which can cause electrical shock, burn or serious injury exists inside the equipment. Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment.

Wear a safety belt and hard hat when working on the antenna unit.

Serious injury or death can result if someone falls from the radar antenna mast.

Stay away from transmitting antenna.

The radar antenna emits microwave radiation which can be harmful to the human body, particularly the eyes. Never look directly into the antenna radiator from a distance of less than 1 m when the radar is in operation.

Turn off the radar power switch before servicing the antenna unit. Post a warning sign near the switch indicating it should not be turned on while the antenna unit is being serviced.

Prevent the potential risk of someone begin struck by the rotating antenna and exposure to RF radiation hazard.

WARNING

Do not disassemble or modify the equipment.

Fire electrical shock or serious injury can result.

Turn off the power immediately if water leaks into the equipment or the equipment is emitting smoke or fire.

Continued use of the equipment can cause fire or electrical shock.

Do not place liquid-filled containers on the top of the equipment.

Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid spills into the equipment.

CAUTION

Use the proper fuse.

Use of a wrong fuse can result in fire or permanent equipment damage.

Do not use the equipment for other than its intended purpose.

Personal injury can result if the equipment is used as a chair or stepping stool, for example.

Do not place objects on the top of the equipment.

The equipment can overheat or personal injury can result if the object falls.

i

FOREWORD

Congratulations on your choice of the FURUNO MODEL 1832/1932/1942 Marine Radar. We are confident you will see why the FURUNO name has become synonymous with quality and reliability.

For over 50 years FURUNO Electric Company has enjoyed an enviable reputation for innovative and dependable marine electronics equipment. This dedication to excellence is furthered by our extensive global network of agents and dealers.

Your radar is designed and constructed to meet the rigorous demands of the marine environment. However, no machine can perform its intended function unless properly installed and maintained. Please carefully read and follow the recommended procedures for installation, operation and maintenance.

While this unit can be installed by the purchaser, any purchaser who has doubts about his or her technical abilities may wish to have the unit installed by a FURUNO representative or other qualified technician. The importance of a through installation can not be overemphasized.

We would appreciate hearing from you, the enduser, about whether we are achieving our purposes.

Thank you for considering and purchasing FURUNO equipment.

Features

Your radar has a large variety of functions, all contained in a remarkably small cabinet.

The main features of the MODEL 1832/1932/ 1942 are:

¡Traditional FURUNO reliability and quality in a compact, lightweight and low-cost radar.

¡Durable brushless antenna motor.

¡On-screen alphanumeric readout of all operational information.

¡Standard features include EBL (Electronic Bearing Line), VRM (Variable Range Marker), Guard Alarm, Display Off Center, and Echo Trail.

¡Watchman feature periodically transmits the radar to check for radar targets which may be entering the alarm zone.

¡Ship’s position in latitude and longitude and Loran C Time Differences, range and bearing to a waypoint, and ship’s speed/ heading/course can be shown in the bottom text area. (Requires a navigation aid which can output such data in IEC 1162 format.)

¡Zoom feature provided.

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD ...................................

iii

SPECIFICATIONS ...........................

v

EQUIPMENT LIST ........................

viii

CONFIGURATION OF

 

MODEL 1832/1932/1942 .............

x

1. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION ......

1

1.1 What is Radar? ....................................

1

1.2

How Ships Determined Position Before

 

Radar ..................................................

1

1.3

How Radar Determines Range ...........

1

1.4

How Radar Determines Bearing .........

1

1.5

Radar Wave Speed and Antenna Rota-

 

tion Speed ...........................................

1

1.6 The Radar Display ..............................

1

2. BASIC OPERATION ....................

3

2.1

Control Description ............................

3

2.2

Display Indications and Markers ........

4

2.3 Turning the Radar On and Off ............

5

2.4 Transmitting ........................................

5

2.5

Stand-by ..............................................

5

2.6

Selecting the Range ............................

6

2.7 Adjusting Picture Brilliance ................

6

2.8 Adjusting Receiver Sensitivity ...........

6

2.9 Adjusting the A/C SEA Control (reduc-

 

ing sea clutter) ....................................

6

2.10 Adjusting the A/C RAIN Control

 

 

(reducing rain clutter) .........................

7

2.11 Erasing the Heading Line, North Mark

 

..........................................................

8

2.12 Measuring the Range ........................

8

2.13 Measuring the Bearing ......................

9

2.14 Using the Offset EBL .......................

9

2.15 Shifting (off centering) the Picture . 10

2.16 Zoom ...............................................

11

iv

3. MENU OPERATION ...................

12

3.1

Basic Menu Operation ......................

