Datasheet LTC1174 Datasheet (LINEAR TECHNOLOGY)

Page 1
FEATURES
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
1
EFFICIENCY (%)
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
10 100
1174 TA02
200
VIN = 6V
V
IN
= 9V
L = 100µH V
OUT
= 5V
I
PGM
= 0V
High Efficiency: Up to 94%
Peak Inductor Current Independent of Inductor Value
Short-Circuit Protection
Optimized for 5V to – 5V Applications
Wide VIN Range: 4V to 18.5V
Low Dropout Operation
Low-Battery Detector
Pin Selectable Current Limit
Internal 0.9 Power Switch: VIN = 9V
Only Four External Components Required
130µA Standby Current
Active Low Micropower Shutdown
U
APPLICATIO S
Distributed Power Systems
Step-Down Converters
Inverting Converters
Memory Backup Supply
Portable Instruments
Battery-Powered Equipment
LTC1174
LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
High Efficiency
Step-Down and Inverting
DC/DC Converter
U
DESCRIPTIO
®
The LTC ideally suited for 9V to 5V, 5V to 3.3V or 5V to –5V operation. With an internal 0.9 switch (at a supply voltage of 9V), the LTC1174 requires only four external components to construct a complete high efficiency DC/DC converter.
Under a no load condition the LTC1174 draws only 130µA. In shutdown, it draws a mere 1µA making this converter ideal for current sensitive applications. In dropout, the internal P-channel MOSFET switch is turned on continu­ously allowing the user to maximize the life of the battery source.
The maximum inductor current of the LTC1174 family is pin selectable to either 340mA or 600mA, optimizing efficiency for a wide range of applications. Operation up to 200kHz permits the use of small surface mount inductors and capacitors.
For applications requiring higher output current or ultra­high efficiency, see the LTC1148 data sheet.
, LT, LTC and LTM are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
1174 is a simple current mode DC/DC converter
TYPICAL APPLICATIO
High Efficiency Step-Down Converter
V
IN
9V
3
2
7
(3) AVX TPSD156K025
*
AVX TPSD107K010
**
COILTRONICS CTX100-4
LB
LB
I
PGM
V
SHUTDOWN
IN
OUT
LTC1174-5
GND
6
IN
4
8
1
V
OUT
5
SW
U
100µH
1N5818
15µF*
+
25V ×3
+
5V 175mA
100µF** 10V
1174 TA01
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LTC1174 LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
WWWU
ABSOLUTE AXI U RATI GS
(Note 1)
(Voltage Referred to GND Pin) Input Supply Voltage (Pin 6)
LTC1174 ........................................... –0.3V to 13.5V
LTC1174HV ...................................... – 0.3V to 18.5V
Switch Current (Pin 5) .............................................. 1A
Switch Voltage (Pin 5)
LTC1174 ................................................. VIN – 13.5V
LTC1174HV ............................................ V
UU
W
– 18.5V
IN
PACKAGE/ORDER I FOR ATIO
TOP VIEW
(VFB*)
V
OUT
1
LB
2
OUT
LB
3
IN
GND
4
N8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD PDIP
* ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VERSION
T
= 125°C, θJA = 110°C/W
JMAX
SHUTDOWN
8
I
7
PGM
V
6
IN
SW
5
Operating Temperature Range
LTC1174CX ............................................ 0°C to 70°C
LTC1174IX ........................................ – 40°C to 85°C
Junction Temperature (Note 2)............................ 125°C
Storage Temperature Range ................ –65°C to 150°C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec)................. 300°C
TOP VIEW
V
(VFB*)
OUT
1
LB
2
OUT
LB
3
IN
GND
4
S8 PACKAGE
8-LEAD PLASTIC SO
* ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VERSION
T
= 125°C, θJA = 150°C/W
JMAX
SHUTDOWN
8
I
7
PGM
V
6
IN
SW
5
ORDER PART NUMBER
LTC1174CN8 LTC1174CN8-3.3 LTC1174CN8-5 LTC1174IN8 LTC1174HVCN8 LTC1174HVCN8-3.3 LTC1174HVCN8-5
Order Options Tape and Reel: Add #TR Lead Free: Add #PBF Lead Free Tape and Reel: Add #TRPBF
Lead Free Part Marking: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
I V V
V
FB
FB
OUT
Feedback Current LTC1174/LTC1174HV 1 µA Feedback Voltage LTC1174/LTC1174HV Regulated Output Voltage LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174HV-3.3
Output Voltage Line Regulation VIN = 6V to 12V, I
OUT
LTC1174-5/LTC1174V-5
The ● denotes specifications which apply over the full operating
= 25°C. VIN = 9V, V
A
= 100mA, I
LOAD
ORDER PART NUMBER
LTC1174CS8 LTC1174CS8-3.3 LTC1174CS8-5 LTC1174IS8 LTC1174HVCS8 LTC1174HVCS8-3.3 LTC1174HVCS8-5 LTC1174HVIS8
SHUTDOWN
PGM
= VIN, I
= VIN (Note 3) 10 70 mV
= 0V, unless otherwise noted.
PGM
S8 PART MARKING
1174 117433 117450 1174I 1174H 1174H3 1174H5 1174HI
1.20 1.25 1.30 V
3.14 3.30 3.46 V
4.75 5.00 5.25 V
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Page 3
LTC1174
LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
The ● denotes specifications which apply over the full operating
= 25°C. VIN = 9V, V
A
SHUTDOWN
= VIN, I
= 0V, unless otherwise noted.