12

3.2

Selecting the Presentation Mode ......

12

3.3

Magnifying Long Range Echoes (echo

 

stretch) ..............................................

13

3.4

Echo Trail..........................................

13

3.5

Suppressing Radar Interference ........

14

3.6

Selecting Pulsewidth .........................

15

3.7

Guard Alarm .....................................

15

3.8 Watchman .........................................

16

3.9

Displaying Navigation Data .............

17

3.10 OTHER MENU Description ...........

18

3.11 Function Keys .................................

19

3.12 Suppressing Noise ..........................

19

3.13 Adjusting Brilliance of Markers

..... 19

3.14 Outputting Target Position ..............

19

4. FALS ECHOES ..........................

20

4.1

Multiple Echoes ................................

20

4.2

Side-lobe Echoes ..............................

20

4.3

Indirect Echoes .................................

20

4.4

Blind and Shadow Sectors ................

21

5. MAINTENANCE & TROUBLE-

SHOOTING ................................

22

5.1

Preventitive Maintenance .................

22

5.2

Replacing the Fuse ............................

22

5.3

Troubleshooting ................................

23

5.4

Self Test ............................................

24

5.5

Life Expectancy of Magnetron .........

24

6. INSTALLATION .........................

25

6.1 Antenna Unit Installation ..................

25

6.2

Display Unit Installation ...................

30

6.3

Exchange of Fuse for 24/32V Power

 

Supply ..............................................

32

6.4

Checking the Installation ..................

32

6.5 Adjustments ......................................

32

MENU TREE .............................

AP-1

ARP-10 (OPTION) ....................

AP-2

Declaration of Conformity

 

MODEL 1832 SPECIFICATIONS

ANTENNA UNIT

1.

Radiator:

Printed array

2.

Radiator length:

60 cm

3.

Horizontal beamwidth:

3.9°

4. Vertical beamwidth:

20°

5.Sidelobe:

Within ± 20° of mainlobe; less than -18 dB

Outside ± 20° of mainlobe; less than -23 dB 6. Polarization: Horizontal

7.Antenna rotation speed: 24 rpm

8.Wind resistance:

Relative wind speed 100 knots (51.5 m/s)

TRANSCEIVER MODULE (contained in radome)

1. Transmitting tube:

MG5248, E3571 or

 

 

MAF1421B

2.

Frequency:

 

 

9410 MHz ± 30 MHz

 

3.

Peak output power:

4 kW nominal

4.Pulselength & pulse repetition rate:

0.08s, 2100 Hz (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5)

0.3s, 1200 Hz (1.5, 2, 3)

 

0.8 s, 600Hz (3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36)

5.

Warmup time:

1:30

6.

Modulator:

FET switching

 

 

method

7.

I.F.:

60 MHz

8.

Tuning:

3Automatic or

 

 

manual

9.

Receiver front end:

MIC (Microwave

 

 

 

 

IC)

10. Bandwidth:

 

 

Tx pulselength 0.3 s and 0.08 s: 25 MHz

 

Tx pulselength 0.8 s: 3 MHz

11. Duplexer:

Circulator with diode

 

 

limiter

DISPLAY UNIT

1.

Indication system:

PPI raster scan

2.

Display:

10-inch rectangular

monochrome CRT

3.Range scale (nm):

Range, Range interval and no. of Rings: 0.125 (0.0625, 2), 0.25 (0.125, 4), 0.75 (0.25, 3), 1 (0.25, 4), 1.5 (0.5, 3), 2 (0.5, 4), 3 (1, 3), 4 (1, 4), 6 (2, 3), 8 (2, 4), 12 (3, 4),

 

16 (4, 4), 24 (6, 4), 36 (12, 3)

4.

Bearing resolution:

5.

Bearing accuracy:

Within 1°

6.

Range discrimination:

Better than 20 m

7.Range ring accuracy:

0.9% or range in use or 8 m, whichever is larger

8.Minimum range: Better than 25 m

9.Markers:

Heading line, Bearing scale, Range ring, VRM 1/2, EBL 1/2, Tuning indicator, Cursor, Alarm zone, North mark (heading sensor input required)

10. Alphanumeric indication:

Range, Range ring interval, Pulselength (SP, MP, LP), Display mode (HU, CU, NU, TM), Interference rejection (IR1, IR2, IR3), VRM (1,2), EBL (1, 2), Automatic A/C SEA (A/C AUTO), Stand-by (ST-BY), Radar alarm:

G(IN)/G(OUT)/G(ACKN), Echo stretch (ES1, ES2), Range to cursor, Bearing to cursor, Echo trailing (TRAIL), Trail time, Trail elapsed time, Navigation data (navigation input required), heading (HDG, heading sensor input required)

11. Vibration:

Vibration Total amplitude

5 to 12.5 Hz

± 1.6 mm

12 to 25 Hz

± 0.35 mm

25 to 50 Hz

± 0.10 mm

12. Temperature:

-25 ° C to + 70 ° C

Antenna unit;

Display unit;

-15 ° C to + 55 ° C

13. Humidity:

 

Relative humidity 93% or less at + 40° C 14. Waterproofing: Antenna unit;

IPX6 Display unit; IPX5

15. Power supply & power consumption:

12 V, 24 V or 32 VDC (10.2 V to 41.6 VDC) 50W

16. Protection feature:

Protection against reverse polarity, overvoltage, overcurrent, and internal fault

17. Compass safe distance:

v

MODEL 1932

 

MODEL 1942

SPECIFICATIONS

 

SPECIFICATIONS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ANTENNA UNIT

 

 

ANTENNA UNIT

 

1.

Radiator:

 

Slotted waveguide

1.

Radiator:

 

Slotted waveguide

 

 

 

array

 

 

 

 

array

2.

Radiator length:

100 cm

2.

Radiator length:

120 cm

3.

Horizontal beamwidth:

3.9°

3.

Horizontal beamwidth:

1.9°

4.

Vertical beamwidth:

27°

4.

Vertical beamwidth:

22°

5.

Sidelobe:

 

 

5.

Sidelobe:

 

 

 

Within ±

20° of mainlobe; less than -24 dB

 

 

Within ±

20° of mainlobe; less than -24 dB

 

Outside ±

20° of mainlobe; less than -30 dB

 

 

Outside ±

20° of mainlobe; less than -30 dB

6.

Polarization:

Horizontal

6.

Polarization:

Horizontal

7. Antenna rotation speed:

24 rpm

 

7. Antenna rotation speed:

24 rpm

8.

Wind resistance:

 

8.

Wind resistance:

 

 

Relative wind speed 100 knots (51.5 m/s)

 

 

Relative wind speed 100 knots (51.5 m/s)

TRANSCEIVER MODULE (contained in antenna)

1. Pulselength & pulse repetition rate:

0.08 s, 2100 Hz (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5) 0.3 s, 1200 Hz (1.5, 2, 3)

0.8 s, 600Hz (3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48)

2. Others: See MODEL 1832.

DISPLAY UNIT

1. Range scale (nm):

Range, Range interval and no. of Rings: 0.125 (0.0625, 2), 0.25 (0.125, 4), 0.75 (0.25, 3), 1 (0.25, 4), 1.5 (0.5, 3), 2 (0.5, 4), 3 (1, 3), 4 (1, 4), 6 (2, 3), 8 (2, 4), 12 (3, 4), 16 (4, 4), 24 (6, 4), 36 (12, 3), 48 (12, 4)

2. Compass safe distance:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Standard compass

Steering compass

 

 

Display unit

0.75 m

0.6 m

 

 

Antenna unit

1.1 m

0.8 m

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Others:

See MODEL 1832.

TRANSCEIVER MODULE (contained in antenna)

1. Transmitting tube:

MG5389 or E3560

2. Peak output power:

6 kW nominal

3. Pulselength & pulse repetition rate:

0.08 s, 2100 Hz (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5) 0.3 s, 1200 Hz (1.5, 2, 3)

0.8 s, 600Hz (3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 64)

4.Bandwidth:

Tx pulselength 0.3 s and 0.08 s: 25 MHz Tx pulselength 0.8 s: 5 MHz

5. Others:

See MODEL 1832.

DISPLAY UNIT

1.Range scale (nm):

Range, Range interval and no. of Rings: 0.125 (0.0625, 2), 0.25 (0.125, 4), 0.75 (0.25, 3), 1 (0.25, 4), 1.5 (0.5, 3), 2 (0.5, 4),

3 (1, 3), 4 (1, 4), 6 (2, 3), 8 (2, 4), 12 (3, 4), 16 (4, 4), 24 (6, 4), 36 (12, 3), 48 (12, 4), 64 (16, 4)

2. Compass safe distance:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Standard compass

Steering compass

 

 

Display unit

0.75 m

0.6 m

 

 

Antenna unit

1.0 m

0.74 m

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.Power supply & power comsumption:

12 V, 24 V or 32 VDC (10.2 V to 41.6 VDC) 52W

vi

INTERFACE IEC 1162

 

ARPA FUNCTION

(NMEA0183)

 

(OPTION)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Input)

Own ship's position:

GGA>RMA>RMC>GLL

Speed:

RMA>RMC>VTG>VHW

Heading (True):

HDT>HDG*>HDM*>VHW>VHW* Heading (Magnetic):

HDM>HDG*>HDT*>VHW>VHW* Course (True): RMA>RMC>VTG Course (Magnetic):

 

VTG>RMA*>RMC*

Waypoint (Range, Bearing): RMB>BWC>BWR

Loran time difference:

RMA>GLC>GTD

Water depth:

DPT>DBT

Water temperature:

MDA>MTW

XTE:

RMB>XTE>APB

*: Calculated value based Magnetic variation.

(Output)

TLL: On using "TLL" Key.

RSD: An interval of four seconds.

TTM: ARP-10 (Option)

1. Internal Board

ARP-10

2. Acquisition

 

Instant selection of auto or manual acquisition in 0.2 - 16 nm, relative speed 100kt.

3. Tracking

Automatic tracking of up to 10 acquired targets betwen 0.1 to 16 nm.

4. Prediction of target motion

True or relative vectors, time scaled. 5. Past position

10 past positions of tracked targets.

6. Alarm Lost target. CPA/ TCPA

7. Automatic tracking range

0.1 - 16 nm

8. Target information (one target selected)

¡Distance and bearing from own ship to target

¡Moving direction and speed

¡CPA (estimated Closest Point of Approach) and TCPA (estimated Time to CPA)

9. Vector length

30 sec. - 30 min.

10. Plotting interval

15 sec. - 6 min.

vii

EQUIPMENT LIST

Complete Set

MODEL 1832

 

Name

Type

Code No.

Qty

Remarks

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Antenna Unit

RSB-0071-057

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

Display Unit

RDP-118

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Installation Materials

CP03-16900

000-086-843

 

sig. cable assy. 10 m

 

(select one)

 

 

 

 

3

CP03-16910

000-086-844

1 set

sig. cable assy. 15 m

 

 

 

 

 

 

CP03-16920

000-086-845

sig. cable assy. 20 m

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CP03-16930

000-086-846

 

sig. cable assy. 30 m

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

Accessaries

FP03-06400

000-086-872

1 set

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Spare Parts

SP03-12200

000-086-965

1 set

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MODEL 1932/1942

 

Name

Type

Code No.

Qty

Remarks

1

Antenna Unit

RSB-0061-054A

 

1

For MODEL1932

RSB-0062-055A

 

1

For MODEL1942

 

 

 

2

Display Unit

RDP-118

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Installation Materials

CP03-17000

000-086-848

 

sig. cable assy. 10 m

 

(select one)

 

 

 

 

3

CP03-17010

000-086-849

1 set

sig. cable assy. 15 m

 

 

CP03-17020

000-086-850

sig. cable assy. 20 m

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CP03-17030

000-086-851

 

sig. cable assy. 30 m

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

Accessaries

FP03-06400

000-086-872

1 set

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Spare Parts

SP03-12200

000-086-965

1 set

 

Optional Equipment

 

Name

Type

Code No.

Qty

Remarks

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

ARP Board

ARP-10

000-086-852

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rectifier

PR-62

000-013-484

 

1832, 100V AC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

000-013-485

1

1832, 110V AC

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

000-013-486

1832, 220V AC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

000-013-487

 

1832, 230V AC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

RU-3423

000-030-443

1

1932/1942, AC

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

Magnifying Lens

03-121-1500

008-439-000

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

Flush Mount Kit

OP03-145

008-476-060

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Mounting Bracket (1)

OP03-92

008-445-070

1

For MODEL1832

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

External Buzzer

OP03-21

000-030-097

1

*See note 1.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cable Assy.

MJ-A6SPF0003-050

000-117-603

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MJ-A6SPF0009-100

000-125-236

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

 

MJ-A6SPF0007-100

000-125-237

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

MJ-A6SPF00012-100

000-133-817

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MJ-A6SPF00012-050

000-134-424

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MJ-B24LPF0006-005

000-140-438

 

*See note 2.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Note 1) Even though the display unit meets waterproof standard IPX-5, the connection of external buzzer, radar plotter and/or remote display can affect waterproofness. Watertight integrity cannot be guaranteed. When these modification has been done, the display unit should not be mounted where exposed.