PGM
SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Output Voltage Load Regulation LTC1174-3.3 (Note 3)
20mA < I 20mA < I
< 175mA, I
LOAD
< 400mA, I
LOAD
= 0V –5 –70 mV
PGM PGM
= V
IN
–45 –70 mV
LTC1174-5 (Note 3)
20mA < I 20mA < I
I
Q
Input DC Supply Current (Note 4) Active Mode
LTC1174: 4V < V LTC1174HV: 4V < V
< 175mA, I
LOAD
< 400mA, I
LOAD
IN
< 12V, I
< 16V, I
IN
= 0V –5 –70 mV
PGM
= V
PGM
IN
= 0V 450 600 µA
PGM
= 0V 450 600 µA
PGM
–50 –70 mV
Sleep Mode LTC1174: 4V < V LTC1174HV: 4V < V
< 12V 130 180 µA
IN
< 16V 130 180 µA
IN
SHUTDOWN (Note 4)
= 0V, 4V < VIN < 12V 1 10 µA
SHUTDOWN
= 0V, 4V < VIN < 16V 2 25 µA
= 0.4V 1.0 1.2 1.5 mA
= 0.4V 0.6 0.8 1.5 mA
LBOUT
OUT
= 0V
= 0V
0.54 0.60 0.83 A
0.27 0.34 0.53 A
0.75 1.30
0.90 1.55
= 12V 0.5 µA
SHUTDOWN
= 16V 2.0 µA
0.8V 0.5 µA
V
LBTRIP
I
LBIN
I
LBOUT
V
HYST
I
PEAK
R
ON
t
OFF
V
IH
V
IL
I
IH
I
IL
LTC1174: V
SHUTDOWN
LTC1174HV: V Low-Battery Trip Point 1.25 1.4 V Current into Pin 3 0.5 µA Current Sunk by Pin 2 LTC1174: V
LBOUT
LTC1174HV: V Comparator Hysteresis LTC1174/LTC1174HV 7.5 15 30 mV Current Limit I
PGM
I
PGM
= VIN, V = 0V, V
OUT
ON Resistance of Switch LTC1174
LTC1174HV Switch Off-Time (Note 6) V
at Regulated Value 3 4 5 µs
OUT
SHUTDOWN Pin High Minimum Voltage at Pin 8 for Device to Be Active 1.2 V SHUTDOWN Pin Low Maximum Voltage at Pin 8 for Device to Be in Shutdown 0.75 V SHUTDOWN Pin Input Current LTC1174: V
SHUTDOWN
LTC1174HV: V SHUTDOWN Pin Input Current 0 ≤ V
SHUTDOWN
The ● denotes specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at – 40°C T
SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
V
FB
I
LBOUT
I
PEAK
t
OFF
R
ON
Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime.
Feedback Voltage LTC1174I/LTC1174HVI Current Sunk by Pin 2 V
Current Limit I
Switch Off-Time (Note 6) V
Switch On Resistance LTC1174I/LTC1174HVI
85°C. LTC1174I and LTC1174HVI Only.
A
= 0.4V (LTC1174I)
LBOUT
= 0.4V (LTC1174HVI)
V
LBOUT
= VIN, V
PGM
I
= 0V, V
PGM
I
= VIN, V
PGM
= 0V, V
I
PGM
at Regulated Value (LTC1174I)
OUT
V
at Regulated Value (LTC1174HVI)
OUT
= 0V (LTC1174I)
OUT
= 0V (LTC1174I) 0.34 A
OUT
= 0V (LTC1174HVI)
OUT
= 0V (LTC1174HVI) 0.34 A
OUT
Note 2: TJ is calculated from the ambient temperature TA and power dissipation P
D
LTC1174CN8, LTC1174CN8-3.3, LTC1174CN8-5:
= TA + (PD × 110°C/W)
T
J
LTC1174CS8, LTC1174CS8-3.3, LTC1174CS8-5:
= TA + (PD × 150°C/W)
T
J
1.18 1.25 1.31 V
0.75 1.2 2.0 mA
0.50 0.8 1.6 mA
0.54 0.60 0.84 A
0.5 0.60 0.86 A
2.0 4 6.0 µs
1.8 4 6.2 µs
0.9 1.7
according to the following formulas:
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LTC1174 LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Note 3: Guaranteed by design. Note 4: Dynamic supply current is higher due to the gate charge being
delivered at the switching frequency.
Note 5: Current into Pin 6 only, measured without electrolytic input capacitor.
Note 6: The off-time is wafer-sort trimmed.
UW
TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
Efficiency vs Load Current Efficiency vs Load Current Efficiency vs Load Current
100
95
90
85
EFFICIENCY (%)
80
75
70
1
100
VIN = 6V
= 9V
V
IN
L = 50µH V
OUT
I
PGM
COIL = CTX50-4
10 100
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
= 5V = 0V
1174 G01
200
100
95
90
85
EFFICIENCY (%)
80
75
70
1
100
VIN = 6V
VIN = 9V
L = 50µH V
OUT
I
PGM
COIL = CTX50-4
10 100
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
= 5V = V
IN
400
1174 G02
100
95
90
85
EFFICIENCY (%)
80
75
70
1
Efficiency vs Load CurrentEfficiency vs Load Current Efficiency vs Load Current
100
VIN = 6V
10 100
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
VIN = 9V
L = 100µH
= 5V
V
OUT
= V
I
PGM
IN
COIL = CTX100-4
1174 G03
500
90
80
70
EFFICIENCY (%)
60
50
1
VIN = 5V
VIN = 9V
10 100
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
L = 50µH
= 3.3V
V
OUT
= 0V
I
PGM
COIL = CTX50-4
1174 G04
300
90
80
70
EFFICIENCY (%)
60
50
1
VIN = 5V
VIN = 9V
L = 50µH V
OUT
I
PGM
COIL = CTX50-4
10 100
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
= 3.3V = V
IN
1174 G05
500
90
80
70
EFFICIENCY (%)
60
50
1
VIN = 5V
VIN = 9V
L = 100µH V
OUT
I
PGM
COIL = CTX100-4
10 100
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
= 3.3V = V
IN
500
1174 G06
4
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LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0
SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
4
8
10
1174 G12
2
6
12
14
ACTIVE MODE
I
PGM
= V
IN
SLEEP MODE
I
PGM
= 0V
TA = 25°C
UW
TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
Switch Leakage Current
Line Regulation
6
I
LOAD
4
= 0V
I
PGM
2
0
–2
(mV)
–4
OUT
–6
V
–8
–10
–12
–14
0
2
= 100mA
4
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
8
6
10
12
14
1174 G07
vs Temperature Efficiency vs Input Voltage
180
VIN = 13.5V
160
140
120
100
80
60
LEAKAGE CURRENT (nA)
40
20
0
20 60
0
40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
80
1174 G08
100
95
94
93
92
91
90
EFFICIENCY (%)
V
89
OUT
I
PGM
I
88
LOAD
CORE = CTX (Kool Mµ
87
5
68
L = 50µH
= 5V
= 0V
= 75mA
7
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
LTC1174
L = 100µH
®
)
9
12
10 11 13
14
1174 G09
Efficiency vs Input Voltage
95
V
= 5V
OUT
94
93
92
I
EFFICIENCY (%)
91
90
89
68
5
= 300mA
LOAD
= V
I
PGM
7
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
L = 100µH COIL = CTX100-4
I I
IN
10 14
9
LOAD PGM
11
= 100mA
= 0V
12
13
1174 G10
Operating Frequency vs V
– V
IN
OUT
2.0 V
= 5V
OUT
1.5
TA = 25°C
1.0
0.5
NORMALIZED FREQUENCY
0
0
2
1
(VIN – V
3
TA = 70°C
57
4
) VOLTAGE (V)
OUT
6
8
1174 G13
9
Supply Current in Shutdown
1.8
SHUTDOWN = 0V
1.6 = 25°C
T
A
CURRENT INTO PIN 6 ONLY
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
0.4
0.2
0
0
414
2
6
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Switch Resistance vs Input Voltage
1.7
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.3
()
1.2
(ON)
1.1
RDS
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7 4
LTC1174
6
8
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
LTC1174HV
10
12
8
10 12
1174 G11
TA = 25°C
14 16 18 20
1174 G14
DC Supply Current
Off-Time vs Output Voltage
50
40
30
20
OFF-TIME (µs)
10
0
LTC1174-3.3
LTC1174HV-3.3
0
LTC1174-5 LTC1174HV-5
1
2
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
3
4
5
1174 G15
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Page 6
LTC1174 LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
U
UU
PI FU CTIO S
V
(VFB) (Pin 1): For the LTC1174, this pin connects to the
OUT
main voltage comparator’s input. On the LTC1174-3.3 and LTC1174-5 this pin goes to an internal resistive divider which sets the output voltage.
(Pin 2): Open Drain of an N-Channel Pull-Down. This
LB
OUT
pin will sink current when Pin 3 (LB During shutdown the state of this pin is indeterminate.
LB
(Pin 3): The “–” Input of the Low-Battery Voltage
IN
Comparator. The “+” input is connected to a reference voltage of 1.25V.
GND (Pin 4): Ground Pin.
U
U
FU CTIO AL DIAGRA
) goes below 1.25V.
IN
W
(Pin 1 connection shown for LTC1174-3.3 and LTC1174-5, changes create LTC1174)
SW (Pin 5): Drain of the P-Channel MOSFET Switch. Cathode
of Schottky diode must be closely connected to this pin.
V
(Pin 6): Input Supply Voltage. It must be decoupled
IN
close to ground Pin 4.
I
(Pin 7): Selects the Current Limit of the P-Channel
PGM
Switch. With I with I
= 0V, the current trip value is reduced to 340mA.
PGM
= VIN, the current trip point is 600mA and
PGM
SHUTDOWN (Pin 8): Pulling this pin to ground keeps the internal switch off and puts the LTC1174 in micropower shutdown.
V
IN
6
gmV
V
LIM1
+
V
TH2
A5
SLEEP
+
A2
V
LIM2
I
PGM
7
R
SENSE
0.1
A4
C
FB
LB
2
OUT
T
+
V
TH1
LB
IN
3
GND
A3
+
4
1.25V
REFERENCE
* R1 = 51k FOR LTC1174-3.3 R1 = 93.5k FOR LTC1174-5
RESET
SET
SHUTDOWN
8
Q
)
V
OUT (VFB
1
5
×
SW
R1*
V
FB
A1
31.5k
+
1174 BD
6
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Page 7
OPERATIO
LTC1174
LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
U
(Refer to Functional Diagram)
The LTC1174 uses a constant off-time architecture to switch its internal P-channel power MOSFET. The off-time is set by an internal timing capacitor and the operating frequency is a function of VIN.
The output voltage is set by an internal resistive divider (LTC1174-3.3 and LTC1174-5) or an external divider re­turned to VFB Pin 1 (LTC1174). A voltage comparator A1 compares the divided output voltage to a reference voltage of 1.25V.
To optimize efficiency, the LTC1174 automatically switches
®
between continuous and Burst Mode
operation. The volt­age comparator is the primary control element when the device is in Burst Mode operation, while the current com­parator controls the output voltage in continuous mode.
During the switch“ON” time, switch current flows through the 0.1 sense resistor. When this current reaches the threshold of the current comparator A2, its output signal will change state, setting the flip-flop and turning the switch off. The timing capacitor, C voltage goes below V
, begins to discharge until its
T
. Comparator A4 will then trip,
TH1
which resets the flip-flop and causes the switch to turn on again. Also, the timing capacitor is recharged. The inductor current will again ramp up until the current comparator A2 trips. The cycle then repeats.