Note 2) Conversion from MCP connector (square type) to MJ connector (circular type).

viii

Installation Materials

CP03-169xx (Model 1832)

 

Name

Type

Code No.

Qty

 

Remarks

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Signal Cable 10m

MJ-B24LPF0002-100

000-138-972

 

 

Select one.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Connector fitted.

 

Signal Cable 15m

MJ-B24LPF0002-150

000-138-970

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Signal Cable 20m

MJ-B24LPF0002-200

000-138-974

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Signal Cable 30m

MJ-B24LPF0002-300

000-138-973

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

Power Cable

03S9332

000-138-928

1 set

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

Slotted Head

M10 x 25 SUS304

000-862-308

4

 

 

 

Hex Bolt

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

Flat Washer

M10 SUS304

000-864-131

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Spring Washer

M10 SUS304

000-864-261

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

EMC core

E04SS251512

000-144-673

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CP03-170xx (Model 1932/1942)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Name

Type

Code No.

 

Qty

Remarks

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Signal Cable 10m

MJ-B24LPF0002-100

000-138-972

 

 

 

Select one.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Connector fitted.

 

Signal Cable 15m

MJ-B24LPF0002-150

000-138-970

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Signal Cable 20m

MJ-B24LPF0002-200

000-138-974

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Signal Cable 30m

MJ-B24LPF0002-300

000-138-973

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

Power Cable

03S9332

000-138-928

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

Seal Washer

CW1053DX

000-850-021

 

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

Hex Bolt

M12 x 60 SUS304

000-862-191

 

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Hex Nut

M12 SUS304

000-863-112

 

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

Flat Washer

M12 SUS304

000-864-132

 

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

Spring Washer

M12 SUS304

000-864-263

 

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8

Slotted Pin

10 x 45 SUS

000-866-390

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Spare Parts (SP03-12200)

 

Name

Type

Code No.

Qty

Remarks

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Fuse

FGBO-A5A AC125V

000-549-064

2

For 24/32 VDC

power supply

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

Fuse

FGBO 10A AC125V

000-549-065

2

For 12 VDC power

supply

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

Label (5A )

03-129-1512-0

100-248-780

1

For 24/32 VDC

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accessories (FP03-06400)

 

Name

Type

Code No.

Qty

Remarks

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Tapping Screw

6x20 SUS304

000-802-084

5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

Knob

FP03-06402

008-479-320

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

Hanger

FP03-06401

008-479-310

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

Hood Assy.

FP03-04810

008-441-400

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ix

CONFIGURATION OF

MODEL 1832/1932/1942

Antenna Unit

(1832)

 

(1932/1942)

 

 

 

IEC 1162* (In/Out)

Remote Display

NAV

FMD-811/1800

 

 

 

Display Unit

 

 

IEC 1162* (In)

 

RDP-118

 

Video Sounder

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

External Alarm

Gyro

Gyro Converter

 

Auto Plotter

Buzzer OP03-21

 

 

 

AD-100

 

ARP-10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rectifier

 

 

 

 

 

 

*Equivalent to NMEA 0183

12 VDC: 5A

PR-62(1832),

 

 

24 VDC: 10A

 

 

 

 

 

 

: Option

 

 

 

 

RU-3423(1932/1942)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

: Local Supply

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12/24/32 VDC

115/230 VAC

Note: Even though the display unit meets waterproof standard IPX-5, the connection of external buzzer, radar plotter and/or remote display can affect waterproofness. Watertight integrity cannot be guaranteed. When these modification has been done, the display unit should not be mounted where exposed.

x

1. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

1.1 What is Radar?

The term “RADAR” is an acronym meaning RAdio Detection And Ranging. Although the basic principles of radar were developed during World War II, echoes as an aid to navigation is not a new development.

1.2How Ships Determined Position Before Radar

Before the invention of radar, when running in fog near a rugged shoreline, ships would sound a short blast on their whistles, fire a shot, or strike a bell. The time between the origination of the sound and the returning of the echo indicated how far the ship was from the cliffs or the shore. The direction from which the echo was heard indicated the relative bearing of the shore.

1.3How Radar Determines Range

Radar determines the distance to the target by calculating the time difference between the transmission of a radar signal and the reception of the reflected echo. It is a known fact that radar waves travel at a nearly constant speed of 162,000 nautical miles per second. Therefore the time required for a transmitted signal to travel to the target and return as an echo to the source is a measure of the distance to the target. Note that the echo makes a complete round trip, but only half the time of travel is needed to determine the one-way distance to the target. This radar automatically takes this into account in making the range calculation.