When the load is relatively light, the LTC1174 automatically goes into Burst Mode operation. The current mode loop is interrupted when the output voltage reaches the desired regulated value. The hysteretic voltage comparator A1 trips when V
is above the desired output voltage, shutting off
OUT
the switch and causing the timing capacitor to discharge. This capacitor discharges past V below V
. Comparator A5 then trips and a sleep signal is
TH2
until its voltage drops
TH1
generated.
In sleep mode, the LTC1174 is in standby and the load current is supplied by the output capacitor. All unused circuitry is shut off, reducing quiescent current from
0.45mA to 0.13mA. When the output capacitor discharges by the amount of the hysteresis of the comparator A1, the P-channel switch turns on again and the process repeats itself.
Operating Frequency and Inductor
Since the LTC1174 utilizes a constant off-time architecture, its operating frequency is dependent on the value of V
IN
. The
frequency of operation can be expressed as:
f
=
where t
1
IN OUT
VV
t
OFF
OFF
IN D
= 4µs and VD is the voltage drop across the diode.
Hz
()
+
VV
Note that the operating frequency is a function of the input and ouput voltage.
Although the size of the inductor does not affect the fre­quency, it does affect the ripple current. The peak-to-peak ripple current is given by:
VV
I
RIPPLE
=
410
6
⎜ ⎝
+
OUT D
L
A
()
⎟ ⎠
PP
By choosing a smaller inductor, a low ESR output filter capacitor has to be used (see C
and C
IN
). Moreover, core
OUT
loss will also increase (see Inductor Core Selection section) due to higher ripple current.
Burst Mode is a registered trademark of Linear Technology Corporation.
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Page 8
LTC1174
I
I
A
mA
RMS
PEAK
RMS
()
=2170
or 300mA
LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
WUUU
APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
Inductor Core Selection
With the value of L selected, the type of inductor must be chosen. Basically there are two kinds of losses in an inductor, core and copper
Core losses are dependent on the peak-to-peak ripple current and the core material. However it is independent of the physical size of the core. By increasing the inductance the inductor’s peak-to-peak ripple current will decrease, therefore reducing core loss. Utilizing low core loss mate­rial, such as molypermalloy or Kool Mµ will allow users to concentrate on reducing copper loss and preventing satu­ration. Figure 1 shows the effect of different core material on the efficiency of the LTC1174. The CTX core is Kool Mµ and the CTXP core is powdered iron (material 52).
Although higher inductance reduces core loss, it increases copper loss as it requires more windings. When space is not
100
90
80
70
EFFICIENCY (%)
60
50
1
CTX100-4
CTX100-4P
VIN = 5V
= 3.3V
V
OUT
= V
I
PGM
10 100 500
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
IN
a premium larger gauge wire can be used to reduce the wire resistance. This also prevents excessive heat dissipation.
C
IN
In continuous mode the source current of the P-channel MOSFET is a square wave of duty cycle V
OUT/VIN
. To prevent large voltage transients, a low ESR input capacitor sized for the maximum RMS current must be used. The C
RMS
IN
current is given by:
12/
A
()
RMS
, where I
OUT
RMS
=
I
RMS
IVVV
[]
OUT OUT IN OUT
()
V
IN
This formula has a maximum at VIN = 2V I
/ 2. This simple worst case is commonly used for design
OUT
because even significant deviations do not offer much relief. Note that ripple current directly affects capacitor’s lifetime. DO NOT UNDERSPECIFY THIS COMPONENT. An additional
0.1µF ceramic capacitor is also required on VIN for high frequency decoupling.
C
OUT
To avoid overheating, the output capacitor must be sized to handle the ripple current generated by the inductor. The worst case RMS ripple current in the output capacitor is given by:
100
90
80
70
EFFICIENCY (%)
60
50
Figure 1. Efficiency Using Different Types of Inductor Core Material
8
CTX50-4
CTX50-4P
hysteresis of the voltage comparator, ESR of the output capacitor is also a concern. Too high of an ESR will create a higher ripple output voltage and at the same time cause the LTC1174 to sleep less often. This will affect the efficiency of the LTC1174. For a given technology, ESR is a direct
Although the output voltage ripple is determined by the
VIN = 5V
= 3.3V
V
OUT
= V
I
PGM
IN
1
10 100 500
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
1174 F01
function of the volume of the capacitor. Several small-sized capacitors can also be paralleled to obtain the same ESR as one large can. Manufacturers such as Nichicon, Chemicon and Sprague should be considered for high performance capacitors. The OS-CON semiconductor dielectric capaci­tor available from Sanyo has the lowest ESR for its size, at a higher price.
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Page 9
WUUU
V
R R
LBTRIP
=+
⎛ ⎝
⎞ ⎠
125 1
4
3
.
LTC1174
+
1.25V REFERENCE
R4
R3
3
V
IN
1174 F03
APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
LTC1174
LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
Catch Diode Selection
The catch diode carries load current during the off-time. The average diode current is therefore dependent on the P-channel switch duty cycle. At high input voltages the diode conducts most of the time. As V
approaches V
IN
OUT
the diode conducts only a small fraction of the time. The most stressful condition for the diode is when the output is short-circuited. Under this condition the diode must safely handle I
at close to 100% duty cycle. A fast switching diode
PEAK
must also be used to optimize efficiency. Schottky diodes are a good choice for low forward drop and fast switching times. Most LTC1174 circuits will be well served by either a 1N5818, a MBRS140T3 or a MBR0520L Schottky diode.
Short-Circuit Protection
The LTC1174 is protected from output short by its internal current limit. Depending on the condition of I
PGM
pin, the limit is either set to 340mA or 600mA. In addition, the off­time of the switch is increased to allow the inductor’s current to decay far enough to prevent any current build-up (see Figure 2).
I
= V
PGM
IN
compared with a 1.25V reference voltage. With the current going into Pin 3 being negligible, the following expression is used for setting the trip limit:
When the LTC1174 is shut down, the low-battery detector is inactive.
Figure 3. Low-Battery Comparator
LTC1174 Adjustable/Low Noise Applications
The LTC1174 develops a 1.25V reference voltage between the feedback (Pin 1) terminal and ground (see Figure 4). By selecting resistor R1, a constant current is caused to flow through R1 and R2 to set the overall output voltage. The regulated output voltage is determined by:
I
= 0
PGM
GND
L = 100µH
= 13.5V
V
IN
Figure 2. Inductor's Current with Output Shorted
20µs/DIV
1174 F02
Low-Battery Detector
The low-battery indicator senses the input voltage through an external resistive divider. This divided voltage connects to the “–” input of a voltage comparator (Pin 3) which is
V
=+
1251
OUT
.
⎛ ⎜
⎞ ⎟
1
R
2
R
For most applications, a 30k resistor is suggested for R1. To prevent stray pickup, a 100pF capacitor is suggested across R1 located close to the LTC1174. Alternatively, a capacitor across R2 can be used to increase the switching frequency for low noise operation.
Inverting Applications
The LTC1174 can easily be set up for a negative output voltage. If –5V is desired, the LTC1174-5 is ideal for this application as it requires the least components. Figure 5 shows the schematic for this application. Note that the
1174fe
9
Page 10
LTC1174 LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
WUUU
APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
V
OUT
6.8nF**
LTC1174 V
ADJUSTABLE APPLICATIONS
*
LOW NOISE APPLICATIONS
**
1
FB
100pF*
Figure 4. LTC1174 Adjustable Configuration
INPUT VOLTAGE
4V TO 12V
V
LB
IN
LB
OUT
I
PGM
LTC1174HV-5
IN
SHUTDOWN
GND
3
2
7
AVX TPSD476K016
*
COILTRONICS CTX50-4
**
6
8
1
V
OUT
5
SW
4
0.1µF
50µH**
MBRS140T3
Figure 5. Positive-to-Negative 5V Converter
output voltage is now taken off the GND pin. Therefore, the maximum input voltage is now determined by the difference between the absolute maximum voltage rating and the output voltage. A maximum of 12V is specified in Figure 5, giving the circuit a 1.5V of headroom for VIN. Note that the circuit can operate from a minimum of 4V, making it ideal for a 4 NiCad cell application. For a higher output current circuit, please refer to the Typical Applications section.
R2
R1
1174 F04
47µF*
+
16V ×2
+
47µF* 16V ×2
V
OUT
–5V
45mA
1174 F05
LTC1174-5 regulator and also to one or more loads in parallel with the the regulator’s V
. If the battery is dis-
IN
connected while the LTC1174/LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5 regulator is supplying a light load and one of the parallel circuits is a heavy load, the input capacitor of the LTC1174/ LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5 regulator could be pulled down faster than the output capacitor, causing the absolute maximum ratings to be exceeded. The result is often a latchup which can be destructive if V
is reapplied. Bat-
IN
tery disconnect is possible as a result of mechanical stress, bad battery contacts or use of a lithium-ion battery with a built-in internal disconnect. The user needs to assess his/her application to determine whether this situation could occur. If so, additional protection is necessary.
Prevention against latchup can be accomplished by sim­ply connecting a Schottky diode across the SW and V
IN
pins as shown in Figure 6. The diode will normally be reverse biased unless V time the diode will clamp the (V
is pulled below V
IN
– VIN) potential to less
OUT
at which
OUT
than the 0.6V required for latchup. Note that a low leakage Schottky should be used to minimize the effect on no-load supply current. Schottky diodes such as MBR0530, BAS85 and BAT84 work well. Another more serious effect of the protection diode leakage is that at no load with nothing to provide a sink for this leakage current, the output voltage can potentially float above the maximum allowable toler­ance. To prevent this from occuring, a resistor must be connected between V
and ground with a value low
OUT
enough to sink the maximum possible leakage current.
LATCHUP PROTECTION SCHOTTKY
Absolute Maximum Ratings and Latchup Prevention
The absolute maximum ratings specify that SW (Pin 5) can never exceed V
(Pin 6) by more than 0.3V. Normally this
IN
situation should never occur. It could, however, if the output is held up while the supply is pulled down. A con­dition where this could potentially occur is when a battery is supplying power to an LTC1174/LTC1174-3.3/
10
V
IN
LTC1174
LTC1174-3.3
LTC1174-5
SW
V
OUT
+
1174 F06
Figure 6. Preventing Absolute Maximum Ratings from Being Exceeded
1174fe
Page 11
WUUU
INDUCTOR CURRENT
TIME
I
PEAK
I
V
AVG CURRENT
= I
OUT
=
= 350mA
I
PEAK
+ I
V
2
1174 F08
APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
LTC1174
LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
Board Layout Checklist
When laying out the printed circuit board, the following checklist should be used to ensure proper operation of the LTC1174. These items are also illustrated graphically in the layout diagram in Figure 7. Check the following in your layout:
1. Is the Schottky catch diode
closely
connected between
ground (Pin 4) and switch (Pin 5)?
2. Is the “+” plate of C
closely
IN
connected to VIN (Pin 6)? This capacitor provides the AC current to the internal P-channel MOSFET.
3. Is the 0.1µF V
decoupling capacitor
IN
closely
conected between VIN (Pin 6) and ground (Pin 4)? This capacitor carries the high frequency peak currents.
4. Is the SHUTDOWN (Pin 8) actively pulled to V
during
IN
normal operation? The SHUTDOWN pin is high imped­ance and must not be allowed to float.
5. Is the I I
PGM
(Pin 7) pulled either to VIN or ground? The
PGM
pin is high impedance and must not be allowed
to float.