1.4How Radar Determines Bearing

The bearing to a target found by the radar is determined by the direction in which the radar scanner antenna is pointing when it emits an electronic pulse and then receives a returning echo. Each time the scanner rotates pulses are transmitted in the full 360 degree circle, each pulse at a slightly different bearing from the previous one. Therefore, if one knows the direction in which the signal is sent out, one knows the direction from which the echo must return.

1.5Radar Wave Speed and Antenna Rotation Speed

Note that the speed of the radar waves out to the target and back again as echoes is extremely fast compared to the speed of rotation of the antenna. By the time radar echoes have returned to the scanner, the amount of scanner rotation after initial transmission of the radar pulse is extremely small.

1.6 The Radar Display

The range and bearing of a target is displayed on what is called a Plan Position Indicator (PPI). This display is essentially a polar diagram, with the transmitting ship’s position at the center. Images of target echoes are received and displayed at their relative bearings, and at their distance from the PPI center.

With a continuous display of the images of targets, the motion of the transmitting ship is also displayed.

1

Targets

A

D A

B

C B

Heading line

Range and bearing of a target, relative to own ship, are

readable on the PPI.

D

C

 

 

Own ship

Own ship

 

 

 

 

(radar)

in center

(A) Bird's eye view of situation

(B) Radar picture of (A)

Figure 1-1 How radar works

2

2. BASIC OPERATION

2.1 Control Description

Brief press:

Displays the data of target selected with the cursor.

Long press:

Terminates plotting of the target selected with the cursor.

Opens/closes menus.

Selects

EBL1/EBL2/VRM1/VRM2.

Control:

Adjusts sensitivity.

Switch:

Temporarily erases heading line (and north mark if displayed).

Control:

Reduces sea clutter.

Switch*:

(Long press) Shifts your vessel’s position to cursor location. (Brief press) Doubles size of area between your vessel and location selected by cursor.

Control:

Reduces rain clutter.

Switch*:

Displaces the EBL origin.

Lights when the economy mode is on.

 

 

Omnipad

 

 

Shifts cursor, VRM and EBL;

 

 

select items and options on

 

 

menu.

 

 

(1) Acquires the target selected

SELECT

ACQ

with the ominipad.

(2) Registers selection on

CANCEL

ENTER

menus.

 

 

MENU

GUARD

Sets guard zone area.

RANGE

Selects radar range.

EBL/VRM

EBL/VRM

Enables/erases

SELECT

CONTROL

EBL1/EBL2/EBL3/EBL4.

GAIN

 

 

 

 

TLL

Outputs target position data.

HM-OFF

 

 

A/C SEA

A/C AUTO

Automatically reduces sea and

 

 

rain clutters.

F1

BRILL

Adjusts display brilliance.

A/C RAIN

 

 

 

ST BY

Sets radar in stand-by;

 

TX

 

transmits radar pulse.

 

 

F2

 

 

POWER Turns power on/off.

*Default switch function.

Figure 2-1 Control panel

3

2.2 Display Indication and Markers

Echo trail elapsed time (P.13)

 

 

Tuning indicator (P.6)

 

 

 

Heading (requires heading data)

 

 

Echo trail time (P.13)

 

Heading line (P.8)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Guard Zone (P.15)

 

HDG 234.5°

TRAIL

AUTO

Zoom (P.11)

Range (P.6)

 

 

Echo Stretch (P.13)

. 125NM

25 : 38

30M

Range ring interval (P.6)

. 0625

 

G (OUT)

 

Pulselength (P.6)

SP

 

ZOOM

 

 

ES1

Off center (P.10)

Display mode (P.12)

HU

 

OFFCENTER

 

 

 

 

Cursor (P.8, 9)

EBL2 (P.9)

Guard zone area (P.15)

EBL1 (P.9)

 

VRM1 (P.8)

Range ring (P.8)

 

VRM2 (P.8)

 

 

 

 

North mark (P.8)

A/C AUTO (P.7)

A/C

 

 

IR2

AUTO

 

 

 

EBL

 

 

VRM

EBL1 bearing (P.9)

345.6°R

13.5°R

0.142NM

0.048NM

EBL2 bearing (P.9)

23.0°R

0.100NM

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interference rejector (P.14)

 

Cursor bearing (P.9)

 

VRM1 range (P.8)

 

 

Cursor range (P.8)

 

VRM2 range (P.8)

Figure 2-2 Display indications

4

2.3 Turning the Radar On/Off

Press the [POWER] key to turn the radar on or off.