DESIGN EXAMPLE
As a design example, assume V 5V, and I for this application, with I
= 350mA maximum. The LTC1174-5 is used
OUT
PGM
= 9V (nominal), V
IN
OUT
=
(Pin 7) connected to VIN. The minmum value of L is determined by assuming the LTC1174-5 is operating in continuous mode.
Figure 8. Continuous Inductor Current
With I
0.1A.The peak-to-peak ripple inductor current, I
= 350mA and I
OUT
PEAK
= 0.6A (I
= VIN), IV =
PGM
RIPPLE
, is
0.5A and is also equal to:
VV
I
RIPPLE
=
410
6
⎜ ⎝
+
OUT D
L
A
()
⎟ ⎠
PP
OUTPUT DIVIDER
REQUIRED WITH
ADJUSTABLE
VERSION ONLY
Figure 7. LTC1174 Layout Diagram (See Board Layout Checklist)
R2
I
PGM
V
SW
8
7
6
IN
54
0.1µF
D
+
C
IN
C
OUT
V
IN
L
+
V
OUT
1174 F07
1174fe
1
V
OUT
SHUTDOWN
(VFB)
2
LB
OUT
3
R1
LB
IN
LTC1174
GND
BOLD LINES INDICATE
HIGH CURRENT PATH
11
Page 12
LTC1174 LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
WUUU
APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
Solving for L in the above equation and with VD = 0.6V, L = 44.8µH. The next higher standard value of L is 50µH (example: Coiltronics CTX50-4). The operating frequency, neglecting voltage across diode V
V
.•
kHz
5
⎜ ⎝
f
≈−
2 5 10 1
=
111
OUT
V
IN
⎞ ⎟
With the value of L determined, the requirements for C and C
are calculated. For CIN, its RMS current rating
OUT
D
is:
IN
should be at least:
/
A
()
RMS
I
RMS
For C
I
RMS
IVVV
[]
OUT OUT IN OUT
=
mA
=12174
, the RMS current rating should be at least:
OUT
I
PEAK
=2300
mA
()
V
IN
A
()
RMS
Now allow VIN to drop to 6V. At this minimum input voltage the operating frequency will decrease. The new frequency is 42kHz.
Table 1. Inductor Manufacturers
MANUFACTURER PART NUMBER
Coilcraft DT3316 Series 1102 Silver Lake Road Cary, IL 60013 (708) 639-2361
Coiltronics Inc. Econo-Pac 6000 Park of Commerce Blvd. Octa-Pac Boca Raton, FL 33487 (407) 241-7876
Gowanda Electronics Corporation GA10 Series 1 Industrial Place Gowanda, NY 14070 (716) 532-2234
Sumida Electric Co. Ltd. CD 54 Series 637 E. Golf Road, Suite 209 CD 75 Series Arlington Heights, IL 60005 (708) 956-0666/7
Table 2. Capacitor Manufacturers
MANUFACTURER PART NUMBER
AVX Corporation TPS Series P.O. Box 887 TAJ Series Myrtle Beach, SC 29578 (803) 448-9411
Nichicon America Corporation PL Series 927 East State Parkway Schaberg, IL 60173 (708) 843-7500
Sanyo Video Components OS-CON Series 2001 Sanyo Avenue San Diego, CA 92173 (619) 661-6385
Attn: Sales Dept.
12
1174fe
Page 13
TYPICAL APPLICATIO S
6V to 5V Step-Down Regulator with Low-Battery Detection
LOW-BATTERY INDICATOR
*
IS SET TO TRIP AT V AVX TPSD476K016
**
= MBRS140T3 (SURFACE MOUNT)
D1
1N5818
L1 SELECTION
MANUFACTURER
COILTRONICS SUMIDA GOWANDA
= 5.5V
IN
PART NO.
CTX100-4 CD75-101 GA10-103K
TYPE
SURFACE MOUNT SURFACE MOUNT THROUGH HOLE
U
BATTERY
INDICATOR
162k
47.5k
*LOW-
4.7k
LTC1174
LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
INPUT VOLTAGE
6V
+
1174 TA03
47µF** 16V ×2
+
47µF** 16V ×2
6
V
I
LB
LB
PGM
IN
SHUTDOWN
OUT
LTC1174-5
IN
GND
4
7
2
3
8
1
V
OUT
5
SW
0.1µF
L1
100µH
D1
V
OUT
5V 365mA
INPUT VOLTAGE
4V TO 12.5V
AVX TPSD226K025
*
AVX TPSD476K016
**
COILTRONICS CTX50-4
High Efficiency 3.3V Regulator
+
22µF* 25V ×3
50µH
1N5818
7
3
2
I
PGM
LB
IN
LTC1174-3.3
LB
OUT
6
V
IN
SHUTDOWN
V
GND
4
OUT
SW
8
1
5
+
1174 TA04
0.1µF
47µF** 16V ×2
V
OUT
3.3V 425mA
1174fe
13
Page 14
LTC1174 LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
U
TYPICAL APPLICATIO S
INPUT VOLTAGE
4V TO 12.5V
7
I
PGM
3
LB
2
LB
AVX TPSD226K025
*
AVX TPSD105K010
**
COILTRONICS CTX50-4
Low Noise 3V Regulator
6
V
IN
SHUTDOWN
IN
LTC1174
OUT
GND
4
V
SW
8
1
FB
5
+
50µH
1N5818
22µF* 25V ×3
0.1µF
6.8nF
100µF**
+
10V ×2
1174 TA05
42k
30k
V
OUT
3V 450mA
*
LOW-BATTERY INDICATOR IS SET TO TRIP AT V
**
AVX TPSD106K035
***
AVX TPSD105K010
D1
= MBRS130LT3 (SURFACE MOUNT) 1N5818
L1 SELECTION
MANUFACTURER
COILTRONICS COILCRAFT SUMIDA GOWANDA
= 4.4V
IN
PART NO.