The control panel lights and a timer displays the time remaining for warm up of the magnetron (the device which produces radar pulses), counting down from 1:30 to 0:01.

2.4 Transmitting

After the power is turned on and the magnetron has warmed up, STBY (Stand-By) appears at the screen center. This means the radar is now fully operational. In stand-by the radar is available for use at anytime - but no radar waves are being transmitted.

Press the [STBY TX] key to transmit.

When transmitting, any echoes from targets appear on the display. This radar displays echoes in eight tones of green according to echo strength.

2.5 Stand-by

When you won’t be using the radar for an extended period, but you want to keep it in a state of readiness, place it in stand-by by pressing the [STBY TX] key. The display shows “STBY,” navigation data, or goes into the economy mode depending on menu setting. (More on menu operation later.)

Economy mode

The CRT can be set to automatically turn itself off when in stand-by, to reduce power consumption. This feature is called the “economy mode.” Power consumption in the economy mode is 28 W. When the economy mode is on, the lamp next to the [POWER] key lights.

Navigation data display during stand-by

If a navigation aid inputs navigation data to this radar, navigation data can be displayed during stand-by. You can turn the navigation data display on/off through the menu. Figure 2-3 shows a typical navigation data display during standby.

 

 

 

 

SPEED

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TRIP

 

 

 

 

 

ST-BY

 

 

 

 

Time-to-go to Stand-by

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Speed

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

kt

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

000.3 nm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depth

 

 

DEPTH

 

 

 

 

 

125

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TEMPERATURE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trip distance since power on

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

m

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

+17.3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

°C

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

E

To Waypoint bearing Heading

Heading

HDG 092.5°

Time-to-go to

CRS

180.0°M

Course

WPT

TTG 01:08

 

TO Waypoint

 

BRG

45.0° M

 

N

RNG

12.0NM

S

Bearing TO Waypoint

 

OWN SHIP

 

 

LAT

30°00.00N

Ship's position in

Range to TO Waypoint

LON 135°00.00E

TD

59096.4

latitude and longitude

 

36378.1

 

 

 

XTE

and Loran TDs

 

 

R 0.3NM

 

 

 

 

Cross Track Error

L XTE

W

 

Mark " " shows

 

XTE R direction and amount

 

 

 

of error.

1.0

0.5

0.5

1.0

Figure 2-3 Typical navigation data display during stand-by

5

Note 1: Availability of a particular display item depends on incoming data.

Note 2: When Range to Waypoint reaches 0.1 nm, the WPT mark jumps to dead ahead even though a difference may exist between heading and BRG to WPT.

Note 3: When cross track error exceeds 1 nm on either side, the XTE mark starts blinking.

2.6 Selecting the Range

The range selected automatically determines the range ring interval, the number of range rings, pulselength and pulse repetition rate, for optimal detection capability in short to long ranges.

You can select which ranges and pulselength (for 1.5 and 3 mile ranges) to use through the menu. The range, range ring interval and pulselength appear at the top left-hand corner of the display.

To select a range;

Press the [- RANGE +] key. The range and range ring interval appear at the top left corner on the display.

Tips for selecting the range

¡When navigating in or around crowded harbors, select a short range to watch for possible collision situations.

¡If you select a lower range while on open water, increase the range occasionally to watch for vessels that may be heading your way.

2.7 Adjusting Picture Brilliance

The [BRILL] key adjusts the brilliance of the radar picture in sixteen levels.

Press the [BRILL] key to set the brilliance level. The current level momentarily appears on the screen.

2.8 Adjusting Receiver Sensitivity

The [GAIN] control adjusts the sensitivity of the receiver. It works in precisely the same manner as the volume control of a broadcast receiver, amplifying the signals received.

The proper setting is such that the background noise is just visible on the screen. If you set up for too little sensitivity, weak echoes may be missed. On the other hand excessive sensitivity yields too much background noise; strong targets may be missed because of the poor contrast between desired echoes and the background noise on the display.

To adjust receiver sensitivity, transmit on long range, and adjust the [GAIN] control so background noise is just visible on the screen.

2.9 Adjusting the A/C SEA Control (reducing sea clutter)

Echoes from waves can be troublesome, covering the central part of the display with random signals known as “sea clutter.” The higher the waves, and the higher the scanner above the water, the further the clutter will extend. Sea clutter appears on the display as many small echoes which might affect radar performance. (See the left-hand figure in Figure 2-4.) When sea clutter masks the picture, adjust the A/C SEA control to reduce the clutter.