CTX50-3 DT3316-473 CD54-470 GA10-472K
VIN(V)
I
OUT MAX
4
110
6
140
8
10
12.5
TYPE
SURFACE MOUNT SURFACE MOUNT SURFACE MOUNT THROUGH HOLE
170 200 235
Positive-to-Negative (–5V) Converter
INPUT VOLTAGE
4V TO 12.5V
(mA)
4.7K
BATTERY
INDICATOR
280k
43k
*LOW-
7
2
3
I
PGM
LB
OUT
LTC1174HV-5
LB
IN
6
V
IN
SHUTDOWN
V
GND
4
OUT
SW
+
10µF**
+
35V ×2
100µF*** 10V
1174 TA06
V
OUT
–5V
0.1µF
8
1
5
L1
50µH
D1
14
1174fe
Page 15
TYPICAL APPLICATIO S
LOW-BATTERY INDICATOR
*
IS SET TO TRIP AT V AVX TPSD336K020
**
AVX TPSD105K010
***
= MBRS140T3 (SURFACE MOUNT)
D1
1N5818
L1 SELECTION
MANUFACTURER
COILTRONICS COILCRAFT SUMIDA GOWANDA
= 4.4V
IN
PART NO.
CTX50-3 DT3316-473 CD54-470 GA10-472K
I
VIN(V)
OUT MAX
4 5 6 7
TYPE
SURFACE MOUNT SURFACE MOUNT SURFACE MOUNT THROUGH HOLE
U
Positive-to-Negative (– 3.3V) Converter
175 205 230 255
(mA)
*LOW-
BATTERY
INDICATOR
220k
43k
4.7K
7
2
3
LTC1174
LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
INPUT VOLTAGE
4V TO 13.5V
+
+
33µF** 20V ×2
100µF*** 10V ×2
1174 TA07
V
I
SHUTDOWN
PGM
LB
OUT
LTC1174HV-3.3
LB
IN
GND
6
IN
4
8
1
V
OUT
5
SW
0.1µF
L1
50µH
D1
V
OUT
–3.3V 210mA
AVX TPSD336K020
*
= MBRS140T3 (SURFACE MOUNT)
D1
1N5818
L1 SELECTION
MANUFACTURER
COILTRONICS COILCRAFT SUMIDA GOWANDA
PART NO.
CTX50-3 DT3316-473 CD54-470 GA10-472K
TYPE
SURFACE MOUNT SURFACE MOUNT SURFACE MOUNT THROUGH HOLE
Negative Boost Converter
7
I
PGM
2
LB
OUT
3
33µF*
+
16V ×2
LB
V
SHUTDOWN
LTC1174-3.3
IN
GND
6
IN
4
8
1
V
OUT
5
SW
D1
INPUT VOLTAGE
–5V
L1 50µH
310k
50k
0.1µF
0.1µF
+
1174 TA08
33µF* 20V ×2
V –9V 175mA
OUT
1174fe
15
Page 16
LTC1174 LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
U
TYPICAL APPLICATIO S
INPUT
VOLTAGE
6V TO 12.5V
SANYO OS-CON
*
AVX TPSD476K016
**
= MBRS140T3 (SURFACE MOUNT)
D1
L1 SELECTION
MANUFACTURER
COILTRONICS COILCRAFT SUMIDA GOWANDA
††
USE 1% METAL FILM RESISTORS
1N5818
PART NO.
CTX50-3 DT3316-473 CD54-470 GA10-472K
TYPE
SURFACE MOUNT SURFACE MOUNT SURFACE MOUNT THROUGH HOLE
3
LB
IN
2
LB
OUT
7
I
PGM
9V to 5V Pre-Post Regulator
D1
L1
50µH
+
+
6
V
IN
SHUTDOWN
LTC1174
GND
4
V
SW
8
1
FB
5
100µF* 16V
47µF** 16V, ×2
100pF
0.1µF
110k
30.1k
V
8
V
OUT
0.1µF
IN
LT®1121-5
5
SHUTDOWN
GND
3
1174 TA09
††
††
1
+
OUT
5V 150mA
1µF SOLID TANTALUM
VIN(V)
4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
AVX TAJE106K050
*
AVX TPSD476K016
**
= MBRS140T3 (SURFACE MOUNT)
D1
1N5818
L1 SELECTION
MANUFACTURER
COILTRONICS COILCRAFT SUMIDA GOWANDA
††
USE 1% METAL FILM RESISTORS
I
OUT MAX
(mA)
20 25 30 35 43 50 55 60 65
PART NO.
CTX100-3 DT3316-104 CD75-101 GA10-103K
VOLTAGE
4V TO 12.5V
TYPE
SURFACE MOUNT SURFACE MOUNT SURFACE MOUNT THROUGH HOLE
INPUT
LCD Display Power Supply
††
1174 TA10
56.2k
50k
998k
+
††
††
10µF* 50V ×4
V
OUT
–24V 50mA AT
= 9V
V
IN
6
V
LB
I
LB
PGM
IN
OUT
IN
SHUTDOWN
LTC1174
GND
4
3
7
2
+
47µF** 16V ×2
0.1µF
V
SW
8
1
FB
5
1N914
0.1µF
2N2222
2N5210
Si9435
D1
L1 100µH
16
1174fe
Page 17
TYPICAL APPLICATIO S
SANYO OS-CON
*
WIMA MKS2
**
COILTRONICS CTX100-4
(V)
L1B
V
IN
4 6
8 10 12 13
CTX100-4
I
OUT MAX
4
(mA)
75 100 125 145 160 180
23
L1A
1
U
INPUT VOLTAGE
7
I
PGM
3
LB
IN
LTC1174HV-5
2
LB
OUT
4V TO 12.5V
6
V
IN
SHUTDOWN
GND
4
9V to 5V, –5V Outputs
8
1
V
OUT
5
SW
MBRS140T3
LTC1174
LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
+
L1B 100µH
3.3µF**
+
0.1µF0.1µF
L1A
100µH
MBRS140T3
100µF* 16V
+
1174 TA11
100µF* 20V
V
OUT
5V 135mA AT
= 9V
V
IN
100µF* 16V
–V
OUT
–5V 135mA AT
= 9V
V
IN
AVX TAJD226K035
*
WIMA MKS2
**
COILTRONICS CTX100-4
††
USE 1% METAL FILM RESISTORS
(V)
V
IN
4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
I
OUT MAX
(mA)
20 25 35 45 50 55 62 67 73
INPUT VOLTAGE
4V TO 12.5V
7
I
PGM
3
LB
IN
2
LB
OUT
6
V
IN
SHUTDOWN
LTC1174
GND
4
9V to 12V, –12V Outputs
0.1µF
8
1
V
FB
SW
Si9430DY
5
1N914
+
22µF* 35V ×3
3.3µF**
4
L1B 100µH
3
MBRS140T3
1
MBRS140T3
+
L1A
100µH
22µF* 35V ×2
L1B
23
CTX100-4
4
2
+
22µF* 35V ×2
L1A
1
V
OUT
12V 55mA AT
††
301k
34k
††
1174 TA12
= 9V
V
IN
–V
OUT
–12V 55mA AT
= 9V
V
IN
1174fe
17
Page 18
LTC1174 LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
U
TYPICAL APPLICATIO S
INPUT
VOLTAGE
6V TO 12.5V
+
100µF*
20V
SANYO OS-CON CAPACITOR
*
COILTRONICS CTX50-4
TPO610L
0.1µF
100k
Automatic Current Selection
OUT
LTC1174-5
IN
6
V
IN
SHUTDOWN
V
GND
4
OUT
SW
8
1
5
100k
2
LB
7
I
PGM
3
LB
50µH
1N5818
100k
36.5k
V
OUT
5V 0mA TO 320mA
1174 TA13
+
100µF* 16V
SANYO OS-CON
*
WIMA MKS2
**
COILTRONICS CTX100-4
L1B
CTX100-4
4
Buck-Boost Converter
INPUT VOLTAGE
4V TO 12V
6
V
PGM
IN
LTC1174HV-5
OUT
IN
SHUTDOWN
GND
4
7
I
3
LB
2
LB
23
L1A
1
8
1
V
OUT
SW
5
4
3
L2A 100µH
3.3µF**
0.1µF
+
100µF* 20V
V
OUT
1
L1A
100µH
1N5818
2
1174 TA14
5V 160mA
+
100µF* 16V
18
1174fe
Page 19
PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO
.300 – .325
(7.620 – 8.255)
U
N8 Package
8-Lead PDIP (Narrow .300 Inch)
(Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1510)
.045 – .065
(1.143 – 1.651)
LTC1174
LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
.400*
(10.160)
.130 ± .005
(3.302 ± 0.127)
MAX
87 6
5
.065
(1.651)
.008 – .015
(0.203 – 0.381)
+.035
.325
–.015
+0.889
8.255
()
–0.381
NOTE:
1. DIMENSIONS ARE
*THESE DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED .010 INCH (0.254mm)
INCHES
MILLIMETERS
TYP
.100
(2.54)
BSC
8-Lead Plastic Small Outline (Narrow .150 Inch)
(Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1610)
.050 BSC
.245 MIN
.045 ±.005
.160 ±.005
.018 ± .003
(0.457 ± 0.076)
S8 Package
.228 – .244
(5.791 – 6.197)
.120
(3.048)
MIN
8
.020
(0.508)
MIN
.189 – .197
(4.801 – 5.004)
NOTE 3
7
6
.255 ± .015*
(6.477 ± 0.381)
5
.150 – .157
(3.810 – 3.988)
NOTE 3
12
4
3
N8 1002
.030 ±.005
TYP
RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD LAYOUT
.010 – .020
(0.254 – 0.508)
.008 – .010
(0.203 – 0.254)
NOTE:
1. DIMENSIONS IN
2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE
3. THESE DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED .006" (0.15mm)
Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no represen­tation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.
× 45°
0°– 8° TYP
.016 – .050
(0.406 – 1.270)
INCHES
(MILLIMETERS)
.053 – .069
(1.346 – 1.752)
.014 – .019
(0.355 – 0.483)
TYP
1
3
2
4
.004 – .010
(0.101 – 0.254)
.050
(1.270)
BSC
SO8 0303
1174fe
19
Page 20
LTC1174 LTC1174-3.3/LTC1174-5
U
TYPICAL APPLICATIO
Battery Charger
INPUT VOLTAGE
8V TO 12.5V
*
AVX TAJD226K020
**
AVX TAJD107K010
D1,D2
= MBRS140T3 (SURFACE MOUNT) 1N5818
L1 SELECTION
MANUFACTURER
COILTRONICS COILCRAFT SUMIDA GOWANDA
PART NO.
CTX50-2P DT3316-473 CD54-470 GA10-472K
VIN(V)
8
9 10 11 12
TYPE
SURFACE MOUNT SURFACE MOUNT SURFACE MOUNT THROUGH HOLE
I
OUT MAX
320 325 330 335 335
(mA)
+
6
V
PGM
IN
SHUTDOWN
IN
LTC1174
OUT
GND
4
7
I
3
LB
2
LB
V
SW
8
1
FB
5
D1
L1
50µH
0.1µF
150k
33k
22µF* 20V ×2
+
1174 TA15
D2
100µF** 10V
V 4 NiCAD BATTERY
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Output Ripple, SOT-23 Package
P-P
= 5V to 1.25V
OUT
OUT
TO
20
Linear Technology Corporation
1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417
(408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507
www.linear.com
1174fe
LT 1006 REV E • PRINTED IN USA
© LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 1994
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