How the A/C SEA control works

The [A/C SEA] control reduces the amplification of echoes at short ranges (where clutter is the greatest) and progressively increases amplification as the range increases, so amplification will be normal at those ranges where there is no sea clutter.

6

Adjusting the A/C SEA control

The proper setting of the A/C SEA should be such that the clutter is broken up into small dots, and small targets become distinguishable.

If the control is set too low, targets will be hidden in the clutter, while if it is set too high, both sea clutter and targets will disappear from the display. In most cases adjust the control until clutter has disappeared to leeward, but a little is still visible windward.

1.Confirm that the sensitivity is properly adjusted, and then transmit on short range.

2.Adjust the [A/C SEA] control so small targets are distinguishable but some clutter remains on the display.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sea clutter at

 

A/C SEA control adjusted;

display center

 

sea clutter suppressed.

Figure 2-4 How to adjust the A/C SEA control

Tip for adjusting the A/C SEA

A common mistake is to over-adjust the circuit so all the clutter is removed. As an example set up for maximum A/C SEA. You will see how the center of the display becomes dark. This dark zone can be dangerous (targets may be missed), especially if the sensitivity is not properly adjusted. Always leave a little clutter visible on the display to be sure weak echoes will not be suppressed. If there is no clutter visible on the display, turn off the circuit.

2.10 Adjusting the A/C RAIN Control (reducing rain clutter)

The vertical beamwidth of the antenna is designed to see surface targets even when the ship is rolling. However, by this design the unit will also detect rain clutter (rain, snow, hail, etc.) in the same manner as normal targets. Figure 2-5 shows the appearance of rain clutter on the display.

Adjusting A/C RAIN

When rain clutter masks echoes, adjust the [A/ C RAIN] control. This control splits up these unwanted echoes into a speckled pattern, making recognition of solid targets easier.

Appearance of

A/C RAIN control adjusted;

rain clutter

rain clutter suppressed.

Figure 2-5 Effect of A/C RAIN

Note: In addition to reducing clutter, the [A/C RAIN] control can be used in fine weather to clarify the picture when navigating in confined waters. However, with the circuit activated the receiver is less sensitive. Therefore, turn off the circuit when its function is not required.

Automatic adjustments of A/C SEA and A/C RAIN

Push the [A/C AUTO] key. “A/C AUTO” appears at the bottom left-hand corner of the display when the A/C AUTO circuit is on. You can fine tune by adjusting the [A/C SEA], [A/C RAIN] and [GAIN] controls.

7

2.11 Erasing the Heading Line,

North Mark

The heading line or north mark (available with gyrocompass connection) may occasionally mask a target. To view the target, you can temporarily erase the heading line and north mark by pressing and holding down the [GAIN (HM OFF)] control. Release the control to re-display the marks.

Heading

line

North mark

Figure 2-6 Heading line and north mark

2.12 Measuring the Range

You can measure the range to a target three ways: by the range rings, by the cursor, and by the VRM (Variable Range Marker).

By range ring

Count the number of rings between the center of the display and the target. Check the range ring interval and judge the distance of the echo from the inner edge of the nearest ring.

By cursor

Operate the omnipad to place the cursor intersection on the inside edge of the target echo, The range to the target, as well as the bearing, appears at the bottom of the display.

By VRM

1.Press the [EBL/VRM SELECT] key to circumscribe a VRM readout (at the bottom right-hand corner). Each press of the key selects the readout of EBL1, EBL2, VRM1 or VRM2 in that order.

EBL

VRM

345.6°R

5.3°NM

23.0°R

12.5°NM

Figure 2-7 Display bottom, showing location of EBL and VRM readouts

2.Press the [EBL/VRM CONTROL] key to enable control of the VRM by the omnipad.

3.Operate the omnipad to place the outside edge of the VRM on the inside edge of the target.

4.Check the VRM readout at the bottom righthand corner of the display to find the range to the target.

5.To anchor the VRM, press the [EBL/VRM CONTROL] key.

To erase the VRM, press and hold down the [EBL/VRM CONTROL] key about two seconds.

Range

6.0 NM Range ring 2.0

interval

Target

VRM1

Cursor

VRM2

 

 

 

 

VRM1

 

 

VRM

 

range

Cursor range

 

4.0 NM

 

 

 

4.0 NM 3.0 NM

 

VRM2

 

 

 

 

 

 

range

Figure 2-8 Measuring range by the cursor, range rings and VRM

Note: You can display the range readout of the VRM and cursor in nautical miles, statute miles or kilometers. For details see the next chapter.

8

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